US3278331A - Process for coating steel with zinc - Google Patents

Process for coating steel with zinc Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3278331A
US3278331A US478020A US47802065A US3278331A US 3278331 A US3278331 A US 3278331A US 478020 A US478020 A US 478020A US 47802065 A US47802065 A US 47802065A US 3278331 A US3278331 A US 3278331A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
zinc
strip
temperature
chamber
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US478020A
Inventor
Kendrick C Taylor
David E Stokes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pennwalt Corp
Original Assignee
Pennsalt Chemical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pennsalt Chemical Corp filed Critical Pennsalt Chemical Corp
Priority to US478020A priority Critical patent/US3278331A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3278331A publication Critical patent/US3278331A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C14/024—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
    • C23C14/025—Metallic sublayers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/938—Vapor deposition or gas diffusion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
    • Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coating process, and more particularly to a process for coating a metal with a layer of zinc.
  • the present invention is capable of providing a layer of Zinc on one or both sides of a substrate of metal. This is accomplished by first providing a thin alloy layer between the zinc and .the metal. Then, the alloy layer is coated With zinc. The temperature ranges and other relationships necessary to attain 4this result are set ⁇ forth in greater detail hereinafter.
  • the process of the present invention may be performed with a metal substrate moving at a rate of 2000 feet per minute.
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel process for coating a 4metal substrate with a metalic coating.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic flow chart.
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view of apparatus which may be utilized in performing the method of the present invention.
  • the metal article or substrate to be coated which may be a ferrous or non-ferrous metal, is in a heated condition. Such heated condition may be attained before it enters the coating chamber which can be hermetically sealed and eva-cuated or it may be attained in the chamber.
  • the metal article to be coated ⁇ may be cleaned and degreased prior to entering the coating chamber.
  • the coating chamber contains a source of zinc coating mate- Mice rial. While the following description refers to zinc as the coating material, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other metals such as aluminum may be substituted.
  • the metal article to be coated is preferably in strip form such as a strip steel.
  • the process of the present invention is preferably applied to the metal article immediately as it is made.
  • the process of the present invention may be an integral part off the process for making strip steel.
  • strip steel may be continuously coated with a layer of zinc on one side as it is being made.
  • the present invention may be practiced without disrupting the lconventional process for making strip steel.
  • FIGURE 2 there is illustrated lapparatus 10 which per se forms no part of the present invention but may be utilized to practice ⁇ the present invention.
  • the apparatus 10 includes a housing 12 having a chamber 14 therein which is adapted to be evacuated by way of conduit 16.
  • a substrate 18 adapted to be coated may first be fed through a chamber 20.
  • the coated substrate 18 may be removed from the conduit 14 by way of an evacuated chamber 32.
  • the process of the present invention may include placing a hermetically sealed evacuated chamber 20 in the production line such as after the annealing and cleaning apparatus.
  • the chambers 1'4, 20 and 30 will have roller ⁇ type inlet ⁇ and outlet seals at opposite ends of the chambers 14, 20 and 30 so that the strip steel continuously passes through the chambers 14, 20 and 30.
  • Each roller type seal includes a plurality of spaced rollers sealingly engaging the strip steel so as not to disturb the vacuum in the chambers 14, 20 and 30.
  • the source 24 of lthe zinc coating material is heated to the temperature at which the coating material evaporates at the pressure within the coating chamber.
  • the Zinc will be lheated above lthe vaporization temperature for the pressure of the evacuated chamber 14. For example, zinc vaporizes at a temperature of 343 C. to 405 C. over a pressure range olf .01 mm. of mercury to .1 mm. of mercury, respectively. At such pressure, the zinc would be superheated to temperatures ⁇ in excess of 450 C.
  • the metal substrate 1&8 may be heated to a temperature between ambient temperature and ⁇ the vaporization temperature of zinc, such as 300 F. to drive off impurities such as gases and surface clean the substrate. Such heating of the substrate may be accomplished with conventional equipment in the chamber 20 such as by coil 22W or prior entry into the chamber 20. The former is preferred.
  • the vapors from the zinc coa-ting material evaporate in a line-of-sight orientation, oriented toward the metal substrate 18.
  • the vapors of the coating material which contact the lheated continuously moving metal substrate 1'8, such as strip steel, will condense on the cooler metal substrate to provide a thin layer of the zinc between .000001 and .0001 inch thick on the steel strip.
  • the metal substrate 18 is cooler than the zinc and the exposure time is short so that only a small amount of Zinc condenses on the metal substrate 18.
  • the metal substrate 1'8 is heated to an elevated temperature by coils 26 to cause the thin layer of ⁇ zinc to form an alloy layer of zinc and the substrate. It has been found that -an alloy layer of zinc and steel results when such steel strip has a temperature of approximately 450 C. or slightly above. This step of forming an alloy layer is considered to be an important feature of the ypresent invention.
  • the steel strip 18 is cooled lto a temperature which is below the temperature of the zinc coating material by plates 28.
  • the steel strip 18 continues to -be exposed to vaporized zinc from source 30.
  • the alloying process has reduced sharply and vaporized zinc from source 30 is now coated on the zinc-steel alloy layer.
  • the zinc coating on lthe alloy layer may be extremely thin and have a thickness between .0000011 to .001 inch.
  • the process of the present invention permits ease of control of the amount of the coating material applied to the metal article so that thin films of the zinc coating material can be obtained.
  • strongly adherent layers of zinc of a thickness from 1 to 1000 microinches have been obtained on metal articles.
  • the present invention includes condensing a metallic vapor on a metal substrate in two stages with intermediate ⁇ steps of heating the substrate to obtain an alloy Ilayer and then cooling the substrate prior to the second condensing phase.
  • a process for coating a strip of steel with a layer of zinc comprising the steps of feeding said strip through a chamber, evacuating said chamber, heating said strip to a temperature between about ambient temperature and the vaporization temperature of zinc at lthe pressure in said chamber but below the alloying ltemperature of zinc and steel, exposing said strip to zinc vapors while the strip is in said chamber and at said temperature to condense a ⁇ film of zinc between 1 and 100 micro-inches thick on said strip while maintaining the vacuum in said chamber, then heating 4the strip and ⁇ film to an alloying temperature of approximately 460 C. to form an alloy of said zinc film and strip, then cooling the thusly-coated strip, then coat-ing the alloy film with a thin layer of zinc while the alloy film is at a temperature below the vaporization temperature of zinc.
  • a process -in accordance with claim 1 wherein said step of coa-ting the alloy ⁇ film with a thin layer of zinc comprises exposing the strip to the vapors of zinc to condense a film of zinc thereon.
  • a process of coating a strip of steel with a layer of zinc comprising continuously feeding said strip through a chamber, evacuat-ing said chamber to a pressure of between 0.1 to 300 microns, heating said strip to a temperature being between about ambient temperature and the vaporization temperature of zinc at the pressure in said chamber but below the alloying temperature of zinc and steel, exposing Ithe strip while it is at said temperature to the vapors of zinc to condense a film of zinc between 1 and 100 microinches thick on the stri-p while maintaining the vacuum in the chamber, then heating the strip to an alloying temperature of approximately 460 C. to form an alloy of said zinc film and strip, then cooling the thusly-coated strip of steel, and then coating the alloy film Iwith a thin layer of zinc while the alloy film is at a temperature below the vaporization temperature of zinc.
  • a process in accordance with claim 4 wherein said step of coating the a-lloy ⁇ film with a thin layer of zinc comprises exposing the strip to the vapors of zinc to condense a lm of zinc thereon.

Description

Oct. 11, 1966 K. c. TAYLOR ET AL 3,278,331
PROCESS FOR COATING STEEL WITH ZINC Filed July 26, 1965 U2; 5.6K E nkw Qmbu QSL INVENTORS. /fE/VDR/CK C. TAYLOR DAV/0 E. .STO/(E5 ATTORNEYS.
United States Patent O 3,278,331 PROCESS FOR COATING STEEL WITH ZINC Kendrick C. Taylor, Oreland, and David E. Stokes, Jenkintown, Pa., assiguors to Pennsalt Chemicals Corporation, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed July 26, 1965, Ser. No. 478,020 5 Claims. (Cl. 117-107.1)
This application is a continuation-in-part of our copending application Serial No. 196,869 tiled on May 23,
1962, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to a coating process, and more particularly to a process for coating a metal with a layer of zinc.
It has become desirable to coat many metal objects, both ferrous and non-ferrous metals, with a layer of zinc. However, it has been found that a Imajor problem in coating a metal object with zinc is to obtain a strong adhesion 'between the zinc coating and the metal object. Heretofore attempts have been ymade to achieve a strong bond between a metal object and a zinc coating by thoroughly cleaning and degreasing the metal lobject prior to coating it. Such cleaning processes as pickling, cathodic cleaning, `and grit blasting have been tried. `However, it has been found that merely cleaning the metal article is not sufficient to provide a satisfactory adherence of a zinc coating to the metal object.
Heretofore, attempts to coat sheet steel with Zinc have been generally done by the dip method. Recent demands of the industry lrequire the sheet steel .to be coated on only one side. Attempts `to coat sheet steel on only one side by dipping two sheets back-to-back have not been successful since the process is cumbersome, dilicult to control, and is costly due to its slow rate of production.
The present invention is capable of providing a layer of Zinc on one or both sides of a substrate of metal. This is accomplished by first providing a thin alloy layer between the zinc and .the metal. Then, the alloy layer is coated With zinc. The temperature ranges and other relationships necessary to attain 4this result are set `forth in greater detail hereinafter. The process of the present invention may be performed with a metal substrate moving at a rate of 2000 feet per minute.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel process =for coating a 4metal substrate with a metalic coating.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a continuous process for coating a metal strip on one side with a strongly adherent layer of zinc.
It is a further obje-ct of the present invention to provide a process for coating istrip steel with a strongly adherent thin layer of zinc.
Other objects will appear hereinafter.
For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is shown in the drawings a form which is presently preferred; it being understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic flow chart.
FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view of apparatus which may be utilized in performing the method of the present invention.
In accordance with the process of the present invention, the metal article or substrate to be coated, which may be a ferrous or non-ferrous metal, is in a heated condition. Such heated condition may be attained before it enters the coating chamber which can be hermetically sealed and eva-cuated or it may be attained in the chamber. The metal article to be coated `may be cleaned and degreased prior to entering the coating chamber. The coating chamber contains a source of zinc coating mate- Mice rial. While the following description refers to zinc as the coating material, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other metals such as aluminum may be substituted.
The metal article to be coated is preferably in strip form such as a strip steel. The process of the present invention is preferably applied to the metal article immediately as it is made. Thus, the process of the present invention may be an integral part off the process for making strip steel. -In this manner, strip steel may be continuously coated with a layer of zinc on one side as it is being made. In order to accomplish this `desirable result, the present invention may be practiced without disrupting the lconventional process for making strip steel.
In FIGURE 2, there is illustrated lapparatus 10 which per se forms no part of the present invention but may be utilized to practice `the present invention. The apparatus 10 includes a housing 12 having a chamber 14 therein which is adapted to be evacuated by way of conduit 16. A substrate 18 adapted to be coated may first be fed through a chamber 20. The coated substrate 18 may be removed from the conduit 14 by way of an evacuated chamber 32.
The process of the present invention may include placing a hermetically sealed evacuated chamber 20 in the production line such as after the annealing and cleaning apparatus. The chambers 1'4, 20 and 30 will have roller `type inlet `and outlet seals at opposite ends of the chambers 14, 20 and 30 so that the strip steel continuously passes through the chambers 14, 20 and 30. Each roller type seal includes a plurality of spaced rollers sealingly engaging the strip steel so as not to disturb the vacuum in the chambers 14, 20 and 30.
While maintaining the vacuum within the coating chamber 14 at a pressure *between .l and 300 microns, the source 24 of lthe zinc coating material is heated to the temperature at which the coating material evaporates at the pressure within the coating chamber. The Zinc will be lheated above lthe vaporization temperature for the pressure of the evacuated chamber 14. For example, zinc vaporizes at a temperature of 343 C. to 405 C. over a pressure range olf .01 mm. of mercury to .1 mm. of mercury, respectively. At such pressure, the zinc would be superheated to temperatures `in excess of 450 C.
The metal substrate 1&8 may be heated to a temperature between ambient temperature and `the vaporization temperature of zinc, such as 300 F. to drive off impurities such as gases and surface clean the substrate. Such heating of the substrate may be accomplished with conventional equipment in the chamber 20 such as by coil 22W or prior entry into the chamber 20. The former is preferred. The vapors from the zinc coa-ting material evaporate in a line-of-sight orientation, oriented toward the metal substrate 18. The vapors of the coating material which contact the lheated continuously moving metal substrate 1'8, such as strip steel, will condense on the cooler metal substrate to provide a thin layer of the zinc between .000001 and .0001 inch thick on the steel strip.
At this point, the metal substrate 18 is cooler than the zinc and the exposure time is short so that only a small amount of Zinc condenses on the metal substrate 18. Thereafter, the metal substrate 1'8 is heated to an elevated temperature by coils 26 to cause the thin layer of `zinc to form an alloy layer of zinc and the substrate. It has been found that -an alloy layer of zinc and steel results when such steel strip has a temperature of approximately 450 C. or slightly above. This step of forming an alloy layer is considered to be an important feature of the ypresent invention.
After the lthin alloy layer of Zinc and steel has been attained, the steel strip 18 is cooled lto a temperature which is below the temperature of the zinc coating material by plates 28. The steel strip 18 continues to -be exposed to vaporized zinc from source 30. However, the alloying process has reduced sharply and vaporized zinc from source 30 is now coated on the zinc-steel alloy layer. By controlling the rate of movement of the steel strip 18 and the rate of vaporization of the zinc from source 30, the zinc coating on lthe alloy layer may be extremely thin and have a thickness between .0000011 to .001 inch.
The process of the present invention permits ease of control of the amount of the coating material applied to the metal article so that thin films of the zinc coating material can be obtained. By the process of the present invent-ion, strongly adherent layers of zinc of a thickness from 1 to 1000 microinches have been obtained on metal articles.
Thus, it will be seen that the present invention includes condensing a metallic vapor on a metal substrate in two stages with intermediate `steps of heating the substrate to obtain an alloy Ilayer and then cooling the substrate prior to the second condensing phase.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof and, accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specification as indicating the scope of the invention.
We claim:
1. A process for coating a strip of steel with a layer of zinc comprising the steps of feeding said strip through a chamber, evacuating said chamber, heating said strip to a temperature between about ambient temperature and the vaporization temperature of zinc at lthe pressure in said chamber but below the alloying ltemperature of zinc and steel, exposing said strip to zinc vapors while the strip is in said chamber and at said temperature to condense a `film of zinc between 1 and 100 micro-inches thick on said strip while maintaining the vacuum in said chamber, then heating 4the strip and `film to an alloying temperature of approximately 460 C. to form an alloy of said zinc film and strip, then cooling the thusly-coated strip, then coat-ing the alloy film with a thin layer of zinc while the alloy film is at a temperature below the vaporization temperature of zinc.
y2. A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the speed of movement of the strip through said chamber is accomplished so that the combined thickness of the zinc film and zinc layer is from 1 to `1,000 microinches.
3. A process -in accordance with claim 1 wherein said step of coa-ting the alloy `film with a thin layer of zinc comprises exposing the strip to the vapors of zinc to condense a film of zinc thereon.
4. A process of coating a strip of steel with a layer of zinc comprising continuously feeding said strip through a chamber, evacuat-ing said chamber to a pressure of between 0.1 to 300 microns, heating said strip to a temperature being between about ambient temperature and the vaporization temperature of zinc at the pressure in said chamber but below the alloying temperature of zinc and steel, exposing Ithe strip while it is at said temperature to the vapors of zinc to condense a film of zinc between 1 and 100 microinches thick on the stri-p while maintaining the vacuum in the chamber, then heating the strip to an alloying temperature of approximately 460 C. to form an alloy of said zinc film and strip, then cooling the thusly-coated strip of steel, and then coating the alloy film Iwith a thin layer of zinc while the alloy film is at a temperature below the vaporization temperature of zinc.
5. A process in accordance with claim 4 wherein said step of coating the a-lloy `film with a thin layer of zinc comprises exposing the strip to the vapors of zinc to condense a lm of zinc thereon.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,384,500 9/1945 Stoll 117-107.1 2,405,662 8/1946 McManus et al. 117-l07.1 2,442,485 6/1948 Cook 117-107.1 X 2,812,270 11/1957 Alexander 117-1011 ALFRED L. LEAVITT, Primary Examiner.
RALPH S. KENDALL, Examiner.

Claims (2)

1. FIG-01
1. A PROCESS FOR COATING A STRIP OF STEEL WITH A LAYER OF ZINC COMPRISING THE STEPS OF FEEDING SAID STRIP THROUGH A CHAMBER, EVACUATING SAID CHAMBER, HEATING SAID STRIP TO A TEMPERATURE BETWEEN ABOUT AMIBIENT TEMPERATURE AND THE VAPORIZATION TEMPERATURE OF ZINC AT THE PRESSURE IN SAID CHAMBER BUT BELOW THE ALLOYING TEMPERATURE OF ZINC AND STEEL, EXPOSING SAID STRIP TO ZINC VAPORS WHILE THE STRIP IS IN SAID CHAMBER AND AT SAID TEMPERATURE TO CONDENSE A FILM OF ZINC BETWEEN 1 AND 100 MICROINCHES THICK ON SAID STRIP WHILE MAINTAINING THE VACUUM IN SAID CHAMBER. THEN HEATING THE STRIP AND FILM TO ANY ALLOYING TEMPERATURE OF APPROXIAMATELY 460*C. TO FORM AN ALLOY OF SAID ZINC FILM AND STRIP, THEN COOLING THE THUSLY-COATED STRIP, THEN COATING THE ALLOY FILM WITH A THIN LAYER OF ZINC WHILE THE ALLOY FILM IS AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW THE VAPORATION TEMPERATURE OF ZINC.
US478020A 1965-07-26 1965-07-26 Process for coating steel with zinc Expired - Lifetime US3278331A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478020A US3278331A (en) 1965-07-26 1965-07-26 Process for coating steel with zinc

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478020A US3278331A (en) 1965-07-26 1965-07-26 Process for coating steel with zinc

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3278331A true US3278331A (en) 1966-10-11

Family

ID=23898223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US478020A Expired - Lifetime US3278331A (en) 1965-07-26 1965-07-26 Process for coating steel with zinc

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3278331A (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455730A (en) * 1966-08-17 1969-07-15 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Vacuum vapor deposition-control of coating profile
US3690043A (en) * 1968-11-25 1972-09-12 Bodo Futterer Electrofilter for gases
US3690638A (en) * 1970-05-15 1972-09-12 Republic Steel Corp Apparatus and method for vaporizing molten metal
US3936536A (en) * 1974-02-13 1976-02-03 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Method of making rubber-coated wire
US4125679A (en) * 1976-05-14 1978-11-14 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Partially alloyed galvanize product
US4243730A (en) * 1976-05-19 1981-01-06 Nippon Steel Corporation Steel sheet having a zinc coating on one side
EP0023561A1 (en) * 1979-06-20 1981-02-11 Montedison S.p.A. Polycarboxyalkyl-cellulose having high fluid absorbing and retaining properties, and process for preparing same
US4252866A (en) * 1978-11-22 1981-02-24 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Dual layer-coated electro-galvanized steel sheet for coating with excellent bare corrosion resistance, corrosion resistance after coating and formability
US4255467A (en) * 1978-12-22 1981-03-10 Bounds Edward G Method for galvanizing seafood pots
JPS58213871A (en) * 1982-06-07 1983-12-12 Ulvac Corp Method for coating iron substrate with zinc coating with superior adhesive strength
US4649860A (en) * 1984-03-19 1987-03-17 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vacuum evaporation coating equipment
EP0269144A1 (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-06-01 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Process and apparatus for the treatment of coated, elongated substrate, as well as substrates thus treated and articles of polymeric material reinforced with these substrates
FR2626896A1 (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-11 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A QUIET STEEL SHEET BY TITANIUM COATED WITH ZINC ALLIE
FR2708290A1 (en) * 1993-07-27 1995-02-03 Lorraine Laminage Surface treatment of a steel sheet galvanised with heating before it is painted
US5386841A (en) * 1993-05-19 1995-02-07 Stilwagen; Edward Non-chemical lobster trap cleaning apparatus
US5616362A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-04-01 Andritz-Patentverwaltungs-Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process and apparatus for the coating of metal

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2384500A (en) * 1942-07-08 1945-09-11 Crown Cork & Seal Co Apparatus and method of coating
US2405662A (en) * 1941-08-30 1946-08-13 Crown Cork & Seal Co Coating
US2442485A (en) * 1944-06-24 1948-06-01 Frederick C Cook Method of descaling and coating hot-rolled ferrous metal
US2812270A (en) * 1954-01-28 1957-11-05 Continental Can Co Method and apparatus for depositing metal coatings on metal bases

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405662A (en) * 1941-08-30 1946-08-13 Crown Cork & Seal Co Coating
US2384500A (en) * 1942-07-08 1945-09-11 Crown Cork & Seal Co Apparatus and method of coating
US2442485A (en) * 1944-06-24 1948-06-01 Frederick C Cook Method of descaling and coating hot-rolled ferrous metal
US2812270A (en) * 1954-01-28 1957-11-05 Continental Can Co Method and apparatus for depositing metal coatings on metal bases

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3455730A (en) * 1966-08-17 1969-07-15 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Vacuum vapor deposition-control of coating profile
US3690043A (en) * 1968-11-25 1972-09-12 Bodo Futterer Electrofilter for gases
US3690638A (en) * 1970-05-15 1972-09-12 Republic Steel Corp Apparatus and method for vaporizing molten metal
US3936536A (en) * 1974-02-13 1976-02-03 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Method of making rubber-coated wire
US4125679A (en) * 1976-05-14 1978-11-14 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Partially alloyed galvanize product
US4243730A (en) * 1976-05-19 1981-01-06 Nippon Steel Corporation Steel sheet having a zinc coating on one side
US4252866A (en) * 1978-11-22 1981-02-24 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Dual layer-coated electro-galvanized steel sheet for coating with excellent bare corrosion resistance, corrosion resistance after coating and formability
US4255467A (en) * 1978-12-22 1981-03-10 Bounds Edward G Method for galvanizing seafood pots
EP0023561A1 (en) * 1979-06-20 1981-02-11 Montedison S.p.A. Polycarboxyalkyl-cellulose having high fluid absorbing and retaining properties, and process for preparing same
JPS58213871A (en) * 1982-06-07 1983-12-12 Ulvac Corp Method for coating iron substrate with zinc coating with superior adhesive strength
JPS6157905B2 (en) * 1982-06-07 1986-12-09 Ulvac Corp
US4649860A (en) * 1984-03-19 1987-03-17 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Vacuum evaporation coating equipment
EP0269144A1 (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-06-01 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Process and apparatus for the treatment of coated, elongated substrate, as well as substrates thus treated and articles of polymeric material reinforced with these substrates
US5057199A (en) * 1986-10-31 1991-10-15 N. V. Bekaert S. A. Process and apparatus for the treatment of coated, elongated substrate, as well as substrates thus treated and articles of polymeric material reinforced with these substrates
FR2626896A1 (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-08-11 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A QUIET STEEL SHEET BY TITANIUM COATED WITH ZINC ALLIE
US5386841A (en) * 1993-05-19 1995-02-07 Stilwagen; Edward Non-chemical lobster trap cleaning apparatus
US5616362A (en) * 1993-06-02 1997-04-01 Andritz-Patentverwaltungs-Gesellschaft M.B.H. Process and apparatus for the coating of metal
FR2708290A1 (en) * 1993-07-27 1995-02-03 Lorraine Laminage Surface treatment of a steel sheet galvanised with heating before it is painted

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3278331A (en) Process for coating steel with zinc
EP0305573B1 (en) Continuous composite coating apparatus for coating strip
US2812270A (en) Method and apparatus for depositing metal coatings on metal bases
US3326177A (en) Metal vapor coating apparatus
US3181209A (en) Foil production
US3043728A (en) Apparatus and process for metallic vapor coating
EP0629715A1 (en) Process and apparatus for continuous reactive metal deposition in vacuum
US3227132A (en) Apparatus for depositing coatings of tin on a flexible substrate
US2893900A (en) Process of condensing polytetrafluoroethylene vapors onto a substrate and sintering the condensate
US3012904A (en) Oxidizable oxide-free metal coated with metal
US3594214A (en) Method of applying a zinc coating to a sheet-steel base
GB2226334A (en) Multilayer coatings
US3043715A (en) Method and apparatus for vacuum coating metallic substrates
US2898230A (en) Process of cleaning and coating aluminum
US20060096674A1 (en) Method for coating the surface of a metallic material, device for carrying out said method
US3700485A (en) Vacuum vapor deposited zinc coatings
GB966664A (en) Coating process
US2907679A (en) Corrosion- and abrasion-resistant coated metals
JPH07113182A (en) Method and apparatus for coating metallic substrate with coating layer of metal or metal alloy
US3761302A (en) Reducing re evaporation of vacuum vapor deposited coatings
US3211583A (en) Pyrolytic deposition of germanium
US3505094A (en) Titanium-iron eutectic metalizing
JPH02247371A (en) Continuous vacuum vapor deposition or ion plating method for metal strip featuring pretreatment by means of ion beam irradiation
JP2798813B2 (en) High-speed hot-dip plating method
US2545606A (en) Method of coating with plutonium acetylacetonate and coated product