US288726A - Method of producing compound felted and textile fabrics - Google Patents

Description

(ModeL) I J. OFFERMANN 821T. JEGLER.

METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOUND FELTEDAND TEXTILE FABRIU- No. 288,726. Patented Nov. 20, 1883.

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UNITED STATES J OHANN 'OFFERMANN AND THEODOR JEGLER, OF MUNICH,

GERMANY.

PATENT OFFICE.

BAVARIA,

METHOD OF PRODUCING COMPOUND FELTEDpAND TEXTILE FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 288,726, dated November 20, 1883.

Application filed January 27, 1883.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OHANN OFFERMANN and Tnnonon JEGLER, both of the city of Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Producing Oompound Felted and Textile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to an improved method of combining a layer or layers of or with each other byfirst subjecting the textile fabric to the action of steam of suitable pressure, then bringing. them in contact with the layer of felt, and then passing the fabrics between pressing and fulling rollsuntil the proper interfelting of the fabrics has taken place.

It consists, further, of textile fabrics in a which the warp-threads of one fabric cross those of the other fabric, united thereto at an angle of forty-five degrees, whereby the combined fabric has diagonally intersecting threads, and consequently increased strength and durability.

To illustrate our improved method of combining textile fabrics with each other or with y a layer of felt, the accompanying drawings and then passed continuously, from one to four (Model.)

This has the twofold purpose, first, to moisten the fabric sufficiently for the'following operations; and, secondly, to impart to the fine fibers on the surface of the fabric an erect po sition, so that they can be more intimately united with the fibers of the felt. The surface of the textile fabrics employed is preferably carded for this purpose, so that the adhesion of the layer of felt is augmented. After the textile fabric has been exposed to the action of steam, it is wound upon a roll, A, while the felt to be united thereto is placed upon a second roll, B. Both layers are passed between two pressure-rolls, O O, and thereby pressed firmly together. The layers are then passed through a bath in which good neutral or alkaline soap, from one to four pounds, more or less, has been dissolved in about twenty-five gallons of water. This solution is placed 111 an open vessel, D, within which are located 70 the guide-rolls a a a. The surplus solution taken up by the layers is removed by the rolls E E, which are arranged near the opposlte end of the vessel D, the layers being then oonducted to the drawing-rolls F F. When the entire length of the layers to be united has been passed through the solution in the vessel D and through the pressure-rolls E E, the extreme ends of the same are united by basting.

hours, through between the fullingrolls F F and over the guide-rolls b 12, whereby an intimate union of the fabric with the felt takes place. The compound fabric thus obtained is then worked up by a common fulling-mill, and washedand stretched on frames, and finally finished and dried as required.

The compound fabric can also be produced, but with less advantage, on a wadding-frame or on a cross-frame of any well-known construction. For this purpose the woolen felt is conducted from the carding-machine on an endless apron, and the carding machine stopped when sufficient material has been accumulated on the apron, The fabric is then placed on the fleece. If a cross-frame is employed, one of the two crossed felts is replaced by the textile fabric and the same crossed with the felt-fleece. In both cases the compound fabric is finally completed by interfelting, full-.

2 wen 2c ing, and finishing. All compound fabrics produced in this manner show as their characteristic features a textile fabric on one side and felt on the other side, so that they retain all the features of textile fabrics, while the felt serves to increase or re-enforce the thickness and body of the same.

The main feature of the method described consists in the fact that the union of the felt with the textile fabric takes place without any adhesive substance, and simply for the reason that the fine fibers which project from the sur face of the textile fabrics are interlocked with the fibers of the felt in so intimate a manner that they can only be separated by the use of considerable force. WVhen looser-woven, knit, or other fabrics are united with felt, they are finally so intimately connected therewith that the fibers of the felt penetrate through the textile fabric, so that a compound fabric results, which unites the properties of woven fabrics and of felt.

The compound fabric may also be made of two layers of fabric and an intermediate layer of felt, in which case the layer of felt forms the intermediate or uniting link.

It is not absolutely necessary to employ felt of pure wool, as all felts which are now manufactured, and which consist of a mixture of wool with vegetable or animal fibers of less value, can be employed.

By the method described it is also possible to unite woven fabrics, whether smooth or made in certain patterns, directly and without the use of adhesive substances, as the projecting fibers of the same unite themselves thereby so intimately that the separation of the same cannot take place.

It is a well-known fact that all textile fabrics, in most cases, tear in the direction of the warp or weft threads, but not in a diagonal direction. This fact can be made use of in uniting two layers of textile fabrics and obtaining thereby a compound fabric which cannot be torn in any direction, whereby greater durability of the garments made therefrom is the result. For this purpose the two textile fabrics, as shown in the diagram -in Fig. 2, are united by felting them together in such a manner that the warp-threads of one fabric intersect the warp-threads of the other fabric at an angle of about forty-five degrees, so that the compound fabric obtained thereby shows diagonally intercrossing threads in all directions,

and has thereby greater resistance against wear and tear.

It is obvious that a compound fabric formed of two diagonally-intersecting layers which are directly felted together may at either side thereof be furthermore re-enforced by a layer of felt, which is united therewith in the same manner and at the same operation.

Having thus described our invention, We claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A compound fabric consisting of a layer of woven fabric composed wholly or in part of feltable material and a layer of felted fabric, said layers being felted together, substantially as described.

2. A fabric consisting of two or more woven layers composed wholly or in part of feltable material, said layers being united by interfelting of their adjacent surfaces, substantially as described.

3. A compound fabric consisting of two or more woven layers,- each layer being composed wholly or in part of feltable material,

the surface fibers of said layers being united by interfelting of their adjacent surfaces, the warp-threads of one layer crossing the warpthreads of the adjacent layer, substantially as described.

4. The method of producing a compound fabric, which consists in first subjecting a sheet of woven fabric composed wholly or in part of feltable material to the action of steam, then pressing a sheet of felted fabric in contact therewith, and then subjecting the said sheets to a fulling operation, substantially" as de scribed.

5. The method of producing a compound fabric, which consists in first subjecting two or more sheets of woven fabric composed wholly or in part of feltable material to the action of steam, then pressing said sheets together, and then subjecting the united sheets to a fulling operation, substantially as described.

In tcstimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention we have signed our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHANN OFFERMANN. THEODOR J EGLER.

\Vitnesses:

J os. \V. HARPER, EMIL HENZEL.

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