US2918674A - Gun for fastener projectile - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 29, 1959 M. sKuMAwlTz GUN FOR iFAs'rENER PROJECTILE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 1, 1954 YN N4 Dec. 29, 1959 M. sKuMAwrrz 'GUN FOR FASTENER PRoJEcTILE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 1, 1954 w. MM mw, NM mm Wm Wl, l x K m mw, lwil \\M\M\\\\\ l w uw MM ww mm mmm wm MM Mw,

M. SKUMAWITZ GUN FOR FASTENER PROJECTILE Dec. 29, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 1, 1954 INVEN TOR. vMAX SKUMAWWZ,

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Dec. 29, 1959 Y M. sKuMAwlTz GUN FOR FASTENER PROJECTILE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 1, 1954 INVENTOR. JZE SKUMWL/ZZ Dec. 29, 1959 M. sKuMAwlTz GUN Foa FASTENER PROJECTILE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 1. 1954 Q vv x www N N Nk,

N KN NNMN kmh/NK, MQQW W INVENTOR. ZK/HX SKUMWJZ v BY M 2 States Patent 2,918,674 GUN FOR FASTENER PROJECTILE Max Skumawitz, Lintorf, Germany, assgnor to Bossong- Werk G'.m.b.H., Lintorf, Germany, a German firm Application December 1, 1954, Serial No. 472,393 Claims priority, application Germany December 28, 1953 Claims. (Cl. 1-106) The invention relates to a gun for impelling fastener projectiles, for use in imbedding bolts or studs or other fastening means into a solid mass, such as concrete walls or steel plates, or the like. It relates more particularly to such a gun which has a sleeve and a barrel axially shiftable relative to each other, for instance as disclosed in the patent of Carl Bossong, Patent No. 2,705,323, dated April 5, 1955.

Guns of the aforementioned type now in use, though reliable, are deficient therein that the cartridge exchange is somewhat complicated and thus requires the services of an experienced operator. Furthermore, such guns heretofore constructed are liable to give rise to hazards on those occasions when the gun is applied at an angle to the surface of the material into which the bolt is to be impelled, as the operator may be endangered by parts of the material that may be split olf by the impact of the projectile.

The invention has therefore among its objects to provide a gun of this type that requires no special skill for rapid loading and ejection of the empty cartridge, andv that is safe to use irrespective of the angle of the gunas applied to the material.

With the above and other objects of the invention in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination of various devices, elements and parts, as set forth in the claims hereof, one embodiment .of the same being illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing' and described in the specification.

Generally speaking, this is accomplished in accordance with the invention by arranging an opening in the side ofthe sleeve which in certain positions of the gun parts aiords manual access to the seat of the cartridge in the rear of the barrel, without any need either to disassemble the gun,or to swing the gun parts laterally as proposed in the aforementioned patent. 'The instant gun is furthermore provided with a safety device by which the gun is rendered incapable to be fired if the angle of attack surpasses a permissible value.

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein f Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, of a gun in accordance with the invention, shown in the loading position;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view, partly in section, of the same;

Fig. 3 is a large scale fragmentary plan View, partly in section, similar to Fig. 2, but showing the parts in theforward-most position subsequent to fring;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view, similar to Fig. l, but showing the parts in positionfor applying the gun against'the material whichds to receive the projectile;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of an arcuate cam slot illustrated, however, in rectification;

7 Fig.y 6 is a sectional v1ew, taken on hne 66 of Fig.

4, showing the locking parts unlocked;

2,918,674 Patented Dec. 29, 1959 Fig. 7 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 6, but showing the locking parts locked;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view, similar to Fig. 1, but showing the parts in firing position;

Fig. 10 is a large scale extended perspective view of the ejection mechanism of Figs. 2 and 3;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 4, but showing the parts after the operator has pressed the gun against an object, but while the locking parts are still in the unlocked position of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. l1, but showing the locking parts in the locked position of Fig. 7, the gun being in a. ready to lire position before the continued pressure of the operator has brought it into the firing position of Fig. 9.

In carrying the invention into effect in one of the embodiments which has been selected for illustration in the accompanying drawings and for description in this specification, and referring now particularly to Fig. 1, there is provided a housing generally indicated at 11, that carries on its forward end 12 in threaded engagement an apertured cover 13. To the rear end 14 of the housing 11 there is secured, for instance by screws 16, a handle 17'.

A barrel assembly 18 is provided that is arranged coaxially of the housing 11. The barrel assembly 18 and the housing 11 are movable axially relative to each other. The barrel assembly 18 includes a body or body section 19, and a barrel 21 the rear end of which is in threaded engagement with the forward end of the body 19. The body 19 is arrangedL slidableon the internal surface of the housing 11, enabling the housing 11 to move relative to the barrel assembly 18. v y

An axial bore 22 is provided on Athe interior of the [barrel 21, and forms a passageway for the projectile (not shown). Aligned with the bore 22 there is formed in the body 19 a bore 23 that forms a seat for receiving a cartridge 25 (Fig. l0). j v

When the gun is loaded, the cartridge 25 will be seated in the bore 23, and the projectile positioned adjacent the cartridge in the` bore 22, so that upon actuation of the cartridge 25 the projectile will be expelled forwardly' in direct-ion A through, and out of, the bore, 22.

The bore 23 is provided near its Vrear end with'an enlarged portion 24 to receive the flange of the shell of the cartridge 25. An ejection mechanism is pro-fvided, generally indicated at 26, for ejecting the empty shell of the cartridge from the vseat'and out of the gun.' This will be explained below.

The central part of the barrel 21 carries on `the exterior an annular casing 27- that is threaded to the barrel 21 at 28. The casing Z7 is spaced from the outer surface of the barrel 21 and defines therewith an annular gas expansion chamber 29. The casing 27 is surrounded by a circular central bore 31 ofthe cover 13, that serves as a journal guiding the housing 11 on the casing 27. They Near the front endof the barrel 19 there is mounted' externally on the casing 27 a sliding sleeve 33, that is slid-K able inthe opposite directions A and B on the casing 27.A

On the sliding sleeve 33 there is secured a safety shield 34 that is movable together with the sliding sleeve 33.

A dog 36 is secured,v to'the barrel 21 and serves as aj.

forward abutment for the safety shield 34,

A rst compression spring 37 is inserted between I' o forward face of the body 19 and the rearward surface of the cover 13, and a second compression spring 38 opcrates between the frontward surface of the cOver 13 and the rearward surface'of the safety shield-34. Saids'econd' the housing 11 inthe direction B relative ofr lthe barrel spring .38'urg'es the safety rshield 34 forwardly iny direcytion` A into abutment'witli the* dog .3G-,and thereby urges.

` cartridge-2.5 Iwill automatically be' discharged 'through the l I v relative ito Athe barrel assembly-18M l l The 'aforementioned ejectionme'chanismiZ. `ncludes 'an elongated sliding element 39 that is 'slidinglyf arranged in a corresponding recess.41 that formed in:A the ein termal; cylindrical 'surface 'of the'body'19;r Near its rearward'fe'nd', the sliding element' 39 carries an 'ejectorv 42 f shown'n Fig. i2; theejectorfzispsitioned-in arecess 1 44'that is formed in the rearward` face of the body 19, f

l andin that norrnal rest'positionthe'shoulder 43 is disposed yforwardly of the flange? of the shell of:y the` cartridge 25 which rests in the enlarged portion 24 'The slidingl ele-r nient' 39 has alforward face 46'an`d" an intermediate face v 47,r i vBetween the faces 4'6` and47- there extends ai central slot 48.y A tension' spring 49 is yconme'cted yto said interv v mediate: face :47 of Asairl'fsliding :elementil 39`Land to the v front face 'of the body l19; andi is .disposed in the` slot 48'.

As will be expiained below, the housing 311y ispushed -frontwardlyfinzdirection-A against-the power of the spring the handle :may-have areindicated in. Fig., 5, vbered with Roman numerals: v v f In the normal loading 'position (shown inv4 Fig.k 17)', the v handle 61:stands-aal; `Itinay; bernoved from that posiv v tion either tothe position 1I (shown in-Fig.` il), or-totheposition llI (shown'in Fig. yl2), and either; of'fthesel v l l ,33, prior tothe firing.. After the tiring,l and upon: release: i

' 38. will force 'the mtiiOIlBtiv During the'said rearwardy movementof the: housing "11i l .under the. pressure of the Aspring 38, the sliding. element 139 will remain ati standstill with :the body 19;owingto: l

the connection thereto bythe spring 49'. A 'short' distance l -B-iagainsty the front facer 46 ofthe. element 39. rliuring l j lthe ensuing completion lof, the rearward movement: ofthe housing 1-1` to the rearwardmost i position of Fig. v 3', l thel l Slidingl element 39,-owing to the abutment by the flange 51, will also move rearwardly with the housing 11. By thismovement, the shoulder 43 of the ejector 42 will move the cartridge 25 rearwardly from the position of Fig. 2 t'o that `of Fig. 3, and the cartridge will thereby be ex` t'r'acted rearwardly out ofits emplacement in the body 19.

Following the return of the housing 11 into the normal loading position, the spring 49wil1 return the element 39 to its normal place to position the ejector 42 again entirely within the recess 44.

Near the rear end of the body 19 there are formed integrally therewith lugs S2. I To therear of the body 19 there is-` arranged on the interior ofthe housing 11 a locking element or locklng member 53 which is movable axially of the housing 11 and is rotatable about its axis. The locking element 53 has a central bore 54 in which there is disposed a slidablerlng pin 56. The ring pin 56 and the cartridge 25 are disposed axially of the housing 11 and are aligned. The rlng pin 56 has an enlarged rear flange that denes the .forwardmost position of the front end` of the pin 56 1n which the front end projects slightly beyond the front face ofthe locking element 53.

Neariits forward end, the locking element 53 has lugs 57 that are arranged to cooperate with the lugs 52 of the body 19 for interlocking the locking element 53 with the body `19.` In the loading position (Fig. 1), the lockmg element 53 is spaced from the rear end of the body 19 "fo1A a distance b.

Inthe housing 11 there `isprovideda lateral opening 58" which; in the `normal position! of the body-19 'and ofthelocking element53 (asl shown inl Figs, 1, and 2), is

` l .before the: lhousing. 11A reaches vthe rearwardmost posi-y 'f ,tion (Fig.l 3), however, :the rear :face ofi ga; ange :511 i i that forms part ofthe' cover 13E will vabut iin vthe direction unobstructed ,by these parts. Accordingly, when the ejec-` toi" 42 removes the cartridge 25 from itsemplacement, the

v by the operator, as explained'further'below, ithespring f .housing l11V rearwardly, vin the direc- 30 opening 58".v i Likewise,y a new .cartridge may: 'be placed l :intoythe bore 23 by inserting it manually"through-thev opening `58 andA placing it in .the .bore l23.

f The movement of the locking element `53isguided by: guidingmeans, such as a cam and a cam follower arrange-v "menu This arrangement; includes ,a Acam slot 59 that is n v f rout in thelateral wall of thehousing 11 oppositely-relative.

.to the wall which has thei openingt. Al pin 61r acts as'theieam-follower: and is secured .tol the; lockingmemj f ber 53 and extends througlilthe slot59 to the exterior and; l

carries on its vfree end." a handle 62. The 'positionsy that movements results: in a rotation of. the locking ,element 53v 20 v about :its axis for; a fractonofatfullf term.- In eitherl of. i the positions II (Fig. il) and ULG-iig, l2) the pin; 61l may v l --be movedlongitudinally ofi the. axis relative toethe hous- :normally inthe position I, the'` slot 59fhassnearfthat :posi-l l l l tion a restricted portion 'Byl mov-ing thel prin.` 61- .face of' the' body'19 yin the' loading fpo'sitionthereof, but: l i the lugsl 57 are so disposedY intheposition 1V (as shown f v in Fig.: i6) :thatthcref is nel:interlocking` of the llgigsf?` l ly,`-frorn. the' point III. to the point.y VfCShOWn in. Fig'. 9)

rearwardly vfor -a distance ia-;-thus, the total longitudinal. l distance forwhichlthe element may be displaced-axially;

throughout the peripheral: branch of the slot 59 (II-Ill or'III--HLI thelockingelementc53-will be rotatedqthrough; l l

an angle of` (Fig 8).

-::-In thel forwardmost'position IV (Fig. 4), the front' f faceof the? locking elementfiSSwill :abut lagainst the I To therear-of the locking` element `53 there isy disposed r -in thel housing-11 a backing? member` 64; that -issecured. I

against' axialmovement by meansof a holding element such as. a- 1split ring j 66.

Thelockingelement `53 isholl'ow to the` rear, and car:- ries ayplate? that has` air aperture68t The aperture 68 is smaller-than therearflange-offline` firing pin 56, and is in alignment therewith' to the; rear` thereof. rlhe plate 67: thus prevents` a` rearward,` accidental `removal of` the tiring pini 56 from the bore i 54.-

A compression spring; 69 extendslbetween theiront side of the. backing member` 64` and the rear sideof the plate 67, `andqpressesjthe.plate 67 into itsseat,` and. at'` the same time urges-the lockingrnember` 53- forwardly tending. to move it inidirectionl A whenithe: pin 61` is `either in the branchIII-j-V or in the Lbranch II.-IV:of the slotr59.

The baclringmember 64hasi a central` bore 71 which` is in axial` alignnientywithwthe` aperture68' of the plate 67, andtthrough which there extendsthe forward portion of a tiring bolt 72.` `Theirearward portion of thering bolt 72 Vextendstlrough `a bore 73zofutheihandle 17, and has an upright grip 74 for `manual operation. j As maybe clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 9 of'theidrawings, thecross section` diameter of bolt 72is smaller thanthosel of `bores1 71 and 73. Clearance is thereby provided between the bolt;` and the bores, permittingradial aswell as axial movement, so that tiring bolt 72 can be flexed when gripr74 is lifted. The bolt 72hasaon the oppositeside of thegrip 74 arecess`76,` lwhich cooperates wth-alockingpin 77 -for holding; the' bo1t72e incockedposition (Fig.A 1i). The grip 74; is disposed in a slot' 78ftha'tlisformed'in` the upper side` ot `the handle 17-tUpermit-thecocking and tiring' movement in.` directions B'andjA, respectively, of'theibolt 72.-` A; spring-79'pres`ses against a: ilangealy that' isi-formed on the bolt 72, to urgetheiboltwforwardly in direction-A.` The `irinfg` strokel of the-bolt 7 2 is limitedwby theiabutment andnumy y between the ilang 8l 'and a rear surface 82 that is formed adjacent the bore 71 on Athe backing member 64.

The operation of the gun described in the foregoing is as follows:

The loading is carried out in the loading position (Fig. 1), wherein the pin 61 is disposed at the point I of the slot 59 and the housing 11 is relative to the barrel assembly 18 in a rearward position defined by the equilibrium of forces fo the springs 37 and 38. In this loading position, the opening 58 is unobstructed, and a cartridge may be emplaced in the bore 23. Likewise, the projecticle isv inserted into the bore 22, for instance through the front end of the barrel 21, into a position adjacent the cartridge. The firing bolt 72 will be moved by the operator into the cocked position as shown in Fig. 1 against the force of the spring 79. Subsequently, the operator will turn the pin 61 from the position I into the `position II (Fig. 11),'by which movement the locking yelement 53 is rotated about its axis for a small angle, and thereafter thev spring 69 will shift the pin 61 fromy the position II (Fig. 11) to the position IV (Figs. 4-and 6), by moving the locking element 53 forwardly into abutment'with the body 19 withoutinterlocking.

Then the operator will apply the gun to the material 83 into which the projectile is to be imbedded, for instance concrete or the like. The operator holding the handle 17 will apply the safety shield 34 against the material 83,.

and exert manual pressure on the handle 17 in the direction A towards the material 83. The housing 11 will thereby be pressed forwardly in direction A relativeto the barrel assembly 18, and relative to the locking member S3 which abuts against the body 19. By this movement of the housing 11, the cam slot 59 will move relative to the pin 61 throughout the distance b until it engages the pin 61 at point II (Fig. 11). In this position II there exists no possibility of any accidental firing, asthe tiring pin is out of striking reach of the bolt 72; the

bolt 72 can strike the firing pin 56 only after the housing 11 has been pushed forwardly relative to the barrel assembly 18 and the locking element 53 .abutting thereon for the additional distance a.

Thereafter, the operator will turn the locking member S3 from the position II (Figs. 6, 11) to the position III (Figs. 7, 12). By this rotation, the lugs 57 have been moved from the unlocked position (Fig. 6), to the locked position (Fig. 7), interlocking the element 53 with the body 19. By this locking rotation to the position III, the pin 61 has been put in position to enable a further forward movement of the housing 11 relative to the barrel assembly 18 and 'the locking element 53 latched thereto as guided by the branch III-V of the slot 59. The operator will continue to exert the pressure against the handle 17 in the direction A towards the material 83, and the housing 11 will move forwardly, with the slot 59 moving relative to the pin 61 so that the engagement of the pin will be changed from III to V after the movement has covered the distance a. In this position V (Fig. 9) the firing pin S6 has been brought within the striking range of the bolt 72.

By manually lifting the grip 74, the tiring bolt 72 will be disengaged from the locking pin 77 and is ready for forward movement, and the spring 79 will press the bolt 72 forwardly to strike the pin 56 which, n turn, will strike the cartridge 2S to expel the projectile through the bore 22 into the material 83.

After the projectile has been fired, the operator will relax the pressure on the handle 17, and the combined :force of the springs 38 and 69 will push the barrel assembly 18 forwardly relative to the housing 11. During this forward movement, the pin 59 will shift between the positions V (Fig. 9) and III (Fig. 12) of engagement with the slot 59. Subsequently after the gun has been moved off the material 83, the operator will rotate the locking element 53 by moving the pin 61 from the III (Fig. 12) to the point II (Fig. 1-1), thereby amasar.V

si Y unlocking the lugs 57 from the lugs Si; wing' toV inertia, the barrel assembly 18 will move forwardly beyond the loading position (Fig. 1) into the forwardmost position (Fig. 3). As explained earlier herein, during this phase, the cartridge will be lifted by the ejector 42 off its seat, and be expelled through the opening 58. Subsequently, the opposing forces of the springs 37v and 38 will again be balanced, returning the barrell 1'8' relative to the housing 11 into the loading position (Fig. 1),` and-by this return movement the ejector 42 will assume its'position in the recess 44 (Fig. 2).

In order to avoid that the sliding piece 39 of the ejector 42 during its repeated opposite movements along the internal surface of the housing 11 may work any damage to that surface, there is provided a set screw 84 that has on the interior of the housing 11 a rounded surface 86. The screw 84 is adjustably secured by a nut 87. During the movement in directionv A between the positions V and III, of the barrel assembly 18 relative to the housing 11, immediately after the tiring of a shot, the sliding piece 39 of the ejector will be prevented by the screw 84 from rubbing against the interior surface of the housing 11.

The sliding sleeve 33 vmay be pressed rearwardly for a total distance s (Fig. 1), as the rear face of the sleeve 33 abuts in its rearmost position against a front ange 88 that is formed on the cover 13. The distance s is so chosen, that the outer sleeve 33 can cover it only when the axis of the barrel 21 is approximately perpendicular to the surface of the material 83. As best shown in Fig. 1, the distance s is only slightly larger than the sum of the distances a and b for which the housing 11 must be moved forwardly in order to render possible the firing of the projectile. Therefore, if the barrel 18 is not perpendicular to the surface of the material 83,V there will, lbefore pressure is applied, appear a distance d between the front of the barrel 18 and the point of entry of the projectile into the material 83. If the distance d surpasses the value of the difference between the distance s and the sum of the distances a and b, firing becomes impossible as the housing 11 can no longer be pushed forwardly for a distance suicient to bring the bolt 72 within the range of the tiring pin 56.

By this arrangement, it is assured that only a small digression from the proper shooting direction is possible. The operator is thus safeguarded against splinter action of the type that would occur were the gun positioned beyond that permitted digression.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to be secured by Letters Patent, is as follows:

l. In a gun adapted to drive a fastening device into a solid mass, in combination, a barrel for said fastening device, said barrel including a rear end portion having a seat for a cartridge, a housing surrounding said rear end portion and being movable axially relative to said barrel, a locking member movably disposed in said housing and normally being spaced from the rear end of said barrel and being movable and rotatable for closing releasably said rear end, and ring means operatively positioned to detonate said cartridge, said housing having an opening adjacent the normal position of said locking member affording manual access to said seat, said housing having a cam slot, said locking member including a pin projecting through said cam slot to the exterior of said housing for manual application, said cam slot having a section extending for a portion peripherally of said housing and sections at the ends of said peripheral section extending parallel to the housing axis, whereby said locking member may be moved in either axial direction rst axially, then rotated for locking and unlocking respectivelyl with said barrel, and then be moved axially again.

2. In a gun adapted to. drive a fastening device into a solid mass, in combination, a barrel for said fastening device, said barrel including a rear end portion having a; seat for a cartridge, a housing surrounding said rear end portion and being movable axially relative to saidi barrel, a locking member movably disposed in said housing and normally being spaced from the rear end of said barrel and being movable and rotatable for closing` releasably said rear end, and firing means operatively positioned to detonate said cartridge, said housing. having anA opening adjacent the normal position of said locking. member affording manual access toy said seat, together with. a. spring urging said locking member` forwardly relative to said housing.

3. In a gun, employing an explosive cartridge device to drive a fastener into a solid `mass and provided with a handle and a backing member formed with co-axial bores, the combination of a barrel assembly for-said fas tener, a housing assembly axially movable relative to said barrel between protracted and contracted positions, resilient means between said assemblies maintaining them in the protracted position, said barrel assembly including a seat for receiving said explosive device, saidthousing assembly having anV opening aiording manual access to said seat in said protracted position, a locking element axially movable in the interior of said housing assembly and operable to be releasably latched to the rear end portion of said barrel assembly and when unlatchedv to block said barrel assembly and housing assembly from reaching said contracted position, and when latched to. said barrel to guide said barrel assembly and housingfassembly to the contracted position upon the exercise of manual pressure exerted upon said housing assembly while said bar rel assembly is applied to a solid mass for ring, and

ejecting means for ejecting through said opening the cartridge of` said explosive device lfollowing the firing, said opening being positioned adjacent said seat, saidlocking element being axiallyi movable `and axially` rotatable within said housing assembly, said housing assembly having a substantially `Z-shapect slot, a pin connected to said locking element and extending through said slot, said lockinglelement being movable by manual movement ofsaid pin, said ejecting means being slidably arranged in said barrel assembly near the rear end thereof.

4. Ina gun as` claimed in claim 3, said locking` element havingan apertured plate, a tiring pin, a spring pressing said plate` of said locking `element to. secure said tiring pin from accidental dislodging, and a spring; powered iiring bolt extendable` through the aperture of. said plate.

5. In a gun as claimed in claim 3, a tiring bolt having across-section smaller than those of the cofaxial handle and backing memben bores, said bolt being movable in said bores axially and having radial motion` playftherein permitting it to4 be` flexed, and being settable to a rearwardmost position, said firing bolt having a recess, a pin mounted in said housing assembly engaging4 said recess in the rearwardmost position, said firing bolt being` releasable Vfrom said pin by movement at right angle to the axis of said bores.

References Cited in the `tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Temple -c a lan.` 12,` 1954 2,669,716 Catlin I.. Feb, 23, 195.4 2,700,764 Catlin Feb. 1i, 1955 2,719,300 Walker Oct. 4, 19554 2,724,116 Termet Noi/22, 195.5` `2,766,451 Gannon Oct.V 16;, 1956 FoRsIGlsIY PATENTS 482,658 Italy .ulyv 7, 1953

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