US3488858A - Microwave apparatus for the processing or measurement of sheet materials - Google Patents

Microwave apparatus for the processing or measurement of sheet materials Download PDF

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US3488858A
US3488858A US701139A US3488858DA US3488858A US 3488858 A US3488858 A US 3488858A US 701139 A US701139 A US 701139A US 3488858D A US3488858D A US 3488858DA US 3488858 A US3488858 A US 3488858A
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waveguide
slots
microwave
sheet
measurement
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US701139A
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Jack Bilbrough
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Rank Cintel Ltd
NDC Technologies Ltd
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Rank Organization Ltd
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Assigned to RANK CINTEL LIMITED, 6 CONNAUGHT PLACE, LONDON, W2 2EX, ENGLAND reassignment RANK CINTEL LIMITED, 6 CONNAUGHT PLACE, LONDON, W2 2EX, ENGLAND ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: RANK ORGANISATION PLC, THE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
    • H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • G01N22/04—Investigating moisture content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials

Definitions

  • the specification describes forms of hollow waveguides for microwave propagation which are slotted to allow the passage of a sheet or web of material through the waveguide interior so that the microwave power in the waveguide can be employed to control and/0r measure the moisture content of the material as it passes through the slots.
  • the waveguides are characterized by the provision of means for the ejection of a pressure gas flow at or adjacent the edges of the slots to provide a cushion effec-t protecting the surface of the material ⁇ and also to limit the danger of foreign matter carried by the material falling into the waveguide.
  • the cushioning tlow may be from within the waveguide, preferably through slots or through a permeable screen, or from conduits that are outside the microwave path.
  • the pressure gas used may be arranged to perform a process operation upon the material.
  • This invention relates to microwave apparatus for use in the control of the moisture content of sheet materials and/or for the measurement of such moisture content.
  • microwave apparatus in which a hollow waveguide section has slots along opposed Walls, the plane of the slots being parallel to the E plane of the microwaves directed through the waveguide and the sheet material being in the form of a continuous web traversing the waveguide through the slots.
  • the attenuation of microwave energy directed through the slotted ⁇ waveguide is then indicative of the moisture content of the web.
  • Such an arrangement can present difficulties due to foreign bodies carried by the travelling web falling into the hollow waveguide section so causing uncontrolled variations in the measurement signals from the waveguide and also, where the sheet material is fragile or otherwise liable to damage by contact or rubbing, tissue papers and photographic iilm are Itwo examples, the waveguide sections may harm the material since the free space that can be left at the slots is limited.
  • a hollow waveguide for use in the control and/ or measurement of the moisture content of a sheet material and having opposed slotted walls of which the slots define a planar region for the passage of the sheet material yacross the interior of the waveguide, means being provided for the ejection of a pressure gas flow at or adjacent the edges of the slots at least at one face of said planar region.
  • the pressure medium may be ejected through conduit means outside the interior or microwave path of the waveguide, such means opening at or adjacent the slots or, alternatively, the i/'aveguide can itself form a conduit for the pressure meium.
  • the gas can be injected into the waveguide through one or more relatively large entry conduits provided with means preventing the propagation of microwave energy through said conduit or conduits or it can be ICC injected through a series of small apertures arranged to be opaque to the microwave energy by virtue of their size and positions.
  • each or either half of the waveguide at the dividing planar region may be provided with a screening sheet pervious to said gas flow and extending across the edges of the slots to give a more even distribution of the flow along the length of -the waveguide.
  • ⁇ a sheet may be of a preferably woven fabric or of a perforate material and in the latter case the perforations can be so distributed as to vary the rates of gas flow through the screening sheet at different regions thereof, e.g. concentrating the flow at particular regions of the edges of the slots.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 are mutually perpendicular sectional views of one form of waveguide according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view on the lines V--V in FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of one part of a further form of waveguide according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are mutually perpendicular sectional views of the waveguide of FIG. 6,
  • the waveguide 2 is U-shaped and is formed in two halves in a pair of parallel plates 4 separated by a central gap or slot 6 in the plane of the U that allows a web W to be passed between the plates.
  • a central gap or slot 6 in the plane of the U that allows a web W to be passed between the plates.
  • At the ends of the U-shape are perpendicularly directed inlet and outlet sections 10, 12 for the connection of the waveguide to a microwave circuit.
  • the plates 4 At the mutually remote faces of the plates 4 are respective manifolds 14 having pressure air inlet ⁇ pipes 16, a series of small, spaced apertures 18 along the length of the U-shaped portions connecting the manifolds to the interior of the waveguide.
  • the plates At their adjacent faces, the plates have respective screens of fabric or perforate sheets 20 laid over them and held fixed by securing strips 22. These sheets prevent the passage of solid matter into the interior of the opposed portions of the waveguide but allow air from the manifold to pass in a relatively evenly distributed flow through the faces to the gap or slot ⁇ 6 so that the web W is cushioned -by the air flow and can be kept out of contact with the waveguide structure.
  • the slotted waveguide is formed by a pair of opposed plates 28 of channel form cross-section, the side limbs of the two channels defining the slots 30 betwe'en them, and the interiors of the waveguide portions are connected to oppositely offset or cranked inlet and outlet waveguide sections 32, 34, one section being secured to each of the plates 28.
  • Respective conduits 36, 38 now lead pressure air directly into the microwave path at the sections 32,
  • reflecting posts 40 or resonant sections may be incorporated adjacent their junctions with the waveguide sections.
  • FIG. 4 shows a polythene sheet air seal 42 inserted at the junction between the waveguide inlet section 32 and the preceding waveguide portion and a similar seal will also be provided at the end of the exit section 34.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 also show a pervious sheet 44 extending between the edges of the slots 30 at each adjacent face of the plates 28, the sheets being held in position by securing strips 46.
  • sections 50 of the slotte'd waveguide are now provided integrally with air inlet manifolds 52, each section being formed from a hollow E-section tube.
  • the waveguide ⁇ formed by the parallel recesses of the tube sections may be U-shaped as in the rst-illustrated example or these recesses may provide a pair of alternative paths in parallel.
  • An air seal 60 is again provided at each adjoining waveguide section.
  • the pressure air is not required to ow through any part of the microwave energy path, it is possible to provide discrete means attached to or suspended adjacent to the slots of the waveguide to eject the pressure flow at or adjacent the edges of the slots.
  • the provision of a gas flow at the peripheral slots of the waveguide may provide a sufficient cushioning effect, such an arrangement being shown in FIG. where tubes 68 are attached to the sides of the waveguide to extend along said sides, and have a series of apertures 69 along their length for the pressure gas emission.
  • the present invention is applicable to slotted waveguides of very diverse form.
  • the U-shape shown in FIG. 1 can be elaborated into a convoluted or serpentine form.
  • the gas flow may be provided on one side of the sheet only where, for example, it is only required to provide a supporting cushion from below or where one face only of the sheet has a coating which must be protected from rubbing damage.
  • the pressure gas employed need not be air but can be chosen with regard to the particular sheet material being passed through the waveguide and the gas can be iirst ltered, dried, heated or cooled as required and may even be so chosen as to itself effect a process step, e.g. drying, heating or a chemical reaction, on the material,
  • a hollow waveguide for use in the control and/or measurement of the moisture content of a sheet material comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed walls and respective slots in said walls, the edges of the slots defining a planar region across the width of the waveguide between said walls for the passage of a sheet material through the waveguide interior, a gas entry passage coextending with the waveguide, gas ejection means comprising a series of apertures along the length of the passage to open at or adjacent the edges of the slots at least at one face of said planar region outside the boundaries of the associated microwave transmission path of the waveguide to provide a gas flow between said sheet material and the slot edges of at least one face.
  • a hollow waveguide according to claim 5 further including a gas entry manifold co-extending with the waveguide, said ejection means comprising a series of apertures along the length of the manifold wherein the manifold apertures open in the faces of the slots outside the boundaries of the associated microwave transmission path.
  • a hollow waveguide for use in the control and/ or measurement of the moisture content of a sheet material comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed walls and respective slots in said walls, the edges of the slots defining a planar region across the width of the waveguide between said walls for the passage of a sheet material through the waveguide interior, gas ejection means being arranged at or adjacent the edges of the slotsat least at one face of saidy planar region and outside the microwave path through the waveguide, and said path, from the planar region defined by the opposed faces, being filled with a dielectric transparent to microwave transmission.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

J. BILBRouGl-l 3,488,858 MICROWAVE APPARATUS FOR THE PROCESSING OR Jan. l13, 1970 MEASUREMENT OF SHEET MATERIALS 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 29, 1968 Jan- 13, 1970 J. BILBROUGH 3,488,858
' MICROWAVE APPARATUS FOR THE PROCESSING OR l MEASUREMENT OF SHEET MATERIALS Filed Jan. 29, 1968 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 13, 1970 J. MICROWAVE APPAR BILBROUGH ATUS FOR THE PROCESSING OR MEASUREMENT OF SHEET MATERIALS Filed Jan. 29, 1968 f lvl/ll Il' N f mi Jan. 13, 1970 J. BILBROUGH 3,488,858
MICROWAVE APPARATUS FOR THE PROCESSING OR MEASUREMENT OF SHEET MATERIALS Filed Jan. 29, 1968 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 y TW :Lu-vereren JACK. BILB Rox/@H Avvonuevs United States Patent O 3,488,858 MICROWAVE APPARATUS FOR THE PROCESSING OR MEASUREMENT OF SHEET MATERIALS Jack Bilbrough, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, assignor to The Rank Organisation Limited, London, England, a company of Great Britain and Northern Ireland j Filed Jan. 29, 1968, Ser. No.'701,139 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Jan. 30, 1967,
4,508/67; May 9, 1967, 21,542/ 67 Int. Cl. F26b 5/02 U.S. Cl. 34-1 5 Claims ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE The specification describes forms of hollow waveguides for microwave propagation which are slotted to allow the passage of a sheet or web of material through the waveguide interior so that the microwave power in the waveguide can be employed to control and/0r measure the moisture content of the material as it passes through the slots. The waveguides are characterized by the provision of means for the ejection of a pressure gas flow at or adjacent the edges of the slots to provide a cushion effec-t protecting the surface of the material `and also to limit the danger of foreign matter carried by the material falling into the waveguide. The cushioning tlow may be from within the waveguide, preferably through slots or through a permeable screen, or from conduits that are outside the microwave path. The pressure gas used may be arranged to perform a process operation upon the material.
This invention relates to microwave apparatus for use in the control of the moisture content of sheet materials and/or for the measurement of such moisture content.
It has been proposed to use -for the measurement of moisture content of sheet materials, microwave apparatus in which a hollow waveguide section has slots along opposed Walls, the plane of the slots being parallel to the E plane of the microwaves directed through the waveguide and the sheet material being in the form of a continuous web traversing the waveguide through the slots. The attenuation of microwave energy directed through the slotted `waveguide is then indicative of the moisture content of the web.
Such an arrangement can present difficulties due to foreign bodies carried by the travelling web falling into the hollow waveguide section so causing uncontrolled variations in the measurement signals from the waveguide and also, where the sheet material is fragile or otherwise liable to damage by contact or rubbing, tissue papers and photographic iilm are Itwo examples, the waveguide sections may harm the material since the free space that can be left at the slots is limited.
According to the present invention, there is provided a hollow waveguide for use in the control and/ or measurement of the moisture content of a sheet material and having opposed slotted walls of which the slots define a planar region for the passage of the sheet material yacross the interior of the waveguide, means being provided for the ejection of a pressure gas flow at or adjacent the edges of the slots at least at one face of said planar region. The pressure medium may be ejected through conduit means outside the interior or microwave path of the waveguide, such means opening at or adjacent the slots or, alternatively, the i/'aveguide can itself form a conduit for the pressure meium.
In the latter case, the gas can be injected into the waveguide through one or more relatively large entry conduits provided with means preventing the propagation of microwave energy through said conduit or conduits or it can be ICC injected through a series of small apertures arranged to be opaque to the microwave energy by virtue of their size and positions.
It' the pressure gas ow is intended to maintain the sheet material out of contact with the edges of the slot, it will usually be required to provide flow injection means at both faces of said planar region.
'Particularly if the pressure ow issues from the Waveguide itself, each or either half of the waveguide at the dividing planar region may be provided with a screening sheet pervious to said gas flow and extending across the edges of the slots to give a more even distribution of the flow along the length of -the waveguide. Such `a sheet may be of a preferably woven fabric or of a perforate material and in the latter case the perforations can be so distributed as to vary the rates of gas flow through the screening sheet at different regions thereof, e.g. concentrating the flow at particular regions of the edges of the slots.
` Various embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings wherein:
FIGS. 1 to 3 are mutually perpendicular sectional views of one form of waveguide according to the invention,
FIG. 4 shows in front elevation a further embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 5 is a sectional view on the lines V--V in FIG. 4,
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of one part of a further form of waveguide according to the invention,
FIGS. 7 and 8 are mutually perpendicular sectional views of the waveguide of FIG. 6,
FIG. 9 illustrates a modified version of the waveguide of FIGS. 1 to 3, and
FIG. 10 illustrates a further modification of a waveguide according to the invention. f
Referring more particularly to FIGS. 1 to 3 of the drawings, the waveguide 2 is U-shaped and is formed in two halves in a pair of parallel plates 4 separated by a central gap or slot 6 in the plane of the U that allows a web W to be passed between the plates. At the ends of the U-shape are perpendicularly directed inlet and outlet sections 10, 12 for the connection of the waveguide to a microwave circuit.
At the mutually remote faces of the plates 4 are respective manifolds 14 having pressure air inlet `pipes 16, a series of small, spaced apertures 18 along the length of the U-shaped portions connecting the manifolds to the interior of the waveguide. At their adjacent faces, the plates have respective screens of fabric or perforate sheets 20 laid over them and held fixed by securing strips 22. These sheets prevent the passage of solid matter into the interior of the opposed portions of the waveguide but allow air from the manifold to pass in a relatively evenly distributed flow through the faces to the gap or slot `6 so that the web W is cushioned -by the air flow and can be kept out of contact with the waveguide structure. If itis necessary to close the paths through the inlet and outlet waveguide sections 10, 12 to the air flow seals can be provided, such as the polythene sheet 24 illustrated, which will be transparent to micro- Wave radiation although impermeable to the air flow. Escape of microwave energy -through the apertures 18 is precluded by selecting the size and disposition of the apertures so that they are opaque to these energy frequencies and do not cause interference with the signals generated.
In the construction shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 the slotted waveguide is formed by a pair of opposed plates 28 of channel form cross-section, the side limbs of the two channels defining the slots 30 betwe'en them, and the interiors of the waveguide portions are connected to oppositely offset or cranked inlet and outlet waveguide sections 32, 34, one section being secured to each of the plates 28. Respective conduits 36, 38 now lead pressure air directly into the microwave path at the sections 32,
3 34 and to prevent the escape of microwave energy through the conduits, reflecting posts 40 or resonant sections may be incorporated adjacent their junctions with the waveguide sections.
Similarly to the' previous example, FIG. 4 shows a polythene sheet air seal 42 inserted at the junction between the waveguide inlet section 32 and the preceding waveguide portion and a similar seal will also be provided at the end of the exit section 34. FIGS. 4 and 5 also show a pervious sheet 44 extending between the edges of the slots 30 at each adjacent face of the plates 28, the sheets being held in position by securing strips 46.
In FIGS. 6 to 8, sections 50 of the slotte'd waveguide are now provided integrally with air inlet manifolds 52, each section being formed from a hollow E-section tube. The waveguide `formed by the parallel recesses of the tube sections may be U-shaped as in the rst-illustrated example or these recesses may provide a pair of alternative paths in parallel. The air escapes from the manifolds 52 at transverse slots 54 at the opposed faces 5'6 of the slots and at the remote opposed faces 58 of the waveguide interior. By giving the slots a suitable distribution, it is not necessary to provide a pervious sheet to distribute the air flow along the waveguide. An air seal 60 is again provided at each adjoining waveguide section.
In this example it may be possible to dispense with the slots in the remote faces 58 so that air is not blown into the path of the microwave radiation; this arrangement is shown in FIG. 9 where air from the manifolds 14 is ejected through apertures 62 spaced from the microwave transmission path of the waveguide interior. As the air then does not need to flow through the waveguide interior it would be possible to ll these interior spaces to the level of the faces of the slots with a solid dielectric material 64 so closing olf the waveguide interior to the ingress of air or foreign matter.
If the pressure air is not required to ow through any part of the microwave energy path, it is possible to provide discrete means attached to or suspended adjacent to the slots of the waveguide to eject the pressure flow at or adjacent the edges of the slots. In many instances the provision of a gas flow at the peripheral slots of the waveguide may provide a sufficient cushioning effect, such an arrangement being shown in FIG. where tubes 68 are attached to the sides of the waveguide to extend along said sides, and have a series of apertures 69 along their length for the pressure gas emission.
It will be appreciated that the present invention is applicable to slotted waveguides of very diverse form. For example, the U-shape shown in FIG. 1 can be elaborated into a convoluted or serpentine form. Furthermore the gas flow may be provided on one side of the sheet only where, for example, it is only required to provide a supporting cushion from below or where one face only of the sheet has a coating which must be protected from rubbing damage.
In use of the invention, the pressure gas employed need not be air but can be chosen with regard to the particular sheet material being passed through the waveguide and the gas can be iirst ltered, dried, heated or cooled as required and may even be so chosen as to itself effect a process step, e.g. drying, heating or a chemical reaction, on the material,
It will be appreciated that the microwave' circuits with which a waveguide according to the invention can be employed, whether for the control or the measurement of the moisture content of the sheet material being processed may take any conventional form and therefore need no description here.
What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
1. A hollow waveguide for use in the control and/or measurement of the moisture content of a sheet material comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed walls and respective slots in said walls, the edges of the slots defining a planar region across the width of the waveguide between said walls for the passage of a sheet material through the waveguide interior, a gas entry passage coextending with the waveguide, gas ejection means comprising a series of apertures along the length of the passage to open at or adjacent the edges of the slots at least at one face of said planar region outside the boundaries of the associated microwave transmission path of the waveguide to provide a gas flow between said sheet material and the slot edges of at least one face.
2. A hollow waveguide according to claim 5 further including a gas entry manifold co-extending with the waveguide, said ejection means comprising a series of apertures along the length of the manifold wherein the manifold apertures open in the faces of the slots outside the boundaries of the associated microwave transmission path.
3. A hollow waveguide according to claim 1 wherein the microwave path from the opposed faces of said planar region is filled with a dielectric transparent to microwave transmission.
-4. A hollow waveguide according to claim 1 wherein said gas is selected or treated to perform a process operation upon the sheet material.
5. A hollow waveguide for use in the control and/ or measurement of the moisture content of a sheet material comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed walls and respective slots in said walls, the edges of the slots defining a planar region across the width of the waveguide between said walls for the passage of a sheet material through the waveguide interior, gas ejection means being arranged at or adjacent the edges of the slotsat least at one face of saidy planar region and outside the microwave path through the waveguide, and said path, from the planar region defined by the opposed faces, being filled with a dielectric transparent to microwave transmission.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,263,052 7/1966 Jepson et al. 2l9-10.55
FOREIGN PATENTS 1,048,3 17 11/1966 Great Britain.
1,050,493 12/ 1966 Great Britain.
1,014,117 12/1965 Great Britain.
KENNETH W. SPRAGUE, Primary Examiner U-S, Cl.- X.R. 13.19-10.55
US701139A 1966-04-29 1968-01-29 Microwave apparatus for the processing or measurement of sheet materials Expired - Lifetime US3488858A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4508/67A GB1187963A (en) 1966-04-29 1966-04-29 Improvements in the Measurement of Moisture in Sheet Materials.
GB1895566 1966-04-29
GB21542/67A GB1214467A (en) 1966-04-29 1967-01-30 Improvements in or relating to microwave apparatus for the processing or measurement of sheet materials

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6056261U (en) * 1983-09-27 1985-04-19 横河電機株式会社 microwave moisture meter
US5114684A (en) * 1990-12-13 1992-05-19 Serawaste Systems Corporation In-line electromagnetic energy wave applicator
US5423260A (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-06-13 Rockwell International Corporation Device for heating a printed web for a printing press
US20060208194A1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Microwave mass measuring device and process

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2129944A (en) * 1982-11-08 1984-05-23 Nat Res Dev Microwave moisture sensor
DE102008018888B4 (en) * 2008-04-14 2014-03-13 Elisabeth Katz Device for determining the moisture content of a material web or sheet

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1050493A (en) *
GB1014117A (en) * 1963-04-03 1965-12-22 Menschner Ges Mit Beschraenkte An electrodeless high frequency oven
US3263052A (en) * 1963-09-11 1966-07-26 Cryodry Corp Power distribution system for microwave process chambers
GB1048317A (en) * 1964-07-28 1966-11-16 Philips Electronic Associated Improvements in radio-frequency heating apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1050493A (en) *
GB1014117A (en) * 1963-04-03 1965-12-22 Menschner Ges Mit Beschraenkte An electrodeless high frequency oven
US3263052A (en) * 1963-09-11 1966-07-26 Cryodry Corp Power distribution system for microwave process chambers
GB1048317A (en) * 1964-07-28 1966-11-16 Philips Electronic Associated Improvements in radio-frequency heating apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6056261U (en) * 1983-09-27 1985-04-19 横河電機株式会社 microwave moisture meter
US5114684A (en) * 1990-12-13 1992-05-19 Serawaste Systems Corporation In-line electromagnetic energy wave applicator
US5423260A (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-06-13 Rockwell International Corporation Device for heating a printed web for a printing press
US20060208194A1 (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-09-21 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Microwave mass measuring device and process

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GB1214467A (en) 1970-12-02
GB1187963A (en) 1970-04-15

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