US3282008A - Roof structure - Google Patents

Roof structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3282008A
US3282008A US258584A US25858463A US3282008A US 3282008 A US3282008 A US 3282008A US 258584 A US258584 A US 258584A US 25858463 A US25858463 A US 25858463A US 3282008 A US3282008 A US 3282008A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fire
deck
roof structure
adhered
sheet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US258584A
Inventor
Sheahan James Patrick
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Dow Chemical Co
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Dow Chemical Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US258584A priority Critical patent/US3282008A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249976—Voids specified as closed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249981—Plural void-containing components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
    • Y10T428/31656—With metal layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31707—Next to natural rubber

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to the problem of reducing the flow of combustible roofing materials through an insulated roof structure, in case of an internal fire. A fire in a roofed area can be drastically increased by flow of combustible roofing materials such as asphalt melted by the fire-into the roofed area.
  • the present invention solves the problem in a simple, but effective manner, by providing a filter effect which regulates the flow of any such combustible roofing materials to a rate so low, that fire intensity, or propagation is not increased.
  • the inventive concept includes the use of a fire resistant sheet material between the roof deck and the roofing material, the latter of which may include a layer of thermal insulation.
  • the fire resistant material selected will act as a filter which regulates the flow of combustible materials through the roof deck.
  • the main object of this invention is to provide a method and construction which functions to prevent intensity increase, or propagation of a fire in a roofed area as a result of melted roofing materials flowing into the fire.
  • a more specific object is to provide a fuel barrier to roofing materials for internal fires, whereby the flow of melted combustible reefing materials into the fire is regulated to such a low rate as not to substantially increase the intensity, or propagation of the fire.
  • a further object is to provide an insulated roof structure, including a fuel barrier, which structure is easily formed of materials readily available in the market.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective-like fragmentary view of a roof structure formed in accordance with the method of the invention; and FIG. 2 is an enlarged section view taken through the roof structure of FIG. 1.
  • numeral 6 identifies a roof structure embodying the principles of the invention, which structure is supported upon girders 8, the ends of which may be secured to walls ill (one shown) of a building.
  • the roof structure inludes a metal deck 12, coated over its entirety with a fire resistant adhesive 14, upon which is laid a non-combustible sheet 16, which is not impervious to water vapor.
  • the sheet 16 may be formed of asbestos felt (saturated in conventional manner with asphalt-usually 9 lbs. asphalt per 100 sq. ft. of felt or even non-saturated), flame retardant impregnated paper sheet, glass cloth, intumescent coating on asbestos, perforated metal foil or foil paper laminates.
  • a waterproofing substance such as a hot steep asphalt 18 (190 F. melt) is applied to the sheet 16, and blocks, or sheets 20 of a closed cell insulation, such as expanded polystyrene or polyurethane, are laid directly upon the hot asphalt 18 while still in tacky condition.
  • the insulation thickness will be in accordance with thermal requirement, however, thicknesses in a range of from /1" to 2%" will suifice for most purposes.
  • a 4 ply standard asphalt built-up roof 22 is applied directly upon the insulation 26, using a coated base sheet as the first ply.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in cross-section the resulting roof structure.
  • the non-combustible sheet 16 will regulate the flow of melted roof products during a fire so that the fire is not intensified or propagated by these products, and further, will allow the free passage of moisture vapor thus preventing blistering of the roof.
  • Design objectives will, of course, dictate specifications of the materials being used, however, a highly successful roof structure was formed with a rubber base non-flammable adhesive i4 known as Reflecto Barrier 77", sold by the Refiecto Barrier Sales Co. of Hartford, Connecticut applied at a rate of 0.4 of a gallon per sq. ft., an asbestos sheet 16 of 30 lb./ 100 sq. ft. weight, and the asphalt 18, applied at a rate of 10 lbs. per 100 sq. ft.
  • An improved roof structure which functions to prevent intensity increase and propagation of a fire under said roof structure as a result of melted roofing materials flowing into said fire, comprising in combination, a roof deck, a continuous coating of rubber base fire resistant adhesive on said deck, a non-combustible watervapor pervious sheet adhered by said adhesive to said deck and completely covering said deck, a coating of waterproof substance completely covering said non-com bustible sheet and adhered thereto, a layer of thermoinsulating material adhered to the top of said coating of waterproof substance and at least one layer of roofing material completely covering and adhered to said insulating material.

Description

J. P- SHEAHAN ROOF STRUCTURE Nov. 1, 1966 Filed Feb. 14, 1963 u If H Al INVENTOR. James P 'fzeczkazz QQ LM J. B
3,282,608 RQQF STRUCTURE James Patrick Sheahan, Midland, Mich assignor to The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich, a corporation of Delaware Filed Feb. 14, 1963, Ser. No. 258,584 5 Claims. (Cl. 52-516) This invention is directed to the problem of reducing the flow of combustible roofing materials through an insulated roof structure, in case of an internal fire. A fire in a roofed area can be drastically increased by flow of combustible roofing materials such as asphalt melted by the fire-into the roofed area.
The present invention solves the problem in a simple, but effective manner, by providing a filter effect which regulates the flow of any such combustible roofing materials to a rate so low, that fire intensity, or propagation is not increased. Briefly, the inventive concept includes the use of a fire resistant sheet material between the roof deck and the roofing material, the latter of which may include a layer of thermal insulation. The fire resistant material selected, will act as a filter which regulates the flow of combustible materials through the roof deck.
The main object of this invention is to provide a method and construction which functions to prevent intensity increase, or propagation of a fire in a roofed area as a result of melted roofing materials flowing into the fire.
A more specific object is to provide a fuel barrier to roofing materials for internal fires, whereby the flow of melted combustible reefing materials into the fire is regulated to such a low rate as not to substantially increase the intensity, or propagation of the fire.
A further object is to provide an insulated roof structure, including a fuel barrier, which structure is easily formed of materials readily available in the market.
These and further objects and features of the invention will be more apparent from the following description and accompanying drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective-like fragmentary view of a roof structure formed in accordance with the method of the invention; and FIG. 2 is an enlarged section view taken through the roof structure of FIG. 1.
Referring now to the drawing, numeral 6 identifies a roof structure embodying the principles of the invention, which structure is supported upon girders 8, the ends of which may be secured to walls ill (one shown) of a building. The roof structure inludes a metal deck 12, coated over its entirety with a fire resistant adhesive 14, upon which is laid a non-combustible sheet 16, which is not impervious to water vapor. The sheet 16 may be formed of asbestos felt (saturated in conventional manner with asphalt-usually 9 lbs. asphalt per 100 sq. ft. of felt or even non-saturated), flame retardant impregnated paper sheet, glass cloth, intumescent coating on asbestos, perforated metal foil or foil paper laminates. A waterproofing substance, such as a hot steep asphalt 18 (190 F. melt) is applied to the sheet 16, and blocks, or sheets 20 of a closed cell insulation, such as expanded polystyrene or polyurethane, are laid directly upon the hot asphalt 18 while still in tacky condition. The insulation thickness will be in accordance with thermal requirement, however, thicknesses in a range of from /1" to 2%" will suifice for most purposes. Finally, a 4 ply standard asphalt built-up roof 22 is applied directly upon the insulation 26, using a coated base sheet as the first ply. FIG. 2 illustrates in cross-section the resulting roof structure.
The non-combustible sheet 16 will regulate the flow of melted roof products during a fire so that the fire is not intensified or propagated by these products, and further, will allow the free passage of moisture vapor thus preventing blistering of the roof. Design objectives will, of course, dictate specifications of the materials being used, however, a highly successful roof structure was formed with a rubber base non-flammable adhesive i4 known as Reflecto Barrier 77", sold by the Refiecto Barrier Sales Co. of Hartford, Connecticut applied at a rate of 0.4 of a gallon per sq. ft., an asbestos sheet 16 of 30 lb./ 100 sq. ft. weight, and the asphalt 18, applied at a rate of 10 lbs. per 100 sq. ft.
It will be seen that a roof structure made as above described will satisfy all of the objectives of the invention.
The foregoing description has been given in detail without thought of limitation since the inventive principles involved are capable of asusming other forms without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the following claims.
What is claimed is:
1. An improved roof structure which functions to prevent intensity increase and propagation of a fire under said roof structure as a result of melted roofing materials flowing into said fire, comprising in combination, a roof deck, a continuous coating of rubber base fire resistant adhesive on said deck, a non-combustible watervapor pervious sheet adhered by said adhesive to said deck and completely covering said deck, a coating of waterproof substance completely covering said non-com bustible sheet and adhered thereto, a layer of thermoinsulating material adhered to the top of said coating of waterproof substance and at least one layer of roofing material completely covering and adhered to said insulating material.
2. The improved roof structure of claim 1 wherein said non-combustible sheet comprises asbestos felt.
3. The improved roof structure of claim 1 wherein said non-combustible sheet comprises asbestos with an intumescent coating.
4. The roof structure of claim 1 wherein said noncombustible sheet comprises perforated metal foil.
5. The roof structure of claim 1 wherein said noncombustible sheet comprises a flame retardant impregnated paper sheet.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,606,496 11/1926 Beckwith et al. 52516 2,122,747 7/ 1938 Kirschbraun 52-3 02 2,373,317 4/1945 Lawson 52516 2,848,957 8/1958 Babcock 52516 3,041,219 6/ 1962 Steck.
3,094,447 6/ 1963 Chamberlain.
3,111,787 11/1963 Chamberlain 52173 3,135,069 6/1964 Schuller et al. 52-77 FOREIGN PATENTS 549,059 11/ 1942 Great Britain.
EARL J. WITMER, Primary Examin r.

Claims (1)

1. AN IMPROVED ROOF STRUCTURE WHICH FUNCTIONS TO PREVENT INTENSITY INCREASE AND PROPAGATION OF A FIRE UNDER SAID ROOF STRUCTURE AS A RESULT OF MELTED ROOFING MATERIALS FLOWING INTO SAID FIRE, COMPRISING IN COMBINATION, A ROOF DECK, A CONTINUOUS COATING OF RUBBER BASE FIRE BESISTANT ADHESIVE ON SAID DECK, A NON-COMBUSTIBLE WATER VAPOR PERVIOUS SHEET ADHERED BY SAID ADHESIVE TO SAID DECK AND COMPLETELY COVERING SAID DECK, A COATING OF WATERPROOF SUBSTANCE COMPLETELY COVERING SAID NON-COMBUSTIBLE SHEET AND ADHERED THERETO, A LAYER OF THERMOINSULATING MATERIAL ADHERED TO THE TOP OF SAID COATING OF WATERPROOF SUBSTANCE AND AT LEAST ONE LAYER OF ROOFING MATERIAL COMPLETELY COVERING AND ADHERED TO SAID INSULATING MATERIAL.
US258584A 1963-02-14 1963-02-14 Roof structure Expired - Lifetime US3282008A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411256A (en) * 1965-10-14 1968-11-19 Dow Chemical Co Roof construction and method thereof
US3859766A (en) * 1973-03-26 1975-01-14 Simplex Ind Inc Wall structure for modular or mobile homes
US3918230A (en) * 1974-10-18 1975-11-11 Decks Inc Building deck construction
USRE31007E (en) * 1978-08-02 1982-08-10 The Dow Chemical Company Roof construction and method thereof
US4449336A (en) * 1980-06-19 1984-05-22 Kelly Thomas L Fire barrier reservoir
US4492064A (en) * 1981-12-11 1985-01-08 The B. F. Goodrich Company Insulated roof construction
US4530193A (en) * 1984-07-16 1985-07-23 Minnesota Diversified Products, Inc. Built-up roof structure and method of preparing roof structure
US5187905A (en) * 1990-04-02 1993-02-23 Tomecanic Complex sound-insulating material and flooring
WO2001096678A2 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-20 The Garland Company Inc. Method of constructing and adhering a composite roofing product
US20070130862A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-06-14 Semmens Blaine K Roofing system and apparatus for applying rolled roofing material
US20070130864A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-06-14 Semmens Blaine K Roofing system
US20110314756A1 (en) * 2007-01-19 2011-12-29 Balco, Inc. Fire barrier

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1606496A (en) * 1925-08-29 1926-11-09 Manville Johns Inc Roofing
US2122747A (en) * 1936-12-31 1938-07-05 Patent & Licensing Corp Roofing felt
GB549059A (en) * 1940-06-26 1942-11-04 Robertson Co H H Improvements in building material
US2373317A (en) * 1942-05-02 1945-04-10 Thomas A Lawson Roof covering
US2848957A (en) * 1953-09-30 1958-08-26 John T W Babcock Fire-retaining roof structure
US3041219A (en) * 1959-04-06 1962-06-26 St Regis Paper Co Thermal insulating wall board and wall constructions thereof
US3094447A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-06-18 Koppers Co Inc Method of making an insulated roof
US3111787A (en) * 1960-12-16 1963-11-26 Koppers Co Inc Sandwich roofing element
US3135069A (en) * 1958-12-31 1964-06-02 Werner H W Schuller Roofing

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1606496A (en) * 1925-08-29 1926-11-09 Manville Johns Inc Roofing
US2122747A (en) * 1936-12-31 1938-07-05 Patent & Licensing Corp Roofing felt
GB549059A (en) * 1940-06-26 1942-11-04 Robertson Co H H Improvements in building material
US2373317A (en) * 1942-05-02 1945-04-10 Thomas A Lawson Roof covering
US2848957A (en) * 1953-09-30 1958-08-26 John T W Babcock Fire-retaining roof structure
US3135069A (en) * 1958-12-31 1964-06-02 Werner H W Schuller Roofing
US3041219A (en) * 1959-04-06 1962-06-26 St Regis Paper Co Thermal insulating wall board and wall constructions thereof
US3094447A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-06-18 Koppers Co Inc Method of making an insulated roof
US3111787A (en) * 1960-12-16 1963-11-26 Koppers Co Inc Sandwich roofing element

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3411256A (en) * 1965-10-14 1968-11-19 Dow Chemical Co Roof construction and method thereof
US3859766A (en) * 1973-03-26 1975-01-14 Simplex Ind Inc Wall structure for modular or mobile homes
US3918230A (en) * 1974-10-18 1975-11-11 Decks Inc Building deck construction
USRE31007E (en) * 1978-08-02 1982-08-10 The Dow Chemical Company Roof construction and method thereof
US4449336A (en) * 1980-06-19 1984-05-22 Kelly Thomas L Fire barrier reservoir
US4492064A (en) * 1981-12-11 1985-01-08 The B. F. Goodrich Company Insulated roof construction
US4530193A (en) * 1984-07-16 1985-07-23 Minnesota Diversified Products, Inc. Built-up roof structure and method of preparing roof structure
US5187905A (en) * 1990-04-02 1993-02-23 Tomecanic Complex sound-insulating material and flooring
WO2001096678A2 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-20 The Garland Company Inc. Method of constructing and adhering a composite roofing product
WO2001096678A3 (en) * 2000-06-15 2002-06-27 Garland Company Inc Method of constructing and adhering a composite roofing product
US20070130862A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-06-14 Semmens Blaine K Roofing system and apparatus for applying rolled roofing material
US20070130864A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-06-14 Semmens Blaine K Roofing system
US8555589B2 (en) * 2005-11-29 2013-10-15 Mos, Llc Roofing system
US20110314756A1 (en) * 2007-01-19 2011-12-29 Balco, Inc. Fire barrier
US8601760B2 (en) * 2007-01-19 2013-12-10 Balco, Inc. Fire barrier

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