US3150379A - Single clip disposable applicator - Google Patents

Single clip disposable applicator Download PDF

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US3150379A
US3150379A US176632A US17663262A US3150379A US 3150379 A US3150379 A US 3150379A US 176632 A US176632 A US 176632A US 17663262 A US17663262 A US 17663262A US 3150379 A US3150379 A US 3150379A
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clip
arms
applicator
length
spaced
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Adolph M Brown
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/10—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for applying or removing wound clamps, e.g. containing only one clamp or staple; Wound clamp magazines

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  • This invention relates to a device for use in the application of clips to efiect joinder of adjacent edges of tissue, such as skin, and the like, and it relates more particularly to a skin clip applicator which is of such construction and low cost as to enable sterilization and use for a single application.
  • FIGURE 1 is an enlarged perspective View, taken from the bottom side, of the clip applicator with a clip in mounted position therein;
  • FlGURE 2 is a perspective View of one form of clip which may be used with the applicator of FIG. 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the clip shown in FIG. 2 in closed position
  • FIGURE 4 is a perspective view from the topside of the clip applicator shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of FIG. 4;
  • FIGURE 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6-6 of FIG. 4;
  • FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of a modified form of clip which may be used in the applicators of FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • such skin or surgical clip comprises a clip of elongate, laterally spaced apart arms 10 and 12 interconnected at one end ice by a deformable cross arm or bail 14.
  • the free ends of the arms are formed with spurs or prongs 16 extending laterally inwardly and downwardly from the end portions of the arms to a point or spicule intended to enter into the underlying tissue or skin when they are displaced in the direction towards each other while the spurs or spicules are in surface contact with the underlying skin or tissue.
  • the spurs or spicules engage into spaced apart portions of the skin or tissue to bring them together as the arms of the clip are continued to be displaced in the direction towards each other.
  • the spurs or spicules extend inwardly and downwardly from the end portion of the spaced arms, the outer end portions of which are oifset inwardly from the lateral outer edges to provide shoulders.
  • the spurs or spicules 16 extend inwardly and downwardly from a portion of the arms 10 and 12 spaced a short distance inwardly from the ends to provide stop shoulders 18 and 2% on each side of the prongs which limit the amount of entrance into the engaged skin or tissue.
  • the cross arm portion 14 is preferably located in the same plane as the arms 10 and 12. In the alternative, they can be formed with a slight upward curvature with the highest point at about the center to facilitate deformation or the clip from both open to closed position. Similarly the bail or cross arm 14 can be formed with lesser thickness at the center 22 so as to concentrate the bend in the central portion of the bail when the arms are displaced in the direction towards each other from open to closed position.
  • the spicules or prongs can be of various dimensions depending upon the use to be made of the clip. As defined in the aforementioned copending applications, they may be dimensioned to have a length preferably greater than 0.005 inch up to 0.1 inch and pref erably about 0.25 inch.
  • the applicator identified by the numeral 30, comprises a frame member formed of a structurally strong but deformable material having a pair of laterally spaced apart arms 32 and 34 and a bail or interconnecting cross arm 36 joining the laterally spaced apart arms at one end.
  • the arms comprise clamping end portions wherein the end portions are spaced one from the other by an amount which is less than the width of the clip member adapted to be mounted therebetween.
  • the arms are formed with grooves 38 which extend inwardly from the forward edge for a distance which is slightly less than the length of the clip member and which extends laterally into the inner walls of the clamping end portions of the arms by an amount whereby the spaced relationship between the outer walls of the groove is slightly greater than the width of the clip.
  • the clip can be displaced endwise to be received in fitting relationship within the grooved end portion of the applicator with the down-turned prongs 1d projectingfrom the end portion of the applicator.
  • the length of the grooved portion will preferably correspond -to the length of the clip beyond the spurs or spicules.
  • the end portions of the arms are dimensioned to be of lesser thickness than the remainder by an amount corresponding to the location of the groove with the grooved portion retained only at the base to extend crosswise of the clip arms at a level flush with the bottom walls of the end portions of lesser thickness so that the bail 14 of the clip can be received therein for support in position of use with the remainder of the clip arms being unobstructed from the underside.
  • the abutnrents can, be positio'nedtonepend' adjacentrthe lateral edges of the o'ifset armz portionybut" in the path of the shoulders to hold the "clip against inadvertent forward displacement from its-position "of useiin' the holder.
  • 2*It is preferred to fabricate the applicator of plastic maiterial; since such "materials .are readily available. at low "cost? and inexpensively molded to the desired construc- '-"'tion'to:2provide.a' throw away'unit. It' can be easily sterilized orfmaintaineclinra sterile state when the-clip iisrnaintained in position of use thereinp In'practice, the Ficlip isin'serted with' the base of .theclip' received within the slotted'po'rtionfor support and with the down-turned spurs extending down'walrdlyifrom' between the clamping I end portions of 'the applicator,- as illustrated 'in-the drawtings. j Theassenibly can be sterilized in advance and then packaged in *a setrilized state for use.
  • V 1 For use with clips formed of a flat: strip having ⁇ spaced arms interconnectedatv one endportion. and-by a deformable bail and having spurs extending inwardly. in
  • a clip. holder and applicator comprisihga pairof laterally spaced'apart arms-interconnected at one end and formed of a material which enablesdeforrnatiou for-displacement of-the-Opposite ends of.
  • said arms in the direction towards and away from each other between open and closed positions respectively, responsive to the application of lateral'pressure, said anns being recessed in the underside from the a 1 forward end-portion rearwardly fora distance whic'h is less than the length of the clip, a groove extending as a continuation from-the rearward end portion 'of-the recess and substantially flush Withithe underside of the recessed 40 --portions of said arms and dimensionedtov have a depth at' aleast corresponding touthe: diiference between.
  • crosswise dimension of the clip'and with the abutmeuts spaced 1forwardly 'fromthe base of the;:grooveby an amount slightly less than the length of the clip vto-position the ahutm'ents adjacent the lateral edges :of the forward end positionof the clip when in position of use.
  • a clip holder and applicator comprising a pair of 5- laterally spaced apart arms; having crosswise dimension greater than the' crosswise dimension of the" clip, de-
  • a clip holder and applicator as claimed in claim 4 in which the end portion of the arms of the holder forwardly of the groove are formed with a bottom wall offset upwardly to align the bottom Wall flush with the groove whereby no obstructions other than the groove forming portion underline the clip when in position of use.

Description

Sept. 29, 1964 A. M. BROWN 3,150,379
SINGLE CLIP DISPOSABLE APPLICATOR Filed March 1, 1962 /0 FIG. 1
W m. x
IN VEN TOR.
Adolph M. Brown United States Patent 3,15%,379 SINGLE CL DlSYG-SABLE APPLXCATOR Adolph M. Brown, 9735 Wilshire Blvd, Beverly Hills, Calii, assignor of twenty percent to Ernest E. Wood and twenty percent to Rene G. Le Vaux Filed Mar. 1, 1962, Ser. No. 176,632 7 Claims. (Cl. 1-349) This invention relates to a device for use in the application of clips to efiect joinder of adjacent edges of tissue, such as skin, and the like, and it relates more particularly to a skin clip applicator which is of such construction and low cost as to enable sterilization and use for a single application.
In my copending applications Serial No. 10,595, filed February 24-, 1960, and entitled Means and Method for Suturing Wounds and Elements for Use in Same, now Patent No. 3,098,232, issued July 23, 1963, and Serial No. 130,630, filed August 10, 1961, and entitled Surgical Clip, disclosure is made of a clip and applicator in which a cartridge containing a multiplicity of clips may be loaded for repeated application in effecting skin closure or in an anastomosis for joining free ends of connective tissue or vessels. While a device of the type described finds excellent use in surgery and the like, the applicator is a rather complicated and expensive structure and maintenance of sterile conditions until the cartridge of clips has been used is sometimes difficult to achieve.
Thus, there is a need for a single clip applicator which is of such low cost and simple construction as to enable the applicator to be thrown away once the clip therein has been used, thereby to comprise a single use throv away applicator which can be initially sterilized.
It is an object of this invention to produce a clip applicator of the type described and it is a related object to produce a clip applicator which is simple in construction, which is easy in operation, which can retain a single clip in position of use, which can be sterilized when assembled as a package, with or without the clip therein, which is of low cost and therefore capable of economical and efiicient use as a throw-away applicator, which re-' tains the clip in position of use to be readily accessible to the elements to be joined, which is fully accessible for observation properly to position the clip for application, and which is effective to achieve clip application and closure in a simple and efiicient manner.
These and other objects and advantages of this invention will hereinafter appear and, for purposes of illustration, but not of limitation, embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is an enlarged perspective View, taken from the bottom side, of the clip applicator with a clip in mounted position therein;
FlGURE 2 is a perspective View of one form of clip which may be used with the applicator of FIG. 1;
FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the clip shown in FIG. 2 in closed position;
FIGURE 4 is a perspective view from the topside of the clip applicator shown in FIG. 1;
FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of FIG. 4;
FIGURE 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6-6 of FIG. 4; and
FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of a modified form of clip which may be used in the applicators of FIGS. 1 and 4.
Referring first to the skin clip with which the applicator is intended to be used, reference can be made to the aforementioned copending applications for a more detailed description thereof. Briefly described, such skin or surgical clip comprises a clip of elongate, laterally spaced apart arms 10 and 12 interconnected at one end ice by a deformable cross arm or bail 14. The free ends of the arms are formed with spurs or prongs 16 extending laterally inwardly and downwardly from the end portions of the arms to a point or spicule intended to enter into the underlying tissue or skin when they are displaced in the direction towards each other while the spurs or spicules are in surface contact with the underlying skin or tissue. Thus the spurs or spicules engage into spaced apart portions of the skin or tissue to bring them together as the arms of the clip are continued to be displaced in the direction towards each other.
In the modification illustrated in FIGS. 16, the spurs or spicules extend inwardly and downwardly from the end portion of the spaced arms, the outer end portions of which are oifset inwardly from the lateral outer edges to provide shoulders. In the modification shown in FIG. 7, the spurs or spicules 16 extend inwardly and downwardly from a portion of the arms 10 and 12 spaced a short distance inwardly from the ends to provide stop shoulders 18 and 2% on each side of the prongs which limit the amount of entrance into the engaged skin or tissue.
The cross arm portion 14 is preferably located in the same plane as the arms 10 and 12. In the alternative, they can be formed with a slight upward curvature with the highest point at about the center to facilitate deformation or the clip from both open to closed position. Similarly the bail or cross arm 14 can be formed with lesser thickness at the center 22 so as to concentrate the bend in the central portion of the bail when the arms are displaced in the direction towards each other from open to closed position. The spicules or prongs can be of various dimensions depending upon the use to be made of the clip. As defined in the aforementioned copending applications, they may be dimensioned to have a length preferably greater than 0.005 inch up to 0.1 inch and pref erably about 0.25 inch.
The applicator, identified by the numeral 30, comprises a frame member formed of a structurally strong but deformable material having a pair of laterally spaced apart arms 32 and 34 and a bail or interconnecting cross arm 36 joining the laterally spaced apart arms at one end. At the opposite ends, the arms comprise clamping end portions wherein the end portions are spaced one from the other by an amount which is less than the width of the clip member adapted to be mounted therebetween. In the clamping end portions, the arms are formed with grooves 38 which extend inwardly from the forward edge for a distance which is slightly less than the length of the clip member and which extends laterally into the inner walls of the clamping end portions of the arms by an amount whereby the spaced relationship between the outer walls of the groove is slightly greater than the width of the clip. Thus the clip can be displaced endwise to be received in fitting relationship within the grooved end portion of the applicator with the down-turned prongs 1d projectingfrom the end portion of the applicator. When the applicator is adapted to be used with clips having the spurs or spicules spaced a short distance from the ends of the arms, as in FIG. 7, the length of the grooved portion will preferably correspond -to the length of the clip beyond the spurs or spicules.
In the preferred practice of this invention, instead of providing grooves 38, the end portions of the arms are dimensioned to be of lesser thickness than the remainder by an amount corresponding to the location of the groove with the grooved portion retained only at the base to extend crosswise of the clip arms at a level flush with the bottom walls of the end portions of lesser thickness so that the bail 14 of the clip can be received therein for support in position of use with the remainder of the clip arms being unobstructed from the underside. In effect,
i by an" amount slightly: greater than the width of the end -"POI'fiOIIE'Of thBGIiP adapted to lietherebetween when the 1 "bail 'ofrtheclip is receivediin the groove and which are fspacediorw'ardly from .the base of the; groove by an 7 amount slightly less than theplen'gth -of' theclipso that ""the abutr'he'ntsiwill be in position to engage the lateral L fedges bfZthe"clip'to eflect deformation from open to I closed position responsive to displacement of the clip 'a'rrns inthe direction towards each other. 'In this construc -"'tion,'i the clip member is retained in position of use: by "the" portion 'which:.is received with in the remaining *groove,-'while the major portion of. the clip is free of the "fapplicator to enable relative movement in a downward "directionas well'as endwise-movement to withdraw the "bail from the groove of theeapplic'ator when the clip has been deformed to closed position. Under these circum- 1 1 stances;- the .abutments 40 operate 'to stabilize the lateral .'-'position -of* the clip so thatthe=groove38 defined be- "tweenthe top wall '42'and the overhang 44' can extend "continuouslycrosswise of the applicator. 'When use is 'rn'adeof clip'sihavingthe previously-described offsetsin the forward. end 'portions, the abutnrents can, be positio'nedtonepend' adjacentrthe lateral edges of the o'ifset armz portionybut" in the path of the shoulders to hold the "clip against inadvertent forward displacement from its-position "of useiin' the holder. v
2 The-arms 32 and 34 -can:be"provided with facing abut- "-ments46iand 48 "adjacent" the free end portions. with the spacingbetween the'abutments calculated to correspond *totheiamounf of deformation required to take placebetween the applicator arms to bring the spicules of "the inserted clip'into closed position. L Thus the 'abutments ="serveas stops to prevent excessive closure of' the inserted "clip me'mbers.
:- Further; theapp'licator 'can'be formed with the clampingendportionstapered downwardlyfr'omia point spaced "fiomithe' 'endsto'reduceithe. amount of material in the clamping'end :portion 'of the. applicator. and thereby to increasethevisibility-for'propertapplication of the clip.
The'applicator can be molded 'in onepiece of. a suita'ble plastic i-material, such'as polyacrylate, polystyrene, -cellulose=:acetate, cellulose: 'acetate-butyrate, polyvinyl chloride;polyvinylacetateand the like. Instead itican *"befrabricat'ed' 'ofim'e'tal" or the like deformable material.
2*It is preferred to fabricate the applicator of plastic maiterial; since such "materials .are readily available. at low "cost? and inexpensively molded to the desired construc- '-"'tion'to:2provide.a' throw away'unit. It' can be easily sterilized orfmaintaineclinra sterile state when the-clip iisrnaintained in position of use thereinp In'practice, the Ficlip isin'serted with' the base of .theclip' received within the slotted'po'rtionfor support and with the down-turned spurs extending down'walrdlyifrom' between the clamping I end portions of 'the applicator,- as illustrated 'in-the drawtings. j Theassenibly can be sterilized in advance and then packaged in *a setrilized state for use.
-11; use', the'applicator isiheld between the thumb and *forefingerrlin'p'osition to press the spurs. onto the surfaces to 'be'clam'ped. *In response to finger pressure'applied to 'W'thespac'ed arms," the arms -of the applicator will be de- *formed -for displacement in "the' direction toward each i other with thebase functioning asthe pivot. This causes the. endportion' of theclip arms similarly tobe displac ed in thei direction toward'each'other whereby-the spicule penetr'ates i ntlo the underlying tissueifor' attachment to '4 a bring the spaced portions of the tissue together .as the applicatorandclip arms are further deformed totclosed position. Thus, the clip is deformed from open to closed position with the spaced portions of the tissue engaged 5 therebetwen. When in closed position, the applicator arms can be released forreturn to original position, if
formed of resilient-material, or otherwise to remain in 7 closed positionand the'applicator can be rearwardly displacedto freethe clip fronr'the'positioning' slot of the 10 applicator t lereby to leave the clip in closed orclamping position of use. T p
It will be apparent from the foregoing that I have pro- "vided a clip applicator-which is'capable-of singleuse for mounting a skin 'or'surgical' clip and for-the application of same to effect joinder of tissue. It will be understood that the applicatorsdescribed-can be; discarded after: a single use but'that it also may be r'eloaded,'if desired, with single clips to effectmultiple usage.
It Willbe understood that changes may be-made zin the details of construction,'arrangementand operation without'departing from; the spirit of'the invention, especially as defined in the following. claims.
I claim: V 1 1. For use with clips formed of a flat: strip having {spaced arms interconnectedatv one endportion. and-by a deformable bail and having spurs extending inwardly. in
the direction towards each other from the: opposite unconnected free end portions of the arms, a clip. holder and applicator comprisihga pairof laterally spaced'apart arms-interconnected at one end and formed of a material which enablesdeforrnatiou for-displacement of-the-Opposite ends of. said armsin the direction towards and away from each other between open and closed positions respectively, responsive to the application of lateral'pressure, said anns being recessed in the underside from the a 1 forward end-portion rearwardly fora distance whic'h is less than the length of the clip, a groove extending as a continuation from-the rearward end portion 'of-the recess and substantially flush Withithe underside of the recessed 40 --portions of said arms and dimensionedtov have a depth at' aleast corresponding touthe: diiference between. the
crosswise dimension of the clip'and with the abutmeuts spaced=1forwardly 'fromthe base of the;:grooveby an amount slightly less than the length of the clip vto-position the ahutm'ents adjacent the lateral edges :of the forward end positionof the clip when in position of use.
- 2. :Aclip holder--and;applicatoras claimed inclaim 1,
in which the holder and applicator isa plastic. material *ofu'nitary construction.
3.3A"'c lip holder an d applicator asclaimed in claim 1, 0 which includes stops'between thearrns spaced one from the other by an amount for engagement zone E'With'the other when the arms are displaced to closed-position.
4. For use with'clips'formed of a flat strip having spacedarnis interconnected atone end portion 'by a bail. 5 'which is formed with a weakness in its. midportion for deformation thereof responsive to the;application"of lateral pressure on the forward portions of the spaced "arms and havingspurs extending inwardly in the. direction towards each other from the2oppositelunconnected'endpor- 7 tion, a clip holder and applicator comprising a pair of 5- laterally spaced apart arms; having crosswise dimension greater than the' crosswise dimension of the" clip, de-
' *formable means interconnecting the arms at'rtheir:rear.-
ward end'portiom-forwardly facing, crosswise extending "7 5; grooves inian intermediate "portion of said. arms dimen sioned slidably to receive the bail portion of a clip mem ber therein with the unconnected spur end portions of the clip arms adjacent the forward end portions of the holder arms, and abntments on the forward end portions of the holder arms spaced one from the other laterally by an amount greater than the spaced relation between the lateral edges of the clip and spaced forwardly from the base of the groove by an amount less than the length of the clip whereby the abutments are positioned alongside the lateral edges of the adjacent unconnected spur ends of the clip when the clip is in position of use in the holder with the hail of the clip received Within said grooves.
5. A clip holder and applicator as claimed in claim 4, in which the end portion of the arms of the holder forwardly of the groove are formed with a bottom wall offset upwardly to align the bottom Wall flush with the groove whereby no obstructions other than the groove forming portion underline the clip when in position of use.
6. A clip holder and applicator as clahned in claim 4, in which the arms are formed with inwardly extending abutments in at least one of the arms having a spaced relationship therebetween corresponding to the amount of displacement calculated to take place when the arms are displaced to closed position.
7. A clip holder and applicator as claimed in claim 4, in which the holder and applicator are molded in one piece of a plastic material.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

Claims (1)

1. FOR USE WITH CLIPS FORMED OF A FLAT STRIP HAVING SPACED ARMS INTERCONNECTED AT ONE END PORTION AND BY A DEFORMABLE BAIL AND HAVING SPURS EXTENDING INWARDLY IN THE DIRECTION TOWARDS EACH OTHER FROM THE OPPOSITE UNCONNECTED FREE END PORTIONS OF THE ARMS, A CLIP HOLDER AND APPLICATOR COMPRISING A PAIR OF LATERALLY SPACED APART ARMS INTERCONNECTED AT ONE END AND FORMED OF A MATERIAL WHICH ENABLES DEFORMATION FOR DISPLACEMENT OF THE OPPOSITE ENDS OF SAID ARMS IN THE DIRECTION TOWARDS AND AWAY FROM EACH OTHER BETWEEN OPEN AND CLOSED POSITIONS RESPECTIVELY, RESPONSIVE TO THE APPLICATION OF LATERAL PRESSURE, SAID ARMS BEING RECESSED IN THE UNDERSIDE FROM THE FORWARD END PORTION REARWARDLY FOR A DISTANCE WHICH IS LESS THAN THE LENGTH OF THE CLIP, A GROOVE EXTENDING AS A CONTINUATION FROM THE REARWARD END PORTION OF THE RECESS AND SUBSTANTIALLY FLUSH WITH THE UNDERSIDE OF THE RECESSED PORTIONS OF SAID ARMS AND DIMENSIONED TO HAVE A DEPTH AT LEAST CORRESPONDING TO THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LENGTH OF THE RECESSED PORTION AND THE LENGTH OF THE CLIP AND A WIDTH GREATER THAN THE THICKNESS OF THE CLIP TO RECEIVE THE BAIL PORTION OF THE CLIP IN SLIDING RELATIONSHIP THEREIN FOR SUPPORT OF THE CLIP ON THE UNDERSIDE OF THE ARMS, AND ABUTMENTS EXTENDING DOWNWARDLY FROM THE UNCONNECTED FREE END PORTIONS OF THE ARMS INTO THE RECESSED PORTIONS OF THE ARMS WITH THE ABUTMENT IN ONE ARM SEPARATED LATERALLY FROM THE ABUTMENT IN THE OTHER BY AN AMOUNT SLIGHTLY GREATER THAN THE CORRESPONDING CROSSWISE DIMENSION OF THE CLIP AND WITH THE ABUTMENTS SPACED FORWARDLY FROM THE BASE OF THE GROOVE BY AN AMOUNT SLIGHTLY LESS THAN THE LENGTH OF THE CLIP TO POSITION THE ABUTMENTS ADJACENT THE LATERAL EDGES OF THE FORWARD END POSITION OF THE CLIP WHEN IN POSITION OF USE.
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Cited By (65)

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US3203220A (en) * 1963-07-24 1965-08-31 Ethicon Inc Surgical staple applicator
US4444181A (en) * 1980-11-10 1984-04-24 Queen's University At Kingston Bone clip
US4446865A (en) * 1981-03-16 1984-05-08 Ethicon, Inc. Plastic ligating clips
US4610250A (en) * 1985-10-08 1986-09-09 United States Surgical Corporation Two-part surgical fastener for fascia wound approximation
US4929240A (en) * 1983-12-01 1990-05-29 University Of New Mexico Surgical clip and applier
US5292326A (en) * 1990-09-13 1994-03-08 United States Surgical Corporation Apparatus and method for subcuticular stapling of body tissue
US5389102A (en) * 1990-09-13 1995-02-14 United States Surgical Corporation Apparatus and method for subcuticular stapling of body tissue
US5423856A (en) * 1990-09-13 1995-06-13 United States Surgical Corporation Apparatus and method for subcuticular stapling of body tissue
US5879371A (en) * 1997-01-09 1999-03-09 Elective Vascular Interventions, Inc. Ferruled loop surgical fasteners, instruments, and methods for minimally invasive vascular and endoscopic surgery
US5941890A (en) * 1998-06-26 1999-08-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Implantable surgical marker
US6083237A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-07-04 Ethico Endo-Surgery, Inc. Biopsy instrument with tissue penetrating spiral
US6149658A (en) * 1997-01-09 2000-11-21 Coalescent Surgical, Inc. Sutured staple surgical fasteners, instruments and methods for minimally invasive vascular and endoscopic surgery
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US6425903B1 (en) 2000-05-09 2002-07-30 James W. Voegele Implantable surgical marker
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US7390329B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2008-06-24 Usgi Medical, Inc. Methods for grasping and cinching tissue anchors
US7416554B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2008-08-26 Usgi Medical Inc Apparatus and methods for forming and securing gastrointestinal tissue folds
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US20090259249A1 (en) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-15 Medtronic Vascular, Inc. Arteriotomy stapling system for non-orthogonal tissue tracks and methods of use therein
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US7678135B2 (en) 2004-06-09 2010-03-16 Usgi Medical, Inc. Compressible tissue anchor assemblies
US7695493B2 (en) 2004-06-09 2010-04-13 Usgi Medical, Inc. System for optimizing anchoring force
US7704264B2 (en) 1999-06-25 2010-04-27 Usgi Medical, Inc. Apparatus and methods for forming and securing gastrointestinal tissue folds
US7722643B2 (en) 1999-03-01 2010-05-25 Medtronic, Inc. Tissue connector apparatus and methods
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