US3363531A

US3363531A - Ventilating arrangement for the rooms of a building, especially of a stall, pigsty, fwl-house or the like

Info

Publication number: US3363531A
Application number: US586770A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kohlmeyer Horst; Spohr Horst
Original assignee: Lohmann Apparatebau KG
Current assignee: Lohmann Apparatebau KG
Priority date: 1966-10-14
Filing date: 1966-10-14
Publication date: 1968-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 1985-01-16

Description

Jan. 16, 1968 KQHLMEYER ET AL 3,363,531

VENTILATING ARRANGEMENT FOR THE ROOMS OF A BUILDING, ESPECIALLY OF A STALL, PIGSTY, FOWL-HOUSE OR THE LIKE E Filed 061;. 14, 1966 3 Sheets-:Sheet l INVENTOR Jan. 16, 1968 KOHLMEYER ET AL 3,363,531

VENTILATING ARRANGEMENT FOR THE ROOMS OF A BUILDING. ESPECIALLY OF A STALL, PIGSTY, FOWL-HOUSE OR THE LIKE Filed Oct. 14, 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 16, 1968 H. KOHLMEYER ET AL 3,363,531

VENTILATING ARRANGEMENT FOR THE ROOMS OF A BUILDING, ESPECIALLY OF A STALL, PIGSTY, FOWL-HOUSE OR THE LIKE Filed Oct. 14, 1966 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 United States Patent 3,363,531 VENTILATING ARRANGEMENT FOR THE RGGMS OF A BUILDING, ESPEQIALLY OF A STALL, PIGSTY, FOWL-HQUSE QR THE LIKE Horst Kohlmeyer, Bremervorde, and Horst Spohr, Sahlenburg, Germany, assignors to Lohmann-Apparatebau K.G., Cuxhaven, Germany Filed Oct. 14, 1966, Ser. No. 586,770 Claims. (Cl. 98-30) The invention relates to a ventilation unit and arrangement for ventilating rooms of a building, especially of a stall, pigsty, fowl-house or the like, and constitutes an improvement and further development of the subject matter of my prior corresponding patent application Ser. No. 422,166, filed Dec. 30, 1964, now Patent No. 3,302,548.

My prior patent application is directed to a ventilating device comprising a fresh air duct and a used air duct which are interconnected inside the room of the building for the formation of a circulation duct, the fresh air intake opening and the used air exhaust opening thereof being arranged outside the building, the inlet opening of the used air duct equipped with a suction blower being disposed above the bottom of the room, while the supply air outlet opening forms the mouth of a funnel member continguous to the fresh air duct and directed obliquely towards the ceiling, wherein the streams in the fresh air duct, in the used air duct, and in the circulation air duct are adapted to be controlled by a pivotally supported flap valve in such a manner that the circulation duct is opened in an extent proportionate to the extent in which the passage from the fresh-air intake opening to the supply air outlet opening and the passage from the used air inlet opening to the used air exhaust opening are closed. Thus, in this arrangement, the fresh air is not taken-in directly by the blower but indirectly by the vacuum generated in the room of the building owing to the blower sucking the used air from this room. Thus, in cold weather, in winter, cold fresh air may be mixed with heated used air from the room of the building, in particular, the stall, pigsty, fowl-house or the like, in any desired proportions. The temperature balance is effected in the ventilating device and not only in the room of the building.

Preferably, in accordance with my prior patent application, the funnel member of the supply air outlet opening forms a duct gradually decreasing in height towards the supply air outlet opening and increasing in width in the horizontal direction, so that the supply air is discharged from the supply air outlet opening adjacent the ceiling of the room of the building in the form of a broad fan. In this arrangement, the wall of the funnel member also may be formed in part by the ceiling of the room of the building. It is recommendable to design the funnel member in such a manner that a possibly large portion of the ceiling extending around the fresh air duct is covered by the supply air leaving the funnel member.

The inlet opening of the used air duct is arranged at a certain distance above the bottom of the room of the building. The distance between the lower edge of the used air duct and the bottom of the room of the building being approximately equal to the medium diameter of the used air duct.

While thus the supply air owing to the vacuum generated in the room of the building by the blower is dis- 3,363,531 Patented Jan. 16, 1968 "ice tributed essentially along the ceiling of the room of the building, the blower arranged in the used air duct sucks in used air approximately below that point where the fresh air duct merges into its prefereably fan-like funnel member. Under these circumstances, the supply air is equally distributed all over the room of the building without any draught phenomena occurring in the individual places and, in particular, at the places above the bottom of the room of the building which is intended for use.

With the aid of the subject matter of my prior patent application there is obtained with simplest means not only a ventilation of the room but it is also made possible to keep the room warm in dependence upon the respective outside temperature. In all those cases where comparatively low outside temperatures may occur during winter time, it is recommendable to provide a special heating source for elevating and maintaining the temperature in the room on a desired value.

With high outside temperatures for example in high summer and in tropical and subtropical countries, however, it may happen that the ventilation along is not sufficient to maintain a desired climate in the room of the building. It has also been found that in most of the cases manual adjustment of the flap valve is insutficient to meet the respective requirements.

This problem is solved in the first place by the arrangement of spray nozzles in the fresh air duct which may be provided with pressurized water as a cooling fluid. Consequently, the fresh air upon entering the room, as soon as the spray nozzles are provided with pressurized water, must pass through a curtain of sprayed cooling fluid. in this arrangement, the provision of the nozzles with cooling fluid may be controlled by means of a thermostat arranged in the room to be ventilated, via a magnetic valve. In order to prevent fluid droplets from being entrained in the entering fresh air stream, at least one mat, for instance of synthetic material, bast, or the like, may be arranged behind the spray nozzles, said mat being effective as a filter. In order to improve the cooling effect, at least one similar mat effective as a filter may addition ally be arranged in front of the spray nozzles looking in the direction of flow of the entering fresh air, said mat being effective as a filter and adapted to be moistened by means of cooling fluid; the moistening of this mat is preferably carried out in that the spraying nozzles are directed to the mat, thus wetting it. The mats are for example made of a synthetic material with an inside mesh size of about 7 mm.

The device consisting of the spray nozzles and of the mats effective as filters, for cooling and moistening the entering fresh air stream may be arranged in a downwardly opening fresh air lateral duct in an outer housing provided at the outside wall of the building. To increase the flow cross sectional areas of the fresh air inlet path, also two such fresh air ducts may be arranged symmetrically with respect to the used air exhaust opening on the outside side of the wall of the room of the building.

In order to control the proportion of used air circulated, the pivotally supported air guiding flap valve is preferably actuated by means of a servo motor or the like in dependence upon the temperature with the aid of a thermostat and/or in dependence upon the humidity with the aid of a hygrometer in the room of the building to be ventilated. If the ventilation of the room of a building is effected by several ventilation units, the servo motors to adjust the ventilation flap valves may be controlled from only one thermostat and/or hygrometer arranged in the room to be ventilated eventually with the interposition of a central control unit. In this case, there may be provided as well only one single servo motor for the actuation of the flap valves of all the ventilation aggregates, said servo motor transferring the adjusting movements to all the air guiding flap valves via cord, wire, pulley or the like, for instance a cardan shaft. Also the actuation of the blower motors of the ventilation units arranged in a room to be ventilated may be controlled from only one single thermostat arranged in the room, eventually via a central control unit.

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail by way of the examples of embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, but is not restricted to these embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view taken on one embodiment of the invention with a cooling and moistening plant fitted inside the fresh air intake ducts provided at the outside wall of the building;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic partially sectional view of the ventilating device of FIG. 1, from outside and looking in the direction of the arrow A;

FIG. 3 shows the drive of the adjustable air guiding flap valves to adjust the proportion of air circulated at several ventilation units within the room of a building by means of only one servo motor;

FIG. 3a shows a perspective view of some details of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, however in a bigger scale and seen from a different view-point;

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the embodiment in accordance with FIGURES 1-2.

The ventilation unit shown in FIGS. 1-4 essentially consists of an inner housing 7 fitted inside the room of the building 1 at the building wall 3, an intermediate housing 2 extending through an opening in the building wall 3, and an outer housing 31 The intermediate housing 2 serves as a mounting frame and is pushed outwardly from the inside of the housing through an opening provided in the wall 3.

The intermediate housing 2 and the outer housing 39 are subdivided by a preferably horizontal separation wall 4 into an upper fresh air duct 11 and a lower used air exhaust duct 6. The fresh air duct 11 is continued on the upper part of the inner housing 7 and merges with a funnel member 12 which terminates in a supply air outlet opening or a supply air outlet gap 14. The housing 7 and the funnel member 12 are closed at the top by means of a sheet metal cover 13. In case the inner housing 7 and the funnel member 12 terminates just below the ceiling 19 of the room 1 of the building, the sheet metal cover 13 may be eliminated and replaced by the ceiling 19. The lower terminal wall 22 of the funnel member 1 extends obliquely upwardly while the lateral walls of the funnel member are expanding towards the outlet opening 14 in the form of a fan starting from the edge 21.

Inside the inner housing 7, there are provided a vertical used air duct 9, with a blower 8 preferably designed as an axial flow blower arranged therein, said blower sucking used air from the room 1 of the building through an inlet opening disposed below the lower edge of the used air duct and spaced through some distance above the bottom of the room of the building.

A double-armed air flap valve 17 is supported in the inner housing 7 in the vicinity of the separation wall 4 with both flap valve halves 15 18 capable of rotatable movement about an axis 44. The

flap valve halves

15 and 18 are inclined with respect to each other for instance by about in order to improve the guidance of the air and to increase the stability of the air guiding flap valve 17. The flap valve half 15 of this flap valve 17, in the position as shown in FIGURE 1, divides the used air duct 9 from a circulating or return air duct 16, which merges into the fresh air duct 11 and the funnel member 12. In this position as shown in FIGURE 1, the entire amount of used air sucked from the room 1 of the building by the blower 8 flows from the used air duct 9 to the exhaust duct 6. There is a used air baffle 27 arranged at the end of said exhaust duct 6, said bafile 27 deflecting the used air upwardly where it flows upwardly into the open atmosphere through the blow-out opening 5.

The outer housing 30 is provided with two lateral fresh air intake ducts 36 which are arranged at both sides of the used air exhaust duct 6 and which are extending downwardly in such a manner that the inflow openings 37 thereof are disposed below the used blow-out opening 5 and outside the outflow region of the used air.

Cooling and moistening units are arranged inside the lateral fresh air intake ducts 36 to cool and moisten the incoming fresh-air stream, said cooling and mo'istening units consisting of spray nozzles 38 adapted to be suppled with a cooling liquid, for enstance water, via a line 39 in dependence upon the actuation of a magnetic valve 40, and mats effective as filters. A packet of mats 42 formed of several filter mats is disposed in front of the spray nozzles 38 when looking in the direction of the flow of the fresh air. As the cooling liquid, especially water, is sprayed out from the spray nozzles contrary to the direction of flow of the fresh air, the mats of the packet of mats 42 are wetted with cooling liquid when the nozzles are performing their spraying operation. The sucked-in fresh air must flow through this packet of mats thus causing on the one hand an effective cooling of the incoming fresh air owing to partial evaporation of the cooling liquid and, on the other hand, changing the degree of humidity of the fresh air stream.

Following this, the fresh air stream flows through the curtain of coo-ling liquid sprayed by the nozzles 38 thus causing another cooling and another increase in the degree of humidity of the fresh air. There is a filter mat 41 disposed behind the spray nozzles 38 when looking in the direction of flow, said mat preventing liquid droplets from being entrained in the stream of fresh air.

Control of this cooling and moistening unit formed by the spray nozzles 38 and the

filter mats

41, 42 is suitably effected in dependence upon a thermostat arranged in the room of the building to be ventilated, said thermostat opening or closing the magnetic valve 40.

Owing to the suction resulting from the blower 8, there is a slight vacuum generated in the room 1 of the building because of which fresh air flows into the room 1 through the inlet opening 37 and the fresh air lateral duct 36, the fresh air intermediate duct 11, the funnel member 12 and the fresh air outlet gap 14. When deflecting the fresh air from each fresh air lateral duct 36 into the fresh air intermediate duct 11 another wire grid may additionally be employed.

The fresh air inside the funnel member 12 is guided obliquely upwardly against the ceiling 19 of the room 1 of the building. This ensures that the entry of the fresh air stream into the room takes place at a great distance from the air currents caused by the blower 8 sucking-in used air and flowing over the bottom 20, so that hardly any thereof may still be seized or deflected by these air currents. In this way it is possible that, in spite of the close spacing between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, the inlet air remains outside the suction zone of the blower 8 and is entirely available for the replacement of used air, whereby the fresh air stream is emitted to large areas of the room.

The flap valve 17 may be swung in a clockwise direction from the position as shown on FIG. 1 so that the used air duct 9 is more or less connected with the circulating air duct 16 and thus with the fresh air duct 11. The used air exhaust duct 6 is partially closed by the same flap valve half 15 in proportion to the said release. Now, the blower 8 supplies only a portion of the used air it has sucked-in into the open atmosphere. Another portion of this used air is returned to tne room 1 of the building via the circulating or return air duct 16 and the funnel member 12. The mixing of the two portions takes place in the device and not only in the room of the building.

The fresh air duct 11 is more or less closed by the flap valve half 18 in an extent corresponding to the extent in which in this movement of the flap valve 17 the used air duct 9 is connected with the circulation air duct 16 and separated from the exhaust duct 6 by the flap valve half 15. This arrangement guarantees a decrease of the cross sectional area of the fresh air intake duct 11 in correspondence with the charge of the fresh air stream with used air and thus a reduction in the respective amount of the incoming air. The range of adjustment of the flap valve 18 extends from complete closure of the used air exhaust duct 6 to the position shown in FIG. 1, in which the used air duct 6 is completely separated from the circulating duct 16. The flap valve 17 is preferably infinitely adjustable through the entire range of pivotal movement.

The adjustment of the flap valve 17 and thus the adjustment of the ratio of the fresh air supplied to the used air circulated is suitably effected in dependence upon a thermostat and/ or a hydgrometer arranged in the room of the building 1. In this arrangement it does not actually matter whether each ventilating unit has associated therewith a special servo motor for the actuation of the flap valve or whether the actuation is effected from only one servo motor via corresponding transfer organs.

FIG. 3 illustrates such a device, in which the flap valves of several ventilation devices are actuated by a centrally arranged servo mot-or 48. There is a pulley 45 arranged on the pivotal axis 44 of the flap valve of each ventilation unit by means of which a cable 46 is guided, said cable being deviated by means of two deviating rollers 47 which are rotatably supported in a bracket 28. This bracket is fastened to any stationary member, especially the inner housing 7, the servo motor 48 is arranged stationarily by means of a supporting bracket 43 and actuates in the one or other direction a rotatably supported sprocket wheel 32 the teeth of which are in mesh with a chain 33. Tightening screws 34 are fastened to both ends of the said chain 33, with the two free ends of a cable 49 being fastened to said tightening screws '34, for instance, with the aid of books 24, the cable 49 is deviated via a deviating roller arrangement 50 the roller of which (several rollers may be employed as well) is rotatably supported in a stationarily arranged bracket 35.

The length of the cable 49 may be changed by means of the tightening screws 34, and thus the tension thereof varied.

The two ends of each cable 46 of each pulley 45 are fastened to both ends of the continuous cable 49 with the aid of some fastening means 29, for instance clamping means. In this manner, the individual flap valves 17 are moved into the one or other direction via their shafts 44 by rotation of the sprocket wheel 32 into the one or other direction by means of the servo motor 48.

If there are several ventilation units associated with one and the same room of a building, in accordance with the invention, control of the flap valves may also be effected in dependence upon a thermostat and/or hygrometer arranged in the room of the building, in which case a central control unit may be interposed in the control arrangement, if required or desired.

What we claim is:

1. A ventilation unit comprising an inner housing adapted to be mounted on the inside of a wall of a room to be ventilated associated with a wall opening defined in said wall, said inner housing having a fresh air intake opening extending over a first part of the cross sectional area of said wall opening, an outlet opening facing and opening into the interior of said room, a separation wall defining a first air passage between said fresh air intake opening and said outlet opening and extending into said wall opening, an exhaust opening extending over a second part of the cross sectional area of said wall opening, an inlet opening facing and opening into the interior of said room and arranged in said housing remote from said outlet opening, said separation wall also defining a second air passage between said exhaust opening and said inlet opening, a blower having a high pressure side and a low pressure side mounted in said second air passage for drawing a stream of air from said inlet opening to and out of said exhaust opening, said separation wall including a port communicating with said first and second air passages on said high pressure side of said blower, an adjustable flap valve defined in said separation wall at said port for movement between a first position which closes at least partially said exhaust opening and said air intake opening to establish at least a partial recirculation, and a second position in which said flap valve closes said port to establish total ventilation, said outlet opening directing air ejected therefrom away from the air stream entering said inlet opening, an outer housing adapted to be mounted on the outside of said wall of said room to be ventilated, said outer housing comprising at least one fresh air intake duct and one exhaust duct for connecting said fresh air intake opening and said exhaust opening to the atmosphere, at least one nozzle member provided with spray openings and arranged within said fresh air intake duct, and conduit means including at least one valve member for temporarily providing said nozzle member with a pressurized cooling liquid.

2. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 1 in which first filter elements being arranged within said fresh air intake duct between said nozzle member and the atmosphere.

3. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 2, in which said spray openings of said nozzle member being directed towards said first filter elements.

4. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 2, in which second filter elements being arranged within said fresh air intake duct between said nozzle member and said fresh air intake opening.

5. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 1 in which said fresh air intake opening being arranged above said exhaust opening, said fresh air intake duct comprising at least one lateral duct portion sideways said exhaust duct and an intermediate duct portion above said exhaust duct, said lateral duct portion opening to the atmosphere downwards, said exhaust duct projecting beyond intermediate duct portion and opening to the atmosphere upwards.

6. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 1 having additionally a shaft rotatably supported in said inner housing and drivingly connected to said flap valve, a first pulley drivingly connected to said shaft, a first traction element engaging said pulley and having two freeends, a second traction element being arranged in an endless configuration and tightened between first and second direction reversing elements so as to establish a first and a second end, a servo motor for positively driving said second traction element in one or the other direction, and fastening members for connecting one of said free ends to said first and the other of said free ends of said first traction element to said second end of said second traction element.

7. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 6 in which said first and said second ends of said second traction element extending substantially in a parallel relationship with respect to the rotational axis of said flap valve.

8. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 7 having in combination second pulley members being rotatably supported in a stationary bracket element and being adapted to direct said free ends of said first traction element in a substantially parallel relationship with respect to said first and said second ends of said second traction element.

9. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 6 in which one of said direction reversing elements including a rotatably supported sprocket wheel, said servo motor being drivingly connected to said sprocket wheel, and chain engaging said sprocket wheel and fastened adjustably to said first and said second ends of said second traction element.

10. A ventilation unit as claimed in claim 1 having in combination an intermediate housing adapted to fit into said Wall opening, and fastening means for fastening said inner housing to the inner side of said intermediate housing and said outer housing to the outer side of said intermediate housing.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS LLOYD L. KING, Primary Examiner.

Claims

1. A VENTILATION UNIT COMPRISING AN INNER HOUSING ADAPTED TO BE MOUNTED ON THE INSIDE OF A WALL OF A ROOM TO BE VENTILLATED ASSOCIATED WITH A WALL OPENING DEFINED IN SAID WALL, SAID INNER HOUSING HAVING A FRESH AIR INTAKE OPENING EXTENDING OVER A FIRST PART OF THE CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF SAID WALL OPENING, AN OUTLET OPENING FACING AND OPENING INTO THE INTERIOR OF SAID ROOM, A SEPARATION WALL DEFINING A FIRST AIR PASSAGE BETWEEN SAID FRESH AIR INTAKE OPENING AND SAID OUTLET OPENING AND EXTENDING INTO SAID WALL OPENING, AN EXHAUST OPENING EXTENDING OVER A SECOND PART OF THE CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF SAID WALL OPENING, AN INLET OPENING FACING AND OPENING INTO THE INTERIOR OF SAID ROOM AND ARRANGED IN SAID HOUSING REMOTE FROM SAID OUTLET OPENING, SAID SEPARATION WALL ALSO DEFINING A SECOND AIR PASSAGE BETWEEN SAID EXHAUST OPENING AND SAID INLET OPENING, A BLOWER HAVING A HIGH PRESSURE SIDE AND A LOW PRESSURE SIDE MOUNTED IN SAID SECOND AIR PASSAGE FOR DRAWING A STREAM OF AIR FROM SAID INLET OPENING TO AND OUT OF SAID EXHAUST OPINGING, SAID SEPARATION WALL INCLUDING A PORT COMMUNICATING WITH SAID FIRST AND SECOND AIR PASSAGES ON SAID HIGH PRESSURE SIDE OF SAID BLOWER, AN ADJUSTABLE FLAP VALVE DEFINED IN SAID SEPARATION WALL AT SAID PORT FOR MOVEMENT BETWEEN A FIRST POSITION WHICH CLOSES AT LEAST PARTIALLY SAID EXHAUST OPENING AND SAID AIR INTAKE OPENING TO ESTABLISH AT LEAST A PARTIAL RECIRCULATION, AND A SECOND POSITION IN WHICH SAID FLAP VALVE CLOSES SAID PORT TO ESTABLISH TOTAL VENTILATION, SAID OUTLET OPENING DIRECTING AIR EJECTED THEREFROM AWAY FROM THE AIR STREAM ENTERING SAID INLET OPENING, AN OUTER HOUSING ADAPTED TO BE MOUNTED ON THE OUTSIDE OF SAID WALL OF SAID ROOM TO BE VENTILATED, SAID OUTER HOUSING COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE FRESH AIR INTAKE DUCT AND ONE EXHAUST DUCT FOR CONNECTING SAID FRESH AIR INTAKE OPENING AND SAID EXHAUST OPENING TO THE ATMOSPHERE, AT LEAST ONE NOZZLE MEMBER PROVIDED WITH SPRAY OPENINGS AND ARRANGED WITHIN SAID FRESH AIR INTAKE DUCT, AND CONDUIT MEANS INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE VALVE MEMBER FOR TEMPORARILY PROVIDING SAID NOZZLE MEMBER WITH A PRESSURIZED COOLING LIQUID.