US3673357A

US3673357A - Tactile response switch with unitary control strip of independently operably plural disc contacts

Info

Publication number: US3673357A
Application number: US128997A
Authority: US
Inventors: Andrew John Molchan
Original assignee: Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Current assignee: AT&T Corp
Priority date: 1971-03-29
Filing date: 1971-03-29
Publication date: 1972-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 1989-06-27

Abstract

A tactile response switch comprises a unitary cantilever-snap disc mechanism in which the cantilever provides reliable electrical contact properties and the snap disc provides a tactile response to contact closure. A plurality of independent contact closures can be made by operation of a single contact button and the properties of the cantilever and the snap disc can be easily tailored to achieve a desired sequence of contact closures and desired switch operating characteristics.

Description

United States Patent Molchan 1 June 27, 1972 [54] TACTILE RESPONSE SWITCH WITH 2,994,531 8/l961 Eberwein ..200/5 A UNITARY CONTROL STRIP OF 3,188,435 6/l965 Rugsten .200/166 PC INDEPENDENT-LY OPERABLY PL 3,544,987 l2/I970 McMann Jr. et 8]. ..200/$ R X DISC CONTACTS URAL 3,319,03l S/l967 Butler ..200/67 DA X [72] Inventor: Andrew John Molchan, Indianapolis, Ind. FOREIGN PATENTS 0R APPLICATIONS Assignee: kph L'horm lncorporacd l Germany 8 Murray Hill, NJ. I Primary Examiner-J. R. Scott [22] Filed: March 29, 197i Attorney-R. J. Guenther and Edwin B. Cave [21] Appl. No.: 128,997 [57] ABSTRACT {52] Us. Cl 200,5 A 200/ 59 B A tactile response switch comprises a unitary cantilever-snap [Sl Int. Cl. llllllllll 5/30 disc mechanism in which the cantilever provides reliable elec- {581 Field 67 DA trical contact properties and the snap disc provides a tactile 6 B '6 response to contact closure. A plurality of independent contact closures can be made by operation of a single contact but- [56] hum Cited ton and the properties of the cantilever and the snap disc can be easily tailored to achieve a desired sequence of contact clo- UNITED STATES PATENTS sures and desired switch operating characteristics.

3,290,439 12/1966 Willcox et al. ..200/5 A X 4 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures SHEET 2 [IF 2 7 O 'IIIIIIIIIIII'IIIIIIIIIIIII BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to electrical switches and more particularly to switches which provide a tactile response feedback on switch operation.

2. Description of the Prior Art With increasing miniaturization of electrical apparatus, switches having very small operating forces and having limited deflections are finding increasing usage. From the human factors standpoint it is often desirable, or even necessary. that some type of feedback on switch operation or switch contact closure be provided to the switch operator. Otherwise, it may not be possible for the operator to ascertain when the switch has been properly operated.

Various types of feedback such as visual, audible, and tactile have been employed. One example of a tactile response feedback is that provided by snap switches. These snap switches utilize spring devices such as belleville washers to obtain the snap action which provides a tactile response.

Presently available snap switches have limitations which prevent their effective use in some applications. One such limitation is the short contact closure times which may not be sufficient for applications such as telephone pushbutton dials. Another limitation is the sensitivity of the switch parameters such as operating forces to variations caused by manufacturing tolerances in the characteristics of the snap disc. Still another limitation is the unreliable contact properties which result from the absence of a wiping action on the contacts.

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to improve switches for providing a tactile response feedback.

A more specific object is to provide a tactile response switch suitable for use where extended switch closure times are required.

Another specific object is to reduce the sensitivity of the tactile response switch parameters to manufacturing variations in the snap disc.

Still another object is to improve the quality of the electrical connection provided by the tactile response switch contacts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The foregoing objects and others are achieved in accordance with the invention by the use of a switch which has the combined characteristics of a snap disc or spring and a cantilever spring. The combined snap disc and cantilever characteristics give improved contact properties by providing such features as longer contact closure times and contact wiping action. The snap spring characteristics provide the desired tactile response feedback on switch operation. The snap spring and cantilever are combined in a unitary structure which is operable by a single switch button. The characteristics of the snap spring and the cantilever are tailored to obtain desired operating parameters, such as operating forces, which are essentially independent of switch button deflection. Independent sets of contacts which are operable by a single switch button can be added to the unitary structure and a desired sequence of closures for these independent sets of contacts can be prescribed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The invention will be more fully comprehended from the following detailed description and accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a multi-switch dial utilizing the principles of the invention;

F IG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the spring contact sheet along direction 22 of FIG. I from which the functioning of the multi-switch dial can be more readily understood;

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment of a spring contact sheet which can advantageously be utilized when completely independent switches or rows of switches are desired; and

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of switch apparatus utilizing the principles of the invention to obtain multiple independent switches each of which may have a plurality of independent sets of contacts which are operable by a single switch button.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring now to FIG. I there is shown a dial 10] such as might be used in a pushbutton telephone set. The dial comprises a contact board 2 having a plurality of contacts 4 thereon which are connected to electrical signals. Contact board 2 can comprise a standard printed circuit board and the connection of the electrical signals to contacts 4 can be made by techniques well known in the printed circuit art. A contact 4 can be separated into a plurality of smaller contacts 7 and 9 to achieve a multiple-make switch. Contact board 2 can also have a second series of contacts 5 which are connected to other electrical signals.

A spring contact sheet 6 is placed on top of board 2 and is electrically connected thereto along a center strip 8 which nonnally comprises a common or ground strip. Sheet 6 constitutes a single conductor or plane which normally comprises a common or ground plane. Sheet 6 has contacts 10, more clearly shown in FIG. 2, which are aligned with respective contacts 4 when sheet 6 is positioned on board 2. Thus, when corresponding contacts 4 and I0 are electrically connected an electrical path for the signals connected to contacts 4 is completed. Spring sheet 6 can advantageously be made from a material such as phosphor bronze or beryllium copper.

Sheet 6 has formed therein a plurality of discs or springs I2 which have characteristics similar to belleville washers or springs known in the art. When the height-to-thickness ratio of a disc 12 falls within the range from approximately 2 to 2\/ 2 the disc exhibits the snap action properties which have been utilized in the snap switches known in the prior art. This snap action provides a good tactile response. The presence of connecting arms 14, which join the individual discs I2 to the remainder of sheet 6, have no appreciable effect on this snap action. When contacts 5 are used on board 2, discs I2 also have contact areas 11 around the inner periphery thereof which are aligned with contacts 5. Thus, when contacts 5 and II are closed the signals connected to contacts 5 also have a completed circuit.

A top plate or housing 16 fastens spring sheet 6 to board 2 along center strip 8. Holes 20 on plate 16 are aligned with holes 22 on board 2 and standard hardware such as screw fasteners hold plate 16 and board 2 together and sandwich sheet 6 therebetween. Plane I6 contains a plurality of openings 18 which are aligned with discs 12 when plate l6, sheet 6 and board 2 are joined together. Operating plungers or buttons 24 are mounted in holes I8 for applying operating forces to discs I2 to close the contacts. Plate I6 and buttons 24 advantageously can be made of a suitable material such as cycolac.

As is shown more clearly in FIG. 2, sheet 6 has a bend 26 formed down the center thereof so that the

sides

28 and 30 do not normally lie flat between plate 16 and board 2 when the switch is assembled. Thus,

sides

28 and 30 can deflect as cantilevets which are mounted along center strip 8.

When a button 24 is pressed, a force is transmitted to side 28 (or side 30 depending upon the location of button 24) which tends to deflect side 28 as a cantilever while simultaneously tending to deflect and snap a respective disc 12. If side 28 is sufficiently deflected as a cantilever, contacts 10 will mate with contacts 4 on board 2. Likewise, if disc I2 is suffciently deflected it will snap through and contacts I I will mate with contacts 5. The snap through action also provides the needed tactile response feedback to switch operation.

The particular sequence in which contacts 4 and I0 and contacts 11 and 5 close depends upon the characteristics of cantilever side 28 and snap disc 12. i.e., spring constants,

thicknesses, height-to-thickness ratio, location of button 24 with respect to bend 26, and the separation of the mating pairs of contacts. Thus, any desired sequence of closures can be easily established by proper selection of the controlling factors. For example, contacts 4 and It! can be designed to close before, during, or after snap through of disc 12 and the resulting closure of contacts 5 and 11. When extended closure times for specified circuits are needed, such as in the generation of telephone dialing signals, they can be obtained by connecting such circuits to contacts 4 and and having these contacts close after only a very small force is applied to button 24. These contacts 4 and ill will then remain closed during snap through and recovery of disc 12 to provide the required extended closure times. Circuits requiring shorter closure times can be connected to contacts 5 and 11. The snap through action provides the tactile response feedback that all contact closures have been made.

The contacts on the cantilever normally provide a better quality electrical connection than do the contacts on snap disc because of the wiping action inherent in the cantilever contacts and the increased contact area which can be provided. Thus, these cantilever contacts can be used for the more critical electrical circuits.

When both a cantilever and a snap disc are utilized, as in this invention, the heretofore difficult job of tailoring the snap disc to particular switch applications is made considerably easier. When the combination is used a nominal design of the snap disc for many applications can be selected and the switch parameters desired for the specific applications can be obtained by varying the characteristics of the cantilever since the switch parameters are less sensitive to changes in cantilever characteristics than to changes in the snap disc characteristics.

The dial of FIG. 1 utilizes a unitary spring sheet 6 having two rows of snap disc 12 in the longitudinal direction. Such a design provides significant manufacturing economy when such a switch arrangement can be utilized. FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of an alternative design for a spring sheet which advantageously can be utilized when completely independent contacts or independent rows of contacts are desired. Spring members 36 are mounted in slots 34 in a holder 32 by means of standard hardware 44 such as screws or rivets. Holder 32 can comprise a plastic holder such as polyethylene. Spring members 36 can comprise individual thin cantilever strips having only one snap disc 38, or alternatively, members 36 can comprise a cantilever spring sheet having a row of discs 38, i.e., a structure similar to one-half of the spring sheet 6 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Individual cantilever strips are advantageous where complete independence between all switches of a dial is desired, whereas the single row cantilever sheet can be utilized where some relation between switches of a particular row is desired but the switches of that row are to be completely independent of switches in other rows. Spring member 36 has a bend 42 adjacent holder 32 which imparts the proper configuration for effective cantilever action. Member 36 has contacts 40 which are the same as or similar to contacts 10 on sheet 6. Snap disc 38 also has contacts 46 around its periphery and operates in the same manner to provide a tactile feedback at snap through as do discs 12. Thus, the design of FIG. 3 can be connected in a dial switch as shown in FIG. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 shows an alternative design for obtaining a plurality of independent contacts controlled by a single button. This design utilizes a multilayer structure having more than one layer of spring members. A holder 48 has mounted therein a spring member 49 having a snap disc 50 with associated

contacts

56, 58, and 60. Button 52 mounted on disc 50 deflects spring member 49 and snaps disc 50 as previously described to close

contacts

56, 58, and 60 with

mating contacts

57, 59, and 61, respectively.

Button 52 has a pin 64 projecting through hole 54 of disc 50 and through plate 63 which is connected to a second plunger or button 66. Button 66 deflects a second spring member 68 to close

other contacts

70 and 72 in the same manner as previously described when button 52 causes disc 50 to snap through.

While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof it is to be understood that various modifications thereto might be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. For example, the contacts have been shown as normally open with closure effected by deflection of the cantilever and snap through of the snap disc. The contacts could as readily be normally closed contacts which are opened by cantilever deflection and disc snap through. In either case, the design is based upon the principles that more desirable contact properties and less sensitivity to manufacturing variations can be obtained by the use of a cantilever structure whereas the tactile response feedback required from a human factors standpoint can be obtained by the use of a snap disc.

What is claimed is:

l. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination:

a strip of conductive spring material having thereon a plu rality of snap discs and contacts, said strip having a bend therein in its longitudinal direction so that said strip forms a curved surface;

a terminal board having thereon a plurality of contacts matching said contacts on said strip;

means for mounting said strip to said board along said bend so that said bend is held in fixed relation to said board and the portions of said strip on each side of said bend form cantilevers supported at said bend which can deflect toward said board; and

deflecting means comprising a plurality of buttons mounted on said snap discs for deflecting said portions of said strip toward said board and snapping said discs to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said closure.

2. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination:

a strip of conductive material having thereon a plurality of snap discs and contacts;

means for mounting said strip with respect to said board comprising a holder for attaching one edge of said strip in fixed relation to said board so that the remainder of said strip can deflect as a cantilever about said one edge toward said board; and

deflecting means comprising a plurality of buttons mounted on said snap discs for deflecting said remainder of said strip toward said board and snapping said discs to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said closure.

3. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination:

a strip of conductive spring material having thereon a snap disc and a contact;

a terminal board having thereon a contact matching said contact on said strip;

means for mounting said strip with respect to said board comprising a holder for receiving one end of said strip and attaching said one end in fixed relation to said board so that the remainder of said strip can deflect as a cantilever about said one end toward said board; and

deflecting means comprising a button mounted on said snap disc for deflecting said remainder of said strip toward said board and snapping said disc to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said closure.

4. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination:

a strip of conductive spring material having thereon at least one snap disc and at least one contact;

a terminal board having at least one contact thereon matching said one contact on said strip;

means including a cover plate for mounting said strip to said board between said plate and said board, said plate holding a portion of said strip in fixed relation to said board, said plate being spaced from said board so that the remainder of said strip can move therebetween and can deflect as a cantilever toward said board; and

means for deflecting said remainder of said strip toward said board and snapping said disc to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said clo- 5 sure, said plate including an opening in which said deflecting means is slideably mounted.

Claims

1. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination: a strip of conductive spring material having thereon a plurality of snap discs and contacts, said strip having a bend therein in its longitudinal direction so that said strip forms a curved surface; a terminal board having thereon a plurality of contacts matching said contacts on said strip; means for mounting said strip to said board along said bend so that said bend is held in fixed relation to said board and the portions of said strip on each side of said bend form cantilevers supported at said bend which can deflect toward said board; and deflecting means comprising a plurality of buttons mounted on said snap discs for deflecting said portions of said strip toward said board and snapping said discs to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said closure.

2. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination: a strip of conductive material having thereon a plurality of snap discs and contacts; a terminal board having thereon a plurality of contacts matching said contacts on said strip; means for mounting said strip with respect to said board comprising a holder for attaching one edge of said strip in fixed relation to said board so that the remainder of said strip can deflect as a cantilever about said one edge toward said board; and deflecting means comprising a plurality of buttons mounted on said snap discs for deflecting said remainder of said strip toward said board and snapping said discs to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said closure.

3. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination: a strip of conductive spring material having thereoN a snap disc and a contact; a terminal board having thereon a contact matching said contact on said strip; means for mounting said strip with respect to said board comprising a holder for receiving one end of said strip and attaching said one end in fixed relation to said board so that the remainder of said strip can deflect as a cantilever about said one end toward said board; and deflecting means comprising a button mounted on said snap disc for deflecting said remainder of said strip toward said board and snapping said disc to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said closure.

4. A tactile response switch comprising, in combination: a strip of conductive spring material having thereon at least one snap disc and at least one contact; a terminal board having at least one contact thereon matching said one contact on said strip; means including a cover plate for mounting said strip to said board between said plate and said board, said plate holding a portion of said strip in fixed relation to said board, said plate being spaced from said board so that the remainder of said strip can move therebetween and can deflect as a cantilever toward said board; and means for deflecting said remainder of said strip toward said board and snapping said disc to effect closure of said contacts and provide a tactile response feedback of said closure, said plate including an opening in which said deflecting means is slideably mounted.