US3550382A - Method of construction of tunnel lining - Google Patents

Method of construction of tunnel lining Download PDF

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Publication number
US3550382A
US3550382A US703763A US3550382DA US3550382A US 3550382 A US3550382 A US 3550382A US 703763 A US703763 A US 703763A US 3550382D A US3550382D A US 3550382DA US 3550382 A US3550382 A US 3550382A
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Prior art keywords
shield
tunnel
concrete
pressure
advance
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US703763A
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Vladimir Alexandrovich Khodosh
Sergei Fedorovich Salov
Valentin Alexandrovich Ivanov
Evstafy Andreevich Vasilenko
Leonid Ivanovich Saveliev
Evgeny Moiseevich Bolotin
Leonid Konstantinovi Khaidurov
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Priority claimed from SU1133321A external-priority patent/SU281521A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • a method of constructing a tunnel lining is disclosed in which concrete is fed behind an intermittently advancing shield during each successive stage of advancement to form a lining along the tunnel as the tunnel is being cut by the shield.
  • the concrete is compacted during and by the progressive advance of the shield and a uniform compacting pressure is applied to the concrete with counter-pressure on the shield and the face of the tunnel at the end of each advance of the shield when the latter is stationary.
  • This invention relates to tunnel construction, and more particularly to methods of construction of a tunnel lining in the course of tunneling with the use of a shield, the concrete mix being compacted by the reactive force of the shield jacks.
  • the invention relates to tunnelling in soft soil.
  • the material of the tunnel lining (generally concrete) is compacted under the shield shell by a reactive force of the shield jacks, said reactive force being developed in the course of shield advance.
  • the force of compaction depends upon the force of shield cutting into the soil, so that the concrete mix fails to be compacted throughout by a uniform force.
  • FIG. 1 shows a tunnelling shield for the construction of tunnels, which insures compaction of concrete mix in the course of shield advance;
  • FIG. 2 shows the same shield in the course of concrete mix after-compaction, with the shield bearing against the tunnel face.
  • the concrete mix is compacted in the course of advance of the shield (FIG. 1) and rotation of its cutting head 2.
  • the concrete mix 3 is compacted under the shell 4 of the shield 1.
  • the concrete mix 3 is forced out from under the shell 4 into the spaces between the external surface of said shell and the soil. Compaction is effected by a pressure of to 225 p.s.i. produced by the reactive force of the shield jacks 5 by means of the pressure ring 6.
  • the lower limit of the pressure depends on the conditions for gradual forcing out of the concrete mix 3 beyond the shield shell, while the maximum pressure is determined by the optimum design characteristics of the tunnelling shield with the rotary cutting head 2.
  • the concrete mix 3 is compacted by a specified constant pressure up to 750 atm. uniformly distributed over the entire section of the lining. Compaction pressure is applied to the concrete mix by means of the pressure ring 6 to the reactive force of the shield jacks 5, said force being developed when the stationary working cutting head 2 bears against the tunnel face.
  • the upper limit of the com action pressure depends on the conditions providing a strong and watertight tunnel lining, and with due consideration of the design characteristics of the tunnelling shield.
  • a method of constructing a tunnel lining comprising intermittently advancing a tunnelling shield to cut a tunnel in successive stages, feeding concrete behind the shield during each stage to form a lining along the tunnel as the tunnel is being cut, compacting the concrete during and by the progressive advance of the shield during each stage, and separately applying a substantially increased uniform compacting pressure on said concrete with counter pressure on said shield and the face of the tunnel at the end of each advance of the shield when the latter is stationary, the tunnelling shield being provided with a cutting head which rotates during each advance of the shield to cut the tunnel, said cutting head being at rest during the application of pressure at the end of each advance of the shield.
  • tunnelling shield is provided with a casing which extends rearwardly and forms an outer lining for the tunnel during the compaction of the concrete when the shield is advanced, the concrete being compacted into a space beneath the casing during the advance of the shield.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Description

DEC. 29, 1970 v, KHODOSH ETAL 3,550,382
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION OF TUNNEL LINING Filed Feb. 7, 1968 United States Patent 3,550,382 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION OF TUNNEL LINING Vladimir Alexandrovich Khodosh, Ul. Burdenko 16/12, kv. 16; Sergei Fedorovich Salov, Ul. Akademika Koroleva 9, korpus 2, kv. 284; Valentin Alexandrovich Ivanov, Ul. Konstantinova 4, kv. 25; Evstafy Andreevich Vasilenko, Rizhsky proezd 1/5, kv. 50; Leonid Ivanovich Saveliev, Otkrytoe shosse 29, korpus 11, kv. 58; Evgeny Moiseevich Bolotin, Otkrytoe shosse 24, korp. 25, kv. 12; and Leonid Konstantinovich Khaidurov, Otlstrgtoe shosse 24, korp. g, kv. 31, all of Moscow, U. .R.'
Filed Feb. 7, 1968, Ser. No. 703,763 Claims priority, application 2U.S.S.R., Feb. 8, 1967, 1 Int. Cl. E01g 5/08; E21d 11/10 US. Cl. 61-45 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method of constructing a tunnel lining is disclosed in which concrete is fed behind an intermittently advancing shield during each successive stage of advancement to form a lining along the tunnel as the tunnel is being cut by the shield. The concrete is compacted during and by the progressive advance of the shield and a uniform compacting pressure is applied to the concrete with counter-pressure on the shield and the face of the tunnel at the end of each advance of the shield when the latter is stationary.
This invention relates to tunnel construction, and more particularly to methods of construction of a tunnel lining in the course of tunneling with the use of a shield, the concrete mix being compacted by the reactive force of the shield jacks.
Primarily the invention relates to tunnelling in soft soil.
It is known that the material of the tunnel lining (generally concrete) is compacted under the shield shell by a reactive force of the shield jacks, said reactive force being developed in the course of shield advance. However, according to this arrangement, the force of compaction depends upon the force of shield cutting into the soil, so that the concrete mix fails to be compacted throughout by a uniform force. Besides, when a certain number of the shield packs are deactivated, for the purpose of reversing the shield, this results in non-uniform compaction of the concrete mix in the cross-sectional plane of the tunnel lining.
In mechanized tunnel cutting with the use of the tunnelling shield, a frontal resistance develops which is insufficient for providing a strong and watertight tunnel lining.
It is an object of this invention to eliminate the abovementioned disadvantages of the conventionally known method of construction of the cast-in-place compacted concrete lining of the tunnel.
In the accomplishment of this object, after each advance of the tunnelling shield through a pre-set length of the tunnel, the concrete mix is subjected to additional compaction, known as after-compaction, with the shield bearing against the face of the tunnel.
3,550,382 Patented Dec. 29, 1970 The specific features and advantages of this invention will appear more completely from the following description of a typical embodiment thereof which is given by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a tunnelling shield for the construction of tunnels, which insures compaction of concrete mix in the course of shield advance; and
FIG. 2 shows the same shield in the course of concrete mix after-compaction, with the shield bearing against the tunnel face.
First the concrete mix is compacted in the course of advance of the shield (FIG. 1) and rotation of its cutting head 2. At this stage the concrete mix 3 is compacted under the shell 4 of the shield 1. Following the gradual advance of the shield 1, the concrete mix 3 is forced out from under the shell 4 into the spaces between the external surface of said shell and the soil. Compaction is effected by a pressure of to 225 p.s.i. produced by the reactive force of the shield jacks 5 by means of the pressure ring 6.
The lower limit of the pressure depends on the conditions for gradual forcing out of the concrete mix 3 beyond the shield shell, while the maximum pressure is determined by the optimum design characteristics of the tunnelling shield with the rotary cutting head 2.
After the tunnelling shield 1 (FIG. 2) advances through the preset length of the tunnel, the concrete mix 3 is compacted by a specified constant pressure up to 750 atm. uniformly distributed over the entire section of the lining. Compaction pressure is applied to the concrete mix by means of the pressure ring 6 to the reactive force of the shield jacks 5, said force being developed when the stationary working cutting head 2 bears against the tunnel face.
The upper limit of the com action pressure depends on the conditions providing a strong and watertight tunnel lining, and with due consideration of the design characteristics of the tunnelling shield.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of constructing a tunnel lining, said method comprising intermittently advancing a tunnelling shield to cut a tunnel in successive stages, feeding concrete behind the shield during each stage to form a lining along the tunnel as the tunnel is being cut, compacting the concrete during and by the progressive advance of the shield during each stage, and separately applying a substantially increased uniform compacting pressure on said concrete with counter pressure on said shield and the face of the tunnel at the end of each advance of the shield when the latter is stationary, the tunnelling shield being provided with a cutting head which rotates during each advance of the shield to cut the tunnel, said cutting head being at rest during the application of pressure at the end of each advance of the shield.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the concrete is subjected to a compaction pressure during the advance of the shield of about 75 to 225 p.s.i. and a compaction pressure at the end of each advance of the shield of about 750- p.s.i.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the pressure is applied to the concrete by jacks which are connected to the head and all of which are utilized to develop uniform pressure.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3 wherein the tunnelling shield is provided with a casing which extends rearwardly and forms an outer lining for the tunnel during the compaction of the concrete when the shield is advanced, the concrete being compacted into a space beneath the casing during the advance of the shield.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES 5 German printed application 1,206,938, December 1965.
JACOB SHAPIRO, Primary Examiner US Cl. X.R.
US703763A 1967-02-08 1968-02-07 Method of construction of tunnel lining Expired - Lifetime US3550382A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU1133321A SU281521A1 (en) 1967-02-08 METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION IN L \ YAGKY GROUND OF A TUNNEL WITH A MONOLITHIC-PRESSED WOODWORK

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US3550382A true US3550382A (en) 1970-12-29

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US703763A Expired - Lifetime US3550382A (en) 1967-02-08 1968-02-07 Method of construction of tunnel lining

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US (1) US3550382A (en)
AT (1) AT282676B (en)
BE (1) BE710457A (en)
CH (1) CH469871A (en)
DE (1) DE1658732B1 (en)
ES (1) ES350673A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1553463A (en)
GB (1) GB1213046A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889480A (en) * 1971-09-27 1975-06-17 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Process of, and a plant for, constructing tunnels
DE2844953A1 (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-04-17 G Proektno Izyskatelskyj I Met Monolithically pressed concrete tunnel lining shield - has sliding support unit following swivelling shaping unit with surface contouring component
US4451176A (en) * 1979-05-30 1984-05-29 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Apparatus for and method of driving tunnels
US4459063A (en) * 1980-08-07 1984-07-10 Shaw Christopher B Building construction
US4813813A (en) * 1986-07-08 1989-03-21 Minoru Yamamoto Method for constructing a tunnel
US4990027A (en) * 1989-06-16 1991-02-05 Kubota Construction Co., Ltd. Shield tunneling method and shield machine therefor

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2240091C2 (en) * 1971-09-27 1982-02-04 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Concreting process in connection with the jacking shield or cutting shoe supported on the in-situ concrete and equipment for carrying out the process
DE7614295U1 (en) * 1976-01-29 1978-03-16 (Belgien) SHIELD MACHINE WITH A DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A TUNNEL LINING IN IN-SITE CONCRETE
FR2430514A1 (en) * 1978-07-03 1980-02-01 Socea Tunnel concrete lining system - uses heating formwork and insulating material applied to casing
FR2533619A1 (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-03-30 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Device for drilling tunnels.

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE241883C (en) *
DE1872744U (en) * 1962-11-02 1963-05-30 Josef Boessner DRIVING MACHINE FOR MILLING AND CONCRETEING TUNNELS.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889480A (en) * 1971-09-27 1975-06-17 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Process of, and a plant for, constructing tunnels
DE2844953A1 (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-04-17 G Proektno Izyskatelskyj I Met Monolithically pressed concrete tunnel lining shield - has sliding support unit following swivelling shaping unit with surface contouring component
US4451176A (en) * 1979-05-30 1984-05-29 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Apparatus for and method of driving tunnels
US4459063A (en) * 1980-08-07 1984-07-10 Shaw Christopher B Building construction
US4813813A (en) * 1986-07-08 1989-03-21 Minoru Yamamoto Method for constructing a tunnel
US4990027A (en) * 1989-06-16 1991-02-05 Kubota Construction Co., Ltd. Shield tunneling method and shield machine therefor

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Publication number Publication date
CH469871A (en) 1969-03-15
BE710457A (en) 1968-08-07
DE1658732B1 (en) 1970-03-12
ES350673A1 (en) 1969-05-16
GB1213046A (en) 1970-11-18
AT282676B (en) 1970-07-10
FR1553463A (en) 1969-01-10

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