US2913009A - Internal and internal-external surface heat exchange tubing - Google Patents
Internal and internal-external surface heat exchange tubing Download PDFInfo
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- US2913009A US2913009A US598070A US59807056A US2913009A US 2913009 A US2913009 A US 2913009A US 598070 A US598070 A US 598070A US 59807056 A US59807056 A US 59807056A US 2913009 A US2913009 A US 2913009A
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- Prior art keywords
- tube
- internal
- heat exchange
- inner tube
- outer tube
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/003—Multiple wall conduits, e.g. for leak detection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2210/00—Heat exchange conduits
- F28F2210/06—Heat exchange conduits having walls comprising obliquely extending corrugations, e.g. in the form of threads
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
- Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
- Y10T29/49382—Helically finned
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
- Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
- Y10T29/49384—Internally finned
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49879—Spaced wall tube or receptacle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
- Y10T29/49927—Hollow body is axially joined cup or tube
Definitions
- This invention relates :to .heat exchange tubing and refers more particularly tointernal andinternal-external surface heat exchange tubing.
- the tubing in heat exchangeinstallations is often times provided with an external fin surface to increase the heat transfercharacteristics of the tubing.
- the construction of heat exchange tubing with an external fin surface is done primarily with prefabricated fins bonded mechanically or metallurgically to a :smooth surfaced tube.
- Other finned tubing -.- is produced with integral fins or corrugations on the external surface. It has been found, after much experimentation, that heat exchange tubing which is corrugated on the inside, either in addition to or in place of external fins, greatly increases the heat transfer between theroutside and inside fluids.
- One object of this invention is to provide heat exchange tubing which is corrugated on the internal surface so as to produce turbulence of the fluid within the tube and promote better heat transfer between the inside and outside fluids.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a tube assemblycomprising an outer tube and an inner tube positioned within the outer tube which is corrugated on the innersurface.
- Another-object of the invention is to provide a tube assembly comprising an outer tube and an inner tube telescoped within theouter tube in heat exchange relation therewith, the inner tube being corrugated. to impart to the inner tube an undulating configuration in longitudinal section.
- Still another object of the invention is to provide a heat exchange tube assembly, as described in the preceding paragraph, in which the outer tube has fins on its outer surface to cooperate with the inner tube in promoting better heat transfer between inside and outside fluids.
- Figure 1 is an elevational view, partly in section, of a heat exchange tube assembly embodying the invention.
- Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, illustrating a modification.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a further modification.
- the tube assembly there shown is generally indicated by the reference numeral and comprises an outer tube 12 and an inner tube 14 telescoped within the outer tube in coaxial relationship therewith, these tubes being formed of a suitable material having good heat transfer characteristics.
- the outer tube '12 is .cylindrical, that is, the radially inner and outer surfaces thereof areof uniform. circular cross-section throughoutzthelengthof the tubeand, therefore, smooth.
- inner tube 14 maybe formed by other means.
- the corrugated intermediate portion 20 has an un dulating configuration in longitudinal section as illustrated.
- the intermediate portion has a helical radiallyinwardly extending corrugation 22, each convolution of the corrugation being indicated at 24.
- the undulating configuration also provides, in effect, a helical radially outwardly extending corrugation 26, each convolution of which is indicated at 28.
- the crests 32 of the convolutions 24 are of the same inside diameter. It should also be pointed out that the inner tube 14 is of uniform wall thickness from one end to the other.
- the tubes 12 and 14 are :assembled together by inserting the -inner tube within the outer tube and then-sinking the outer tube on the inner tube. or metallurgical contact of the two tubes is thereby achieved with the crests 30 of the convolutions 28-of'the' inner tube contacting the smoothinternal surface of the Preferably, the crests 30 have a full and continuous contact with :the smooth internal surfaceof Outer tube.
- a heat exchange tube assembly having a substantial helical corrugation on the inside and producing turbulence in a fluid moving through the corrugated portion of the inner tube, and, hence, promoting better heat transfer with a fluid on the outer side of the tube assembly.
- the continuous and uninterrupted contact between the crests 30 of the inner tube and the smooth inner surface of the outer tube also promotes heat transfer.
- the degree of turbulence may be controlled by varying the shape of the convolutions of the corrugation on the inner tube.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a modification in which corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals.
- the inner tube 114 is exactly like the inner tube 14 described in the first embodiment.
- the outer tube 112 differs from the outer tube 12 previously described in that it has an integral fin 115 formed on the external surface, the fin extending helically and continuously about the outer surface of the tube.
- the crests of the corrugations on the inner tube have a continuous and uninterrupted contact with the smooth inner cylindrical surface of the outer tube 112, thus achieving a mechanical or metallurgical contact between the tubes which may be accomplished in any suitable manner.
- the fin 115 is shown as being formed integrally on Patented :Nov- 1 11. 59
- the fin may be prefabricated and bonded mechanically or metallurgically to the outer surface of a smooth cylindrical tube such as the tube 12.
- the desired inside-outside surface ratio may be obtained for optimum heat transfer.
- Figure 3 illustrates a further modification in which corresponding parts are designed by the same reference numerals.
- the outer tube 212 is exactly like the outer tube 112.
- the inner tube 214 differs from the inner tubes 14 and 114 only in the shape of the corrugated portion 220.
- the corrugated portion 220 is formed of a plurality of circumferentially extending longitudinally spaced radially inward corrugations 224 which are disposed in a plane at right angles to the tube axis.
- the corrugations 224 are similar to the convolutions 24 shown in the previous embodiments except that whereas the convolution-s 24 extend helically and connect end to end into adjacent convolutions to provide a continuous helical corrugation, the corrugations 224 are separate and spaced from each other.
- the undulating configuration of the corrugated portion 22 also provides, in effect, radially outwardly extending corrugations 228 between adjacent corrugations 224, the corrugations 228 being disposed in planes at right angles to
- the crests 230 of the corrugations 228 are of the same outside diameter and are of the same diameter as the outside diameter of the cylindrical plain end portions of the inner tube.
- the crests 232 of the corrugations 224 are of the same inside diameter and the tube 214 is of uniform wall thickness from one end to the other.
- the tubes 212 and 214 are assembled together in any suitable manner so that "a mechanical or metallurgical contact of the two tubes is achieved with the crests 230 of the corrugations 228 contacting the smooth internal surface of the outer tube.
- the crests 230 have a full and continuous contact with the smooth internal surface of the outer tube.
- the external surfaces of the plane end portions of the tube also have a full and continuous surface-to-surface contact with the smooth internal surface of the outer tube.
- the plain tube 12 might be substituted for the 4 finned tube 212, in which event the crests 230 and external surfaces of the ends of the inner tube would have a full continuous and uninterrupted surface-to-surface contact with the smooth inner surface of the outer tube 12.
- a heat exchange tube assembly for use in a heat exchanger, said assembly comprising an outer tube having smooth cylindrical radially inner and outer surfaces, and an inner tube telescope coaxially within said outer tube in heat exchange relationship therewith, said inner tube being so corrugated as to have an undulating configurationin longitudinal section except at the ends thereof, the crests of the undulations being in full and continuous surface-to-surface contact with the radially inner surface of said outer tube, the interior of said inner tube, from the axis thereof radially outward, being in direct open communication with the undulating inner surface of said inner tube and the undulations being such that substantial turbulence is produced in fluid moving axially through said inner tube, each of the opposite ends of said inner tube having a smooth cylindrical radially outer surface which throughout its entire circumference is in full and continuous surface-to-surface contact with the radially inner surface of said outer tube to isolate the space between said tubes.
Description
C. H. KUTHE Nov. 17, 1959 INTERNAL AND INTERNAL-EXTERNAL SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGE TUBING Filed July 16, 1956 FIGJ.
INVENTOR.
CHARLES H.KUTHE ATTORNEYS United States Patent INTERNAL AND INTERNAL-EXTERNAL SURFACE HEAT EXCHANGE TUBING Charles H. Kuthe, Highland Park, Mich., assignor t 0 Calumet.& Hecla, Inc., Calumet, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application July 16, 1956, Serial No. 598,070
1 .Claim. .(Cl. 138-38) This invention relates :to .heat exchange tubing and refers more particularly tointernal andinternal-external surface heat exchange tubing.
The tubing in heat exchangeinstallations is often times provided with an external fin surface to increase the heat transfercharacteristics of the tubing. The construction of heat exchange tubing with an external fin surface is done primarily with prefabricated fins bonded mechanically or metallurgically to a :smooth surfaced tube. Other finned tubing -.-is produced with integral fins or corrugations on the external surface. It has been found, after much experimentation, that heat exchange tubing which is corrugated on the inside, either in addition to or in place of external fins, greatly increases the heat transfer between theroutside and inside fluids.
One object of this invention is to provide heat exchange tubing which is corrugated on the internal surface so as to produce turbulence of the fluid within the tube and promote better heat transfer between the inside and outside fluids.
Another object of the invention is to provide a tube assemblycomprising an outer tube and an inner tube positioned within the outer tube which is corrugated on the innersurface.
Another-object of the invention is to provide a tube assembly comprising an outer tube and an inner tube telescoped within theouter tube in heat exchange relation therewith, the inner tube being corrugated. to impart to the inner tube an undulating configuration in longitudinal section.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a heat exchange tube assembly, as described in the preceding paragraph, in which the outer tube has fins on its outer surface to cooperate with the inner tube in promoting better heat transfer between inside and outside fluids.
Other objects are to provide a tube assembly as described in which the inner tube has a helical corrugation extending over a portion of its length, and in which the inner tube has a plurality of longitudinally spaced circumferentially extending corrugations.
Other objects of the invention will become more apparent as the following description proceeds, especially when taken into consideration with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is an elevational view, partly in section, of a heat exchange tube assembly embodying the invention.
Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, illustrating a modification.
Figure 3 illustrates a further modification.
Referring now more particularly to the drawing and especially to Figure 1 thereof, the tube assembly there shown is generally indicated by the reference numeral and comprises an outer tube 12 and an inner tube 14 telescoped within the outer tube in coaxial relationship therewith, these tubes being formed of a suitable material having good heat transfer characteristics. The tube=assembly 10 is-adapted to be employed in .a heatexchange;
installation.
The outer tube '12 is .cylindrical, that is, the radially inner and outer surfaces thereof areof uniform. circular cross-section throughoutzthelengthof the tubeand, therefore, smooth.
outer surface of the tube to form a helical groove in the tube while at the same time feeding .the tube-axially However, as pointed out: above, the
and rotating it. inner tube 14 maybe formed by other means.
The corrugated intermediate portion 20 has an un dulating configuration in longitudinal section as illustrated. The intermediate portion has a helical radiallyinwardly extending corrugation 22, each convolution of the corrugation being indicated at 24. The undulating configuration also provides, in effect, a helical radially outwardly extending corrugation 26, each convolution of which is indicated at 28.
The crests 30of the convolutions 28'are'of the sameoutside diameter and are of the same diameter as the outside diameter of the cylindrical plain end portions 16- and 18. The crests 32 of the convolutions 24 are of the same inside diameter. It should also be pointed out that the inner tube 14 is of uniform wall thickness from one end to the other.
The tubes 12 and 14 are :assembled together by inserting the -inner tube within the outer tube and then-sinking the outer tube on the inner tube. or metallurgical contact of the two tubes is thereby achieved with the crests 30 of the convolutions 28-of'the' inner tube contacting the smoothinternal surface of the Preferably, the crests 30 have a full and continuous contact with :the smooth internal surfaceof Outer tube.
the .outer tube throughout the full .extentof the corrugated portion. Theexternal surfaces of the plain end portions- 16 and 18 are also brought into full and continuous surface-to-surface contact with the smooth internal surface of the outer tube by the sinking operation.
As a result of this construction, a heat exchange tube assembly is provided having a substantial helical corrugation on the inside and producing turbulence in a fluid moving through the corrugated portion of the inner tube, and, hence, promoting better heat transfer with a fluid on the outer side of the tube assembly. The continuous and uninterrupted contact between the crests 30 of the inner tube and the smooth inner surface of the outer tube also promotes heat transfer. The degree of turbulence may be controlled by varying the shape of the convolutions of the corrugation on the inner tube.
Figure 2 illustrates a modification in which corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. The inner tube 114 is exactly like the inner tube 14 described in the first embodiment. The outer tube 112 differs from the outer tube 12 previously described in that it has an integral fin 115 formed on the external surface, the fin extending helically and continuously about the outer surface of the tube. The crests of the corrugations on the inner tube have a continuous and uninterrupted contact with the smooth inner cylindrical surface of the outer tube 112, thus achieving a mechanical or metallurgical contact between the tubes which may be accomplished in any suitable manner.
The fin 115 is shown as being formed integrally on Patented :Nov- 1 11. 59
A mechanical at the outer tube although it will be understood that the fin may be prefabricated and bonded mechanically or metallurgically to the outer surface of a smooth cylindrical tube such as the tube 12.
By varying height and linear spacing of the convolutions of the fin on the outer tube, and also by varying the shape of the corrugation on the inner tube, the desired inside-outside surface ratio may be obtained for optimum heat transfer.
.Figure 3 illustrates a further modification in which corresponding parts are designed by the same reference numerals. The outer tube 212 is exactly like the outer tube 112. The inner tube 214 differs from the inner tubes 14 and 114 only in the shape of the corrugated portion 220. The corrugated portion 220 is formed of a plurality of circumferentially extending longitudinally spaced radially inward corrugations 224 which are disposed in a plane at right angles to the tube axis. The corrugations 224 are similar to the convolutions 24 shown in the previous embodiments except that whereas the convolution-s 24 extend helically and connect end to end into adjacent convolutions to provide a continuous helical corrugation, the corrugations 224 are separate and spaced from each other. The undulating configuration of the corrugated portion 22!) also provides, in effect, radially outwardly extending corrugations 228 between adjacent corrugations 224, the corrugations 228 being disposed in planes at right angles to the tube axis.
The crests 230 of the corrugations 228 are of the same outside diameter and are of the same diameter as the outside diameter of the cylindrical plain end portions of the inner tube. The crests 232 of the corrugations 224 are of the same inside diameter and the tube 214 is of uniform wall thickness from one end to the other.
The tubes 212 and 214 are assembled together in any suitable manner so that "a mechanical or metallurgical contact of the two tubes is achieved with the crests 230 of the corrugations 228 contacting the smooth internal surface of the outer tube. Preferably, the crests 230 have a full and continuous contact with the smooth internal surface of the outer tube. The external surfaces of the plane end portions of the tube also have a full and continuous surface-to-surface contact with the smooth internal surface of the outer tube.
It will be readily apparent that in the Figure 3 embodiment, the plain tube 12 might be substituted for the 4 finned tube 212, in which event the crests 230 and external surfaces of the ends of the inner tube would have a full continuous and uninterrupted surface-to-surface contact with the smooth inner surface of the outer tube 12.
The drawings and the foregoing specification constitute a description of the improved internal and internal-external surface heat exchange tubingin such full, clear, concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, the scope of which is indicated by the appended claim.
What I claim as my invention is:
A heat exchange tube assembly for use in a heat exchanger, said assembly comprising an outer tube having smooth cylindrical radially inner and outer surfaces, and an inner tube telescope coaxially within said outer tube in heat exchange relationship therewith, said inner tube being so corrugated as to have an undulating configurationin longitudinal section except at the ends thereof, the crests of the undulations being in full and continuous surface-to-surface contact with the radially inner surface of said outer tube, the interior of said inner tube, from the axis thereof radially outward, being in direct open communication with the undulating inner surface of said inner tube and the undulations being such that substantial turbulence is produced in fluid moving axially through said inner tube, each of the opposite ends of said inner tube having a smooth cylindrical radially outer surface which throughout its entire circumference is in full and continuous surface-to-surface contact with the radially inner surface of said outer tube to isolate the space between said tubes.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,005,441 Lovekin Oct. 10, 1911 1,564,446 Rhoads Dec. 8, 1925 1,818,082 Mott Y Aug. 11, 1931 1,913,573 Turner June 13, 1933 2,118,060 Stone et al. May 24, 1938 2,271,131 Price Jan. 27, 1942 2,374,609 McCollum Apr. 24, 1945 2,456,775 Fausek et al. Dec. 21, 1948 2,820,615 Peters Jan. 21, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 684,602 Great Britain Dec. 24, 1952
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US598070A US2913009A (en) | 1956-07-16 | 1956-07-16 | Internal and internal-external surface heat exchange tubing |
FR1176643D FR1176643A (en) | 1956-07-16 | 1957-06-11 | Heat exchange tube set |
DEC15083A DE1094775B (en) | 1956-07-16 | 1957-06-27 | Heat exchanger tube with a corrugated tube inserted inside an outer tube and in contact with it |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US598070A US2913009A (en) | 1956-07-16 | 1956-07-16 | Internal and internal-external surface heat exchange tubing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2913009A true US2913009A (en) | 1959-11-17 |
Family
ID=24394112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US598070A Expired - Lifetime US2913009A (en) | 1956-07-16 | 1956-07-16 | Internal and internal-external surface heat exchange tubing |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2913009A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1094775B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1176643A (en) |
Cited By (67)
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US3196905A (en) * | 1962-11-06 | 1965-07-27 | Walker Mfg Co | Exhaust system |
US3521866A (en) * | 1964-07-03 | 1970-07-28 | Still Fa Carl | Coking apparatus tube construction |
US3612175A (en) * | 1969-07-01 | 1971-10-12 | Olin Corp | Corrugated metal tubing |
US3730229A (en) * | 1971-03-11 | 1973-05-01 | Turbotec Inc | Tubing unit with helically corrugated tube and method for making same |
US3777343A (en) * | 1971-03-11 | 1973-12-11 | Spiral Tubing Corp | Method for forming a helically corrugated concentric tubing unit |
US3826304A (en) * | 1967-10-11 | 1974-07-30 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Advantageous configuration of tubing for internal boiling |
US3930627A (en) * | 1973-10-03 | 1976-01-06 | Summa Corporation | Radiation shielding and gas diffusion apparatus |
US4050250A (en) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-09-27 | Eaton Corporation | Heat transfer element |
US4118944A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1978-10-10 | Carrier Corporation | High performance heat exchanger |
DE2842249A1 (en) * | 1977-09-29 | 1979-04-05 | Spiral Tubing Corp | SCREW-SHAPED CORRUGATED PIPE WITH CORRUGATIONS OF DIFFERENT DEPTH AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
EP0052522A2 (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1982-05-26 | New Zealand Dairy & Industrial Supplies Limited | An enhanced surface tube |
US4337824A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-07-06 | Amtrol | Double wall heat exchanger |
US4348794A (en) * | 1978-05-05 | 1982-09-14 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Double-walled finned heat transfer tube |
US4546819A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-10-15 | Amtrol Inc. | Double wall heat exchanger |
US4559999A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1985-12-24 | Shiley, Inc. | Heat exchanger for extracorporeal circuit |
DE9114252U1 (en) * | 1991-11-15 | 1992-01-09 | Hewing Gmbh, 4434 Ochtrup, De | |
US5390494A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1995-02-21 | Ap Parts Manufacturing Company | Pipe assembly for efficient light-off of catalytic converter |
US6096068A (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2000-08-01 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Selective organ cooling catheter and method of using the same |
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US6491039B1 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 2002-12-10 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Medical procedure |
US6491716B2 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2002-12-10 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Method and device for applications of selective organ cooling |
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US6558412B2 (en) | 1998-01-23 | 2003-05-06 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Selective organ hypothermia method and apparatus |
US6576002B2 (en) | 1998-03-24 | 2003-06-10 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Isolated selective organ cooling method and apparatus |
US6585752B2 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 2003-07-01 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Fever regulation method and apparatus |
US6595967B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2003-07-22 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Collapsible guidewire lumen |
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US6602276B2 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2003-08-05 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Method and device for performing cooling- or cryo-therapies for, e.g., angioplasty with reduced restenosis or pulmonary vein cell necrosis to inhibit atrial fibrillation |
US6648906B2 (en) | 2000-04-06 | 2003-11-18 | Innercool Therapies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for regulating patient temperature by irrigating the bladder with a fluid |
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Also Published As
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FR1176643A (en) | 1959-04-14 |
DE1094775B (en) | 1960-12-15 |
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