US3625119A - Surface applications such as bridge deck covering, pavement patching, roofing applications and other coverings - Google Patents
Surface applications such as bridge deck covering, pavement patching, roofing applications and other coverings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3625119A US3625119A US845493A US3625119DA US3625119A US 3625119 A US3625119 A US 3625119A US 845493 A US845493 A US 845493A US 3625119D A US3625119D A US 3625119DA US 3625119 A US3625119 A US 3625119A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mat
- adhesive
- aggregate
- sealed
- fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005224 forefinger Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
- E01C7/185—Isolating, separating or connecting intermediate layers, e.g. adhesive layers; Transmission of shearing force in horizontal intermediate planes, e.g. by protrusions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/16—Reinforcements
- E01C11/165—Reinforcements particularly for bituminous or rubber- or plastic-bound pavings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/08—Damp-proof or other insulating layers; Drainage arrangements or devices ; Bridge deck surfacings
- E01D19/083—Waterproofing of bridge decks; Other insulations for bridges, e.g. thermal ; Bridge deck surfacings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
Definitions
- this invention relates to the preparation of a fabric-containing surface covering or patching.
- the invention relates to an adhesive-fabric combination application to surfaces.
- it relates to the use of nonheat-sealed polypropylene l fabric or mat for hard surface application.
- the invention provides a method for covering a surface as herein described which comprises applying to a preferably clean surface an adhesive coating, for example, a cutback asphalt or asphalt emulsion which preferably will be of a cationic type, laying a mat of nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric into the coating, applying further adhesive as may be desired, together with aggregate, and finally, smoothing the mass as by rolling or otherwise to make the final surface application covering.
- an adhesive coating for example, a cutback asphalt or asphalt emulsion which preferably will be of a cationic type
- nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric or mat is used together with adhesive and with aggregate and then smoothed or rolled or otherwise compacted as may be desired.
- the heatsealed material has a thickness of approximately one-third of the original nonheat-sealed material. Also, it is seen that the "nonheat-sealed material holds about twice the amount of asphalt as does the heat-sealed material.
- the compressibility of the nonheat-sealed" material is considerably greater than the compressibility of the heatsealed" material. lndeed, the heat-sealed material has very little give when pressed between the thumb and forefinger while the nonheat-sealed” material has considerable give. Also, the nonheat-sealed material appears to be compressed in this manner to one-half to one-third its original thickness.
- a particularly good surfacing for bridge decks is obtained by use of the invention.
- Heat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene fabric is made using the following steps: l filaments are randomized on a continuously moving conveyor which also carries a scrim of rayon, cotton, or polypropylene; (2) filaments plus scrim are passed through a revolving spindle of needles so that part of the filaments are punched through the scrim and other randomized fibers, thus forming a nonwoven fabric structure; (3) the fabric is then run through heated rollers (approximately 300 F. for polypropylene) to fuse the filaments or fibers both on the top and bottom surfaces; and (4) the completed fabric is then wound on spools to form rolls about 300 feet in length.
- heated rollers approximately 300 F. for polypropylene
- Nonheat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene fabric is made using the above steps, but omitting step (3).
- This nonheatsealed polypropylene fabric is the nonwoven fabric to which this invention is applied.
- polypropylene which can be used in making this nonwoven fabric
- materials include such a polyvinylchloride and nylon, or the like.
- the asphalts which can be used as sealants include the commercially available asphalt cements (penetration grades 40-50, 60-70, -100, l20-l50, and 200-300); the commer- 1 cially available cutbacks (various grades of rapid curing,[RC], medium curing [MC], and slow curing [SC] liquid asphalts or road oils); and the commercially available asphalt emulsions, anionics, cationics, and nonionics.
- a particularly useful asphaltic material used in this invention has been a cationic asphalt emulsion, rapid setting grade CRS-l which (ASTM and AASHO tests) has a furol viscosity at 122 F. of 20 to seconds; settlement, 5 days, percent difference 5-; sieve test (retained on No. 20), percent 0. 10 particle charge test of positive; distillation: residue, percent by weight 60+; oil distillate, percent by volume of emulsion 3; and, on the residue from distillation: penetration, 77 F., 100 gms., 5 sec. of 100 to 250; solubility in CCL percent of 97+; and ductility at 77 F cm. of 40+.
- a surface covering suitable for covering roads surfaces, roofs, bridge decks, and the like which comprises an asphalt adhesive, a nonheat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene mat and aggregate laid thereon and smoothed into said fabric and adhesive wherein adhesive completely permeates and impregnates the entire mat and is present in sufficient quantity on top of the mat to receive the aggregate.
- a method of laying a covering upon a surface which comprises applying an asphalt adhesive coating to said surface, the adhesive coating material when applied being in the fluid state sufiicient to penetrate a mat, laying a nonwoven, nonheatsealed polypropylene mat on said adhesive coating, spreading upon the thus prepared surface layer of aggregate and then compacting said aggregate into said thus prepared surface, the adhesive being applied in a quantity sufficient to be present on top of the mat to receive a compacted aggregate.
Abstract
A nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric, e.g., nonheat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene mat or fabric, is used within an asphalt aggregate surface covering. A cutback asphalt or asphalt emulsion is spread, a mat of nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric is laid into the asphalt, further adhesive can be applied together with aggregate and finally, the mass is smoothed by rolling to make the final surface application covering. Blisters which are formed when using heat-sealed fabric are avoided.
Description
United States Patent Appl. No. Filed Patented Assignee SURFACE APPLICATIONS SUCH AS BRIDGE DECK COVERING, PAVEMENT PATCI-IING, ROOFING APPLICATIONS AND OTHER COVERINGS 4 Claims, No Drawings [1.8. CI 94/9, 94/23, 94/3 Int. Cl E0lc 7/18 Field of Search 94/3, 4, 9, 7, 23
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2/1928 Wenrich 94/3 X 1,854,512 4/1932 Heppes 94/3 UX 1,893,742 1/1933 Heidman 94/3 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,015,746 1/1966 Great Britain 94/4 Primary Examiner.lac0b L. Nackenolf An0rney Young and Quigg ABSTRACT: A nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric, e.g.,
SURFACE APPLICATIONS SUCH AS BRIDGE DECK COVERING, PAVEMENT PATCHING, ROOFING APPLICATIONS AND OTHER COVERINGS In one of its aspects this invention relates to the preparation of a fabric-containing surface covering or patching. In another of its aspects the invention relates to an adhesive-fabric combination application to surfaces. In a further aspect of the invention it relates to the use of nonheat-sealed polypropylene l fabric or mat for hard surface application.
In one of its concepts the invention provides a method for covering a surface as herein described which comprises applying to a preferably clean surface an adhesive coating, for example, a cutback asphalt or asphalt emulsion which preferably will be of a cationic type, laying a mat of nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric into the coating, applying further adhesive as may be desired, together with aggregate, and finally, smoothing the mass as by rolling or otherwise to make the final surface application covering.
We have found that when using heat-sealed and sometimes woven polypropylene fabric blisters can occur. It is now through that the hot rolling process produces certain stresses in the fabric which later relax and cause humps or blisters on the surface of the roof or road which has been covered therewith. lndeed, even cold asphalt, when applied to the heat-sealed nonwoven fabric made of polypropylene, seems to cause a relaxation of the heat-sealed surfaces, e.g., some expansion, and buckling or blistering occurs.
We have found that replacing the polypropylene fabric which has been heat-sealed with nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric or mat that blisters do not appear when such a mat is placed on a hard surface with asphalt sealant. The finished surface or patches made with the nonheattreated fabric is different from those made with the normal, i.e., heat-treated fabric. The raised nap surface of the nonheat-sealed fabric holds more asphalt sealant without running. An improved imbedment of aggregate is obtained.
It is an object of this invention to prepare a surface covering. it is another object of this invention to obtain a better surface covering. It is a further object of this invention to obtain improved imbedment of aggregate in an adhesive-containing surface covering also containing aggregate. It is a still further object of this invention to suitably use a nonwoven polypropylene fabric or mat which has not been heat-sealed or surface treated in any way.
Other aspects, concepts and the several advantages of this invention are apparent from a study of this disclosure and the appended claims.
According to the present invention nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric or mat is used together with adhesive and with aggregate and then smoothed or rolled or otherwise compacted as may be desired.
The following data have been obtained using nonwoven heat-sealed" and nonheat-sealed polypropylene fabric These pieces should weigh the same, but these two 6" 6" samples were from different production runs, but essentially the same for purposes of the invention.
From the foregoing data it can be seen that the heatsealed" material has a thickness of approximately one-third of the original nonheat-sealed material. Also, it is seen that the "nonheat-sealed material holds about twice the amount of asphalt as does the heat-sealed material.
The compressibility of the nonheat-sealed" material is considerably greater than the compressibility of the heatsealed" material. lndeed, the heat-sealed material has very little give when pressed between the thumb and forefinger while the nonheat-sealed" material has considerable give. Also, the nonheat-sealed material appears to be compressed in this manner to one-half to one-third its original thickness.
A particularly good surfacing for bridge decks is obtained by use of the invention. Heat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene fabric is made using the following steps: l filaments are randomized on a continuously moving conveyor which also carries a scrim of rayon, cotton, or polypropylene; (2) filaments plus scrim are passed through a revolving spindle of needles so that part of the filaments are punched through the scrim and other randomized fibers, thus forming a nonwoven fabric structure; (3) the fabric is then run through heated rollers (approximately 300 F. for polypropylene) to fuse the filaments or fibers both on the top and bottom surfaces; and (4) the completed fabric is then wound on spools to form rolls about 300 feet in length.
Nonheat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene fabric is made using the above steps, but omitting step (3). This nonheatsealed polypropylene fabric is the nonwoven fabric to which this invention is applied.
Other materials, besides polypropylene, which can be used in making this nonwoven fabric include such a polyvinylchloride and nylon, or the like.
The asphalts which can be used as sealants include the commercially available asphalt cements (penetration grades 40-50, 60-70, -100, l20-l50, and 200-300); the commer- 1 cially available cutbacks (various grades of rapid curing,[RC], medium curing [MC], and slow curing [SC] liquid asphalts or road oils); and the commercially available asphalt emulsions, anionics, cationics, and nonionics.
A particularly useful asphaltic material used in this invention has been a cationic asphalt emulsion, rapid setting grade CRS-l which (ASTM and AASHO tests) has a furol viscosity at 122 F. of 20 to seconds; settlement, 5 days, percent difference 5-; sieve test (retained on No. 20), percent 0. 10 particle charge test of positive; distillation: residue, percent by weight 60+; oil distillate, percent by volume of emulsion 3; and, on the residue from distillation: penetration, 77 F., 100 gms., 5 sec. of 100 to 250; solubility in CCL percent of 97+; and ductility at 77 F cm. of 40+.
Reasonable variation and modification are possible within the scope of the foregoing disclosure and the appended claims to the invention the essence of which is that nonheat-sealed, nonwoven polypropylene fabric or mat has been used together with adhesive and aggregate to form a surface covering as herein described.
We claim:
1. A surface covering suitable for covering roads surfaces, roofs, bridge decks, and the like which comprises an asphalt adhesive, a nonheat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene mat and aggregate laid thereon and smoothed into said fabric and adhesive wherein adhesive completely permeates and impregnates the entire mat and is present in sufficient quantity on top of the mat to receive the aggregate.
2. A method of laying a covering upon a surface which comprises applying an asphalt adhesive coating to said surface, the adhesive coating material when applied being in the fluid state sufiicient to penetrate a mat, laying a nonwoven, nonheatsealed polypropylene mat on said adhesive coating, spreading upon the thus prepared surface layer of aggregate and then compacting said aggregate into said thus prepared surface, the adhesive being applied in a quantity sufficient to be present on top of the mat to receive a compacted aggregate.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the composite of the claim is applied to a bridge surface or deck.
4. A method according to claim 2 wherein there is deposited upon the polypropylene mat which has been laid on said adhesive coating a further quantity of adhesive which permeates into said mat and there is then spread upon the thus prepared surface layer of aggregate which is then compacted into the adhesive coated mat.
Claims (4)
1. A surface covering suitable for covering road surfaces, roofs, bridge decks, and the like which comprises an asphalt adhesive, a nonheat-sealed nonwoven polypropylene mat and aggregate laid thereon and smoothed into said fabric and adhesive wherein adhesive completely permeates and impregnates the entire mat and is present in sufficient quantity on top of the mat to receive the aggregate.
2. A method of laying a covering upon a surface which comprises applying an asphalt adhesive coating to said surface, the adhesive coating material when applied being in the fluid state sufficient to penetrate a mat, laying a nonwoven, nonheat-sealed polypropylene mat on said adhesive coating, spreading upon the thus prepared surface a layer of aggregate and then compacting said aggregate into said thus prepared surface, the adhesive being applied in a quantity sufficient to be present on top of the mat to receive a compacted aggregate.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the composite of the claim is applied to a bridge surface or deck.
4. A method according to claim 2 wherein there is deposited upon the polypropylene mat which has been laid on said adhesive coating a further quantity of adhesive which further quantity of adhesive permeates into said mat and there is then spread upon the thus prepared surface a layer of aggregate which is then compacted into the adhesive coated mat.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84549369A | 1969-07-28 | 1969-07-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3625119A true US3625119A (en) | 1971-12-07 |
Family
ID=25295359
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US845493A Expired - Lifetime US3625119A (en) | 1969-07-28 | 1969-07-28 | Surface applications such as bridge deck covering, pavement patching, roofing applications and other coverings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3625119A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2184680A1 (en) * | 1972-05-15 | 1973-12-28 | Held & Francke Bau Ag | |
| US4068968A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-01-17 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Roadway barrier structure and method of making |
| US4168924A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1979-09-25 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Plastic reinforcement of concrete |
| US5183353A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-02-02 | Buckelew Jack E | Pavement hole seal covered repair fill |
| US5660498A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-08-26 | Freeman; Roger | Patching system and method for repairing roadways |
| US20060204332A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Guy Boudreau | Method for repairing holes in pavement |
| US20060204330A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Guy Boudreau | Method for repairing holes in pavement |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1658178A (en) * | 1927-06-03 | 1928-02-07 | Armstrong Cork Co | Laying linoleum and similar floor coverings |
| US1854512A (en) * | 1931-02-06 | 1932-04-19 | Tile Tex Company | Floor and wall covering |
| US1893742A (en) * | 1929-04-17 | 1933-01-10 | Nat Heliofloor Company | Floor construction |
| GB1015746A (en) * | 1963-09-28 | 1966-01-05 | Leslie Hoad | Improvements in or relating to portable and flexible paving strips |
-
1969
- 1969-07-28 US US845493A patent/US3625119A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1658178A (en) * | 1927-06-03 | 1928-02-07 | Armstrong Cork Co | Laying linoleum and similar floor coverings |
| US1893742A (en) * | 1929-04-17 | 1933-01-10 | Nat Heliofloor Company | Floor construction |
| US1854512A (en) * | 1931-02-06 | 1932-04-19 | Tile Tex Company | Floor and wall covering |
| GB1015746A (en) * | 1963-09-28 | 1966-01-05 | Leslie Hoad | Improvements in or relating to portable and flexible paving strips |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2184680A1 (en) * | 1972-05-15 | 1973-12-28 | Held & Francke Bau Ag | |
| US4068968A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1978-01-17 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Roadway barrier structure and method of making |
| US4168924A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1979-09-25 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Plastic reinforcement of concrete |
| US5183353A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-02-02 | Buckelew Jack E | Pavement hole seal covered repair fill |
| US5660498A (en) * | 1996-01-16 | 1997-08-26 | Freeman; Roger | Patching system and method for repairing roadways |
| US20060204332A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Guy Boudreau | Method for repairing holes in pavement |
| US20060204330A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-14 | Guy Boudreau | Method for repairing holes in pavement |
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