US3085912A - Method of permanently marking polytetrafluoroethylene - Google Patents
Method of permanently marking polytetrafluoroethylene Download PDFInfo
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- US3085912A US3085912A US10580A US1058060A US3085912A US 3085912 A US3085912 A US 3085912A US 10580 A US10580 A US 10580A US 1058060 A US1058060 A US 1058060A US 3085912 A US3085912 A US 3085912A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F17/00—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for
- B41F17/08—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for for printing on filamentary or elongated articles, or on articles with cylindrical surfaces
- B41F17/10—Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for for printing on filamentary or elongated articles, or on articles with cylindrical surfaces on articles of indefinite length, e.g. wires, hoses, tubes, yarns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
- B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
- B41F23/0403—Drying webs
- B41F23/0406—Drying webs by radiation
- B41F23/0413—Infra-red dryers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
- B41M1/30—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on organic plastics, horn or similar materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
- B41M7/0054—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using protective coatings or film forming compositions cured by thermal means, e.g. infrared radiation, heat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
- B41M7/0072—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock using mechanical wave energy, e.g. ultrasonics; using magnetic or electric fields, e.g. electric discharge, plasma
Definitions
- Teflon or polytetrafluoroethylene has a wax-like surface texture which cannot be permanently marked with conventional marking inks in a satisfactory manner. Hotstamping produces a permanent mark but causes the Teflon to break down, which is highly undesirable in cases where the Teflon is used as an electrical insulation since the stamping process reduces the insulating capacity of the Teflon.
- Teflon-coated electrical conductors have been marked in a non-permanent manner, such that the markings may be rubbed off easily or become illegible during use. It has been considered necessary in many instances to admix an identifying color with the Teflon prior to polymerization so that the different types of wire might be identified by the distinctive coloring in the Teflon. This method of identification has proven unsatisfactory, however, because it requires a large inventory of wires of different colors to be maintained in stock.
- Another method of marking Teflon Wire comprises placing ink striping on the surface of the Teflon insulation and then passing the inked Teflon wire through a gas heated oven to dry the ink. The dried striping, however, is not permanently affixed to the Teflon and may be readily rubbed off.
- the present method comprises impressing Teflon ink on the Teflon wire and then rapidly heating the surface of the impressed Teflon wire with radiant energy to fix the ink marking permanently.
- the markings so produced are extremely durable and cannot be removed except by destroying the underlying Teflon.
- This method differs essentially from all prior marking methods in that the Teflon insulation is heated by means of radiant energy, whereas, heretofore, the Teflon has been heated by means of convection or conduction.
- the conduction method is exemplified by hot stamping, which, as noted above, materially decreases the electrical insulating capacity of Teflon.
- Convection heating utilized in applying striping to Teflon, cannot be performed at a temperature which would cause the ink to bond permamanently to the Teflon insulation because the temperature of the wire conductor would be raised to excessive values, such that the individual strands of conductor are caused to stick together, thereby seriously reducing the flexibility of the Teflon wire. For example, when striping is dried in a gas heated oven at about 850 F., the silver plated individual conductor strands become joined.
- Patented Apr. 16, 1963 ree this manner, a steep temperature gradient is established radially in the Teflon insulation during the heating step.
- the wire is cooled.
- cooling may be effected by either allowing the processed wire to stand in air or by cooling the wire with a forced draft of air or by other suitable accelerated cooling means.
- Teflon encompasses not only the homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene but also substances wherein an organic material is admixed with or copolymerized with tetrafluoroethylene in such proportion and in such manner that the resulting admixture or polymeric product partakes of the properties of tetrafluoroethylene.
- the organic additive may constitute up to about 25% of the admixture or copolymeric product and may, for example, be a material like polyisobutylene; butyl rubber including the elastomeric copolymers of isobutylene and diolefins such as butadiene; polyacrylates and polyalkylacrylates including polymethylacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate and the like; butadiene-acrylic copolymers including butadiene-acrylate, butadiene-acrylonitrile, and butadiene-acrylamide; butadiene-styrene copolymer; plasticized polystyrene; polyvinyl halides and polyvinylidene halides including polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene chloride, and polyvinylidene fluoride; and alkyl-acrylate copolymers including copolymers of methyl me
- Teflon wire therefore, is to be understood as a metal conductor having a sheath of the homopolymer of tetrafiuoroethylene or a sheath of any one or more of the admixtures or copolymeric products hereinbefore enumerated.
- Teflon ink in an analogous fashion refers to liquid suspensions or thermoplastic materials comprising a suitable pigment or colored filler admixed with particles of tetrafluoroethylene or particles of any one or more of the aforesaid admixtures or copolymeric products.
- the composition of such ink includes (1) a polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion; (2) a ceramic oxide pigment; (3) a binder (or thickener); (4) a distilled water carrier; and (5) a fluorocarbon wetting agent.
- Ink in accordance with this specification is commercially available from the Hi- Temp Wire Company as Black Marking Fluid, Code 913A. This invention, however, is not directed to the particular materials used; but, rather, to the method by which Teflon wires of the type described may be permanently marked with Teflon ink.
- the Teflon Wire or other Teflon article is marked with the desired identifying symbol by pressing Teflon ink on/ or into the Teflon surface.
- any conventional printing machine may be used.
- a particular machine which has been employed successfully for marking Teflon wire is the Dual Printer made by Duncan M. Gillies Co., Inc., West Bozleston, Massachusetts, which impresses the Teflon wire by opposed printing discs through which the wire is fed.
- Each disc is provided on its periphery with a plurality of raised symbols and is made to pass through a bath of Teflon ink whereby the raised symbols become coated therewith.
- the Teflon wire is subjected on its marked surface to a predetermined flux of radiant energy, the principal Wavelengths of which are in infrared region, which is absorbed by and heats the outer surface of the Teflon wire. Heating is continued for a length of time sufficient to permanently bond the ink to the Teflon, whereupon heating is discontinued to prevent an undue buildup of heat in the interior of the wire as would adversely affect the Teflon insulation or the wire conductor.
- the source of infrared energy may be a resistance element, a quartz infrared lamp or other conventional device.
- radiant energy is supplied by a metal resistance element of cylindrical configuration through which the wire to be heated is passed.
- the resistance element is suitably insulated by means of a refractory material so as to form an open ended furnace.
- the dielectric strength test calls for the application of 3000 volts, to Class A insulation for a period of five minutes without breakdown. In order to obtain a figure of relative merit for these specimens, the standard dielectric strength test was followed immediately by a dielectric breakdown test.
- the source of infrared energy was a heated Nichrome screen, 30 x 30 mesh, made of 0.014 inch wire.
- the screen was formed into a tube 3 inches in diameter by 3 feet long, and insulated by a wrapping of Thermoflex, an asbestos sheet manufactured by Johns- Mansville Co., Chicago, Illinois.
- the screen temperature was monitored with a 22 ga. Chromel-Alumel thermocouple placed between the Nichrome screen and the insulation midway of the tube.
- the particular Teflon ink used in the following examples was Black Marking Fluid, Code 9l3-A produced by Hi- Temp, Inc., Chicago, Illinois.
- EXAMPLE I Five 100 foot samples (A thru E) of #16 ga. Teflon insulated wire, satisfying military standard MIL W 16878, were printed with Hi-Temp black marking fluid (Code 913A), a Teflon ink, and sintered at speeds between 0.3 and 0.7 ft. per second.
- Hi-Temp black marking fluid Code 913A
- Teflon ink a Teflon ink
- the screen temperature was manually controlled at a temperature of 1-800 F. i20.
- the optimum wire feed rate through the 36 inch furnace at 1800 F. was 0.4 ft. per second.
- the processed specimens exhibited marked improvements in breakdown voltage following the cold bend test and in insulation resistance.
- the processed samples showed slightly lower resistance to dielectric breakdown after having been subjected to the dielectric strength test and the heat resistance test.
- EXAMPLE II One hundred foot samples of #22 ga. Teflon insulated wire satisfying military standard MIL W 16878 were printed with Hi-Temp Black Marking Fluid, Code 913A.
- Specimens A through E of Example II provide a complete spectrum of processing speeds with results ranging from failure due to insufiicient heating (at 0.9 ft./sec.) to unsatisfactory results, which were caused by excessive heating (at 0.5 ft./sec.) and consequent decomposition of the Teflon. Any speed between 0.6 and 0.8 ft. per sec. yielded excellent durability at this furance temperature.
- Decomposition of the Teflon was indicated by the color of the processed specimen, namely, an oyster white coloration.
- a method of marking articles of homopolymers and copolymers of tet-rafluoroethylene comprising the steps of printing the surface of such an article with ink in the desired pattern, said ink comprising a pigment admixed with particles of polytetrafluoroethylene, and irradiating said surface with infrared radiation so as to cause said ink to become permanently bonded to said surface.
- a method of marking polytetrafiuoroethylene coated wire comprising the steps of impressing ink onto the surface of said Wire, said ink comprising a pigment admixed with particles of polytetrafluoroethylene, and irradiating said surface with infrared radiation so as to bond said ink permanently to said surface.
Description
p 16, 1963 c. L. FRIESE 3,085,912
METHOD OF PERMANENTLY MARKING POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE Filed Feb. 24, 1960 POLYTETRA-FLUOROETHYLEN E INSULATED CONDUCTOR INVENTOR.
CHARLES L. FRIESE ATTORNEY 3,tl85 912 RETHOD F PERMAlNENTLY MARKHNG POLYTETRAFLUQRQETHYLENE Charles L. Friese, Towson Township, Harford County,
Md, assignor to Martin-Marietta Corporation, a cor-' poration of Maryland Filed Feb. 24, 1960, Ser. No. 10,580 Claims. (Ci. ll72l2) Teflon or polytetrafluoroethylene has a wax-like surface texture which cannot be permanently marked with conventional marking inks in a satisfactory manner. Hotstamping produces a permanent mark but causes the Teflon to break down, which is highly undesirable in cases where the Teflon is used as an electrical insulation since the stamping process reduces the insulating capacity of the Teflon. Heretofore, Teflon-coated electrical conductors have been marked in a non-permanent manner, such that the markings may be rubbed off easily or become illegible during use. It has been considered necessary in many instances to admix an identifying color with the Teflon prior to polymerization so that the different types of wire might be identified by the distinctive coloring in the Teflon. This method of identification has proven unsatisfactory, however, because it requires a large inventory of wires of different colors to be maintained in stock. Another method of marking Teflon Wire comprises placing ink striping on the surface of the Teflon insulation and then passing the inked Teflon wire through a gas heated oven to dry the ink. The dried striping, however, is not permanently affixed to the Teflon and may be readily rubbed off.
It is a purpose of this invention to provide a method of identifying Teflon wire by permanently marking same with ink in such a manner that the electrical qualities of the Teflon are not materially impaired. It has been discovered, in fact, that the present marking method actually improves certain electrical qualities of the Teflon coating on commercial Teflon wires.
In outline, as shown on the drawing, the present method comprises impressing Teflon ink on the Teflon wire and then rapidly heating the surface of the impressed Teflon wire with radiant energy to fix the ink marking permanently. The markings so produced are extremely durable and cannot be removed except by destroying the underlying Teflon.
This method differs essentially from all prior marking methods in that the Teflon insulation is heated by means of radiant energy, whereas, heretofore, the Teflon has been heated by means of convection or conduction. The conduction method is exemplified by hot stamping, which, as noted above, materially decreases the electrical insulating capacity of Teflon. Convection heating, utilized in applying striping to Teflon, cannot be performed at a temperature which would cause the ink to bond permamanently to the Teflon insulation because the temperature of the wire conductor would be raised to excessive values, such that the individual strands of conductor are caused to stick together, thereby seriously reducing the flexibility of the Teflon wire. For example, when striping is dried in a gas heated oven at about 850 F., the silver plated individual conductor strands become joined.
In the present process, heat is transferred to the outer surface of the Teflon insulation at a high rate for a short period of time, the rate at which heat is absorbed at the outer surface of the Teflon insulation being much greater in magnitude than the rate at which heat is conducted from the outer surface to the wire conductor. In
Patented Apr. 16, 1963 ree this manner, a steep temperature gradient is established radially in the Teflon insulation during the heating step. Before an excessive amount of heat is able to build up in the interior of the Teflon wire, the wire is cooled. Depending on the radiant energy heat flux, the time of exposure and the physical dimensions of the Teflon wire, cooling may be effected by either allowing the processed wire to stand in air or by cooling the wire with a forced draft of air or by other suitable accelerated cooling means.
For the purposes of the present invention, the term Teflon encompasses not only the homopolymer of tetrafluoroethylene but also substances wherein an organic material is admixed with or copolymerized with tetrafluoroethylene in such proportion and in such manner that the resulting admixture or polymeric product partakes of the properties of tetrafluoroethylene. The organic additive may constitute up to about 25% of the admixture or copolymeric product and may, for example, be a material like polyisobutylene; butyl rubber including the elastomeric copolymers of isobutylene and diolefins such as butadiene; polyacrylates and polyalkylacrylates including polymethylacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate and the like; butadiene-acrylic copolymers including butadiene-acrylate, butadiene-acrylonitrile, and butadiene-acrylamide; butadiene-styrene copolymer; plasticized polystyrene; polyvinyl halides and polyvinylidene halides including polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene chloride, and polyvinylidene fluoride; and alkyl-acrylate copolymers including copolymers of methyl methacrylate-10% methylacrylate, 90% methyl methacrylate- 10% ethylacrylate and the like. The term Teflon wire, therefore, is to be understood as a metal conductor having a sheath of the homopolymer of tetrafiuoroethylene or a sheath of any one or more of the admixtures or copolymeric products hereinbefore enumerated. Teflon ink, in an analogous fashion refers to liquid suspensions or thermoplastic materials comprising a suitable pigment or colored filler admixed with particles of tetrafluoroethylene or particles of any one or more of the aforesaid admixtures or copolymeric products. Specifically, the composition of such ink includes (1) a polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion; (2) a ceramic oxide pigment; (3) a binder (or thickener); (4) a distilled water carrier; and (5) a fluorocarbon wetting agent. Ink in accordance with this specification is commercially available from the Hi- Temp Wire Company as Black Marking Fluid, Code 913A. This invention, however, is not directed to the particular materials used; but, rather, to the method by which Teflon wires of the type described may be permanently marked with Teflon ink.
In accordance with the present invention, the Teflon Wire or other Teflon article is marked with the desired identifying symbol by pressing Teflon ink on/ or into the Teflon surface. For this purpose, any conventional printing machine may be used. A particular machine which has been employed successfully for marking Teflon wire is the Dual Printer made by Duncan M. Gillies Co., Inc., West Bozleston, Massachusetts, which impresses the Teflon wire by opposed printing discs through which the wire is fed. Each disc is provided on its periphery with a plurality of raised symbols and is made to pass through a bath of Teflon ink whereby the raised symbols become coated therewith.
The Teflon wire is subjected on its marked surface to a predetermined flux of radiant energy, the principal Wavelengths of which are in infrared region, which is absorbed by and heats the outer surface of the Teflon wire. Heating is continued for a length of time sufficient to permanently bond the ink to the Teflon, whereupon heating is discontinued to prevent an undue buildup of heat in the interior of the wire as would adversely affect the Teflon insulation or the wire conductor.
The source of infrared energy may be a resistance element, a quartz infrared lamp or other conventional device. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention radiant energy is supplied by a metal resistance element of cylindrical configuration through which the wire to be heated is passed. The resistance element is suitably insulated by means of a refractory material so as to form an open ended furnace.
After processing all samples were subjected to the insulation resistance test, the dielectric strength test, the cold bend test and the heat resistance test as detailed in National Aircraft Standard 703. An unprinted sample which had not been heated was included as a control specimen for comparison.
The dielectric strength test calls for the application of 3000 volts, to Class A insulation for a period of five minutes without breakdown. In order to obtain a figure of relative merit for these specimens, the standard dielectric strength test was followed immediately by a dielectric breakdown test.
Results of these tests on 16 ga. Class A Teflon wire are listed in Table I.
Table I.Results of Infrared Irradiation of Class A Wire at Indicated Temperature of 1800" F.
Insulation Dielectric Cold Bend Heat Resistance Feed Rate Durability Resistance Sample No. (ft./sec.) ofPrinting (Megs/50 it.) Strength bkdn.. Strength bl:dn., Strength bkdn,
(kv.) Orv.) (kv.)
Fair 320,000 Passed. 12.3 Passed 14.3 Passed" 13.5 Good 250,000 .--.do.-- 10.5 ....do.... 15.0 ....do. 8.8 ....-do..... 2,000,000 ...-d0.... 10.1 ..do.... 12.3 ..d0.... 8.8 Excellent... 2,000,000 ....d0.... 10.1 .--.do.... 11.3 ...-do.... 8.4 Fall 2,000,000 ....do.... 10.8 12.5 ...-do.... 11.8 200,000 1o.. 11.8 .-.do.... 9.8 ..do.... 12.0
In order to provide a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following specific examples, wherein the source of infrared energy was a heated Nichrome screen, 30 x 30 mesh, made of 0.014 inch wire. The screen was formed into a tube 3 inches in diameter by 3 feet long, and insulated by a wrapping of Thermoflex, an asbestos sheet manufactured by Johns- Mansville Co., Chicago, Illinois.
The screen temperature was monitored with a 22 ga. Chromel-Alumel thermocouple placed between the Nichrome screen and the insulation midway of the tube. The particular Teflon ink used in the following examples was Black Marking Fluid, Code 9l3-A produced by Hi- Temp, Inc., Chicago, Illinois.
EXAMPLE I Five 100 foot samples (A thru E) of #16 ga. Teflon insulated wire, satisfying military standard MIL W 16878, were printed with Hi-Temp black marking fluid (Code 913A), a Teflon ink, and sintered at speeds between 0.3 and 0.7 ft. per second.
The screen temperature was manually controlled at a temperature of 1-800 F. i20.
The following procedure was followed in bringing the furnace to operating temperature. Four hundred amperes at 10 volts were supplied to the Nichrome screen until the temperature indicated at the thermocouple was 155 0 F., at which point current was reduced to 300 amperes. When the indicated temperature reached 1800 F., the current was further reduced to 250 amperes. A
The optimum wire feed rate through the 36 inch furnace at 1800 F. was 0.4 ft. per second.
Generally, the processed specimens exhibited marked improvements in breakdown voltage following the cold bend test and in insulation resistance. However, the processed samples showed slightly lower resistance to dielectric breakdown after having been subjected to the dielectric strength test and the heat resistance test.
In all instances it was impossible to remove the markings after irradiation except by destroying the underlying Teflon.
EXAMPLE II One hundred foot samples of #22 ga. Teflon insulated wire satisfying military standard MIL W 16878 were printed with Hi-Temp Black Marking Fluid, Code 913A.
Three samples were processed at 1800 F. at speeds of 0.40, 0.35, and 0.30 ft. per second, respectively, which are within the range of speeds at which optimum results were obtained with the #16 ga. Teflon insulated Class A" wire of Example I. The marking on one of these samples had poor durability, and the insulation on the other two samples separated and burned. These failures apparently were caused by overheating.
Three additional samples were then processed at the same temperature, 1800" F., but at higher feed rates, viz., 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 ft. per second, respectively. The markings after processing proved to be of fair to good durability. The temperature of the Nichrome screen was then raised to an indicated 1950 F. Results are listed in Table II.
Table II.--Results of Infrared Irradiation of "Class C Wire at Indicated T emperature of I 950 F.
Insulation Dielectric Cold Bend Heat Resistance Feed Rate Durability Resistance Sample No. (IL/sec.) ol'Irinting (Megs/50 it.) Strength bkdn., Strength blrdn, Strength hkdn.,
(kv.) (kv.) (kv.)
Passed.. 10.9 Passed.. 12.5 PassecL. 11.3 (10.... 9.0 ..--do.... 12.6 .-..do.... 11.4 (10-... 11.7 ..do.... 12.0 d0.... 13.8 -..-do.... 13.5 ..-.d0.. 11.2 (10.... 8.0 .--.do.-.. 12.8 Cracked .-....(l0... 14.3
forced-air cooler placed at the exit end of the furnace was then turned on, and the printed Teflon was fed through the furnace substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis thereof.
Specimens A through E of Example II provide a complete spectrum of processing speeds with results ranging from failure due to insufiicient heating (at 0.9 ft./sec.) to unsatisfactory results, which were caused by excessive heating (at 0.5 ft./sec.) and consequent decomposition of the Teflon. Any speed between 0.6 and 0.8 ft. per sec. yielded excellent durability at this furance temperature.
Decomposition of the Teflon was indicated by the color of the processed specimen, namely, an oyster white coloration.
Results of the tests performed on the #22 ga. Teflon insulated wire followed the trend observed in Example I.
Although the invention has been described with particular reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that it is susceptible of embodiment in many other forms, such as will appear to one skilled in the art in view of the foregoing teachings, without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims:
What is claimed is:
1. A method of marking articles of homopolymers and copolymers of tet-rafluoroethylene comprising the steps of printing the surface of such an article with ink in the desired pattern, said ink comprising a pigment admixed with particles of polytetrafluoroethylene, and irradiating said surface with infrared radiation so as to cause said ink to become permanently bonded to said surface.
2. A method of marking polytetrafiuoroethylene coated wire comprising the steps of impressing ink onto the surface of said Wire, said ink comprising a pigment admixed with particles of polytetrafluoroethylene, and irradiating said surface with infrared radiation so as to bond said ink permanently to said surface.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said polytetrafluoroethylene coated wire is cooled after the irradiating step.
4. In the method of marking polytetrafluoroethylene coated wire wherein the surface of said wire is coated with ink so as to form an identifying symbol thereon, said ink comprising a colored filler admixed with particles of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, the improvement comprising irradiating said surface with infrared radiation so as to cause said ink to become permanently bonded to said surface.
5. The improvement of claim 4 wherein said polytetrafluoroethylene coated wire is cooled after the irradiating step.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Kreidl Mar. 31, 1953 Roberts Feb. 11, 1 958 Osdal Aug. 29, 1961 FOREIGN PATENTS Germany May 24, 1956
Claims (1)
1. A METHOD OF MARKING ARTICLES OF HOMOPOLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS OF TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF PRINTING THE SURFACE OF SUCH AN ARTICLE WITH INK IN THE DESIRE PATTERN, SAID INK COMPRISING A PIGMENT ADMIXED WITH PARTICLES OF POLYTELRATUOROETHYLENE, AND IRRADIATING SAID SURFACE WITH INFRARED RADIATION SO AS TO CAUSE SAID INK TO BECOME PERMANENTLY BONDED TO SAID SURFACE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10580A US3085912A (en) | 1960-02-24 | 1960-02-24 | Method of permanently marking polytetrafluoroethylene |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10580A US3085912A (en) | 1960-02-24 | 1960-02-24 | Method of permanently marking polytetrafluoroethylene |
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| US3085912A true US3085912A (en) | 1963-04-16 |
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| US10580A Expired - Lifetime US3085912A (en) | 1960-02-24 | 1960-02-24 | Method of permanently marking polytetrafluoroethylene |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3948668A (en) * | 1974-03-15 | 1976-04-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorocarbon-containing printing ink and process for image printing |
| US4711802A (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1987-12-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aqueous ink for use on fluorocarbon surfaces |
| US5223062A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-06-29 | Fujikura Ltd. | Resin-insulated cable and method for manufacturing the same |
| US5357058A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1994-10-18 | Fujikura Ltd. | Resin-insulated cable |
| US5470904A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1995-11-28 | The Gillette Company | Permanent aqueous marker inks |
| US20090162530A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-25 | Orion Industries, Ltd. | Marked precoated medical device and method of manufacturing same |
| US20090158912A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-25 | Bruce Nesbitt | Marked precoated strings and method of manufacturing same |
| US20090181156A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-16 | Bruce Nesbitt | Marked precoated medical device and method of manufacturing same |
| US20090211909A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-08-27 | Bruce Nesbitt | Marked precoated medical device and method of manufacturing same |
| CN102555566A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 四川华丰企业集团有限公司 | Process for printing characters on polytetrafluoroethylene workpiece |
| US8231926B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2012-07-31 | Innovatech, Llc | Marked precoated medical device and method of manufacturing same |
| US8900652B1 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2014-12-02 | Innovatech, Llc | Marked fluoropolymer surfaces and method of manufacturing same |
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| DE14884C (en) * | MENCK & HAMBROCK in Ottensen b. Altona | Innovations in refrigeration machines | ||
| US2632921A (en) * | 1949-01-18 | 1953-03-31 | Werner H Kreidl | Method for improving the bonding properties of polyethylene plastics |
| US2823146A (en) * | 1954-03-05 | 1958-02-11 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Process of printing an electrical circuit on a chlorinated polymer, resultant article and printing ink |
| US2998332A (en) * | 1959-06-23 | 1961-08-29 | Du Pont | Method for marking a perfluorocarbon resin surface and composition therefor |
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1960
- 1960-02-24 US US10580A patent/US3085912A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE14884C (en) * | MENCK & HAMBROCK in Ottensen b. Altona | Innovations in refrigeration machines | ||
| US2632921A (en) * | 1949-01-18 | 1953-03-31 | Werner H Kreidl | Method for improving the bonding properties of polyethylene plastics |
| US2823146A (en) * | 1954-03-05 | 1958-02-11 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Process of printing an electrical circuit on a chlorinated polymer, resultant article and printing ink |
| US2998332A (en) * | 1959-06-23 | 1961-08-29 | Du Pont | Method for marking a perfluorocarbon resin surface and composition therefor |
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| US3948668A (en) * | 1974-03-15 | 1976-04-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorocarbon-containing printing ink and process for image printing |
| US4711802A (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1987-12-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aqueous ink for use on fluorocarbon surfaces |
| US5223062A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1993-06-29 | Fujikura Ltd. | Resin-insulated cable and method for manufacturing the same |
| US5357058A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1994-10-18 | Fujikura Ltd. | Resin-insulated cable |
| US5470904A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1995-11-28 | The Gillette Company | Permanent aqueous marker inks |
| US5512623A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1996-04-30 | The Gillette Company | Permanent aqueous marker inks |
| US5686519A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1997-11-11 | The Gillette Company | Permanent aqueous marker inks |
| US5804633A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1998-09-08 | The Gillette Company | Permanent aqueous marker inks |
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| US9355621B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2016-05-31 | Innovatech, Llc | Marked precoated strings and method of manufacturing same |
| US9744271B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2017-08-29 | Innovatech, Llc | Marked fluoropolymer surfaces and method of manufacturing same |
| US8900652B1 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2014-12-02 | Innovatech, Llc | Marked fluoropolymer surfaces and method of manufacturing same |
| US9962470B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2018-05-08 | Innovatech, Llc | Marked fluoropolymer surfaces and method of manufacturing same |
| US10111987B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2018-10-30 | Innovatech, Llc | Marked fluoropolymer surfaces and method of manufacturing same |
| CN102555566A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-07-11 | 四川华丰企业集团有限公司 | Process for printing characters on polytetrafluoroethylene workpiece |
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