US3051176A - Rectoscopic devices - Google Patents
Rectoscopic devices Download PDFInfo
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- US3051176A US3051176A US859070A US85907059A US3051176A US 3051176 A US3051176 A US 3051176A US 859070 A US859070 A US 859070A US 85907059 A US85907059 A US 85907059A US 3051176 A US3051176 A US 3051176A
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- Prior art keywords
- suction tube
- mucosa
- suction
- bowel
- fluid
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 13
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000078856 Prunus padus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010041052 Sluggishness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000016097 disease of metabolism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036285 pathological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000915 pathological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004876 tela submucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003932 urinary bladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/31—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the rectum, e.g. proctoscopes, sigmoidoscopes, colonoscopes
Definitions
- None of the hitherto known devices makes it possible to draw off the invisible fluid pockets in the bowel wall of the rectum, the position and extent of which are merely assumed and which are separated from the suction member by a layer of skin, and at the same time, after the bowel wall has first been examined for discolouration and other deformities by means of the same apparatus, to make the suction action visible by means of a built-in optical system.
- a device of this nature has not hitherto been required in medical science, since no corresponding diagnosis existed. The knowledge of the causes of psoriasis now makes such a device necessary.
- Psoriasis is considered to be an incurable disease of unknown causes in which one can only achieve a temporary improvement by various medical preparations mostly applied externally. Psoriasis is considered by most specialists to be an allergic metabolic disease based on hereditary inclinations.
- the mucosa b itself (lamina muscularis mucosa) lying beneath now secretes the fluid c into the resultant hollow space.
- the fluid is passed to the interior of the bowel through the pores of the tunica.
- the pores of the tunica become blocked up since they are no longer capable of following the oscillatory movement of the bowel owing to their separation from the bowel wall, since, furthermore, the oscillatory movements of the rectum become increasingly more sluggish owing to the swelling of the bowel, saturated with liquid, and since the bowel is cramped in the diseased area, in the attempt to express the fluid as a foreign body.
- the fluid like any other fluid, is sucked up by the rectum, enters the blood stream, and is finally secreted on the surface of the skin as scales of psoriasis.
- the lowest layer of mucosa d (submucosa) and the bowel wall proper e which consists of the circular and longitudinal muscle layers, are strongly swollen, so that the bowel gives the outward appearance of a colonal inflammation.
- the contrast picture of a bowel diseased in this way only shows a constriction in the diseased area, the fluid secretions, however, remain invisible. The rectoscopic examination never yields any discovery.
- a device for the examination of, and the application of suction to, the bowel comprising in combination a tube or pipe for connection at one end to a source of suction pressure and having a container for fluid which in operation is drawn off by the device, the other end of said tube being of substantially egg shape and at least partially of transparent material, said other end having apertures therethrough for the trans-mission, during use, of suction pressure, and a rectoscope the optical system of which is disposed in said egg shaped end.
- the apparatus since the bowel is constricted in the diseased area and the pores of the tunica are blocked up, the apparatus, before the actual treatment must stretch the bowel in order to loosen the fluid and excreta agglomerations which are blocking the pores, and to make the fluid secretions lying beneath the tunica accessible to the influence of the suction.
- the accompanying drawing shows in cross section a combined suction and examining apparatus for the rectum at the entry into the diseased end of the bowel. It consists in the main of a transparent egg shaped portion g to be introduced into the rectum by means of a composite suction tube or pipe 1.
- the tube 1 is reduced at the other end to a mouthpiece h which receives a tube (not shown) leading to the suction pump.
- On its underside the suction tube is provided with an aperture i through which the fluid sucked off can emerge into a container k, connected therewith in an airtight manner, this container being preferably of transparent material.
- the egg portion g at the outermost end of the suction pipe has on its circumference bore holes I or other apertures which transmit the suction pressure produced inside the egg portion to the pores of the tunica mucosa,
- the length scale 0 also enables the reading of the length to which the instrument has been inrtoduced into the intestine so that a repeated treatment of one and the same part of the intestine is possible without need for using the optical system of the rectoscope because the scale 0 enables the movement of the egg-shaped hollow body g to be moved always to the same point of the intestine by reference to one and the same division of the scale 0.
- a surgical apparatus for examination of diseased mucosa in an intestine and for withdrawal by suction of secretion from the mucosa, particularly in the area of the sigmoid fiexure of the intestine comprising, in combination, an elongated suction tube of substantially constant diameter, said suction tube having a first and a second longitudinal end and formed with a smooth outer surface; a substantially egg-shaped hollow body airtightly joined with one longitudinal end of said suction tube, said hollow body having a smooth outer surface with a gradual transition into the outer surface of said suction tube and formed with aperture means communicating with the interior of said suction tube; a rectoscope disposed in said suction tube, said rectoscope comprising an optical system for observation of the mucosa normally located in said hollow body and eyepiece means optically coaxial with and spaced from said optical system and located at the other longitudinal end of said suction tube; container means communicatively connected with said suction tube in the proximity of said other end thereof; and means provided in the proximity of said other end
- a surgical apparatus for examination of diseased mucosa in an intestine and for withdrawal by suction of secretion from the mucosa, particularly in the area of the sigmoid fiexure of the intestine comprising, in combination, an elongated suction tube of substantially constant diameter, said suction tube having a first and a second longitudinal end and formed with a smooth outer surface; a substantially egg-shaped hollow body of transparent material airtightly joined with one longitudinal end of said suction tube, said hollow body having a smooth outer surface with a gradual transition into the outer surface of said suction tube and formed with aperture means communicating with the interior of said suction tube; a rectoscope disposed in said suction tube, said rectoscope comprising an optical system for observation of the mucosa normally located in said hollow body and eyepiece means optically coaxial with and spaced from said optical system and located at the other longitudinal end of said suction tube; container means communicatively connected with said suction tube in the proximity of said other end thereof; and means provided in the proximity of
- a surgical apparatus for examination of diseased mucosa in an intestine and for withdrawal by suction of secretion from the mucosa, particularly in the area of the sigmoid flexure of the intestine comprising, in combination, an elongated suction tube of substantially constant diameter, said suction tube having a first and a second longitudinal end and formed with a smooth outer surface; a substantially egg-shaped hollow body airtightly joined with one longitudinal end of said suction tube, said hollow body having a smooth outer surface with a gradual transition into the outer surface of said suction tube and formed with aperture means communicating with the interior of said suction tube, at least a portion of said suction tube adjacent to said hollow body consisting of transparent material; a rectoscope disposed in said suction tube,.said rectoscope comprising an optical system for observation of the mucosa normally located in said hollow body and eyepiece means optically coaxial with and spaced from said optical system and located at the other longitudinal end of said suction tube; container means communicatively connected with
Description
Aug. 28, 1962 F. A LBERTI RECTOSCOPIC DEVICES Filed Dec. 11, 1959 Inventor:-
United States Patent Ofiflce 3&5 1,1 75 Patented Aug. 28, 1962 3,051,176 REC'I'GSCOPIC DEVICES Franz Alberti, Lindenstrasse 52, Burgsteinfurt, Germany Filed Dec. 11, 1959, Ser. No. 859,070 3 Claims. (Cl. 128276) This invention concerns improvements in or relating to reotoscopic devices. All previous devices for the withdrawal by suction of fluids or secretions from the stomach, intestines, bladder or other cavities of the body are subject to the requirement that the device dips, wholly or partially, into the medium to be drawn off and that the latter, as regards its position and extent, has first been determined exactly by some other device. None of the hitherto known devices, however, makes it possible to draw off the invisible fluid pockets in the bowel wall of the rectum, the position and extent of which are merely assumed and which are separated from the suction member by a layer of skin, and at the same time, after the bowel wall has first been examined for discolouration and other deformities by means of the same apparatus, to make the suction action visible by means of a built-in optical system. A device of this nature has not hitherto been required in medical science, since no corresponding diagnosis existed. The knowledge of the causes of psoriasis now makes such a device necessary.
Even now psoriasis is considered to be an incurable disease of unknown causes in which one can only achieve a temporary improvement by various medical preparations mostly applied externally. Psoriasis is considered by most specialists to be an allergic metabolic disease based on hereditary inclinations.
However, observations and experiments over many years resulted in the following new knowledge:
(1) The scales which psoriasis produces on the surface of the skin, and the fluid which the rectum excretes for self purification, are identical.
(2) Psoriasis arises only when, owing to a local pathological change in the mucosa, the rectum is incapable of excreting the fluid in a natural way.
The larger the centres of disease of psoriasis are, the greater will be the amount of fluid blocked in the bowel wall of the rectum.
In order to appreciate the technical problems which arise from this knowledge, it is necessary to establish the the nature of the changes in the anatomical structure of the rectum, which are caused by the disease. For this purpose there is shown in the accompanying drawing the diseased portion of the bowel of the rectum, together with a device according to the invention in section. As a result of constipation of the bowel or chronic sluggishness of the bowel, at first an inflammation of the mucosa arises in the rectum, as a rule at a distance of 15-20 cm. from the anus. At a corresponding location this results in a local separation of the uppermost layer of the mucosa a (tunica mucosa) from the bowel wall. The mucosa b itself (lamina muscularis mucosa) lying beneath now secretes the fluid c into the resultant hollow space. During the initial stage, the fluid is passed to the interior of the bowel through the pores of the tunica. Gradually, however, the pores of the tunica become blocked up since they are no longer capable of following the oscillatory movement of the bowel owing to their separation from the bowel wall, since, furthermore, the oscillatory movements of the rectum become increasingly more sluggish owing to the swelling of the bowel, saturated with liquid, and since the bowel is cramped in the diseased area, in the attempt to express the fluid as a foreign body. As has already been indicated, the next consequence is that the fluid, like any other fluid, is sucked up by the rectum, enters the blood stream, and is finally secreted on the surface of the skin as scales of psoriasis. As a result of the fluid continuously sucked up, the lowest layer of mucosa d (submucosa) and the bowel wall proper e, which consists of the circular and longitudinal muscle layers, are strongly swollen, so that the bowel gives the outward appearance of a colonal inflammation. The contrast picture of a bowel diseased in this way only shows a constriction in the diseased area, the fluid secretions, however, remain invisible. The rectoscopic examination never yields any discovery. The reasons for this are as follows: in the first instance, with a small separation area of the tunica mucosa, the fluid accumulating is promptly sucked up by the bowel, so that the separation of it remains invisible, and secondly the known means do not make it possible to recognise the blocking up of the pores of the tunica. Only when the separation area of the tunica is extremely large and the suction capacity of the bowel does not suflice immediately to absorb the fluid accumulating, can the fluid secretions be recognised by congestion beneath the tunica, and by a slight discolouration of the uppermost layer of mucosa.
After having recognised these changes of the anatomical structure of the rectum, caused by the disease, the technical problem to be solved becomes apparent.
According to the invention therefore there is provided a device for the examination of, and the application of suction to, the bowel comprising in combination a tube or pipe for connection at one end to a source of suction pressure and having a container for fluid which in operation is drawn off by the device, the other end of said tube being of substantially egg shape and at least partially of transparent material, said other end having apertures therethrough for the trans-mission, during use, of suction pressure, and a rectoscope the optical system of which is disposed in said egg shaped end. By means of this transparent egg shaped member and the built-in optical system, the examination of the rectum, and particularly of the mucosa is made possible, by means-of the boreholes provided in the egg shaped member an'd the suction pressure produced there the blocked pores of the uppermost layer of mucosa are cleared and the fluid secretions beneath sucked off. At the same time these steps are rendered visible by the built-in optical system, and thus the position and extent of the invisible fluid secretions can be recognised. The incorporation of the optical system makes it furthermore possible that the suction action at a diseased area shall not last longer than is really necessary, and that the suction action in the healthy area of the bowel shall be limited to a short time. Since the bowel is constricted in the diseased area and the pores of the tunica are blocked up, the apparatus, before the actual treatment must stretch the bowel in order to loosen the fluid and excreta agglomerations which are blocking the pores, and to make the fluid secretions lying beneath the tunica accessible to the influence of the suction.
The accompanying drawing shows in cross section a combined suction and examining apparatus for the rectum at the entry into the diseased end of the bowel. It consists in the main of a transparent egg shaped portion g to be introduced into the rectum by means of a composite suction tube or pipe 1. The tube 1 is reduced at the other end to a mouthpiece h which receives a tube (not shown) leading to the suction pump. On its underside the suction tube is provided with an aperture i through which the fluid sucked off can emerge into a container k, connected therewith in an airtight manner, this container being preferably of transparent material. The egg portion g at the outermost end of the suction pipe has on its circumference bore holes I or other apertures which transmit the suction pressure produced inside the egg portion to the pores of the tunica mucosa,
stretched by the said egg portion, and to the bowel wall therebeneath. The start and the finish of the suction action, as well as the surface to the mucosa are observed through the optical system, incorporated in the suction tube or the egg portion by means of a lamp and mirror m in the rectoscope r, and the eye-piece n at the end of the suction tube. A graduated linear scale is provided on the suction tube in order to facilitate reading the distance between the fluid secretion and the anus.
The length scale 0 also enables the reading of the length to which the instrument has been inrtoduced into the intestine so that a repeated treatment of one and the same part of the intestine is possible without need for using the optical system of the rectoscope because the scale 0 enables the movement of the egg-shaped hollow body g to be moved always to the same point of the intestine by reference to one and the same division of the scale 0.
What is claimed is:
1. A surgical apparatus for examination of diseased mucosa in an intestine and for withdrawal by suction of secretion from the mucosa, particularly in the area of the sigmoid fiexure of the intestine, said apparatus comprising, in combination, an elongated suction tube of substantially constant diameter, said suction tube having a first and a second longitudinal end and formed with a smooth outer surface; a substantially egg-shaped hollow body airtightly joined with one longitudinal end of said suction tube, said hollow body having a smooth outer surface with a gradual transition into the outer surface of said suction tube and formed with aperture means communicating with the interior of said suction tube; a rectoscope disposed in said suction tube, said rectoscope comprising an optical system for observation of the mucosa normally located in said hollow body and eyepiece means optically coaxial with and spaced from said optical system and located at the other longitudinal end of said suction tube; container means communicatively connected with said suction tube in the proximity of said other end thereof; and means provided in the proximity of said other end for connecting said suction tube to a souce of vacuum whereby, when said hollow body is inserted into the intestine, secretion is withdrawn from the mucosa through said aperture means and through said suction tube and is collected in said container means.
2. A surgical apparatus for examination of diseased mucosa in an intestine and for withdrawal by suction of secretion from the mucosa, particularly in the area of the sigmoid fiexure of the intestine, said apparatus comprising, in combination, an elongated suction tube of substantially constant diameter, said suction tube having a first and a second longitudinal end and formed with a smooth outer surface; a substantially egg-shaped hollow body of transparent material airtightly joined with one longitudinal end of said suction tube, said hollow body having a smooth outer surface with a gradual transition into the outer surface of said suction tube and formed with aperture means communicating with the interior of said suction tube; a rectoscope disposed in said suction tube, said rectoscope comprising an optical system for observation of the mucosa normally located in said hollow body and eyepiece means optically coaxial with and spaced from said optical system and located at the other longitudinal end of said suction tube; container means communicatively connected with said suction tube in the proximity of said other end thereof; and means provided in the proximity of said other end for connecting said suction tube to a source of vacuum whereby, when said hollow body is inserted into the intestine, secretion is withdrawn from the mucosa through said aperture means and through said suction tube and is collected in said container means.
3. A surgical apparatus for examination of diseased mucosa in an intestine and for withdrawal by suction of secretion from the mucosa, particularly in the area of the sigmoid flexure of the intestine, said apparatus comprising, in combination, an elongated suction tube of substantially constant diameter, said suction tube having a first and a second longitudinal end and formed with a smooth outer surface; a substantially egg-shaped hollow body airtightly joined with one longitudinal end of said suction tube, said hollow body having a smooth outer surface with a gradual transition into the outer surface of said suction tube and formed with aperture means communicating with the interior of said suction tube, at least a portion of said suction tube adjacent to said hollow body consisting of transparent material; a rectoscope disposed in said suction tube,.said rectoscope comprising an optical system for observation of the mucosa normally located in said hollow body and eyepiece means optically coaxial with and spaced from said optical system and located at the other longitudinal end of said suction tube; container means communicatively connected with siad suction tube in the proximity of said other end thereof; and means provided in the proximity of said other end for connecting said suction tube to a source of vacuum whereby,.when said hollow body is inserted in the intestine, secretion is withdrawn from'the mucosa through said aperture means and through said suction tube and is collected in said container means.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,643,631 Schulz Sept. 27, 1927 2,555,493 Kirschbaum June 5, 1951 2,704,541 Wyatt Mar. 22 1955
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US859070A US3051176A (en) | 1959-12-11 | 1959-12-11 | Rectoscopic devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US859070A US3051176A (en) | 1959-12-11 | 1959-12-11 | Rectoscopic devices |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3051176A true US3051176A (en) | 1962-08-28 |
Family
ID=25329942
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US859070A Expired - Lifetime US3051176A (en) | 1959-12-11 | 1959-12-11 | Rectoscopic devices |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3051176A (en) |
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3261356A (en) * | 1963-10-21 | 1966-07-19 | American Cystoscope Makers Inc | Suction and illumination device |
| US3860001A (en) * | 1973-07-31 | 1975-01-14 | Simon Levin | Vaginal suction device |
| US3908660A (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1975-09-30 | Isaac Kaplan | Apparatus for draining a conduit |
| US3982546A (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1976-09-28 | Friend John H | Device for draining a body cavity |
| US4201199A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1980-05-06 | Smith Donald C | Endoscope attachment to a viewing instrument for insertion into the uterine cavity |
| US4207874A (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1980-06-17 | Choy Daniel S J | Laser tunnelling device |
| US4248214A (en) * | 1979-05-22 | 1981-02-03 | Robert S. Kish | Illuminated urethral catheter |
| US4282873A (en) * | 1980-04-03 | 1981-08-11 | Roth Robert A | Medical irrigation device |
| US4717380A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-01-05 | Baumgartner George C | Method and apparatus for medically treating recessed body tissue |
| US5728045A (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 1998-03-17 | Fuji Photo Optical Co., Ltd. | Endoscope having auxiliary hole |
| US6120528A (en) * | 1998-11-03 | 2000-09-19 | Hood Laboratories | Nipple assembly with endoscope |
| US20060247529A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-02 | Rose Harold B | Transurethral ultrasonic imaging system |
| US20060276692A1 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-07 | Cannuflow Incorporated | Protective cap for arthroscopic instruments |
| US20070038097A1 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-02-15 | Crawford Alan D | Introducer |
| US20080195044A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-08-14 | Akira Nishimura | Ophthalmic Cannula |
| US20080275306A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2008-11-06 | Carlo Rebuffat | Anoscope for Ano-Rectal Diagnostic and Surgery |
| US20100145148A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Tyco Healthcare Group, Lp | Anoscope |
| US20110087075A1 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-14 | Thomas Wenchell | Anoscope |
| US8343185B2 (en) | 2008-09-10 | 2013-01-01 | Covidien Lp | Surgical stapling device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1643631A (en) * | 1923-08-27 | 1927-09-27 | Boehm Surgical Instr Corp | Surgical instrument |
| US2555493A (en) * | 1949-02-14 | 1951-06-05 | Harry M Kirschbaum | Aspirating dissector |
| US2704541A (en) * | 1955-03-22 | Surgical scope with suction attachment |
-
1959
- 1959-12-11 US US859070A patent/US3051176A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2704541A (en) * | 1955-03-22 | Surgical scope with suction attachment | ||
| US1643631A (en) * | 1923-08-27 | 1927-09-27 | Boehm Surgical Instr Corp | Surgical instrument |
| US2555493A (en) * | 1949-02-14 | 1951-06-05 | Harry M Kirschbaum | Aspirating dissector |
Cited By (40)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3261356A (en) * | 1963-10-21 | 1966-07-19 | American Cystoscope Makers Inc | Suction and illumination device |
| US3860001A (en) * | 1973-07-31 | 1975-01-14 | Simon Levin | Vaginal suction device |
| US3908660A (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1975-09-30 | Isaac Kaplan | Apparatus for draining a conduit |
| US3982546A (en) * | 1975-02-28 | 1976-09-28 | Friend John H | Device for draining a body cavity |
| US4201199A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1980-05-06 | Smith Donald C | Endoscope attachment to a viewing instrument for insertion into the uterine cavity |
| US4207874A (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1980-06-17 | Choy Daniel S J | Laser tunnelling device |
| DE2950976A1 (en) * | 1978-03-27 | 1981-06-25 | Daniel S.J. Stamford Conn. Choy | LASER DEVICE FOR OPENING PIPE-LIKE PRODUCTS |
| US4248214A (en) * | 1979-05-22 | 1981-02-03 | Robert S. Kish | Illuminated urethral catheter |
| US4282873A (en) * | 1980-04-03 | 1981-08-11 | Roth Robert A | Medical irrigation device |
| US4717380A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-01-05 | Baumgartner George C | Method and apparatus for medically treating recessed body tissue |
| US5728045A (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 1998-03-17 | Fuji Photo Optical Co., Ltd. | Endoscope having auxiliary hole |
| US6120528A (en) * | 1998-11-03 | 2000-09-19 | Hood Laboratories | Nipple assembly with endoscope |
| US20080195044A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-08-14 | Akira Nishimura | Ophthalmic Cannula |
| US20060247529A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-02 | Rose Harold B | Transurethral ultrasonic imaging system |
| US20100137721A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2010-06-03 | Rose Harold B | Transurethral ultrasonic imaging system |
| US20060276692A1 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-07 | Cannuflow Incorporated | Protective cap for arthroscopic instruments |
| US9833134B2 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2017-12-05 | Cannuflow, Inc. | Protective cap for arthroscopic instruments |
| US7553278B2 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2009-06-30 | Cannuflow, Inc. | Protective cap for arthroscopic instruments |
| US20090326328A1 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2009-12-31 | Cannuflow Incorporated | Protective Cap for Arthroscopic Instruments |
| US20160045105A1 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2016-02-18 | Cannuflow, Inc. | Protective cap for arthroscopic instruments |
| US9167955B2 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2015-10-27 | Cannuflow, Inc. | Protective cap for arthroscopic instruments |
| US8216131B2 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2012-07-10 | Cannuflow, Inc. | Protective cap for arthroscopic instruments |
| US20070038097A1 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-02-15 | Crawford Alan D | Introducer |
| US8956282B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2015-02-17 | Covidien Ag | Anoscope for ano-rectal diagnostic and surgery |
| US9307896B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2016-04-12 | Covidien Ag | Anoscope for ano-rectal diagnostic and surgery |
| US20080275306A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2008-11-06 | Carlo Rebuffat | Anoscope for Ano-Rectal Diagnostic and Surgery |
| US8337401B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2012-12-25 | Covidien Ag | Anoscope for ano-rectal diagnostic and surgery |
| US8740781B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2014-06-03 | Covidien Ag | Anoscope for ano-rectal diagnostic and surgery |
| US8360295B2 (en) | 2008-09-10 | 2013-01-29 | Covidien Lp | Surgical stapling device |
| US9113871B2 (en) | 2008-09-10 | 2015-08-25 | Covidien Lp | Surgical stapling device |
| US8343185B2 (en) | 2008-09-10 | 2013-01-01 | Covidien Lp | Surgical stapling device |
| US9358006B2 (en) | 2008-09-10 | 2016-06-07 | Covidien Lp | Surgical stapling device |
| US20130103072A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2013-04-25 | Thomas Wenchell | Anoscope |
| US8926505B2 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2015-01-06 | Covidien Lp | Anoscope |
| US9192291B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2015-11-24 | Covidien Lp | Anoscope |
| US20100145148A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Tyco Healthcare Group, Lp | Anoscope |
| US9636010B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2017-05-02 | Covidien Lp | Anoscope |
| US8348837B2 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2013-01-08 | Covidien Lp | Anoscope |
| US20110087075A1 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-14 | Thomas Wenchell | Anoscope |
| US9204789B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2015-12-08 | Covidien Lp | Asymmetrical anoscope |
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