US2807865A - Sized textile and method of fabricating yarn into fabric - Google Patents
Sized textile and method of fabricating yarn into fabric Download PDFInfo
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- US2807865A US2807865A US436687A US43668754A US2807865A US 2807865 A US2807865 A US 2807865A US 436687 A US436687 A US 436687A US 43668754 A US43668754 A US 43668754A US 2807865 A US2807865 A US 2807865A
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- yarn
- mole percent
- copolymer
- sizing
- salt
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- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- -1 alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 13
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 7
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006027 ternary co-polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 3
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical class FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002466 Dynel Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001617 Vinyon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003064 carboxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003065 carboxyethylmethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
- D06M15/267—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having amino or quaternary ammonium groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
United States Patent SIZED TEXTILE AND METHOD OF FABRICATING YARN INTO FABRIC Fred B. Shippee, Churchville, and Melvin D. Hurwitz, Huntingdon Valley, Pa., assignors to Rohm 85 Haas Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application June 14, 1954, Serial No. 436,637
16 Claims. (Cl. 28-76) This invention relates to the sizing or dressing of fibers, filaments, and yarns whether of spun or continuous filament type, to render such textile materials amenable to textile operations, for example, twisting, doubling, weaving, knitting, braiding, and so forth. It is particularly concerned with sizes of removable type which are adapted to be applied to hydrophobic artificial filaments an fibers, such as nylon.
Heretofore, attempts have been made to use watersoluble or water-dispersible polymeric colloidal substances, such as starch or polyvinyl alcohol for the sizing of nylon yarns, but such materials generally show little adhesion to hydrophobic materials, such as nylon. The lack of adhesion requires the application of excessive amounts of the sizing material to protect the filaments or fibers and to reduce the tendency for the size to rub off on guides or other surfaces of the textile fabricating machinery. Various polymers and copolymers of acrylic acid and of methacrylic acid and also styrenemaleic acid copolymers as well as their salts have been suggested but the general experience with such materials has been that they are hard and brittle and tend to shed particles thereof during their passage through the textile fabricating machinery, or they are corrosive to metals and damage the equipment, or they have disadvantages of adhering more readily to metal than to the materials of which the fibers and filaments are composed. Because of this latter characteristic, the sized yarns tend to leave deposits of the sized material on metal guides and on metal drying drums. Because of their hardness, it is necessary in many uses to combine these polymeric materials with other substances, especially plasticizers, but in general, because of their high acidity, the particular materials which can be effectively combined or mixed with the polymeric acids or their salts is somewhat limited. For example, starch and cellulosic derivatives are unsuitable because they are degraded by the acidity of the polymers or copolymers.
It is an object of the present invention to provide as textile sizing materials certain acrylic copolymers which have been found to have outstanding qualities adapting them to provide improved properties in textile articles sized therewith without the disadvantages heretofore encountered. A more particular object of the invention is to provide a readily removable size for rendering spun yarns of hydrophobic artificial fibers more amenable to textile processing. Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description thereof beneficial as sizes for textile materials and especially for .spunyarns of hydrophobic artificial filamentary materials, such as nylon. The particular copolymer salts are the ammonium or alkali metal salts of copolymers of 5 2 T to 20 mole percent of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with to of at least one ester selected from the group consisting of the acrylates and methacrylates of aliphatic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sufficient proportion amounting to at least 50 mole percent of the total ester component of the copolymer being selected from acrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, methacrylates of primany and secondary acyclic alcohols having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof to impart to the salt of the copolymer a Knoop hardness of not over 7 and preferably about 1 or less. The molecular weight of the copolymer salts may be from about 3,000 to 1,000,000.
The Knoop hardness number is determined in accordance with the procedure described in Indentation Hard ness Testing, by V. E. Lysaght, 1949, Reinhold Publishing Company, p. 189. In the examples herein, a Tukon Hardness Tester of the Wilson Mechanical Instrument Company was used. Its pressure element was applied without impact under a 25-gram load to a film of the copolymer to be tested cast on glass, which had been dried at C. and conditioned at 55% relative humidity and 77 F., and held in contact for a period of ten seconds. The indentation resulting was measured with the aid of a microscope.
These salts of copolymers are either water-soluble when the proportion of the acid component is between 10 a and 20 mole percent or readily dispersible in water when the proportion of the acid component is between 5 and 10 mole percent. The ammonium salt is preferred as it seems to have appreciably greater adhesion to the hydrophobic filamentary materials than the salts of the alkali metals, possibly because of partial hydrolysis to provide free carboxyl groups in the copolymer. It is essential that the salts of the copolymers be soft and have an upper limit of Knoop hardness of seven, and preferred copolymers have a Knoop hardness number of not over one. While the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid may be copolymerized with an ester of acrylic acid with an alcohol from methyl to octadecyl to yield copolymers having the necessary softness, the acid cannot be :copolymerized with an ester consisting entirely of a lower methacrylate, that is one obtained from an alcohol having less than six carbon atoms without producing a copolymer having a hardness far in excess of the limit required for the present invention. However, the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid may be combined with a lower methacrylate in ternary copolymers provided the lower methacrylate having less than six carbon atoms does not amount to more than 50 mole percent of the total ester component. For example, a ternary copolymer of 20 mole percent methacrylic acid, 27 mole percent of methyl methacrylate and 54 mole percent of octyl methacrylate is of sufficient softness for the purpose of the present invention. Similarly, an adequately soft copolymer may be obtained by the copolymerization of 20 mole percent methacrylic acid, 14 mole percent methyl methacrylate and 66 mole percent of n-lauryl methacrylate. The corresponding ternary copolymers in which the methacrylic acid is replaced entirely with a corresponding proportion of acrylic acid are also adequately soft for the purposes of the invention.
These copolymer salts when applied to yarns, especially of spun nylon or the like, are substantially free from corrosion difiiculties. They do not stick to metal, such as that of guides, or that on the dryer drums of a slasher.
Because of their softness they provide a sized yarn which is extremely flexible and substantially free of shedding difficulties. In addition, these copolymers are compatible with many materials which may be introduced into the sizing composition for various purposes. They do not degrade starch or other carbohydrate materials and they are quite compatible with a wide variety of hydrophilic 3 polymeric colloids with which it may be advantageous to mix the copolymers before application to the yarns.
The amount of copolymer salt applied to the textile material may vary from 1 to by weight depending upon the purposefor which application is intended and upon whether or not auxiliary conditioning or sizing agents are included in the composition by which it is applied to the textile. The method or means taken to apply the sizing composition, whether it consists of an aqueous solution of the copolymer alone or of a mixture of the copolymer with other ingredients, may be selected according to the ultimate purpose. Thus, the composition may be applied by spraying, dipping, padding, by sizing rolls, transfer rolls, or the like. For sizing of spun or continuous filament yarns, an entire Warp thereof may be passed through a conventional slasher or a yarn may be individually treated in a single end sizer. After application of the aqueous solution which may have a concentration of l to by weight of solids (that is either the copolymer alone or in conjunction With other yarn-treating agents) the excess solution may be removed such as by squeeze rolls or wipers and the treated yarn may then be dried. Drying may be effected by any suitable means such'as by heated air or drying cans. Since the compositions do not transfer from the yarns to the cans and do not stick to the metal of such cans, metal drying cans can be effectively used without difficulty. The drying may be effected at temperatures of 160-250 F., a temperature in this range being selected in accordance with the particular type of yarn to prevent any damage as a result or excessive heating. The aqueous solution containing the copolymer may be at room temperature up to about 190 F., or more during application, the higher temperatures favoring penetration.
For warp sizing spun yarns, the preferred proportion applied to the yarn is from 5 to 15% by weight on the initial weight of the yarn. However, for the sizing of continuous filament yarns the preferred proportion is from 0.5 to 2.5% of the copolymer on the weight of the yarn.
The copolymers of the present invention may be used on yarns of fibers and filaments of a wide variety of hydro phobic synthetic materials such as nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, copolymers containing .a predominant proportion of vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride such as Vinyon (a copolymer of about 75 to 95% vinyl chloride with the balance of vinyl acetate), Dynel (copolymers of 60 to 85% vinyl chloride with the balance of acrylonitrile), Saran (copolymers of about 70 to 90% vinylidene chloride with a balance either of vinyl chloride or acrylonitrile), and acrylonitrile ploymers such as polyacrylonitrile itself or copolymers containing at least 75% by weight of acrylonitrile with vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridines, vinyl chloride, mixtures thereof, or the like. The sizing compositions are particularly valuable with yarns comprising such fibers or filaments because of their ability to adhere to the hydrophobic materials of which such yarns are composed. The compositions of the present invention may also be applied to yarns formed of blends of fibers or filaments comprising one or more of the above hydrophobic filamentary materials with themselves or natural or artificial fibers or filaments such as cotton, wool, silk, viscose rayon, cuprammonium rayon, cellulose acetate, and the like.
The copolymer salts of this invention may be applied to textiles, such as yarns, fibers, or filaments, threads or cords, felts, fabrics, or the like, to modify their properties and especially to render them more amenable to textile processing operations. The copolymers may be applied to threads or cords to protect them during sewing operations.
Copolymers of the present invention maybe mixed with hydrophilic polymeric colloids, Water-soluble or selfdispersible in water, such as starch, starch derivatives including chlorinated starch, starch esters including starch 4 acetate, starch ethers including particularly ethylene oxidemodified starches in which the starch is combined with l to 5% or more of its weight of ethylene oxide, dextrins, water-soluble cellulose others including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose; polyvinyl alcohols, gelatins, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetates which are water-dispersible or Water-soluble, casein, natural gums such as gum arabic and tragacanth. These water-dis persible colloids may be combined with the acrylic copoly mer in the proportions of 25 to by weight of the colloid to 75 to 5% respectively of the copolymer. They form compatible sizing coatings on yarns and are not degraded by the copolymer. There is no need for auxiliary dispersing agents in order to disperse both the copolymer and the colloid in water.
Coloring agents, such as dyes, anti-static agents, and auxiliary lubricating, softening, or conditioning agents may be incorporated but are not essential. For' cer,tain purposes, higher hydrocarbons, such as mineral'oil and paraffin wax and other lubricants, such as vegetable orv animal fats and oils, such as talloW, have been found advantageous when incorporated in an amount of l to 5% on the weight of the copolymer salt dispersion. Examples of preferred lubricants that may be used, without requiring an additional dispersing agent, and are compatible in the final sizing coating are ethylene oxide-modified long chain fatty acids, alcohols or amines such as those of 8 to 20 carbon atoms containing from 1 to 50 or more ethylene oxide units per mole of acid, alcohol or amine. For example, the condensation product of stearic acid with 2 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide may be used quite effectively. Other water-dispersible lubricants include sulfo nated oils, such as Turkey'Red Oil; and self-dispersible waxes, such as monostearin, and sorbitan mono-oleate modified with ethylene oxide. Dispersing agents may be included to assist the dispersion of certain lubricants, such as hydrocarbons and tallow.
The sizing composition may contain swelling or plasticizing agents for the material of which the fibers or filaments of the yarn is composed. In some cases, the use of such an agent markedly improves the adhesion of the sizing composition to the yarn and increases the weaving efliciency without decreasing the strength of the yarn and without interfering with subsequent removal of the size by scouring or, when a starch or starch derivative adjunct is present, by degrading with an enzyme and subsequent scouring. From 1 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of copolymer salt, of a swelling agent may be used in the sizing composition. Preferably 10 to 15% by weightof the swelling agent is employed, based on the weight of copolymer salt. The improved adhesion obtained when the swelling agent is added to the sizing compositions of the present invention is surprising since compositions obtained by the addition of a swelling agent to sizes containing starch or starch derivatives but no copolymer salt of the present invention have not been found to benefit in weaving efiiciency from such addition. The use of a swelling agent has been especially beneficial when sizing compositions are applied to polyester yarns of the polyethylene terephthalate type known as Dacron. The swelling agent used is selectedaocording to the particular material of which the yarn is composed. However, polyalkylene polyarnines, such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, and tetraethylenepentamine are generally useful and especially effective with polyethylene terephthalate yarns.
'The article obtained after application of the sizing composition of the present invention to the textile material and drying is essentially free from the disadvantage of developing static charges, loss of sizing material by transfer to guides or shedding, and it is free of deleterious corrosive effects on the metals of textile machinery.
Furthermore, the sizing material is readily removed by common scouring operations because of the ready dis- Example 1 An aqueous solution of 7.2% concentration of the ammonium salt of a copolymer of 20 mole percent acrylic acid and 80 mole percent ethyl acrylate, having a Knoop hardness of l, was introduced into the size box of a tworoll slasher. A warp of -75 denier, 34 filament poly- -"ethylene' terephthalate yarns each containing 17 turns of twist per inch was passed through the slasher at 50 yards "per minute and dried on the 7 drier cans thereof at 160 to 170 F. No sizing material stuck to the drier cans.
' The resulting yarn was woven into a marquisette fabric (56 x 40) without appreciable breakage of yarn or filaments or transfer of sizing to the shuttle. The size was readily removed from the fabric by scouring.
Example 2 An aqueous solution containing 17.5% of a waterdispersible ethylene oxide-modified starch (containing about 3% oxyethylene units based on the weight of starch and available under the tradename Penford Gum 260), 0.9% of a lubricant in the form of a solubilized tallow (sulfonated), and 4% of the copolymer of Example 1 was placed in the size box of a slasher. A warp of 100% spun nylon yarns, 16.5 cotton count, single ply, 18.2 turns of Z twist per inch was passed through the slasher and dried on the drying cans thereof at 190 to 210 F. No sizing material stuck to the dam. The size exhibited excellent adhesion to the yarns and very good fiber lay. The warp (containing 17% size on the initial weight of fabric) was then woven into a plain weave industrial fabric (44 x 44) without appreciable breakage of yarns or transfer of size to the shuttles. The size was readily removed on scouring.
Example 3 An aqueous solution containing 18% of the modified starch of Example 2 and 4.6% of the copolymer of Example 1 was introduced into the size box of a slasher. A Warp of a spun yarn of a copolymer of about 90% acrylonitrile available under the tradename Acrilan, 30 cotton count, single ply was passed through the slasher and dried on the cans thereof at 180 F. No sizing was retained on the cans. The size exhibited excellent adhesion to the yarns and very good fiber lay. The warp was then woven into a plain weave fabric without appreciable breakage of yarn or transfer of size to the shuttles. The size was readily removed on scouring.
Example 4 An aqueous solution of 12.5% of an ammonium salt of a copolymer of 80 mole percent ethyl acrylate and 20 mole percent methacrylic acid, having a Knoop hardness of about 4, was introduced into the size box of a two-roll slasher. A Warp (hereinbelow referred to as warp A) of single yarns (30 cotton count) of spun nylon was passed through the slasher and was dried by passage through a hot-air chamber.
cause yarn rupture is measured. The several sized yarns showed the following results:
Warp Cycles A 2,000 (average of 12 tests). B 88 to 170 (average of 12 tests). 0 140 to 170 (average of 12 tests).
Example 5 An aqueous solution of 2.5% of an ammonium salt of a copolymer of mole percent ethyl acrylate and 15 mole percent methacrylic acid (having a molecular weight of about 5200 and a Knoop hardness of 1.0) and 10% of the modified starch of Example 1 was put in a size box of a slasher. A warp of the same nylon yarn as in Example 4 was passed through the slasher and tested with the abrader referred to in Example 4. It withstood 1250 cycles.
Example 6 The same nylon yarn as in Example 4 was sized by passing through a 12.5% aqueous solution of the sodium salt of the copolymer of Example 1. It withstood 700 to 900 cycles of abrasion.
Example 7 The same nylon yarn as in Example 4 was sized by passing through a 12.5% aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of a copolymer of 80 mole percent butyl acrylate and 20 mole percent acrylic acid having a Knoop hardness of about 5. It withstood 400 cycles of abrasion.
Example 8 The same nylon yarn as in Example 4 was sized by passing through an aqueous solution of 2.5% of the ammonium salt of a copolymer of 75 mole percent ethyl acrylate, 5 mole percent butyl acrylate, and 20 mole percent methacrylic acid having a Knoop hardness of about 5 and 10% of the modified starch of Example 1. It withstood 430 cycles of abrasion.
Example 9 A continuous filament yarn of cellulose acetate was sized by passing through an aqueous solution of 5% of the ammonium salt of a copolymer of 75 mole percent ethyl acrylate, 20 mole percent butyl methacrylate and 5 mole percent acrylic acid having a Knoop hardness of about 7. The size adhered well to the yarn, and caused the filaments to adhere together firmly, producing a wellsized yarn adapted to be woven with facility.
Example 10 A spun yarn of Acrilan (a copolymer containing about acrylonitn'le) was sized by passing through an aqueous solution containing 20% of chlorinated starch and 5% of the ammonium salt of a copolymer of 80 mole percent propyl acrylate and 20 mole percent methacrylic acid having a Knoop hardness of about 6. The sized yarn did not stick to the drier cans, gave good fiber lay and coherence, and had excellent adhesion to the yarn.
Example 11 A spun polyethylene terephthalate yarn was sized by passingthrough an aqueous solution of 10% of polyvinyl alcohol and 5% of the ammonium salt of a copolymer of 70 mole percent ethyl acrylate, 10 mole percent lauryl acrylate and 20 mole percent methacrylic acid having a Knoop hardness of about 3. The sizing did not stick to the drying cans and produced a yarn which could be easily woven without appreciable yarn breakage or transfer of sizing to the shuttle.
Example 12 An aqueous solution containing 12.5% of a waterdispersible ethylene oxide-modified starch (containing about 3% oxyethylene units based on the weight of 3.1% ofthe copolymer of Example .1 ,wasplaced in the size box of a slasher. An endand end warp of spun Dacron yarns, 27 cottoncounntwoeply, having 19 turns of S twist per, inch in one set of the plied yarnsand 17 turns of Z twist in the alternate yarns was passed through the slasher and dried with heated air at 180 to 200 F. The size exhibited excellent adhesion to the yarns and weave 9.2 oz./yd. suiting fabric (50 x 44) without appreciable breakage of yarns or transfer of size to the shutties. The size was readily removed on scouring.
It is to be understood that variations and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
We claim:
1. As an article of manufacture, a dry, sized textile comprising hydrophobic filamentary material carrying thereon l to 20% by weight of a sizing composition comprising a water-dispcrsible saltof a cation of the class consisting of ammonium and alkali metals and of an anion of the class consisting of copolymers consisting exclusively of to 20 mole percent of at least one acid selected from acrylic and methacrylic acids with 80 to 95 1 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof to impart. to the copolymer a Knoop hardness of not over 7, said sizing being readily removable by common scouring operations.
2. An article as defined in claim .1 in which the textile material carries from 5 to byweight of said waterdispersible salt.
3. As an article of manufacture, a dry, sized textile yarn comprising hydrophobic filamentary material sized with 1 to by weight of a sizing composition comprising (1) a water-dispersible salt of a cation of the class consisting of ammonium and alkali metals and of an anion of the class consisting of copolymers consisting exclusively of 5 to 20 mole percent of at least one acid selected from acrylic and methacrylic acids with'80 to 95 mole percent of at least one ester selected from the group consisting of the acrylates and methacrylates of aliphatic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sufiicient proportion amounting to at least 50 mole percent of the total ester component of the copolymer salt being selected from acrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, methacrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof to impart to the copolymer a Knoop hardness of not over 7, and (2) a water-dispersible hydrophilic polymeric colloid, said sizing being readily removable by common scouring operations.
4. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the sizing comprises 5 to 75% of the water-dispersible salt and 95 to respectively of the colloid.
.8 5. .An article as defined in claim 4 in which the textile yarn carries from 5 to 10% by weight of said sizing.
6. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the salt .is an ammonium salt of a copolymer of 20 mole percent acrylic acid and mole percent ethyl acrylate.
7. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the salt is an ammonium salt of a copolymer of 20 mole percent :acrylic .acid and 80.:mole percent ethyl acrylate and the colloid is an :ethylene oxide-modified starch.
8." An article as defined in claim 3 in which the salt is an ammonium salt of a copolymer of 20 mole percent methacrylic acid and 80 mole percent ethyl acrylate.
9. .An article as defined in claim 3 in which the salt is'an ammonium salt of a copolymer of 15 mole percent methacrylic acid and mole percent ethyl acrylate.
10. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the salt is a sodium salt of a copolymer of 20 mole percent acrylic acid and 80 mole percent ethyl acrylate.
11. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the salt is an ammonium salt of a copolymer of 20 mole percent methacrylic acid, 75 mole percent ethyl acrylate, and 5 mole percent butyl acrylate.
12. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the textile is a nylon yarn.
13. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the textile is a spunnylon yarn.
14. An article as defined in claim 3 in which the textile is yarn spun of polyethylene terephthalate staple fibers.
15. An article asdefined in claim 3 in which the textile is yarn spun of copolymers of at least 75% by weight of acrylonitrile.
16. A method ofhandling a textile yarn comprising hydrophobic filamentary material comprising applying thereto a readily removable sizing comprising a waterdispersiblesalt of a cation of the class consisting of am- .monium and alkali metals and of an anion of the class consisting of copolymers consisting exclusively of 5 to 20 mole percent of at least one acid selected from acrylic and methacrylic acids with 80 to mole percent of at least one ester selected from the group consisting of the acrylates and methacrylates of aliphatic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sufficient proportion amounting to at least 50 mole percent of the total cster component of the copolymer salt being selected from acrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, methacrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof to impart to the copolymer a Knoop hardness of not over 7, said sizing being applied by impregnating the yarn with an aqueous dispersion containing about 1 to 25% by weight of said water-dispersible salt, drying the treated yarn, then fabricating the yarn into a textile material comprising interlocked yarns, and then scouring the textile material to remove the sizing therefrom.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,046,885 Strain July 7, 1936 2,183,226 Rein Dec. 12, 1939 2,244,702 Hubbuch June 10, 1941 2,244,703 Hubbuch June 10, 1941 2,244,704 Brubaker June 10, 1941 2,651,587 Rossin Sept. 8, 1953 2,653,140 Allenby et al Sept. 22, 1953
Claims (1)
16. A METHOD OF HANDLING A TEXTILE YARN COMPRISING HYDROPHOBIC FILAMENTARY MATERIAL COMPRISING APPLYING THERETO A READILY REMOVABLE SIZING COMPRISING A WATERDISPERSIBLE SALT OF A CATION OF THE CLASS CONSISTING OF AMMONIUM AND ALKALI METALS AND OF AN ANION OF THE CLASS CONSISTING OF COPOLYMERS CONSISTING EXCLUSIVELY OF 5 TO 20 MOLE PERCENT OF AT LEAST ONE ACID SELECTED FROM ACRYLIC AND METHACRYLIC ACIDS WITH 80 TO 95 MOLE PERCENT OF AT LEAST ONE ESTER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF THE ACRYLATES AND METHACRYLATES OF ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS HAVING FROM 1 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS, A SUFFICIENT PROPORTION AMOUNTING TO AT LEAST 50 MOLE PERCENT OF THE TOTAL ESTER COMPONENT OF THE COPOLYMER SALT BEING SELECTED FROM ACRYLATES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACYCLIC ALCOHOLS HAVING FROM 1 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS, METHACRYLATES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACYCLIC ALCOHOLS HAVING 6 TO 8 CARBON ATOMS, AND MIXTURES THEREOF TO IMPART TO THE COPOLYMER A KNOOP HARDNESS OF NOT OVER 7, SAID SIZING BEING APPLIED BY IMPREGNATING THE YARN WITH AN AQUEOUS DISPERSION CONTAINING ABOUT 1 TO 25% BY WEIGHT OF SAID WATER-DISPERSIBLE SALT, DRYING THE TREATED YARN THEN FABRICATING THE YARN INTO A TEXTILE MATERIAL COMPRISING INTERLOCKED YARNS, AND THEN SCOURING THE TEXTILE MATERIAL TO REMOVE THE SIZING THEREFROM.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NL197897D NL197897A (en) | 1954-06-14 | ||
NL197987D NL197987A (en) | 1954-06-14 | ||
NL90438D NL90438C (en) | 1954-06-14 | ||
US436687A US2807865A (en) | 1954-06-14 | 1954-06-14 | Sized textile and method of fabricating yarn into fabric |
GB16147/55A GB804952A (en) | 1954-06-14 | 1955-06-06 | Improvements in textiles and sizing compositions |
FR1132921D FR1132921A (en) | 1954-06-14 | 1955-06-09 | Finishing compositions for textiles |
CH338425D CH338425A (en) | 1954-06-14 | 1955-06-13 | Stable composition for finishing textiles |
DER16841A DE1042516B (en) | 1954-06-14 | 1955-06-14 | Resistant sizing or finishing agents |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US436687A US2807865A (en) | 1954-06-14 | 1954-06-14 | Sized textile and method of fabricating yarn into fabric |
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US2807865A true US2807865A (en) | 1957-10-01 |
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CH (1) | CH338425A (en) |
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Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2899341A (en) * | 1959-08-11 | Textile finishing process | ||
US2969791A (en) * | 1956-04-30 | 1961-01-31 | Bofors Ab | Rigid supporting dressing |
US2992943A (en) * | 1959-06-19 | 1961-07-18 | Eastman Kodak Co | Sizing compositions for textile yarns |
US3008215A (en) * | 1958-01-31 | 1961-11-14 | Du Pont | Antistatic textile material |
US3036537A (en) * | 1957-04-09 | 1962-05-29 | Marcus I Breier | Materials handling method |
US3236685A (en) * | 1962-06-20 | 1966-02-22 | Eastman Kodak Co | Process for treating textile fibers and other shaped products with coatings |
US3296023A (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1967-01-03 | Rockland Bleach And Dye Works | Fabric coated with light reflecting filler and acrylic polymer |
US3364164A (en) * | 1964-10-06 | 1968-01-16 | Gulf Oil Corp | Aqueous dispersion of hydrocarbonalkyl acrylate copolymer containing hydrophilic substituents, and a dispersing agent |
US3386938A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1968-06-04 | Du Pont | Acrylic wax abrasion resistant fiber finish composition |
US3503916A (en) * | 1965-08-13 | 1970-03-31 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Solutions of alkali-soluble copolymers |
US3607374A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1971-09-21 | Keuffel & Esser Co | Drafting film materials |
US3632422A (en) * | 1969-12-04 | 1972-01-04 | Burlington Industries Inc | Textile fabric having soil release finish and method of making same |
US3900606A (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1975-08-19 | Pennwalt Corp | Temporary soil release resins applied to fabrics by spraying |
US4394128A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1983-07-19 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method of sizing polyester yarn |
US4448839A (en) * | 1981-10-16 | 1984-05-15 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method of sizing hydrophobic yarn |
US5082896A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1992-01-21 | Milliken Research Corporation | Polymeric materials useful for sizing synthetic yarns to be used in water jet weaving |
US5354815A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1994-10-11 | Comfort Technologies | Polymers having enhanced hydrophilicity and thermal regulated properties and process of producing the same |
US5408012A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1995-04-18 | Comfort Technologies, Inc. | Polymers having enhanced durable hydrophilicity and durable rewetting properties and process of producing the same |
US5614598A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1997-03-25 | Comfort Technologies, Inc. | Polymers having enhanced hydrophilicity and thermal regulated properties and process of producing the same |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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NL277915A (en) * | 1961-05-04 | |||
US3634295A (en) * | 1968-07-24 | 1972-01-11 | Donald Thomas Dunlap | Textile sizing composition |
US4595394A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1986-06-17 | Kao Corporation | Agent for improving processability of cellulose fibers: acid polymer salts for improved scouring |
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US2244702A (en) * | 1938-04-16 | 1941-06-10 | Du Pont | Methacrylate polymerization products |
US2244704A (en) * | 1937-08-30 | 1941-06-10 | Du Pont | Sizing of textile materials |
US2244703A (en) * | 1938-04-16 | 1941-06-10 | Du Pont | Water soluble salts of interpolymers containing methacrylic acid |
US2651587A (en) * | 1947-06-02 | 1953-09-08 | Monsanto Chemicals | Treatment of textile materials |
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DE870688C (en) * | 1941-08-26 | 1953-03-16 | Roehm & Haas G M B H | Method of finishing |
-
0
- NL NL197897D patent/NL197897A/xx unknown
- NL NL90438D patent/NL90438C/xx active
- NL NL197987D patent/NL197987A/xx unknown
-
1954
- 1954-06-14 US US436687A patent/US2807865A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1955
- 1955-06-06 GB GB16147/55A patent/GB804952A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-06-09 FR FR1132921D patent/FR1132921A/en not_active Expired
- 1955-06-13 CH CH338425D patent/CH338425A/en unknown
- 1955-06-14 DE DER16841A patent/DE1042516B/en active Pending
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US2046885A (en) * | 1934-12-29 | 1936-07-07 | Du Pont | Textile material |
US2183226A (en) * | 1936-01-17 | 1939-12-12 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Sizing of textile materials |
US2244704A (en) * | 1937-08-30 | 1941-06-10 | Du Pont | Sizing of textile materials |
US2244702A (en) * | 1938-04-16 | 1941-06-10 | Du Pont | Methacrylate polymerization products |
US2244703A (en) * | 1938-04-16 | 1941-06-10 | Du Pont | Water soluble salts of interpolymers containing methacrylic acid |
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Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2899341A (en) * | 1959-08-11 | Textile finishing process | ||
US2969791A (en) * | 1956-04-30 | 1961-01-31 | Bofors Ab | Rigid supporting dressing |
US3036537A (en) * | 1957-04-09 | 1962-05-29 | Marcus I Breier | Materials handling method |
US3008215A (en) * | 1958-01-31 | 1961-11-14 | Du Pont | Antistatic textile material |
US2992943A (en) * | 1959-06-19 | 1961-07-18 | Eastman Kodak Co | Sizing compositions for textile yarns |
US3236685A (en) * | 1962-06-20 | 1966-02-22 | Eastman Kodak Co | Process for treating textile fibers and other shaped products with coatings |
US3296023A (en) * | 1964-03-11 | 1967-01-03 | Rockland Bleach And Dye Works | Fabric coated with light reflecting filler and acrylic polymer |
US3364164A (en) * | 1964-10-06 | 1968-01-16 | Gulf Oil Corp | Aqueous dispersion of hydrocarbonalkyl acrylate copolymer containing hydrophilic substituents, and a dispersing agent |
US3503916A (en) * | 1965-08-13 | 1970-03-31 | Dunlop Rubber Co | Solutions of alkali-soluble copolymers |
US3386938A (en) * | 1966-02-16 | 1968-06-04 | Du Pont | Acrylic wax abrasion resistant fiber finish composition |
US3607374A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1971-09-21 | Keuffel & Esser Co | Drafting film materials |
US3632422A (en) * | 1969-12-04 | 1972-01-04 | Burlington Industries Inc | Textile fabric having soil release finish and method of making same |
US3900606A (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1975-08-19 | Pennwalt Corp | Temporary soil release resins applied to fabrics by spraying |
US3909476A (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1975-09-30 | Pennwalt Corp | Temporary soil release resins applied to fabrics in laundering |
US4394128A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1983-07-19 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method of sizing polyester yarn |
US4448839A (en) * | 1981-10-16 | 1984-05-15 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method of sizing hydrophobic yarn |
US5082896A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1992-01-21 | Milliken Research Corporation | Polymeric materials useful for sizing synthetic yarns to be used in water jet weaving |
US5354815A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1994-10-11 | Comfort Technologies | Polymers having enhanced hydrophilicity and thermal regulated properties and process of producing the same |
US5614598A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1997-03-25 | Comfort Technologies, Inc. | Polymers having enhanced hydrophilicity and thermal regulated properties and process of producing the same |
US5408012A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1995-04-18 | Comfort Technologies, Inc. | Polymers having enhanced durable hydrophilicity and durable rewetting properties and process of producing the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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NL197897A (en) | |
GB804952A (en) | 1958-11-26 |
DE1042516B (en) | 1958-11-06 |
NL197987A (en) | |
NL90438C (en) | |
CH338425A (en) | 1959-05-31 |
FR1132921A (en) | 1957-03-19 |
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