US3729920A - Novelty textile yarns - Google Patents

Novelty textile yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3729920A
US3729920A US00017315A US3729920DA US3729920A US 3729920 A US3729920 A US 3729920A US 00017315 A US00017315 A US 00017315A US 3729920D A US3729920D A US 3729920DA US 3729920 A US3729920 A US 3729920A
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United States
Prior art keywords
core
flame
novelty
yarn
sheath
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00017315A
Inventor
L Sayers
J Barnes
N Jackson
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Akzo Nobel UK PLC
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Courtaulds PLC
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D02G3/18—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like
    • D02G3/182—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure
    • D02G3/185—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure in the core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
    • D10B2101/06—Glass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D10B2321/041—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
    • Y10S57/904—Flame retardant

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A novelty core yarn comprising a continuous filamentary glass core, preferably texturized, provided with a sheath consisting of a roving of textile fibers having flame-resistant properties.
  • the sheath may consist of a roving of modacrylic textile fibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composed of a copolymer of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride or both.
  • This invention relates to novelty textile yarns and to fabrics made from such yarns.
  • An important object of the present invention is a novelty type yam having improved flame-resistance properties and giving woven and knitted fabrics which are both flame-resistant and dimensionally stable.
  • Core yarns are already known in which a core yarn, for example a spandex type yarn (see for example US. Pat. No. 3,017,740) or a conventional continuous filament yarn such as a polyester yarn, is provided with a sheath in the form of a fiber roving, for example of viscose rayon staple fiber or cotton.
  • the present invention is directed to novelty yarns of this known core type.
  • a novelty core yarn comprises a continuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath consisting of a roving of textile fibers having flame-resistant properties.
  • a fiber is defined as being flame-resistant when, in the form of a woven or knitted fabric composed entirely of the fiber, it satisfies the requirements of Clause 3 of British Standard 3120:1959 when tested according to British Standard 3119:1959, or, when tested by the AATCC Test Method 33-1962, is classified as Class 1(a) as defined in paragraph 9.1.1. thereof.
  • the flame-resistant fiber may be one having an inherent, built-in flame resistance, for example modacrylic fibers such as those based on copolymers of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride and/or vinyl chloride.
  • modacrylic fibers such as those based on copolymers of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride and/or vinyl chloride.
  • fibers are those based on acetone-soluble copolymers containing from about 45-55 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and from about 55 to 45 parts by weight of vinylidene chloride, and those containing from about 55 to 75 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and from about 45 to parts by weight of vinyl chloride.
  • the fiber may be a stan dard form of textile fiber, such as a viscose rayon or cellulose acetate fiber, containing a flame-proofing agent such as tri-chlorethyl phosphate or a tris-dibromopropyl phosphate, for example tris- 2:3 dibromopropyl phosphate.
  • a flame-proofing agent such as tri-chlorethyl phosphate or a tris-dibromopropyl phosphate, for example tris- 2:3 dibromopropyl phosphate. Examples of such fibers are described in British Patent Specifications Nos. 958,120 and 1,158,231.
  • the glass filament core may be a yarn consisting of a bundle of substantially parallel continuous glass filaments but preferably the core consists of a bundle of filaments which have been texturized for example by passage through an air jet as described in US. Pat. No. 2,783,609.
  • the use of a textured glass filament core gives improved cohesion between the core and the sheath roving.
  • the glass fibers in the core yarn are preferably of low filament denier, that is to say less than I denier, although other glass fibers may be used.
  • the glass fiber may be the commercially-available beta glass fibers of A denier.
  • the core yarns of the present invention using flameresistant fiber rovings are particularly suitable for making dimensionally-stable fabrics for use in making non inflammable garments, for example overalls, firefighting apparel and safety apparel for use by foundry workers, welders, chemical and refinery workers, explosive industry workers, racing drivers and air-line workers.
  • the particular combination of core and sheath in the yarn ensures that the fabric has very good protection from flame, radiant heat and molten metal, and also chemicals, while at the same time preserving good textile properties of drape and flexibility.
  • neither component ignites and the glass core does not shrink from the flame; hence the glass core always provides a protective noninflammable framework.
  • the advantage of having a f textile sheath on the core is that it protects the glass from abrasion and provides bulk, cover and other aesthetic properties such as fabric handle which a fabric composed of glass filaments only would not possess. .It also enables the core yarn and fabrics made from them to be dyed easily to any shade. The fabrics can also be readily laundered and dry cleaned.
  • EXAMPLE 1 The yarn used as the core was a 300 denier continuous filament beta glass yarn (individual filament denier which had been texturized in an air jet as described in US. Pat. No. 2,783,609.
  • the sheath roving consisted of two ends of 2 hank, 2 denier 6 cm. staple fiber composed of a copolymer of approximately equal parts by weight of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride.
  • the sheath roving was spun on a ring frame with the glass core introduced at the front rollers of the apron drafting system.
  • the composite yarn was twisted to give a yarn with a final count of I/l0s cotton count.
  • the core yarn obtained was woven using the yarn folded for warp and weft in both plain and twill weaves with approximately 17 ends per centimeter and 14 picks per centimeter.
  • the fabric net-work remained intact and the flame did not penetrate the fabric.
  • the molten metal was dropped on to the fabric, the molten metal did not penetrate.
  • the fabric had excellent stability to washing.
  • EXAMPLE 2 The fabric was a plain woven fabric consisting of a warp of 2/ l0s cotton count core-spun textured beta glass 300 denier core with a sheath roving as described in Example 1, and a l/l0s cotton count weft spun in the same manner as described in Example 1; the fabric had 17 ends per cm. and 16 picks per cm.
  • the fabric obtained has been successfully used for racing drivers 5 non-inflammable overalls.
  • EXAMPLE 3 The fabric in this case was made as described in 2 2 but, instead of using a doubled warp, a single l0s cotton count was usedas the warp. The fabric so produced was more flexible and lighter in weight than that of Example 2 but had similar non-inflammable properties.
  • a novelty core yarn consisting essentially of a continuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath of a roving of modacrylic textile fibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composed of a copolymer selected from the group consisting of (a) acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride, (b) acrylonitrile and vinyl 3 4 chloride and (c) acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride a roving of fibers composed of an acetone-soluble and vinyl chloride. copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride.
  • 31A novelty core yarn consisting essentially of a con- 5 tinuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath of

Abstract

A novelty core yarn comprising a continuous filamentary glass core, preferably texturized, provided with a sheath consisting of a roving of textile fibers having flame-resistant properties. The sheath may consist of a roving of modacrylic textile fibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composed of a copolymer of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride or both.

Description

United States Patent 1 Sayers et al.
[ 1 NOVELTY TEXTILE YARNS [75] Inventors: Leslie W. Sayers, Macclesficld;
21 Appl. No.: 17,315
[52] US. Cl ..'.....57/144, 57/140 G [51] Int. Cl. ..D02g 3/02, D02g 3/38 [58] Field of Search ..57/140 G, 139, 157, 57/160, 144; 28/] V [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,230,271 2/1941 Simpson ..57/140 2,769,300 11/1956 Luttge ..57/144 X 3,410,077 11/1968 Murzocchi et a1. ..57/l40 UX [451 May 1, 1973 2,217,049 10/1940 Greenleaf ..57/140 UX 2,424,743 7/1947 Davis ..57/140 UX 2,951,277 9/1960 Youngs ..57/140 UX 3,350,872 11/1967 Abdel-Moniem ..57/157 3,395,527 8/1968 Longley ...57/144 X 3,491,527 1/1970 Irwin et a1. ..57/14O 2,262,861 4/1941 Rugeley et al. .....57/14O G UX 2,313,058 3/1943 Francis l ..57/140 G UX 2,475,083 7/1949 Davis ..57/140 G UX 2,603,620 7/1952 Walter et a1. ..28/] V UX Primary Examiner-Donald E. Watkins Attorney-Davis, Hoxie, Faithful]. & Hapgood [5 7] ABSTRACT A novelty core yarn comprising a continuous filamentary glass core, preferably texturized, provided with a sheath consisting of a roving of textile fibers having flame-resistant properties. The sheath may consist of a roving of modacrylic textile fibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composed of a copolymer of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride or both.
4 Claims, No Drawings This invention relates to novelty textile yarns and to fabrics made from such yarns. An important object of the present invention is a novelty type yam having improved flame-resistance properties and giving woven and knitted fabrics which are both flame-resistant and dimensionally stable.
Core yarns are already known in which a core yarn, for example a spandex type yarn (see for example US. Pat. No. 3,017,740) or a conventional continuous filament yarn such as a polyester yarn, is provided with a sheath in the form of a fiber roving, for example of viscose rayon staple fiber or cotton. The present invention is directed to novelty yarns of this known core type.
In accordance with this invention a novelty core yarn comprises a continuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath consisting of a roving of textile fibers having flame-resistant properties.
For the purposes of the present invention, a fiber is defined as being flame-resistant when, in the form of a woven or knitted fabric composed entirely of the fiber, it satisfies the requirements of Clause 3 of British Standard 3120:1959 when tested according to British Standard 3119:1959, or, when tested by the AATCC Test Method 33-1962, is classified as Class 1(a) as defined in paragraph 9.1.1. thereof.
The flame-resistant fiber may be one having an inherent, built-in flame resistance, for example modacrylic fibers such as those based on copolymers of acrylonitrile with vinylidene chloride and/or vinyl chloride. Examples of such fibers are those based on acetone-soluble copolymers containing from about 45-55 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and from about 55 to 45 parts by weight of vinylidene chloride, and those containing from about 55 to 75 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and from about 45 to parts by weight of vinyl chloride. Alternatively, the fiber may be a stan dard form of textile fiber, such as a viscose rayon or cellulose acetate fiber, containing a flame-proofing agent such as tri-chlorethyl phosphate or a tris-dibromopropyl phosphate, for example tris- 2:3 dibromopropyl phosphate. Examples of such fibers are described in British Patent Specifications Nos. 958,120 and 1,158,231.
The glass filament core may be a yarn consisting ofa bundle of substantially parallel continuous glass filaments but preferably the core consists of a bundle of filaments which have been texturized for example by passage through an air jet as described in US. Pat. No. 2,783,609. The use of a textured glass filament core gives improved cohesion between the core and the sheath roving. The glass fibers in the core yarn are preferably of low filament denier, that is to say less than I denier, although other glass fibers may be used. The glass fiber may be the commercially-available beta glass fibers of A denier.
The core yarns of the present invention using flameresistant fiber rovings are particularly suitable for making dimensionally-stable fabrics for use in making non inflammable garments, for example overalls, firefighting apparel and safety apparel for use by foundry workers, welders, chemical and refinery workers, explosive industry workers, racing drivers and air-line workers. The particular combination of core and sheath in the yarn ensures that the fabric has very good protection from flame, radiant heat and molten metal, and also chemicals, while at the same time preserving good textile properties of drape and flexibility. When flame is applied to such a fabric, neither component ignites and the glass core does not shrink from the flame; hence the glass core always provides a protective noninflammable framework. The advantage of having a f textile sheath on the core is that it protects the glass from abrasion and provides bulk, cover and other aesthetic properties such as fabric handle which a fabric composed of glass filaments only would not possess. .It also enables the core yarn and fabrics made from them to be dyed easily to any shade. The fabrics can also be readily laundered and dry cleaned.
. The invention is illustrated by the following Examples:
EXAMPLE 1 The yarn used as the core was a 300 denier continuous filament beta glass yarn (individual filament denier which had been texturized in an air jet as described in US. Pat. No. 2,783,609.
The sheath roving consisted of two ends of 2 hank, 2 denier 6 cm. staple fiber composed of a copolymer of approximately equal parts by weight of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride.
The sheath roving was spun on a ring frame with the glass core introduced at the front rollers of the apron drafting system. The composite yarn was twisted to give a yarn with a final count of I/l0s cotton count.
The core yarn obtained was woven using the yarn folded for warp and weft in both plain and twill weaves with approximately 17 ends per centimeter and 14 picks per centimeter. When a flame was applied to the fabrics, the fabric net-work remained intact and the flame did not penetrate the fabric. Similarly, when molten metal was dropped on to the fabric, the molten metal did not penetrate. The fabric had excellent stability to washing.
EXAMPLE 2 The fabric was a plain woven fabric consisting of a warp of 2/ l0s cotton count core-spun textured beta glass 300 denier core with a sheath roving as described in Example 1, and a l/l0s cotton count weft spun in the same manner as described in Example 1; the fabric had 17 ends per cm. and 16 picks per cm.
The fabric obtained has been successfully used for racing drivers 5 non-inflammable overalls.
EXAMPLE 3 The fabric in this case was made as described in 2 2 but, instead of using a doubled warp, a single l0s cotton count was usedas the warp. The fabric so produced was more flexible and lighter in weight than that of Example 2 but had similar non-inflammable properties.
What is claimed is:
1. A novelty core yarn consisting essentially of a continuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath of a roving of modacrylic textile fibers having inherent, built-in flame-resistance and composed of a copolymer selected from the group consisting of (a) acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride, (b) acrylonitrile and vinyl 3 4 chloride and (c) acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride a roving of fibers composed of an acetone-soluble and vinyl chloride. copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride.
A core yam as Claimed in Claim wherein the 4. A core yarn as claimed in claim3wherein the core yam conslsts of textunzefl glass filaments yarn consists of texturized glass filaments.
31A novelty core yarn consisting essentially of a con- 5 tinuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath of

Claims (3)

  1. 2. A core yarn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core yarn consists of texturized glass filaments.
  2. 3. A novelty core yarn consisting essentially of a continuous filamentary glass core provided with a sheath of a roving of fibers composed of an acetone-soluble copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinylidene chloride.
  3. 4. A core yarn as claimed in claim 3 wherein the core yarn consists of texturized glass filaments.
US00017315A 1969-03-11 1970-03-06 Novelty textile yarns Expired - Lifetime US3729920A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB02625/69A GB1292055A (en) 1969-03-11 1969-03-11 Novelty textile yarns
US1731570A 1970-03-06 1970-03-06

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DE (1) DE2011309A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2037944A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1292055A (en)
NL (1) NL7003303A (en)

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FR2497239A1 (en) * 1980-12-31 1982-07-02 Valeo YARNS AND OTHER GLASS FIBER PRODUCTS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US4381639A (en) * 1980-06-19 1983-05-03 Record Industrial Company Sheath-core yarn for severe thermal protecting fabrics and method therefor
WO1983003434A1 (en) * 1982-03-31 1983-10-13 Barnes, Alan Flame resistant yarns and fabrics, and furnishings incorporating such fabrics
US4430851A (en) * 1982-01-29 1984-02-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Twisted ceramic fiber sewing thread
US4500593A (en) * 1980-12-01 1985-02-19 Weber John W Protective fabric and fire curtain with a metallic laminate
US4541231A (en) * 1983-08-26 1985-09-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Process for reinforced yarn with glass fiber core
US4921756A (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-05-01 Springs Industries, Inc. Fire resistant balanced fine corespun yarn and fabric formed thereof
US4927698A (en) * 1989-03-15 1990-05-22 Springs Industries, Inc. Pucker and shrink resistant flame retardant fabric formed of corespun yarns
US4987026A (en) * 1988-08-31 1991-01-22 Uniroyal Plastics Co., Inc. Flame retardant fabric structure
US4996099A (en) * 1989-10-27 1991-02-26 Springs Industries, Inc. Fire-resistant fabric
US5141542A (en) * 1986-06-04 1992-08-25 Filature De La Gosse S.A. Fire resistant textile yarn and use thereof
US5506043A (en) * 1989-08-18 1996-04-09 Norfab Corporation Thermal protective fabric and core-spun heat resistant yarn for making the same, said yarns consisting essentially of a fiberglass core and a cover of modacrylic fibers and at least one other flame retardant fiber
US5514457A (en) * 1991-06-21 1996-05-07 Akzo N.V. Textile structure for protective clothing
US5701730A (en) * 1991-03-14 1997-12-30 Tba Industrial Products Limited Incandescent mantles
US6146759A (en) * 1999-09-28 2000-11-14 Land Fabric Corporation Fire resistant corespun yarn and fabric comprising same
WO2002025006A1 (en) * 2000-09-22 2002-03-28 Land Fabric Corporation Method of dyeing a corespun yarn and dyed corespun yarn
US6410140B1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2002-06-25 Basf Corporation Fire resistant corespun yarn and fabric comprising same
US20020168908A1 (en) * 2001-05-09 2002-11-14 Gibson Richard M. Flame-resistant and high visibility fabric and apparel formed therefrom
US6532724B2 (en) * 2000-05-15 2003-03-18 Gilbert Patrick Cut-resistant yarn and method of manufacture
US20030203688A1 (en) * 2001-05-09 2003-10-30 Campbell Willis D. Flame-resistant and high visibility fabric and apparel formed therefrom
US6701703B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2004-03-09 Gilbert Patrick High performance yarns and method of manufacture
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US8707668B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2014-04-29 Samson Rope Technologies Wrapped yarns for use in ropes having predetermined surface characteristics
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US9003757B2 (en) 2012-09-12 2015-04-14 Samson Rope Technologies Rope systems and methods for use as a round sling
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US10377607B2 (en) 2016-04-30 2019-08-13 Samson Rope Technologies Rope systems and methods for use as a round sling
US10385481B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-08-20 International Textile Group, Inc. Inner lining fabric with moisture management properties
USD934574S1 (en) 2016-10-24 2021-11-02 International Textile Group, Inc. Flame resistant fabric
US11873587B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-01-16 Southern Mills, Inc. Flame resistant fabrics
USD1011768S1 (en) 2020-04-27 2024-01-23 Southern Mills, Inc. Fabric
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DE2011309A1 (en) 1970-12-17
GB1292055A (en) 1972-10-11
FR2037944A5 (en) 1970-12-31
NL7003303A (en) 1970-09-15
BE747214A (en) 1970-08-17

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