US2787558A - Process of producing phosphorescent yarn - Google Patents
Process of producing phosphorescent yarn Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2787558A US2787558A US484568A US48456855A US2787558A US 2787558 A US2787558 A US 2787558A US 484568 A US484568 A US 484568A US 48456855 A US48456855 A US 48456855A US 2787558 A US2787558 A US 2787558A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- phosphorescent
- parts
- casein
- producing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/0004—General aspects of dyeing
- D06P1/0012—Effecting dyeing to obtain luminescent or phosphorescent dyeings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/22—Luminous paints
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
- D06M11/53—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with hydrogen sulfide or its salts; with polysulfides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to textile yarn that is luminous and has the property of phosphorescence, and to a process for producing the same.
- phosphorescent refers to the continuous emission of light from a substance without any apparent rise in temperature produced after exposure to heat, light, or electronic discharges.
- the invention is especially directed to a phosphorescent yarn treated in a particular way to meet the requirements of the floor covering and related industries.
- the phosphorescent substances to be described herein are to be distinguished from the familiarly known luminiscent material having the property of fluorescence in which the emission of luminescent light ceases with the removal of the exciting energy.
- Phosphorescent pigments are synthetic, inorganic chemicals that have the property of glowing in the dark after previous exposure to daylight, ordinary room lighting or certain other forms of radiant energy. This phosphorescent afterglow lasts from 30 minutes to 10 to 12 hours or more, depending on the pigment, after which it can be repeated again and again by renewed exposure of the pigment to light.
- Luminous yarns of one kind or another have long been known in the textile industry. Fluorescent yarns have been used for theatrical fabrics, and some phosphorescent materials have also been used for such a purpose. When floor coverings were made with any of the yarns previously used, the abrasion of walking and scufiing prevented the luminous material from remaining effective for an appreciable period before being worn off the yarn.
- the primary object of this invention is to provide a wear-resistant, phosphorescent yarn incorporating a permanently phosphorescent material and a substance capable of providing the required wear protection.
- the phosphorescent yarn be non-toxic and altogether harmless, and non-allergy producing, so that it may be used without limitation in special fabrics for general home use and related purposes.
- a further and more specific object of this invention resides in the provision of a wear-resistant, textile yarn having the property of stable phosphorescence and comprising fibers carrying a mixture of phosphorescent pigments and light-transmitting resin.
- the process involved in producing these properties is applicable to any animal, vegetable or artificial spun yarn, with a good range of color.
- the thus treated yarns may be used in the manu facture of textile fabric floor coverings in accordance with any of the known weaving, knitting, tufting or hooking processes employed in the manufacture of floor coverings.
- the phosphorescent pigments employed are combined with such chemical base substances as zinc sulphide, or zinc sulphide combined with cadmium sulphide, or cadmium sulphide combined with strontium sulphide. Any of the mentioned compounds can be used when mixed with water and necessary binder in the manner set forth hereafter.
- the phosphorescent pigments specified herein and appearing in the following examples are those produced by the New Jersey Zinc Company under U. S. Patent No. 2,475,437 as standard articles of commerce. They are further identified by that company as Nos. 2301, 2304, 2330, 2478, 2479 and 2480.
- Light-transmitting natural or synthetic binders are used with the phosphorescent pigments in the yarn bath. Casein is an example of a natural binder that is suitable, and polyethylene, and polyvinyl acetate are examples from a large number of plastic or synthetic resinous materials that have been used successfully.
- the general procedure is to incorporate the phosphorescent material pigments in the fibre or the yarn bath, either with or without previous wetting, and then to add a solution of polyvinyl acetate and casein.
- Example 1 Parts by weight ZnS with phosphorescent base 30 Deceresol OT 25% aqueous (ester of sulfo-dicarboxylic acid such as described in U. S. Patent No. 2,028,091)
- a Casein solution [100 parts casein, 700 parts H2O,
- the process for impregnating yarn with any given formula is as follows (a) Prepare a well stirred emulsion of resin in water;
- Casein solution 100 parts casein; 700 parts H20; 14%. parts borax; 2 /2 parts of a sodium salt of pentachloraphenol') 10 Polyvinyl acetate emulsion 5 H2O 55 removing the thus impregnated yarn-stock from said solution; and then drying the spun yarn at an elevated temperature of the orderof 270 F.
Description
PROCESS OF PRODUCING PHOSPHORESCENT YARN Harold E. Wadely, Irvington, N. Y., assignor to The Firth Carpet Company, vInc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Application January 27, 1955, Serial No. 484,568
1 Claim. (Cl. 117-33.5)
The present invention relates to textile yarn that is luminous and has the property of phosphorescence, and to a process for producing the same.
The term phosphorescent refers to the continuous emission of light from a substance without any apparent rise in temperature produced after exposure to heat, light, or electronic discharges.
The invention is especially directed to a phosphorescent yarn treated in a particular way to meet the requirements of the floor covering and related industries.
The phosphorescent substances to be described herein are to be distinguished from the familiarly known luminiscent material having the property of fluorescence in which the emission of luminescent light ceases with the removal of the exciting energy.
Phosphorescent pigments are synthetic, inorganic chemicals that have the property of glowing in the dark after previous exposure to daylight, ordinary room lighting or certain other forms of radiant energy. This phosphorescent afterglow lasts from 30 minutes to 10 to 12 hours or more, depending on the pigment, after which it can be repeated again and again by renewed exposure of the pigment to light.
Luminous yarns of one kind or another have long been known in the textile industry. Fluorescent yarns have been used for theatrical fabrics, and some phosphorescent materials have also been used for such a purpose. When floor coverings were made with any of the yarns previously used, the abrasion of walking and scufiing prevented the luminous material from remaining effective for an appreciable period before being worn off the yarn.
Accordingly, the primary object of this invention is to provide a wear-resistant, phosphorescent yarn incorporating a permanently phosphorescent material and a substance capable of providing the required wear protection.
In order to serve these purposes it is essential that the phosphorescent yarn be non-toxic and altogether harmless, and non-allergy producing, so that it may be used without limitation in special fabrics for general home use and related purposes.
It is also a specific and important object of this invention to provide a luminous yarn of the character indicated that may be used by the floor covering industry for markings, bindings, and in the production of textures and patterns having special light effects.
A further and more specific object of this invention resides in the provision of a wear-resistant, textile yarn having the property of stable phosphorescence and comprising fibers carrying a mixture of phosphorescent pigments and light-transmitting resin. The process involved in producing these properties is applicable to any animal, vegetable or artificial spun yarn, with a good range of color. The thus treated yarns may be used in the manu facture of textile fabric floor coverings in accordance with any of the known weaving, knitting, tufting or hooking processes employed in the manufacture of floor coverings.
In accordance with the requirements of the patent aired States Patent "ice 2,787,558 Patented Apr. 2, 1957 of phosphorescent substances in association with the yarn is preferably effected during a process similar to the ones used in the dyeing of yarns. In so doing, the yarn is dipped or bathed in a solution which contains the dye and phosphorescent particles, as well as the binder and resinous material which upon dyeing envelops the particles of phosphorescent substance in such a manner as to permanently integrate them with the yarn and provide substantial safeguard from destructive abrasion in use. The phosphorescent pigments employed are combined with such chemical base substances as zinc sulphide, or zinc sulphide combined with cadmium sulphide, or cadmium sulphide combined with strontium sulphide. Any of the mentioned compounds can be used when mixed with water and necessary binder in the manner set forth hereafter.
The phosphorescent pigments specified herein and appearing in the following examples are those produced by the New Jersey Zinc Company under U. S. Patent No. 2,475,437 as standard articles of commerce. They are further identified by that company as Nos. 2301, 2304, 2330, 2478, 2479 and 2480. Light-transmitting natural or synthetic binders are used with the phosphorescent pigments in the yarn bath. Casein is an example of a natural binder that is suitable, and polyethylene, and polyvinyl acetate are examples from a large number of plastic or synthetic resinous materials that have been used successfully.
The general procedure is to incorporate the phosphorescent material pigments in the fibre or the yarn bath, either with or without previous wetting, and then to add a solution of polyvinyl acetate and casein.
The following specific examples are given:
Example 1 Parts by weight ZnS with phosphorescent base 30 Deceresol OT 25% aqueous (ester of sulfo-dicarboxylic acid such as described in U. S. Patent No. 2,028,091) A Casein solution [100 parts casein, 700 parts H2O,
14 /2 parts borax, 2 /2 parts Dowacide 61----.. 10 Polyvinyl acetate emulsion 10 B20... 49 /2 Total 100 ExampleZ Parts by weight ZnS with phosphorescent base 30 Casein solution [100 parts casein, 700 parts H2O,
14 /2 parts borax, 2 /2 parts Dowacide G] 10 Polyvinyl acetate emulsion 5 H20- 55 Total 100 Example3 Parts by weight Casein solution [100 parts casein, 700 parts H2O,
14 /2 parts borax, 2 /2 parts Dowacide G] ZnS with phosphorescent base 25 Total Above formulae may be used either in combination with a dyeing process or merely by themselves as an impregnating process in such cases where no dyed color is desired on the yarn.
The process for impregnating yarn with any given formula, in its preferred form, is as follows (a) Prepare a well stirred emulsion of resin in water;
into the above-mentioned dispersion and'leave some in such state for aperiod of five to ten minutes;
(:1) 'Remove the yarn from the liquid;
(e) Repeat the immersion and extraction of the yarn (or fibers) as often as may be desirable, depending on the end use of theiproduct;
(f) After completion of the herein given operations dry the yarn (or fibers) at an elevated temperature such as 270F. in-anyconventional manner.
It is to be understood that variations can be made in the details ofithe yarn product and process as disclosed herein without departing from the principles of invention and the'scope of the appended claim.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as novel anddesire-to secure'by Letters Patent of the United States is:
The process of making phosphorescent face yarn for 4 rugs ,or carpetscomprising impregnating spun yarn-stock with a solution consisting essentially of:
Parts by weight ZnS with phosphorescent base -e 30 Casein solution (100 parts casein; 700 parts H20; 14%. parts borax; 2 /2 parts of a sodium salt of pentachloraphenol') 10 Polyvinyl acetate emulsion 5 H2O 55 removing the thus impregnated yarn-stock from said solution; and then drying the spun yarn at an elevated temperature of the orderof 270 F.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,033,976 Dreyfus Mar. 17, 1936 2,369,184 Silver Feb. 13, 1945 2,621,134 'Welch- Dec. 9, 1952 2,635,969 Goldstein Apr. 21, 1953
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US484568A US2787558A (en) | 1955-01-27 | 1955-01-27 | Process of producing phosphorescent yarn |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US484568A US2787558A (en) | 1955-01-27 | 1955-01-27 | Process of producing phosphorescent yarn |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2787558A true US2787558A (en) | 1957-04-02 |
Family
ID=23924689
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US484568A Expired - Lifetime US2787558A (en) | 1955-01-27 | 1955-01-27 | Process of producing phosphorescent yarn |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2787558A (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4211813A (en) * | 1977-03-25 | 1980-07-08 | B.R.I.C. (Burea de Recherche pour l'Innovation et la Convervence | Photoluminescent textile materials |
US4725316A (en) * | 1985-04-09 | 1988-02-16 | Eldon Enterprises Ltd. | Color compositions and method |
US5321069A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-14 | Afterglow Accent Yarns, Inc. | Process for producing phosphorescent yarn and yarn produced by the process |
US5674437A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1997-10-07 | Glotex Corporation | Method of providing luminescence to fibrous materials |
US5914076A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-06-22 | The Glo-Tech Corporation | Process for producing longer-lasting, high luminescence, phosphorescent textile fibers |
US6607456B2 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2003-08-19 | Wan-Sheng Yu | Self-luminous basket net |
WO2003075046A2 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-12 | Jps Converter And Industrial Corporation | Fluorescent and phosphorescent coated fibers and fabrics |
US20060159925A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-07-20 | Satish Agrawal | High-intensity, persistent thermochromic compositions and objects, and methods for creating the same |
US7338877B1 (en) | 2002-11-27 | 2008-03-04 | Fiber Innovation Technology, Inc. | Multicomponent fiber including a luminescent colorant |
US20080121818A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-05-29 | Satish Agrawal | Phosphorescent compositions for identification |
US20080121815A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-05-29 | Satish Agrawal | Phosphorescent compositions and methods for identification using the same |
US20090076535A1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-19 | Satish Agrawal | Tissue markings and methods for reversibly marking tissue employing the same |
US20090071365A1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-19 | Satish Agrawal | Tissue marking compositions |
WO2010063945A1 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Porcher Industries | Photoluminescent composite yarn, method for obtaining same and resulting textile structure |
US20110140002A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2011-06-16 | Performance Indicator, Llc | Photoluminescent Compositions, Methods of Manufacture and Novel Uses |
US20200172744A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Composition for making coated yarn |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2033976A (en) * | 1936-03-17 | Treatment op textile or other | ||
US2369184A (en) * | 1942-08-10 | 1945-02-13 | Seymour D Silver | Hot water-soluble paint |
US2621134A (en) * | 1949-04-12 | 1952-12-09 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Method of depositing luminescent powdered material on surfaces by sedimentation |
US2635969A (en) * | 1950-03-03 | 1953-04-21 | Goldstein Joseph | Phosphorescent yarns and method for producing same |
-
1955
- 1955-01-27 US US484568A patent/US2787558A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2033976A (en) * | 1936-03-17 | Treatment op textile or other | ||
US2369184A (en) * | 1942-08-10 | 1945-02-13 | Seymour D Silver | Hot water-soluble paint |
US2621134A (en) * | 1949-04-12 | 1952-12-09 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Method of depositing luminescent powdered material on surfaces by sedimentation |
US2635969A (en) * | 1950-03-03 | 1953-04-21 | Goldstein Joseph | Phosphorescent yarns and method for producing same |
Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4211813A (en) * | 1977-03-25 | 1980-07-08 | B.R.I.C. (Burea de Recherche pour l'Innovation et la Convervence | Photoluminescent textile materials |
US4725316A (en) * | 1985-04-09 | 1988-02-16 | Eldon Enterprises Ltd. | Color compositions and method |
US5321069A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-14 | Afterglow Accent Yarns, Inc. | Process for producing phosphorescent yarn and yarn produced by the process |
US5674437A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1997-10-07 | Glotex Corporation | Method of providing luminescence to fibrous materials |
US5914076A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-06-22 | The Glo-Tech Corporation | Process for producing longer-lasting, high luminescence, phosphorescent textile fibers |
US6607456B2 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2003-08-19 | Wan-Sheng Yu | Self-luminous basket net |
WO2003075046A2 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2003-09-12 | Jps Converter And Industrial Corporation | Fluorescent and phosphorescent coated fibers and fabrics |
WO2003075046A3 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2004-04-15 | Jps Converter And Ind Corp | Fluorescent and phosphorescent coated fibers and fabrics |
US7338877B1 (en) | 2002-11-27 | 2008-03-04 | Fiber Innovation Technology, Inc. | Multicomponent fiber including a luminescent colorant |
US8282858B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2012-10-09 | Performance Indicator, Llc | High-intensity, persistent photoluminescent formulations and objects, and methods for creating the same |
US20060172135A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-08-03 | Satish Agrawal | Layered envirochromic materials, applications and methods of preparation thereof |
US8409662B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2013-04-02 | Performance Indicator, Llc | High-intensity, persistent photoluminescent formulations and objects, and methods for creating the same |
US8293136B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2012-10-23 | Performance Indicator, Llc | High-intensity, persistent photoluminescent formulations and objects, and methods for creating the same |
US8287757B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2012-10-16 | Performance Indicator, Llc | High-intensity, persistent photoluminescent formulations and objects, and methods for creating the same |
US20060159925A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-07-20 | Satish Agrawal | High-intensity, persistent thermochromic compositions and objects, and methods for creating the same |
US20110140002A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2011-06-16 | Performance Indicator, Llc | Photoluminescent Compositions, Methods of Manufacture and Novel Uses |
US7910022B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2011-03-22 | Performance Indicator, Llc | Phosphorescent compositions for identification |
US7547894B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2009-06-16 | Performance Indicator, L.L.C. | Phosphorescent compositions and methods for identification using the same |
US20080121815A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-05-29 | Satish Agrawal | Phosphorescent compositions and methods for identification using the same |
US20080121818A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-05-29 | Satish Agrawal | Phosphorescent compositions for identification |
USRE44254E1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2013-06-04 | Performance Indicator, Llc | Phosphorescent compositions and methods for identification using the same |
US7842128B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2010-11-30 | Performance Indicatior LLC | Tissue marking compositions |
US8039193B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2011-10-18 | Performance Indicator Llc | Tissue markings and methods for reversibly marking tissue employing the same |
US20090071365A1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-19 | Satish Agrawal | Tissue marking compositions |
US20090076535A1 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-19 | Satish Agrawal | Tissue markings and methods for reversibly marking tissue employing the same |
WO2010063945A1 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Porcher Industries | Photoluminescent composite yarn, method for obtaining same and resulting textile structure |
US20200172744A1 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Composition for making coated yarn |
US10870768B2 (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-12-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Composition for making coated yarn |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2787558A (en) | Process of producing phosphorescent yarn | |
US5674437A (en) | Method of providing luminescence to fibrous materials | |
US2341009A (en) | Method of improving brightness of fibrous materials | |
US4211813A (en) | Photoluminescent textile materials | |
US2089413A (en) | Production of novel effects on | |
US20160230316A1 (en) | Denim fabric with fire-retardant properties and process of dyeing the warp with indigo blue dye | |
US2418525A (en) | Manufacture of water-resistant uninflammable organic fibrous materials and product | |
DE2235222B2 (en) | Polymers with improved flame resistance | |
CN105970460B (en) | A kind of novel light-emitting polyester terephthalate knitting fabric and preparation method thereof | |
GB524051A (en) | Improvements in or relating to impregnated or coated products composed or inorganic artificial textile fibres particularly for electrical insulation | |
US2180508A (en) | Method and material for marking laundered articles | |
CN102232130A (en) | Photoluminescent composite yarn, method for obtaining same and resulting textile structure | |
GB2174731A (en) | Extinguishing or preventing optical brightening | |
JPH0967764A (en) | Fiber emitting light of fluorescent color | |
KR100259724B1 (en) | Synthetic resin fiber having a luminant property and its preparation method | |
US2635969A (en) | Phosphorescent yarns and method for producing same | |
ES8206672A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing luminous textiles | |
US2215563A (en) | Process for coating fabrics with rubber | |
US2373191A (en) | Process for chlorinating textiles colored with dyestuffs sensitive to chlorine | |
US3510241A (en) | Coloration of aromatic polyesters | |
BRAČKO et al. | Impregnation dyeing of cotton/polyester spun yarn mixture with photoluminescent pigments | |
JPH0370020B2 (en) | ||
JP2020186502A (en) | Luminous woven fabric, and preparation method and application thereof | |
US3942947A (en) | Dyeing novoloid fibers with disperse dyes | |
JPH04119183A (en) | Light-accumulating luminescent nonwoven fabric and its production |