US3480483A - Razor blades and methods of manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Razor blades and methods of manufacture thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3480483A US3480483A US547403A US3480483DA US3480483A US 3480483 A US3480483 A US 3480483A US 547403 A US547403 A US 547403A US 3480483D A US3480483D A US 3480483DA US 3480483 A US3480483 A US 3480483A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- cutting edge
- blade
- coating
- methods
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 19
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 15
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004501 airglow Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940117975 chromium trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+6] GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/60—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
- C23C14/5846—Reactive treatment
- C23C14/5853—Oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
Definitions
- the chromium content of the blades may be increased in the surface region of the cutting edge by a chromating process. Conversion of a substantial portion of the chromium on the cutting edge to chromium oxide may be effected by anodising, for example by means of a glow discharge or in a liquid electrolyte.
- This invention relates to razor blades.
- At least the surface region of at least the cutting edge or cutting edges of a razor blade comprise chromium oxide.
- Such a surface comprising chromium oxide is designed to impart improved properties to the razor blade by giving enhanced durability to the cutting edge or edges.
- One method of providing the chromium oxide surface is first to coat with chromium which is thereafter oxidised.
- An alternative method is to coat the surface with chromium oxide thereby eliminating the oxidising step.
- Yet another method is to enrich the chromium content of at least the surface region of a stainless steel razor blade by a chromating process with subsequent oxidisation.
- one method of manufacture is to clean the cutting edge or edges, thereafter applying a thin layer of chromium, for example, less than 400 Angstroms in thickness. A thickness of less than 100 Angtroms is preferred.
- the blade is next annealed to improve the bond with the coating and is then heat-treated in a controlled oxidising atmosphere.
- the chromium coating and subsequent heat treatment can be effected without impairing the cutting edge and in some circumstances may be efiected as a single operation.
- the blades may be provided with coatings or particles of materials to facilitate shaving, such as the already known or novel coatings referred to in the specification of Belgian Patent No. 504,784 of Apr. 5, 1963 in the name of Wilkinson Sword Limited.
- the heat treatment required to cure the polytetrafluoroethylene will in some cases be adequate to ensure adhesion between the vapour deposited chromium and the blade edge.
- the method chosen for cleaning the blade should take account of the properties of the blade material, typical methods being by immersion in an organic solvent, for example, trichloroethylene, if necessary under ultrasonic vibration, with subsequent drying, by vapor degreasing in trichloroethylene, by glow discharge or by a brief anodic etching. If the latter method is used with an 3,480,483 Patented Nov. 25, 1969 aqueous solution of chromium trioxide, this can constitute the chromating process referred to above.
- the selected method of coating the blade can likewise be chosen to 'be the most suitable for the material in question and examples of possible methods are by vapour deposition, by sputtering, possible with the sputtering direction in an ion beam, by electro-plating or by gas reaction.
- the process may typically involve vapour degreasing in trichloroethylene or chloroform, coating with chromium by vapour deposition, annealing in vacuum to bond the deposit to the edge, oxidising in a controlled atmosphere at temperatures up to 450 C. and applying a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Description
United States Patent US. Cl. 148-63 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Coatings are formed on the cutting edge of steel razor blades by the steps of cleaning the cutting edge, applying to the cutting edge a thin layer of chromium of less than 400 Angstroms in thickness, preferably of less than 100 Angstroms, after which the blade is heat treated in a controlled oxidising atmosphere. The heat treating may be at a temperature of approximately 400 C. and at a pressure of approximately 10* torricelli.
The chromium content of the blades may be increased in the surface region of the cutting edge by a chromating process. Conversion of a substantial portion of the chromium on the cutting edge to chromium oxide may be effected by anodising, for example by means of a glow discharge or in a liquid electrolyte.
This invention relates to razor blades.
According to the present invention at least the surface region of at least the cutting edge or cutting edges of a razor blade comprise chromium oxide.
The provision of such a surface comprising chromium oxide is designed to impart improved properties to the razor blade by giving enhanced durability to the cutting edge or edges.
One method of providing the chromium oxide surface is first to coat with chromium which is thereafter oxidised. An alternative method is to coat the surface with chromium oxide thereby eliminating the oxidising step. Yet another method is to enrich the chromium content of at least the surface region of a stainless steel razor blade by a chromating process with subsequent oxidisation.
In greater detail, one method of manufacture is to clean the cutting edge or edges, thereafter applying a thin layer of chromium, for example, less than 400 Angstroms in thickness. A thickness of less than 100 Angtroms is preferred. The blade is next annealed to improve the bond with the coating and is then heat-treated in a controlled oxidising atmosphere. The chromium coating and subsequent heat treatment can be effected without impairing the cutting edge and in some circumstances may be efiected as a single operation.
Thereafter the blades may be provided with coatings or particles of materials to facilitate shaving, such as the already known or novel coatings referred to in the specification of Belgian Patent No. 504,784 of Apr. 5, 1963 in the name of Wilkinson Sword Limited. The heat treatment required to cure the polytetrafluoroethylene will in some cases be adequate to ensure adhesion between the vapour deposited chromium and the blade edge.
The method chosen for cleaning the blade should take account of the properties of the blade material, typical methods being by immersion in an organic solvent, for example, trichloroethylene, if necessary under ultrasonic vibration, with subsequent drying, by vapor degreasing in trichloroethylene, by glow discharge or by a brief anodic etching. If the latter method is used with an 3,480,483 Patented Nov. 25, 1969 aqueous solution of chromium trioxide, this can constitute the chromating process referred to above.
The selected method of coating the blade can likewise be chosen to 'be the most suitable for the material in question and examples of possible methods are by vapour deposition, by sputtering, possible with the sputtering direction in an ion beam, by electro-plating or by gas reaction.
Finally, it is necessary to effect controlled oxidation of the metal surface. This may be achieved by heat treatment in a controlled atmosphere in which the amount of oxygen present is strictly limited; for example the blade may be heated to 400 C. in air at a pressure of 10 torricelli. Another method is to anodise in a gaseous or liquid electrolyte; for example anodising may be by means of an air glow discharge at a low pressure, say a pressure of microns. A feature of the invention is that the amount of oxygen present during the oxidation process is strictly controlled.
Thus, considering the application of the process to stainless steels which can be used for razor blades, the process may typically involve vapour degreasing in trichloroethylene or chloroform, coating with chromium by vapour deposition, annealing in vacuum to bond the deposit to the edge, oxidising in a controlled atmosphere at temperatures up to 450 C. and applying a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene.
I claim:
1. The method of forming a chromium oxide coating on a cutting edge of a stainless steel razor blade comprising the steps of enriching the chromium content in the surface region of said cutting edge by a chromating process, and heat treating the cutting edge in a controlled oxidising atmosphere.
2. The method of forming a chromium oxide coating on a cutting edge of a steel razor blade comprising the steps of cleaning the cutting edge,
applying to the cutting edge a thin layer of chromium of less than 400 Angstroms in thickness, and
heat treating the blade in a controlled oxidising atmosphere to convert a substantial proportion of the chromium to chromium oxide.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein said heat treating comprises heating to a temperature of approximately 400 C. in air at very low pressure.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein said chromium is applied by vapour deposition.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein said chromium is applied by sputtering.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein said controlled oxidising atmosphere is at a pressure of approxi mately 1O torricelli.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein said coating of chromium is of less than 100 Angstroms.
8. The method according to claim 2, comprising the further step of applying to the chromium oxide coating a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene.
9. The method of forming a chromium oxide coating on a cutting edge of a steel razor blade comprising the steps of cleaning the cutting edge,
applying to the cutting edge a thin layer of chromium of less than 400 Angstroms in thickness, and anodising the chromium coating to convert a substantial proportion of the chromium to chromium oxide.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the anodising is effected by means of a glow discharge in the presence of a restricted amount of oxygen.
11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the anodising is eflected in a liquid electrolyte.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 4 FOREIGN PATENTS 6/1949 Canada. 4/ 1967 Great Britain.
5 RALPH S. KENDALL, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1908565 | 1965-05-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3480483A true US3480483A (en) | 1969-11-25 |
Family
ID=10123527
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US547403A Expired - Lifetime US3480483A (en) | 1965-05-06 | 1966-05-04 | Razor blades and methods of manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3480483A (en) |
Cited By (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3634147A (en) * | 1969-11-20 | 1972-01-11 | United States Steel Corp | Corrosion resistant tin-free steel and method for producing same |
| US3635811A (en) * | 1967-11-06 | 1972-01-18 | Warner Lambert Co | Method of applying a coating |
| US3652443A (en) * | 1970-08-25 | 1972-03-28 | Gillette Co | Deposition apparatus |
| US3754329A (en) * | 1967-11-06 | 1973-08-28 | Warner Lambert Co | Razor blade with rf sputtered coating |
| US3773544A (en) * | 1970-06-02 | 1973-11-20 | Steel Corp | Fluorocarbon polymer coated substrate |
| US3805387A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-04-23 | American Optical Corp | Fiber razor blade |
| US3811189A (en) * | 1971-07-09 | 1974-05-21 | Gillette Co | Process for producing an improved cutting tool |
| US3829969A (en) * | 1969-07-28 | 1974-08-20 | Gillette Co | Cutting tool with alloy coated sharpened edge |
| US3871836A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-03-18 | Allied Chem | Cutting blades made of or coated with an amorphous metal |
| US3890109A (en) * | 1972-04-08 | 1975-06-17 | Wilkinson Sword Ltd | Razor blades having high purity Al{hd 2{b O{HD 3 {B coating |
| US3900636A (en) * | 1971-01-21 | 1975-08-19 | Gillette Co | Method of treating cutting edges |
| US3904506A (en) * | 1972-11-13 | 1975-09-09 | Shatterproof Glass Corp | Apparatus for continuous production of sputter-coated glass products |
| US3911579A (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1975-10-14 | Warner Lambert Co | Cutting instruments and methods of making same |
| US3916523A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1975-11-04 | Warner Lambert Co | Coated razor blade |
| US3939293A (en) * | 1974-04-30 | 1976-02-17 | International Business Machines, Corporation | Method for passivating chromium |
| US3968018A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1976-07-06 | Warner-Lambert Company | Sputter coating method |
| US4262875A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-04-21 | Rca Corporation | Information record stampers |
| US4726368A (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1988-02-23 | Bioquantum Technologies, Inc. | Non-reflective surgical instruments |
| WO1992019425A2 (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1992-11-12 | The Gillette Company | Improvements in or relating to razor blades |
| US5295305A (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1994-03-22 | The Gillette Company | Razor blade technology |
| US5301431A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1994-04-12 | Etm Corporation | Hand-held cutting tool |
| EP0591339A1 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1994-04-13 | The Gillette Company | Improvements in or relating to razor blades |
| DE19800758A1 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-15 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for coating foil made of nickel or a nickel alloy and coated foil made of nickel or a nickel alloy |
| US20030121158A1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2003-07-03 | The Gillette Company, A Delaware Corporation | Razor blade technology |
| US20040172832A1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-09 | Colin Clipstone | Razor blade |
| US20050268470A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-08 | Skrobis Kenneth J | Colored razor blades |
| US20060174977A1 (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2006-08-10 | Tadahiro Ohmi | Metal material having formed thereon chromium oxide passive film and method for producing the same, and parts contacting with fluid and system for supplying fluid and exhausting gas |
| US20080190758A1 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2008-08-14 | Vassilis Papachristos | Method of Deposition of a Layer on a Razor Blade Edge and Razor Blade |
| US20090314136A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-24 | The Stanley Works | Method of manufacturing a blade |
| US20130180117A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2013-07-18 | Eveready Battery Company Inc. | Razor Blade Technology |
| US8769833B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2014-07-08 | Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. | Utility knife blade |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA457378A (en) * | 1949-06-14 | Gillette Safety Razor Company | Fine edged cutting implements and the manufacture thereof | |
| US3071856A (en) * | 1959-12-31 | 1963-01-08 | Irwin W Fischbein | Razor blade and method of making same |
| US3283117A (en) * | 1965-04-22 | 1966-11-01 | Philip Morris Inc | Method for coating cutting edges of sharpened instruments |
| GB1065723A (en) * | 1963-10-24 | 1967-04-19 | Wilkinson Sword Ltd | Improvements relating to razor blades and to methods of manufacture thereof |
| US3345202A (en) * | 1963-06-10 | 1967-10-03 | Eversharp Inc | Method of making razor blades |
-
1966
- 1966-05-04 US US547403A patent/US3480483A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA457378A (en) * | 1949-06-14 | Gillette Safety Razor Company | Fine edged cutting implements and the manufacture thereof | |
| US3071856A (en) * | 1959-12-31 | 1963-01-08 | Irwin W Fischbein | Razor blade and method of making same |
| US3345202A (en) * | 1963-06-10 | 1967-10-03 | Eversharp Inc | Method of making razor blades |
| GB1065723A (en) * | 1963-10-24 | 1967-04-19 | Wilkinson Sword Ltd | Improvements relating to razor blades and to methods of manufacture thereof |
| US3283117A (en) * | 1965-04-22 | 1966-11-01 | Philip Morris Inc | Method for coating cutting edges of sharpened instruments |
Cited By (49)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3754329A (en) * | 1967-11-06 | 1973-08-28 | Warner Lambert Co | Razor blade with rf sputtered coating |
| US3635811A (en) * | 1967-11-06 | 1972-01-18 | Warner Lambert Co | Method of applying a coating |
| US3829969A (en) * | 1969-07-28 | 1974-08-20 | Gillette Co | Cutting tool with alloy coated sharpened edge |
| US3968018A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1976-07-06 | Warner-Lambert Company | Sputter coating method |
| US3916523A (en) * | 1969-09-29 | 1975-11-04 | Warner Lambert Co | Coated razor blade |
| US3634147A (en) * | 1969-11-20 | 1972-01-11 | United States Steel Corp | Corrosion resistant tin-free steel and method for producing same |
| US3773544A (en) * | 1970-06-02 | 1973-11-20 | Steel Corp | Fluorocarbon polymer coated substrate |
| US3652443A (en) * | 1970-08-25 | 1972-03-28 | Gillette Co | Deposition apparatus |
| US3900636A (en) * | 1971-01-21 | 1975-08-19 | Gillette Co | Method of treating cutting edges |
| US3911579A (en) * | 1971-05-18 | 1975-10-14 | Warner Lambert Co | Cutting instruments and methods of making same |
| US3811189A (en) * | 1971-07-09 | 1974-05-21 | Gillette Co | Process for producing an improved cutting tool |
| US3835537A (en) * | 1971-07-09 | 1974-09-17 | Gillette Co | Improved cutting tool |
| US3890109A (en) * | 1972-04-08 | 1975-06-17 | Wilkinson Sword Ltd | Razor blades having high purity Al{hd 2{b O{HD 3 {B coating |
| US3805387A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-04-23 | American Optical Corp | Fiber razor blade |
| US3904506A (en) * | 1972-11-13 | 1975-09-09 | Shatterproof Glass Corp | Apparatus for continuous production of sputter-coated glass products |
| US3871836A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1975-03-18 | Allied Chem | Cutting blades made of or coated with an amorphous metal |
| USRE29989E (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1979-05-08 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Cutting blades made of or coated with an amorphous metal |
| US3939293A (en) * | 1974-04-30 | 1976-02-17 | International Business Machines, Corporation | Method for passivating chromium |
| US4262875A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-04-21 | Rca Corporation | Information record stampers |
| US4726368A (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1988-02-23 | Bioquantum Technologies, Inc. | Non-reflective surgical instruments |
| WO1992019425A2 (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1992-11-12 | The Gillette Company | Improvements in or relating to razor blades |
| WO1992019425A3 (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1993-01-21 | Gillette Co | Improvements in or relating to razor blades |
| TR26981A (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1994-09-12 | Gillette Co | Developments in shaving knives or related to them. |
| EP0591339A1 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1994-04-13 | The Gillette Company | Improvements in or relating to razor blades |
| EP0591339A4 (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1994-08-31 | The Gillette Company | |
| TR27155A (en) * | 1991-06-24 | 1994-11-09 | Gillette Co | The process of producing shaving blades with a sharpened edge with special treatment and the production of this type of shaving blade. |
| US5295305A (en) * | 1992-02-13 | 1994-03-22 | The Gillette Company | Razor blade technology |
| US5301431A (en) * | 1992-12-01 | 1994-04-12 | Etm Corporation | Hand-held cutting tool |
| DE19800758A1 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-15 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for coating foil made of nickel or a nickel alloy and coated foil made of nickel or a nickel alloy |
| DE19800758C2 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 2000-08-31 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for coating foil made of nickel or a nickel alloy and coated foil made of nickel or a nickel alloy |
| US20060174977A1 (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2006-08-10 | Tadahiro Ohmi | Metal material having formed thereon chromium oxide passive film and method for producing the same, and parts contacting with fluid and system for supplying fluid and exhausting gas |
| US7935385B2 (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2011-05-03 | Tadahiro Ohmi | Metal material having formed thereon chromium oxide passive film and method for producing the same, and parts contacting with fluid and system for supplying fluid and exhausting gas |
| US20030121158A1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2003-07-03 | The Gillette Company, A Delaware Corporation | Razor blade technology |
| US6684513B1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2004-02-03 | The Gillette Company | Razor blade technology |
| US6866894B2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2005-03-15 | The Gillette Company | Razor blade technology |
| US20060265885A1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2006-11-30 | The Gillette Company, A Delaware Corporation | Razor blade |
| US20040172832A1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-09-09 | Colin Clipstone | Razor blade |
| US20050268470A1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-08 | Skrobis Kenneth J | Colored razor blades |
| US7673541B2 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2010-03-09 | The Gillette Company | Colored razor blades |
| US20080190758A1 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2008-08-14 | Vassilis Papachristos | Method of Deposition of a Layer on a Razor Blade Edge and Razor Blade |
| US9180599B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 | 2015-11-10 | Bic-Violex S.A. | Method of deposition of a layer on a razor blade edge and razor blade |
| US8505414B2 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2013-08-13 | Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. | Method of manufacturing a blade |
| US20090314136A1 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-24 | The Stanley Works | Method of manufacturing a blade |
| US20130180117A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2013-07-18 | Eveready Battery Company Inc. | Razor Blade Technology |
| US20150096164A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2015-04-09 | Eveready Battery Company Inc. | Razor Blade Technology |
| US9032628B2 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2015-05-19 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Razor blade technology |
| US9149944B2 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2015-10-06 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Razor blade technology |
| US8769833B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2014-07-08 | Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. | Utility knife blade |
| US9393984B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2016-07-19 | Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. | Utility knife blade |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1553843A1 (en) | 1971-01-14 |
| DE1553843B2 (en) | 1976-02-26 |
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