US3425782A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

J. J. MOYLAN Feb4,1969

GAS BURNER Filed May 1, 1967 HHH La INVENTOR. 5 JOSEPH J. MOYLAN 4o BY mum, am

ATTORNEXS United States Patent O 7 Claims Int. Cl. F23c 7/00; F24c 3/10; B05b 7/06 ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE A gas burner for industrial and domestic uses producing a flame involving substantially complete combustion of a fuel and air mixture. The burner comprises a jacket or tubular shell, a valve controlled fuel supply pipe, a plurality of air tubes bundled around a fuel supply pipe, a combustion chamber, and a pilot liame. The fuel supply pipe has a discharge end with an orifice therein producing a fuel jet. The plurality of air tubes and the fuel supply pipe are installed within the jacket or shell completely illing the interior thereof. The combustion chamber may be formed in one end of the jacket by the ends of the air tubes being in a common plane and in longitudinal spaced relation to the adjacent end of the jacket. The pilot llame is suitably produced as by a burner of similar construction to the gas burner but of smaller construction.

The principal objects of the present invention are to provide a gas burner for industrial and domestic uses which produces a flame involving substantially complete combustion of a fuel and air mixture; to provide a burner having a jacket, a valve controlled fuel supply pipe, a plurality of air tubes in surrounding relation around a fuel supply pipe, a combustion chamber, and a pilot llame; to provide a burner which produces a hot flame blast; to produce a burner adapted to be connected to a heat exchanger; to provide a burner of simple and durable construction and efficient operation; and to provide a burner which is economical to manufacture.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein are set forth 4by way of illustration and example certain embodiments of this invention,

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a gas burner constructed in accordance with the present invention showing the jacket extension in position.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the gas burner with parts broken away to show the air tubes inside the jacket.

FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view through the gas burner taken on line 3 3, FIG, 1.

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken on line 4-4, FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is an elevation of the gas burner operatively connected to a heat exchanger and a chimney.

Referring more in detail to the drawings:

The reference numeral 1 designates a gas burner embodying the features of the present invention. The gas burner 1 consists of a burner jacket or tubular shell 2, a fuel supply pipe 3, a supply valve 4, a plurality of air tubes 5 arranged around the fuel supply pipe 3, a combustion chamber 6, a pilot burner 7, and a pilot control valve 8 controlling the fuel supply to the pilot burner 7.

The jacket 2 may be of any suitable metal such as standard iron pipe and of a length approximately four 3,425,782 Patented Feb. 4, 1969 times the diameter. The jacket 2 has :an air inlet end 9 and a blast end 10 adjacent the combustion chamber 6. The fuel supply pipe 3 is a standard metal pipe having a diameter of approximately one-sixth the diameter 0f the jacket. The fuel supply pipe 3 is installed inside the jacket 2 and preferably approximately at the longitudinal axis thereof. The fuel supply pipe 3 extends into the jacket 2 a distance of approximately four times the diameter of the jacket 2 and terminates at a point located approximately one-third the diameter of the jacket 2 from the blast end 10 of said jacket 2. The supply valve 4 is installed in the fuel supply pipe 3 at: any desired location outside the jacket 2 and the supply valve 4 is suitably controlled as by solenoids to vary the fuel pressure entering the burner 1 and to turn on and off the fuel.

A plurality of thin walled air tubes 5 are bundled or suitably arranged around the fuel supply pipe 3 with the tubes in wall to wall Contact. In the illustrated structure each of the `air tubes 5 has one end 11 installed in registery with the inlet end 9 of the jacket 2 with the other end 12 of the air tubes 5 substantially in registery with the end of the fuel supply pipe 3. The plurality of air tubes 5 lill the inside of jacket 2 and deline additional air passages 5 between adjacent air tubes 5.

The combustion chamber 6 is formed between the other end 12 of the air tubes 5 and the blast end 10- of the jacket 2. In the structure illustration, there is an end plug 13 installed inside the fuel supply pipe 3 in a discharge end 14 and having a bore 15 to define the discharge orifice thereof. The bore 15 is tapered to the outlet so that orice is of a substantially reduced diameter, for example, approximately two-tenths the inside diameter of the fuel supply pipe 3. The tapered shape of the orifice bore 15 produces a fuel jet in a cone that diverges rapidly to a relative large diameter adjacent the discharge end 14 thereby aiding the mixing of the fuel with air drawn through the air tubes 5 and the additional air passages 5 between adjacent air tubes 5.

After the fuel jet is ignited, air is drawn through the air tubes 5 by convection currents created by the heat of the burning `fuel jets and `a strong turbulance is created in the combustion chamber 6. As the temperature increases more air is drawn through Ithe air tubes 5 with the air -thoroughly mixing with the fuel jet thereby producing substantially complete combustion of the fuel. The air being dnawn through the air tubes `5, the air mixing with the fuel jets and the burning of the mixture of fuel and air increases the turbul-ance in and adjacent to the combustion chamber 6.

1n the illustrated structure the pilot burner 7 is similar in construction to the burner 1 with the pilot burner 7 being a miniature thereof. An elongate pilot pipe 16 is a standard metal pipe having .a diameter of approximately three-fourths the diameter of the fuel supply pipe 3 and the pilot pipe 16 is surrounded by a plurality of thin walled air tubes 17 suitably secured to the pilot pipe 16. The pilot pipe 16 and the plurality of air tubes 17 are suitably secured inside a pilot jacket 13 with additional air passages formed by the spaces between the air tubes 17 :and the pilot pipe 16 and the pilot jacket 18'. An end plug 19 is installed inside the pilot pipe 11-6 in a discharge end 20 thereof. The discharge end 20 of the pilot pipe 16 is in registery with an end 21 of the air tubes 17. The end plug 19 has a tapered orice 22 therein producing a fuel jet similar to that produced by the end plug 13.

The pilot burner 7 is suitably secured to the burner jacket 2. In the illustrated structure the longitudinal axis of the pilot burner 7 is installed at a forty-five degree (45) angle with the longitudinal axis of the bu-rner 1 and the longitudinal axis of the pilot burner 7 intersects the longitudinal axis of the burner 1 adjacent the blast end 10.

The pilot burner 7 produces a strong flame which will not be blown out by the turbulance in the combustion chamber 6. A suitable igniter such as lan electrically controlled igniter 23 is mounted on the pilot burner 7 adjacent to the discharge end of the pilot pipe 16 to ignite the pilot flame which is maintained to assure ignition of the fuel jet in the burner 1.

The pilot control valve 8 turns on and off the fuel supply to the pilot pipe 16. The valve 8 may be a standard hand operated valve as illustrated in FIG. 2 or solenoids may be employed to open and close the valve 8. The valve 8 is installed in the pilot pipe 16 at any desired location outside the pilot burner 7.

A jacket extension 24 is s-uitably secured on the jacket 2 adjacent the blast end 10 as by a plurality of screws 25 circumferentially spaced around the periphery of the jacket 2 and the jacket extension 24. The internal diameter of the jacket extension 24 is complementary to the external diameter of the burner jacket 2 thereby producing a snug fit of the jacket extension 24 on the burner jacket 2. The length of the jacket extension 24 'beyond the `blast end 10 is approximately one-third the length of the burner jacket 2.

The jacket extension 24 forms a combustion chamber extension for more efficient mixing of the fuel jet and air drawn through the air tubes 5 and through the air passages 5 between adjacent air tubes 5. The jacket extension 24 is preferably of stainless steel or other suitable corrosive resistant or refractory material to resist the corrosive effects of combustion and heat. The jacket extension 24 confines the fuel and air mixture therein and produces a more concentrated flame at the downstream end 28.

In the illustrated structure the burner 1 is supported by a relatively `rigid base 29 consisting of a heavy platelike member 30, a plurality of spaced upright adjustable supports for selectively positioning the burner. The supports shown include sleeve members or guide-ways 31 having bores 32 for slidably receiving a member 33 therein. The guide member 33 has a threaded screw shank 34 extending therefrom and secured to respective saddles 35 or burner seats. Nuts 36 are threaded on each of the shanks 34 intermediate their ends and engage the guideway 31 to function as jacks in adjusting the burner position.

In the illustrated structure the heavy plate-like member consists of a pair of end portions 37 and 38 and a center portion 39 connecting the end portions 37 and 38, however, it rnay be of any shape desired and of a size to provide stable support.

Each saddle is semi-cylindrical and has an internal radius complimentary to the external radius of the lburner jacket 2 so as to fit around and support the burner jacket 2.

In operation t-he pilot control v-alve 8 is turned to Ipermit gas lto flow through `the orifice 22 thereby forming a fuel jet in the pilot burner 7. The igniter 23 is activated to ignite the fuel jet producing a pilot flame. The supply valve 4 is then operated to supply gas through the fuel supply pipe 3 and through the bore or orifice 15 fo-rming a fuel jet which is ignited by the pilot flame. The discharge of the `burning fuel through the combustion chamber and end thereof induces flow of air through the air tubes 5 to support combustion. A strong turbulance is created in the combustion chamber 6 by air being drawn through the Iair tubes 5 and through the additional air passages 5 `by convection currents created by heat of the burning fuel jet. The air drawn through the air tubes 5 mixes with the fuel jet thereby progressively increasing the temperature until there is substantially complete combustion of the fuel and air mixture. The tapered shape of the orice 15 aids the mixing of the air and fuel jet by forming a fuel cone rapidly diverging from the discharge end 14 of the fuel supply pipe 3. The jacket extension 24 confines the fuel cone produced by the orifice 15 thereby permitting a more complete mixing of the air and fuel. The jacket extension 24 also confines the flame thereby producing a more concentrated flame.

One `use for the gas burner 1 is to provide a heat source for a heat exchanger 40 as shown in FIG. 5. The burner 1 is directly connected to a combustion chamber member 41 of the heat exchanger 4t), so said chamber member 41 serves as the jacket extension 24. One such heat exchanger 40 includes a lower jacket 42 in which a plurality of spaced fire tubes 43 are surrounded by a suitable fluid such as water supplied by a pump 44. The outlet end of lower jacket is connected to an inlet of an upper jacket 45 by a heat duct 46. The upper packet 45 has a plurality of spaced fire tubes 47 surrounded by the fluid. A pair of spaced water pipes 49 and 50 convey the fluid from the lower jacket 42 to the upper jacket 45 which is connected to an outlet pipe 51 for the heated fluid. A thermostat 52 is operatively connected through suitable controls for the supply valve 4 so as to effect operation of the burner as desired and to prevent overheating. A gauge 53 is mounted on the heat exchanger to visibly display the temperature of the fluid. The outlet of the upper jacket is connected by a gas discharge duct 54 to a stack or chimney 55, which provides lan additional draft source for the burner 1.

It is to be understood that while certain forms of this invention have been illustrated and described, it is notto be limited to the specific form or arrangement of parts herein described and shown except insofar as such limitations are included in the claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A burner comprising:

(a) an elongate tubular burner jacket having a combustion chamber portion adjacent one end, said burner jacket being open at the other end,

(b) a fuel supply pipe in said burner jacket and having an end with a jet orifice discharging into said cornbustion chamber portion,

(c) means controlling the fuel supply pipe and fuel discharge into said combustion chamber portion,

(d) a plurality of elongate open ended tubes in a cluster in the burner jacket and extending longitudinally thereof with each tube in contacting relation to the adjacent tubes, said tubes surrounding the fuel supply pipe with outlet ends adjacent the orifice end of the fuel supply pipe and inlet ends adjacent said other end of the burner jacket for flow of ai-r from said open other end to the combustion chamber portion in multiple streams to mix with the fuel and support combustion thereof.

2. A burner as set forth in claim 1 wherein said fuel supply pipe extends into said open end of the burner jacket and longitudinally thereof substantially on the longitudinal axis of said burner jacket.

3. A burner as set forth in claim 2 wherein said elongate open ended tubes each have said outlet end in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of said burner jacket said plane being adjacent said combustion chamber portion.

4. A burner as set forth in claim 3 wherein said elongate open ended tubes and said fuel supply pipe fill said burner jacket between said combustion chamber and said open other end with said tubes being of a length approximately four times the diameter of the jacket.

5. A burner as set forth in claim 4 wherein said burner jacket has two sections with a first section containing said 5 6 tubes surrounding said fuel supply pipe and a second sec- References Cited tion secured to the rst section and extending therefrom UNITED STATES PATENTS defining the combustion chamber.

6. A burner as set forth in claim 5 wherein said second 2,633,908 4/1953 Briefly 2*423 X section is an elongate tubular member terminating in an 704,1? 3/1955 Spltze 158-118 X open end remote from said rst section, said open end 5 3118738 1/1964 ROSS r 158`99 X being the discharge from the combustion chamber. 3162239 12/1964 Irons 15g- 112 7. A burner as set forth in claim 6 wherein the burner JAMES W WESTHAVER, Primary Emminm;

includes means controlling ignition of said fuel jet discharged from said jet Orifice, said means being adjacent 10 U55- C1 X-R said combustion chamber. 126 9l; 431 263; 239 43.0

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