US3790079A - Method and apparatus for generating monodisperse aerosol - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for generating monodisperse aerosol Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3790079A
US3790079A US00259374A US3790079DA US3790079A US 3790079 A US3790079 A US 3790079A US 00259374 A US00259374 A US 00259374A US 3790079D A US3790079D A US 3790079DA US 3790079 A US3790079 A US 3790079A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
orifice
droplets
liquid
generator
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00259374A
Inventor
R Berglund
B Liu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RNB ASS Inc
Original Assignee
RNB ASS Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RNB ASS Inc filed Critical RNB ASS Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3790079A publication Critical patent/US3790079A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A vibrating orifice monodisperse aerosol generator usable as a basic aerosol standard having a liquid feed system, 'a droplet generator, a droplet dispersion system and an aerosol flow system.
  • the liquid feed system is a syringe pump operable to feed liquid into the droplet generator.
  • the liquid is discharged from the droplet generator through a small orifice as a liquid jet.
  • the jet disturbed. at a constant frequency with an oscillating piezoelectric ceramic breaks up into uniform droplets.
  • the droplets are dispersed by a turbulent air jet and diluted into a monodispersed aerosol.
  • the aerosol standard must be sufficiently flexible to permit aerosols to be generated from a variety of solid and liquid materials having desired physical properties.
  • the spinning-disc generator while flexible in terms of the aerosol material, can produce aerosols with geometrical standard deviations of not better than 1.07 or a standard deviation of approximately 7 percent of the mean particle size.
  • the spinning-disc generator is also a relatively complex piece of apparatus.
  • the atomizer- -impactor generator can only produce a moderately monodisperse aerosol with a geometrical standard deviation of not better than 1.40.
  • the polystyrene latex generator can produce aerosols from only one material and only of the discrete sizes provided by the polystyrene latex manufacturer. This generator also produces residue particles which are undesirable for'many applications.
  • Vibrating orifice aerosol generators are based on the principle of the breakup of'a liquid jet. It is known that cylindrical liquid jets are unstable to rotationally symmetric disturbances. These disturbances will grow until the jet breaks.
  • the known droplet generators are not usable as a basic aerosol standard in their present state of development as they need a droplet dispersion system in an aerosol flow system of a well defined geometry to provide stable operation.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION means is an apparatus for generatingliquid droplets.
  • the apparatus has a discharge orifice generally aligned with the outlet opening the housing and spaced from the opening.
  • the housing means includes means providing a chamber between the apparatus and the outlet opening.
  • the liquid is supplied under pressure to the apparatus to generate droplets.
  • the apparatus has means subjected to a vibratory force which breaks the liquid jet into substantially equal size droplets which are discharged into the chamber. Air under pressure is supplied to the chamber, whereby the droplets emanating from the apparatus are dispersed into the air and discharged with the air through the outlet opening.
  • dispersed aerosol then enters the aerosol flow system which acts to dilute'and transport the aerosol.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the aerosol generator flow system of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the aerosol generator of FIG. 1 located in the flow system;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the aerosol generator taken along line .3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the droplet generator forming part of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 the flow system for the aerosol generator of the' invention, indicated generally at 10.
  • System 10 includes an aerosol generating assembly, indicated generally at 11, containing the aerosol generator 12 for generating droplets and dispersing the droplets in carrier air in the form of a monodispersed aerosol.
  • aerosol generator 12 is mounted on a support or porous plate 13 located over an opening in a housing 14.
  • the outer peripheral edge portion of the plate 13 rests on and is attached to the top of housing 14.
  • the housing 14 surrounds an absolute filter 16 through which the air passes prior to its flow through the porous plate 13.
  • Positioned on top of plate 13 is an elongated tube or cylinder 17 having an elongated chamber 18.
  • the upper end of the cylinder is tapered or cone-shaped and has an outlet opening 19, providing an outlet passage for the discharge of monodispersed aerosol, indicated by arrow 21.
  • a plurality of fasteners 22, as bolts, extend through suitable holes in an outwardly directed flange 17A on the tubular member 17 and aligned holes in plate 13 to secure the tube 17 and plate 13 to the top of housing 14.
  • Air is supplied to the bottom of housing 14 with a blower 23 having an electric motor (not shown) controlled with a variable transformer 24. Air can also be obtained from'a compressor having appropriate pressure regulators.
  • the outlet of blower 23 is connected to a line or tube 26 leading to the bottom of housing 14.
  • a control valve 27 interposed in line 26 regulates the flow of air into housing 14.
  • a differential pressure gauge 28 is connected in line 26 before valve 27 and an outlet portion of blower 23 to provide means for determining the pressure of the air being supplied to the housing 14.
  • the liquid feed system for the aerosol generator 12 has an infusion pump orsyringe 29 which forces the liquid under pressurethrough a membrane filter 32 interposed in a line 31 connecting the pump 29 to the aerosol generator 12.
  • Other types of pumps can be used to provide the generator 12 with a substantially constant supply of liquid under pressure.
  • Aerosol generator 12 has a droplet generator or apparatus operable to form liquid droplets, indicated generally at 33 in FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the air supply system for the generator 33 is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1.
  • Droplet generator 33 is connected to a high pressure air line 34 providing a supply of air to a pressure regulator 36 and an absolute filter 37. The air flows from filter 37 through a rotameter 38 into a feed line 39 connected to the aerosol generator 12.
  • the droplet generator 33 is subjected to a vibratory force generated with a signal generator 41 coupled via line or conductor 76 to a vibrating portion of the droplet generator 33, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the aerosol generator 12 has a housing comprising a generally cup-shaped base 42 mounted on the center portion of plate 13.
  • Base 42 has an upwardly directed cylindrical side wall 44 surrounding a chamber 46.
  • the top of base 42 is closed wih an inverted, cup-shaped housing member 47 having a generally flat top wall or metal plate 48.
  • the center portion of top wall 48 has an outlet hole or outlet opening 49 located along the axial or longitudinal center line of the chamber located along the axial or longitudinal center line of the chambr r 18.
  • Member 47 has a cylindrical side wall 51 of electrical nonconductive material telescoped over the side wall 44. Fasteners 52, as bolts, secure the walls 44 and 51 together.
  • An annular seal 53 is interposed between walls 44 and 51.
  • the top wall 48 is spaced from and located above the top of the droplet generator 33 forming therewith a space or chamber 54.
  • An annular stop washer 55 secured to the inside of side wall 51 rests on top of the side wall 44.
  • Secured to side wall 51 is an inlet nipple 56 connecting the air line 39 to the generator 12 so that air indicated by arrow 57 is introduced into the chamber 54 and mixed with the droplets emanating from the generator 33.
  • the air is introduced into the side of chamber 54 and is in a turbulent state as it mixes with the droplets.
  • the air and droplet mixture in chamber 54 is discharged through opening 49 into the chamber,18 and is dispersed in a conical pattern, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the dispersed aerosol is carried with the clean air flowing through porous plate 13 in the chamber 18 toward the outlet opening 19.
  • This clean air functions to dilute and transport the aerosol.
  • the clean air also evaporates the solvent.
  • the monodispersed aerosol 21 is discharged through the opening 19 at the top of the tube 17.
  • a DC voltage can be applied to the metal plate 48 to induce a charge on the generated droplets.
  • droplet generator 33 is located in chamber 46 of the base'42.
  • the O-ring is in frictional engagement with an annular outer portion of the generator.
  • the outer peripheral portion of O-ring 59 is located in an annular groove 60 in the top of the inside face of side wall 44.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 there is shown droplet generator 33 operable to produce monodispersed liquid droplets.
  • Generator 33 has a housing having a secnd member including generally flat top plate 61.
  • a center portion of plate 61 has a hole or outlet opening 62.
  • Extended downwardly from the bottom side of plate 61 is a cylindrical side wall 63.
  • the plate 61 and side wall 63 form an inverted, generally cup-shaped housing member having an outwardly directed top flange or lip 61A.
  • the inner face of side wall 63 is threaded to accommodate a threaded plug or.cap 64 forming a first housing member.
  • Plug 64 has a longitudinal passageway 66.
  • Line 31 is connected to the plug 64 to provide the inlet port or opening of passageway 66 with fluid under pressure from the infusion pump 29.
  • the inside wall of plate 61 has a circular recess 67 accommodating a removable disc or plate member 68.
  • the center portion of disc 68 has a small discharge orifice or opening 69.
  • the disc 68 is held in recess 67 with an annular resilient member or an O-ring 71.
  • a compressive force is applied to the O-ring 71 by turning plug 64 into the side wall 63.
  • the top face of plug 64 engages O-ring 71 and holds'it in a compressive state against disc 68.
  • the O-ring 71 surrounds a chamber7 2 located at the upper end of passageway 66 adjacent the disc 68.
  • the orifice 69 is in general axial or longitudinal alignment with passageway 66 and outlet opening 49.
  • annular means 73 surrounds the side wall 63 and is operable to vibrate the generator 33 at a frequency that breaks the liquid jet into substantially equal sized droplets 77.
  • Annular means 73 is an annular member or ring of piezoelectric ceramic secured to the underside of flange 61A with an epoxy 74, or similar fastening means.
  • Signal generator 41 is electrically coupled to flange 61A and annular means 73 with a line or conductor 76.
  • Epoxy 74 is an electrically conductive fastening adhesive. Other suitable attaching or bonding means can be used to couple the vibrating means to the flange 61A.
  • the inside surface of vibrating means 63 is spaced, indicated at 78, from the outside surface of side wall 63, whereby all the vibratory forces are applied to the plate 61.
  • liquid is supplied to generator 33 via the line 31 on operation of pump 29.
  • the liquid flows through passageway 66 into the chamber 72.
  • the liquid is discharged as a jet 75 through the orifice 69 which directs the liquid through hole 62.
  • the signal generator 41 provides a constant frequency AC voltage to the piezoelectric ceramic 73. This AC voltage vibrates the cup-shaped housing structure 61-63 and disturbs the liquid jet 75.
  • Liquid jet 75 breaks up into equal size droplets 77 at the frequency of the AC voltage.
  • the droplets 77 enter the chamber 54.
  • Air 57 enters the chamber 54 in a turbulent state, thereby dispersing the droplets 77.
  • the dispersed droplets and air are discharged into chamber 18 through opening 49 in a conical pattern, indicated at 58 in FIG. 2.
  • the dispersed aerosol is diluted by themoving clean air in chamber 18 and transported to the outlet opening 19.
  • the clean air flows from housing 14 through porous plate 13 in a generally linear configuration whereby the dispersed aerosol is carried generally linearly in the center or core section of chamber 18.
  • the droplet generator 33 functions to discharge a liquid jet 75 through orifice 69. This jet is disturbed with a vibratory force to break the jet into substantially uniform droplets 7 7.
  • the liquid jet 75 is disturbed at a frequency established with an AC voltage on a member, as piezoelectric ceramic ring 73, which will vibrate when subjected to an AC voltage.
  • the droplets 77 are directed into a mixing or dispersion chamber 54 in a direction in general alignment with the outlet opening 49 for the chamber. During the time the droplets are in the chamber 54, they are subject to a flow of turbulent air 57. Both the turbulent air and the dispersed droplets are discharged from chamber 54 through outlet opening 49 into chamber 18 which forms a passage to the outlet opening 19. A stream of cleanair in chamber 18 dilutes the aerosol and carries the dispersed aerosol to the outlet opening 19.
  • the aerosol generator 12 produces particles that do not have to be measured.
  • the aerosol diameter can be calculated from the liquid flow rate, the disturbance frequency, and non-volatile solute concentration within 0.1 percent error by the'following formula:
  • the particles are substantially uniform in that no size difference can be detected between them by using an optical microscope.
  • An aerosol generator comprising: housing means having'at least one outlet hole, an apparatus for generating liquid droplets mounted on said housing means, said apparatus having a discharge orifice generally axially aligned with said hole and spaced from said hole, said housing means including means providing a chamber between the apparatus and the outlet hole, means for supplying the apparatus with liquid under pressure whereby the apparatus generates droplets, and means operable to provide air under pressure into the chamber whereby droplets emanating from the apparatus into the chamberare dispersed into the air and discharged with the air from the chamber through the out let hole.
  • the apparatus for genereating liquid droplets includes means operable to vibrate the apparatus at a frequency whereby substantially equal size droplets are produced.
  • said means to vibrate the apparatus is an annular means of piezoelectric material.
  • the generator of claim ll including: means to apply a constant frequency AC voltage to said apparatus to vibrate the apparatus whereby the jet of liquid moving from the orifice breaks into substantially equal size droplets related to the frequency of the AC voltage.
  • said apparatus for generating liquid droplets includes housing means having a first member with a first passage and a second member having anoutlet opening attached to the first member, and means having an orifice located between the first member and the second member.
  • the generator of claim 5 including: an annular member engageable with said first member and said means having an orifice to position said means having an orifice on said housing means.
  • the generator of claim 1 in combination with: a porous support means, tube means having a chamber extended from said support means for receiving aerosol from the generator, said generator being mounted on said porous support means within said tube means with the outlet hole positioned to direct aerosol into the chamber of the tube means, and means to supply air to said porous support means whereby said air transports the dispersed droplets in the chamber of the tube means.
  • the aerosol generator of claim 8 wherein: said generator is located generally along the longitudinal axis of the tube means and on the support means so that a substantially uniform cylindrical core of air surrounds the generator and aerosol discharged therefrom.
  • the housing means has a side wall surrounding a chamber, said apparatus for generating liquid droplets being located in said chamber, and resilient means mounting said apparatus on said side wall.
  • the resilient means is an annular O-ring surrounding and engaging the apparatus and side wall.
  • An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate droplets comprising: housing means having a passageway, an inlet opening, and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway, disc means having an orifice mounted on said housing means, said orifice being open to liquid from said passageway whereby a jet of liquid is discharged from the orifice, means secured to the housing means operable to vibrate the disc means at a frequency that breaks up tially equal size droplets.
  • said material of the annular member is a piezoelectric ceramic.
  • the apparatus of claim 13 including: meansto apply a constant frequency AC voltage to said annular member to cause said housing means to vibrate whereby the jet of liquid moving from the orifice breaks up into substantially equalsize droplets related to the frequency of the AC voltage.
  • said housing means includes a first member having a first passageway and said inlet opening, and a second member having said outlet opening attached to the first member,
  • An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate droplets comprising: housing "means having a passageway, an inlet opening, and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway,
  • said housing means including a first member having a first passageway and said inlet opening and a second member having said outlet opening attachedto the first member, said means having an orifice being located between said first member and said second member, and annular means engageable with said first member and said means having an orifice to position said means having an orifice on the housing means.
  • the annular means is a resilient O-ring.
  • the housing means comprises a first member having a generally flat portion, cylindrical side wall portion and an outwardly directed flange portion, said outlet opening being in said generally flat portion, and a second member attached to the side wall portion, said disc means being located between the first member and second member, and said means operable to vibrate the housing means being secured to the flange portion.
  • the said means operable to vibrate the housing is a piezoelectric ceramic ring surrounding the side wall portion and secured to the flange portion.
  • a method of generating a monodispersed aerosol comprising: discharging a liquid jet through an orifice in a member, vibrating the member to break up the liquid jet passing through the orifice into substantially uniform droplets, subjecting the droplets to a flow of turbulent air to disperse the droplets in the air, and discharging the droplets to a selected location.
  • An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate substantially equalized droplets comprising: housing means having a passageway, an inlet opening and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway whereby the liquid can flow through said housing means, means having an orifice mounted on said housing means between said inlet opening and said outlet opening, said orifice being open to liquid from said passageway whereby a jet of liquid is discharged fom the orifice, means secured to the housing means operable to vibrate the means having an orifice at a frequency that breaks up the jet of liquid moving from the orifice into substantially equal size droplets, said means secured to the housing means being an annular member of piezoelectric material surrounding said housing means.
  • said means having an orifice is a disc having a hole.
  • the housing means comprises a first member having said outlet opening and a second member secured to the first member having the inlet opening, said means having an orifice being located between said first member and second member.
  • the apparatus of claim 34 including: resilient means engageable with one of said members and the means having an orifice to position the means having the orifice on the other member.
  • one member has an inwardly open recess, said means having an orifice being located in said recess, and means engageable with said means having an orifice and the other member to hold the means having an orifice in said recess.

Abstract

A vibrating orifice monodisperse aerosol generator usable as a basic aerosol standard having a liquid feed system, a droplet generator, a droplet dispersion system and an aerosol flow system. The liquid feed system is a syringe pump operable to feed liquid into the droplet generator. The liquid is discharged from the droplet generator through a small orifice as a liquid jet. The jet disturbed at a constant frequency with an oscillating piezoelectric ceramic breaks up into uniform droplets. The droplets are dispersed by a turbulent air jet and diluted into a monodispersed aerosol.

Description

United States Patent [191 Berglund et al. A
Feb. 5, 1974 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MONODISPERSE AEROSOL [75] Inventors: Richard Berglund, St. Paul;
Benjamin Y. H. Liu, Minneapolis,
both of Minn.
[73] Assignee: RNB Associates, Inc., Minneapolis,
Minn.
[22] Filed: June 5, 1972 211 App]. No.: 259,374
[52] US. Cl 239/3, 239/4, 239/8,
239/102, 259/D1G. 44 [51] Int. Cl B051) 5/00, BOSb 7/00, B05b 17/06 [58] Field of Search 239/3, 4, 8, 9, 101, 102; 259/DIG. 44
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS I 3,326,467 6/1967 Fortman 239/102 3,433,461 3/1969 Scarpa..- 239/4 X 3,584,412 6/1971 Palmer '239/102 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 205,195 6/1969 U.S.S.R 239/102 1,017,388 9/1952 France 239/102 1,198,514 7/1970 Great Britain.... 239/102 Primary ExaminerRobert S. Ward, Jr. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-L. Paul Bur'd et al.
[5 7] ABSTRACT A vibrating orifice monodisperse aerosol generator usable as a basic aerosol standard having a liquid feed system, 'a droplet generator, a droplet dispersion system and an aerosol flow system. The liquid feed system is a syringe pump operable to feed liquid into the droplet generator. The liquid is discharged from the droplet generator through a small orifice as a liquid jet. The jet disturbed. at a constant frequency with an oscillating piezoelectric ceramic breaks up into uniform droplets. The droplets are dispersed by a turbulent air jet and diluted into a monodispersed aerosol.
38 Claims, 5 Dravving Figures PATENTEU 51974 3.790.079
- SHEET 2 Bf 2 kh 0 O O O O O O METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MONODISPERSE AEROSOL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Basic aerosol standards, consisting of monodispersed aerosols of a high degree of monodispersity and accurately known particle size are needed for a variety of purposes ranging from fundamental aerosol research,
calibration of aerosol sampling and measuring instruments, testing of particulate control devices such as cyclones, filters, scrubbers, and the like, to the study of health, meteorological and other effects of particulate air pollutants. To be generally useful, the aerosol standard must be sufficiently flexible to permit aerosols to be generated from a variety of solid and liquid materials having desired physical properties.
Conventional monodisperse aerosol generators, as the spinning-disc aerosol generator, the atomizerimpactor generator, the condensation generator and the polystyrene latex aerosol generator, all have severe limitations for use as a basic aerosol standard. The spinning-disc generator, while flexible in terms of the aerosol material, can produce aerosols with geometrical standard deviations of not better than 1.07 or a standard deviation of approximately 7 percent of the mean particle size. The spinning-disc generator is also a relatively complex piece of apparatus. The atomizer- -impactor generator can only produce a moderately monodisperse aerosol with a geometrical standard deviation of not better than 1.40. The polystyrene latex generator can produce aerosols from only one material and only of the discrete sizes provided by the polystyrene latex manufacturer. This generator also produces residue particles which are undesirable for'many applications.
Vibrating orifice aerosol generators are based on the principle of the breakup of'a liquid jet. It is known that cylindrical liquid jets are unstable to rotationally symmetric disturbances. These disturbances will grow until the jet breaks. The known droplet generators are not usable as a basic aerosol standard in their present state of development as they need a droplet dispersion system in an aerosol flow system of a well defined geometry to provide stable operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION means is an apparatus for generatingliquid droplets.
The apparatus has a discharge orifice generally aligned with the outlet opening the housing and spaced from the opening. The housing means includes means providing a chamber between the apparatus and the outlet opening. The liquid is supplied under pressure to the apparatus to generate droplets. The apparatus has means subjected to a vibratory force which breaks the liquid jet into substantially equal size droplets which are discharged into the chamber. Air under pressure is supplied to the chamber, whereby the droplets emanating from the apparatus are dispersed into the air and discharged with the air through the outlet opening. The
dispersed aerosol then enters the aerosol flow system which acts to dilute'and transport the aerosol.
IN THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the aerosol generator flow system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the aerosol generator of FIG. 1 located in the flow system;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the aerosol generator taken along line .3-3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the droplet generator forming part of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4.
Referring to the drawings, there is shown in FIG. 1 the flow system for the aerosol generator of the' invention, indicated generally at 10. System 10 includes an aerosol generating assembly, indicated generally at 11, containing the aerosol generator 12 for generating droplets and dispersing the droplets in carrier air in the form of a monodispersed aerosol.
As shown in FIG. 2, aerosol generator 12 is mounted on a support or porous plate 13 located over an opening in a housing 14. The outer peripheral edge portion of the plate 13 rests on and is attached to the top of housing 14. The housing 14 surrounds an absolute filter 16 through which the air passes prior to its flow through the porous plate 13. Positioned on top of plate 13 is an elongated tube or cylinder 17 having an elongated chamber 18. The upper end of the cylinder is tapered or cone-shaped and has an outlet opening 19, providing an outlet passage for the discharge of monodispersed aerosol, indicated by arrow 21. A plurality of fasteners 22, as bolts, extend through suitable holes in an outwardly directed flange 17A on the tubular member 17 and aligned holes in plate 13 to secure the tube 17 and plate 13 to the top of housing 14.
Air is supplied to the bottom of housing 14 with a blower 23 having an electric motor (not shown) controlled with a variable transformer 24. Air can also be obtained from'a compressor having appropriate pressure regulators. The outlet of blower 23 is connected to a line or tube 26 leading to the bottom of housing 14.
A control valve 27 interposed in line 26 regulates the flow of air into housing 14. A differential pressure gauge 28 is connected in line 26 before valve 27 and an outlet portion of blower 23 to provide means for determining the pressure of the air being supplied to the housing 14. i
The liquid feed system for the aerosol generator 12 has an infusion pump orsyringe 29 which forces the liquid under pressurethrough a membrane filter 32 interposed in a line 31 connecting the pump 29 to the aerosol generator 12. Other types of pumps can be used to provide the generator 12 with a substantially constant supply of liquid under pressure.
Aerosol generator 12 has a droplet generator or apparatus operable to form liquid droplets, indicated generally at 33 in FIGS. 2 and 4. The air supply system for the generator 33 is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 1. Droplet generator 33 is connected to a high pressure air line 34 providing a supply of air to a pressure regulator 36 and an absolute filter 37. The air flows from filter 37 through a rotameter 38 into a feed line 39 connected to the aerosol generator 12. The droplet generator 33 is subjected to a vibratory force generated with a signal generator 41 coupled via line or conductor 76 to a vibrating portion of the droplet generator 33, as shown in FIG. 4.
As shown in FIG. 2, the aerosol generator 12 has a housing comprising a generally cup-shaped base 42 mounted on the center portion of plate 13. A plurality of fasteners 43, as bolts, attach base 42 to plate 13. Base 42 has an upwardly directed cylindrical side wall 44 surrounding a chamber 46. The top of base 42 is closed wih an inverted, cup-shaped housing member 47 having a generally flat top wall or metal plate 48. The center portion of top wall 48 has an outlet hole or outlet opening 49 located along the axial or longitudinal center line of the chamber located along the axial or longitudinal center line of the chambr r 18. Member 47 has a cylindrical side wall 51 of electrical nonconductive material telescoped over the side wall 44. Fasteners 52, as bolts, secure the walls 44 and 51 together. An annular seal 53 is interposed between walls 44 and 51. The top wall 48 is spaced from and located above the top of the droplet generator 33 forming therewith a space or chamber 54. An annular stop washer 55 secured to the inside of side wall 51 rests on top of the side wall 44. Secured to side wall 51 is an inlet nipple 56 connecting the air line 39 to the generator 12 so that air indicated by arrow 57 is introduced into the chamber 54 and mixed with the droplets emanating from the generator 33. The air is introduced into the side of chamber 54 and is in a turbulent state as it mixes with the droplets. The air and droplet mixture in chamber 54 is discharged through opening 49 into the chamber,18 and is dispersed in a conical pattern, as shown in FIG. 2. The dispersed aerosol is carried with the clean air flowing through porous plate 13 in the chamber 18 toward the outlet opening 19. This clean air functions to dilute and transport the aerosol. In the case of a nonvolatile solute in a volatile solvent, the clean air also evaporates the solvent. The monodispersed aerosol 21 is discharged through the opening 19 at the top of the tube 17. When it is desired to generate a monodispersed aerosol having a unipolar electrical charge, a DC voltage can be applied to the metal plate 48 to induce a charge on the generated droplets.
As shown in FIG. 2, droplet generator 33 is located in chamber 46 of the base'42. An annular O-ring 59 of resilient material, as rubber, surrounds generator 33 to position the generator in chamber 46. The O-ring is in frictional engagement with an annular outer portion of the generator. The outer peripheral portion of O-ring 59 is located in an annular groove 60 in the top of the inside face of side wall 44.
Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, there is shown droplet generator 33 operable to produce monodispersed liquid droplets. Generator 33 has a housing having a secnd member including generally flat top plate 61. A center portion of plate 61 has a hole or outlet opening 62. Extended downwardly from the bottom side of plate 61 is a cylindrical side wall 63. The plate 61 and side wall 63 form an inverted, generally cup-shaped housing member having an outwardly directed top flange or lip 61A. The inner face of side wall 63 is threaded to accommodate a threaded plug or.cap 64 forming a first housing member. Plug 64 has a longitudinal passageway 66. Line 31 is connected to the plug 64 to provide the inlet port or opening of passageway 66 with fluid under pressure from the infusion pump 29. The inside wall of plate 61 has a circular recess 67 accommodating a removable disc or plate member 68. The center portion of disc 68 has a small discharge orifice or opening 69. The disc 68 is held in recess 67 with an annular resilient member or an O-ring 71. A compressive force is applied to the O-ring 71 by turning plug 64 into the side wall 63. The top face of plug 64 engages O-ring 71 and holds'it in a compressive state against disc 68. The O-ring 71 surrounds a chamber7 2 located at the upper end of passageway 66 adjacent the disc 68. The orifice 69 is in general axial or longitudinal alignment with passageway 66 and outlet opening 49.
An annular means 73 surrounds the side wall 63 and is operable to vibrate the generator 33 at a frequency that breaks the liquid jet into substantially equal sized droplets 77. Annular means 73 is an annular member or ring of piezoelectric ceramic secured to the underside of flange 61A with an epoxy 74, or similar fastening means. Signal generator 41 is electrically coupled to flange 61A and annular means 73 with a line or conductor 76. Epoxy 74 is an electrically conductive fastening adhesive. Other suitable attaching or bonding means can be used to couple the vibrating means to the flange 61A. The inside surface of vibrating means 63 is spaced, indicated at 78, from the outside surface of side wall 63, whereby all the vibratory forces are applied to the plate 61.
In operation, liquid is supplied to generator 33 via the line 31 on operation of pump 29. The liquid flows through passageway 66 into the chamber 72. The liquid is discharged as a jet 75 through the orifice 69 which directs the liquid through hole 62. The signal generator 41 provides a constant frequency AC voltage to the piezoelectric ceramic 73. This AC voltage vibrates the cup-shaped housing structure 61-63 and disturbs the liquid jet 75. Liquid jet 75 breaks up into equal size droplets 77 at the frequency of the AC voltage. The droplets 77 enter the chamber 54. Air 57 enters the chamber 54 in a turbulent state, thereby dispersing the droplets 77. The dispersed droplets and air are discharged into chamber 18 through opening 49 in a conical pattern, indicated at 58 in FIG. 2. The dispersed aerosol is diluted by themoving clean air in chamber 18 and transported to the outlet opening 19. The clean air flows from housing 14 through porous plate 13 in a generally linear configuration whereby the dispersed aerosol is carried generally linearly in the center or core section of chamber 18. I
In terms of method of generating a monodispersed aerosol, the droplet generator 33 functions to discharge a liquid jet 75 through orifice 69. This jet is disturbed with a vibratory force to break the jet into substantially uniform droplets 7 7. The liquid jet 75 is disturbed at a frequency established with an AC voltage on a member, as piezoelectric ceramic ring 73, which will vibrate when subjected to an AC voltage. The droplets 77 are directed into a mixing or dispersion chamber 54 in a direction in general alignment with the outlet opening 49 for the chamber. During the time the droplets are in the chamber 54, they are subject to a flow of turbulent air 57. Both the turbulent air and the dispersed droplets are discharged from chamber 54 through outlet opening 49 into chamber 18 which forms a passage to the outlet opening 19. A stream of cleanair in chamber 18 dilutes the aerosol and carries the dispersed aerosol to the outlet opening 19.
The aerosol generator 12 produces particles that do not have to be measured. The aerosol diameter can be calculated from the liquid flow rate, the disturbance frequency, and non-volatile solute concentration within 0.1 percent error by the'following formula:
Q volumetric flow rat'e,
C volumetric concentration of non-volatile solute in volatile solvent,
f disturbance frequency.
The particles are substantially uniform in that no size difference can be detected between them by using an optical microscope.
While there have been shown and described a preferred apparatus and method for generating a monodispersed aerosol, it is understood that changes in the size, materials, electrical circuits, fluid and air flow systems may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. An aerosol generator comprising: housing means having'at least one outlet hole, an apparatus for generating liquid droplets mounted on said housing means, said apparatus having a discharge orifice generally axially aligned with said hole and spaced from said hole, said housing means including means providing a chamber between the apparatus and the outlet hole, means for supplying the apparatus with liquid under pressure whereby the apparatus generates droplets, and means operable to provide air under pressure into the chamber whereby droplets emanating from the apparatus into the chamberare dispersed into the air and discharged with the air from the chamber through the out let hole.
2. The generator of claim 1 wherein: the apparatus for genereating liquid droplets includes means operable to vibrate the apparatus at a frequency whereby substantially equal size droplets are produced.
3. The generator of claim 2 wherein: said means to vibrate the apparatus is an annular means of piezoelectric material.
4. The generator of claim ll including: means to apply a constant frequency AC voltage to said apparatus to vibrate the apparatus whereby the jet of liquid moving from the orifice breaks into substantially equal size droplets related to the frequency of the AC voltage.
5 The generator of claim 1 wherein: said apparatus for generating liquid droplets includes housing means having a first member with a first passage and a second member having anoutlet opening attached to the first member, and means having an orifice located between the first member and the second member.
6. The generator of claim 5 including: an annular member engageable with said first member and said means having an orifice to position said means having an orifice on said housing means.
7. The generator of claim 6 wherein: the annular member is a resilient O-ring.
8. The generator of claim 1 in combination with: a porous support means, tube means having a chamber extended from said support means for receiving aerosol from the generator, said generator being mounted on said porous support means within said tube means with the outlet hole positioned to direct aerosol into the chamber of the tube means, and means to supply air to said porous support means whereby said air transports the dispersed droplets in the chamber of the tube means. I
9. The aerosol generator of claim 8 wherein: said generator is located generally along the longitudinal axis of the tube means and on the support means so that a substantially uniform cylindrical core of air surrounds the generator and aerosol discharged therefrom.
10. The generator of claim 1 wherein: the housing means has a side wall surrounding a chamber, said apparatus for generating liquid droplets being located in said chamber, and resilient means mounting said apparatus on said side wall. I
11. The generator of claim 10 wherein: the resilient means is an annular O-ring surrounding and engaging the apparatus and side wall.
12. An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate droplets comprising: housing means having a passageway, an inlet opening, and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway, disc means having an orifice mounted on said housing means, said orifice being open to liquid from said passageway whereby a jet of liquid is discharged from the orifice, means secured to the housing means operable to vibrate the disc means at a frequency that breaks up tially equal size droplets.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: said means secured to the housing means is an annular member of piezoelectric material.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein: said material of the annular member is a piezoelectric ceramic.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 including: meansto apply a constant frequency AC voltage to said annular member to cause said housing means to vibrate whereby the jet of liquid moving from the orifice breaks up into substantially equalsize droplets related to the frequency of the AC voltage.
16. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: said housing means includes a first member having a first passageway and said inlet opening, and a second member having said outlet opening attached to the first member,
a cylindrical portion attached to said cylindrical wall.
18. An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate droplets comprising: housing "means having a passageway, an inlet opening, and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway,
means having an orifice mounted on said housing means, said orifice being generally axially aligned with said outlet opening to direct a jet of liquid through the outlet opening, said housing means including a first member having a first passageway and said inlet opening and a second member having said outlet opening attachedto the first member, said means having an orifice being located between said first member and said second member, and annular means engageable with said first member and said means having an orifice to position said means having an orifice on the housing means.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein: the annular means is a resilient O-ring.
20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein: said second member has a recess surrounding the inlet opening, a disc means being located in said recess.
21. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: said orifice in the disc means is a hole generally in the center portion of said disc means.
22. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: the housing means comprises a first member having a generally flat portion, cylindrical side wall portion and an outwardly directed flange portion, said outlet opening being in said generally flat portion, and a second member attached to the side wall portion, said disc means being located between the first member and second member, and said means operable to vibrate the housing means being secured to the flange portion.
23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein: the flat portion has an inwardly open recess, said disc means having an orifice is located in said recess, and resilient means engageable with the disc means and second member whereby the second member holds the disc means in said recess.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein: the resilient means is an O-ring.
25. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein: the said means operable to vibrate the housing is a piezoelectric ceramic ring surrounding the side wall portion and secured to the flange portion.
26. A method of generating a monodispersed aerosol comprising: discharging a liquid jet through an orifice in a member, vibrating the member to break up the liquid jet passing through the orifice into substantially uniform droplets, subjecting the droplets to a flow of turbulent air to disperse the droplets in the air, and discharging the droplets to a selected location.
27. The method of claim 26 wherein: the droplets are discharged into a stream of moving air which dilutes and transports the aerosol.
28. The method of claim 26 wherein: the member is vibrated at a frequency established by an AC voltage.
29. The method of claim 26 wherein: the liquid jet is discharged into a chamber having an outlet opening, said turbulent air being introduced into said chamber, and said droplets and turbulent air being discharged through said outlet opening.
30. The method of claim 26 wherein: the liquid jet is discharged in a direction in general alignment with the outlet opening for the chamber.
31. The method of claim 26 wherein: the droplets are subjected to a DC voltage to induce a unipolar electrical charge on the aerosol.
32. An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate substantially equalized droplets comprising: housing means having a passageway, an inlet opening and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway whereby the liquid can flow through said housing means, means having an orifice mounted on said housing means between said inlet opening and said outlet opening, said orifice being open to liquid from said passageway whereby a jet of liquid is discharged fom the orifice, means secured to the housing means operable to vibrate the means having an orifice at a frequency that breaks up the jet of liquid moving from the orifice into substantially equal size droplets, said means secured to the housing means being an annular member of piezoelectric material surrounding said housing means.
33. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein: said means having an orifice is a disc having a hole.
34. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein: the housing means comprises a first member having said outlet opening and a second member secured to the first member having the inlet opening, said means having an orifice being located between said first member and second member.
35. The apparatus of claim 34 including: resilient means engageable with one of said members and the means having an orifice to position the means having the orifice on the other member.
36. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein: one member has an inwardly open recess, said means having an orifice being located in said recess, and means engageable with said means having an orifice and the other member to hold the means having an orifice in said recess.
37. The apparatus of claim 36-wherein: said means is a resilient O-ring.
38. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein: said one member has an outwardly directed flange, said annular member of piezoelectric material being secured to said flange.
P0-1050 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5 CERTIFICATE U1" CORRECTION iPatent No. 3 790 U79 Dated February 5 1974 Inventor(s) Richard N. Berglund et a1 It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
Column 3, lines 14-15, "located along the axial or longitudinal center line of the chambr r" is repetitious and should be omitted Column 3, line 47, after "O-ring", 59" is omitted.
Column 3, line 60, after "directed", 'annular is omitted.
Claim 25, line 2, after "housing", --means is omitted.
Signed and sealed this 17th day of September 19M.
(SEAL) Attest:
McCOY GIBSON JR. C. MARSHALL DANN Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents

Claims (38)

1. An aerosol generator comprising: housing means having at least one outlet hole, an apparatUs for generating liquid droplets mounted on said housing means, said apparatus having a discharge orifice generally axially aligned with said hole and spaced from said hole, said housing means including means providing a chamber between the apparatus and the outlet hole, means for supplying the apparatus with liquid under pressure whereby the apparatus generates droplets, and means operable to provide air under pressure into the chamber whereby droplets emanating from the apparatus into the chamber are dispersed into the air and discharged with the air from the chamber through the outlet hole.
2. The generator of claim 1 wherein: the apparatus for genereating liquid droplets includes means operable to vibrate the apparatus at a frequency whereby substantially equal size droplets are produced.
3. The generator of claim 2 wherein: said means to vibrate the apparatus is an annular means of piezoelectric material.
4. The generator of claim 1 including: means to apply a constant frequency AC voltage to said apparatus to vibrate the apparatus whereby the jet of liquid moving from the orifice breaks into substantially equal size droplets related to the frequency of the AC voltage.
5. The generator of claim 1 wherein: said apparatus for generating liquid droplets includes housing means having a first member with a first passage and a second member having an outlet opening attached to the first member, and means having an orifice located between the first member and the second member.
6. The generator of claim 5 including: an annular member engageable with said first member and said means having an orifice to position said means having an orifice on said housing means.
7. The generator of claim 6 wherein: the annular member is a resilient O-ring.
8. The generator of claim 1 in combination with: a porous support means, tube means having a chamber extended from said support means for receiving aerosol from the generator, said generator being mounted on said porous support means within said tube means with the outlet hole positioned to direct aerosol into the chamber of the tube means, and means to supply air to said porous support means whereby said air transports the dispersed droplets in the chamber of the tube means.
9. The aerosol generator of claim 8 wherein: said generator is located generally along the longitudinal axis of the tube means and on the support means so that a substantially uniform cylindrical core of air surrounds the generator and aerosol discharged therefrom.
10. The generator of claim 1 wherein: the housing means has a side wall surrounding a chamber, said apparatus for generating liquid droplets being located in said chamber, and resilient means mounting said apparatus on said side wall.
11. The generator of claim 10 wherein: the resilient means is an annular O-ring surrounding and engaging the apparatus and side wall.
12. An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate droplets comprising: housing means having a passageway, an inlet opening, and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway, disc means having an orifice mounted on said housing means, said orifice being open to liquid from said passageway whereby a jet of liquid is discharged from the orifice, means secured to the housing means operable to vibrate the disc means at a frequency that breaks up the jet of liquid moving from the orifice into substantially equal size droplets.
13. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: said means secured to the housing means is an annular member of piezoelectric material.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein: said material of the annular member is a piezoelectric ceramic.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 including: means to apply a constant frequency AC voltage to said annular member to cause said housing means to vibrate whereby the jet of liquid moving from the orifice breaks up into substantially equal size droplets related to the frequency of the AC voltage.
16. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: said housing means includes a first member having a first passageway and said inlet opening, and a second member having said outlet opening attached to the first member, said disc means being located between said first member and said second member.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein: said second member has a cylindrical wall and the first member has a cylindrical portion attached to said cylindrical wall.
18. An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate droplets comprising: housing means having a passageway, an inlet opening, and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway, means having an orifice mounted on said housing means, said orifice being generally axially aligned with said outlet opening to direct a jet of liquid through the outlet opening, said housing means including a first member having a first passageway and said inlet opening and a second member having said outlet opening attached to the first member, said means having an orifice being located between said first member and said second member, and annular means engageable with said first member and said means having an orifice to position said means having an orifice on the housing means.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein: the annular means is a resilient O-ring.
20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein: said second member has a recess surrounding the inlet opening, a disc means being located in said recess.
21. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: said orifice in the disc means is a hole generally in the center portion of said disc means.
22. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein: the housing means comprises a first member having a generally flat portion, cylindrical side wall portion and an outwardly directed flange portion, said outlet opening being in said generally flat portion, and a second member attached to the side wall portion, said disc means being located between the first member and second member, and said means operable to vibrate the housing means being secured to the flange portion.
23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein: the flat portion has an inwardly open recess, said disc means having an orifice is located in said recess, and resilient means engageable with the disc means and second member whereby the second member holds the disc means in said recess.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein: the resilient means is an O-ring.
25. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein: the said means operable to vibrate the housing is a piezoelectric ceramic ring surrounding the side wall portion and secured to the flange portion.
26. A method of generating a monodispersed aerosol comprising: discharging a liquid jet through an orifice in a member, vibrating the member to break up the liquid jet passing through the orifice into substantially uniform droplets, subjecting the droplets to a flow of turbulent air to disperse the droplets in the air, and discharging the droplets to a selected location.
27. The method of claim 26 wherein: the droplets are discharged into a stream of moving air which dilutes and transports the aerosol.
28. The method of claim 26 wherein: the member is vibrated at a frequency established by an AC voltage.
29. The method of claim 26 wherein: the liquid jet is discharged into a chamber having an outlet opening, said turbulent air being introduced into said chamber, and said droplets and turbulent air being discharged through said outlet opening.
30. The method of claim 26 wherein: the liquid jet is discharged in a direction in general alignment with the outlet opening for the chamber.
31. The method of claim 26 wherein: the droplets are subjected to a DC voltage to induce a unipolar electrical charge on the aerosol.
32. An apparatus usable with a source of liquid under pressure to generate substantially equalized droplets comprising: housing means having a passageway, an inlet opening and an outlet opening in communication with the passageway whereby the liquid can flow through said housing means, mEans having an orifice mounted on said housing means between said inlet opening and said outlet opening, said orifice being open to liquid from said passageway whereby a jet of liquid is discharged fom the orifice, means secured to the housing means operable to vibrate the means having an orifice at a frequency that breaks up the jet of liquid moving from the orifice into substantially equal size droplets, said means secured to the housing means being an annular member of piezoelectric material surrounding said housing means.
33. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein: said means having an orifice is a disc having a hole.
34. The apparatus of claim 32 wherein: the housing means comprises a first member having said outlet opening and a second member secured to the first member having the inlet opening, said means having an orifice being located between said first member and second member.
35. The apparatus of claim 34 including: resilient means engageable with one of said members and the means having an orifice to position the means having the orifice on the other member.
36. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein: one member has an inwardly open recess, said means having an orifice being located in said recess, and means engageable with said means having an orifice and the other member to hold the means having an orifice in said recess.
37. The apparatus of claim 36 wherein: said means is a resilient O-ring.
38. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein: said one member has an outwardly directed flange, said annular member of piezoelectric material being secured to said flange.
US00259374A 1972-06-05 1972-06-05 Method and apparatus for generating monodisperse aerosol Expired - Lifetime US3790079A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US25937472A 1972-06-05 1972-06-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3790079A true US3790079A (en) 1974-02-05

Family

ID=22984678

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00259374A Expired - Lifetime US3790079A (en) 1972-06-05 1972-06-05 Method and apparatus for generating monodisperse aerosol

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3790079A (en)
JP (1) JPS5247572B2 (en)

Cited By (87)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3897905A (en) * 1973-10-19 1975-08-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Electrostatic spraying nozzle
US3966120A (en) * 1975-03-12 1976-06-29 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Ultrasonic spraying device
US3969208A (en) * 1973-04-13 1976-07-13 The Fujikura Cable Works, Ltd. Ultrasonic apparatus
US4044297A (en) * 1975-05-20 1977-08-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic generator with combined oscillator and current regulator
US4052004A (en) * 1975-02-19 1977-10-04 Plessey Handel Und Investments A.G. Vibratory atomizer
US4087495A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-05-02 Mikuni Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Ultrasonic air humidifying apparatus
US4344403A (en) * 1976-10-29 1982-08-17 Child Frances W Fuel supply system
US4344404A (en) * 1976-10-29 1982-08-17 Child Francis W Fuel supply system
US4344402A (en) * 1976-10-29 1982-08-17 Child Francis W Fuel supply system
US4352459A (en) * 1979-11-13 1982-10-05 Sono-Tek Corporation Ultrasonic liquid atomizer having an axially-extending liquid feed passage
US4533082A (en) * 1981-10-15 1985-08-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Piezoelectric oscillated nozzle
US4605167A (en) * 1982-01-18 1986-08-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Ultrasonic liquid ejecting apparatus
US4702418A (en) * 1985-09-09 1987-10-27 Piezo Electric Products, Inc. Aerosol dispenser
US4871489A (en) * 1986-10-07 1989-10-03 Corning Incorporated Spherical particles having narrow size distribution made by ultrasonic vibration
US5152456A (en) * 1989-12-12 1992-10-06 Bespak, Plc Dispensing apparatus having a perforate outlet member and a vibrating device
US5173274A (en) * 1991-08-16 1992-12-22 Southwest Research Institute Flash liquid aerosol production method and appartus
US5198157A (en) * 1990-08-20 1993-03-30 Dynamad S. A. R. L. Ultrasonic device for the continuous production of particles
WO1994009912A1 (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-11 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus
US5316970A (en) * 1990-08-23 1994-05-31 International Business Machines Corporation Generation of ionized air for semiconductor chips
US5409163A (en) * 1990-01-25 1995-04-25 Ultrasonic Systems, Inc. Ultrasonic spray coating system with enhanced spray control
WO1995025601A1 (en) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fluid dosing and spraying device
EP0762211A1 (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-12 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Matted radiation-sensitive recording material and process for its production
US5725153A (en) * 1995-01-10 1998-03-10 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Oscillating capillary nebulizer
US5938117A (en) * 1991-04-24 1999-08-17 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for dispensing liquids as an atomized spray
US6014970A (en) * 1998-06-11 2000-01-18 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for storing chemical compounds in a portable inhaler
FR2787352A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-23 Air Refreshing Control Water spray atomiser has nozzle fed with water droplets and surrounding sleeve with gas feed
US6126086A (en) * 1995-01-10 2000-10-03 Georgia Tech Research Corp. Oscillating capillary nebulizer with electrospray
WO2000058022A1 (en) * 1999-03-28 2000-10-05 Liposol Ltd. A method and apparatus for nebulizing a liquid particularly useful for the aerosol delivery of biopharmaceuticals
US6205999B1 (en) 1995-04-05 2001-03-27 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for storing chemical compounds in a portable inhaler
US6235177B1 (en) 1999-09-09 2001-05-22 Aerogen, Inc. Method for the construction of an aperture plate for dispensing liquid droplets
US6293474B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-09-25 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Delivery system for dispensing volatiles
US20020071871A1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2002-06-13 Herm Snyder Apparatus and process to produce particles having a narrow size distribution and particles made thereby
US6467476B1 (en) 1995-04-05 2002-10-22 Aerogen, Inc. Liquid dispensing apparatus and methods
WO2003006177A1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2003-01-23 Astrazeneca Ab Method and device for coating pharmaceutical products
US20030044460A1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2003-03-06 Bennett David B. Spray drying process control of drying kinetics
US6543443B1 (en) 2000-07-12 2003-04-08 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and devices for nebulizing fluids
US6546927B2 (en) 2001-03-13 2003-04-15 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration
US6550472B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2003-04-22 Aerogen, Inc. Devices and methods for nebulizing fluids using flow directors
US6554201B2 (en) 2001-05-02 2003-04-29 Aerogen, Inc. Insert molded aerosol generator and methods
US20030124193A1 (en) * 2001-11-01 2003-07-03 Inhale Therapeutic System, Inc. Spray drying methods and related compositions
US20030150445A1 (en) * 2001-11-01 2003-08-14 Aerogen, Inc. Apparatus and methods for delivery of medicament to a respiratory system
WO2003068412A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2003-08-21 Sara Lee/De N.V. Liquid spray-head, apparatus comprising a liquid spray-head and container therefore
US6629646B1 (en) 1991-04-24 2003-10-07 Aerogen, Inc. Droplet ejector with oscillating tapered aperture
US20030232020A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-12-18 Peter York Particulate materials
US20040004133A1 (en) * 1991-04-24 2004-01-08 Aerogen, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling fluid feed to an aerosol generator
US20040018696A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-01-29 Karsten Wieczorek Method of filling an opening in a material layer with an insulating material
US20040035490A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2004-02-26 Aerogen, Inc. Apparatus and methods for the delivery of medicaments to the respiratory system
US6732944B2 (en) 2001-05-02 2004-05-11 Aerogen, Inc. Base isolated nebulizing device and methods
US20040140374A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-22 Nektar Therapeutics Prefilming atomizer
US20040139968A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2004-07-22 Aerogen, Inc. Fluid filled ampoules and methods for their use in aerosolizers
US6782886B2 (en) 1995-04-05 2004-08-31 Aerogen, Inc. Metering pumps for an aerosolizer
US20040256488A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2004-12-23 Aerogen, Inc. Convertible fluid feed system with comformable reservoir and methods
US20050011514A1 (en) * 2003-07-18 2005-01-20 Aerogen, Inc. Nebuliser for the production of aerosolized medication
US20050172954A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2005-08-11 Aerogen Inc. Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US20050178847A1 (en) * 2002-05-20 2005-08-18 Aerogen, Inc. Methods of making an apparatus for providing aerosol for medical treatment
US20050199236A1 (en) * 2002-01-07 2005-09-15 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and devices for aerosolizing medicament
US20050207917A1 (en) * 2004-02-05 2005-09-22 Joachim Koerner Microdosing device
US20050205089A1 (en) * 2002-01-07 2005-09-22 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and devices for aerosolizing medicament
US20050217666A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2005-10-06 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US20050229926A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Aerogen, Inc. Method and composition for the treatment of lung surfactant deficiency or dysfunction
US20050229928A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol delivery apparatus and method for pressure-assisted breathing systems
US20060097068A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2006-05-11 Markus Urich Fluid droplet production apparatus and method
US20070020199A1 (en) * 1994-03-07 2007-01-25 Platz Robert M Dispersible macromolecule compositions and methods for their preparation and use
US20070028662A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-08 Qiang Wei Wide range constant concentration particle generating system
US20070044792A1 (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-01 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol generators with enhanced corrosion resistance
US20070209659A1 (en) * 1995-04-05 2007-09-13 Aerogen, Inc. Liquid dispensing apparatus and methods
US20070267010A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2007-11-22 Fink James B Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US20080017198A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2008-01-24 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol delivery apparatus and method for pressure-assisted breathing systems
US7360536B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2008-04-22 Aerogen, Inc. Devices and methods for nebulizing fluids for inhalation
US20090095288A1 (en) * 2007-10-16 2009-04-16 Haveri Heikki Antti Mikael Device for delivery and regulation of volatile fluids into inspiratory gas
US20090134235A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2009-05-28 Aerogen, Inc. Vibration Systems and Methods
US20090285905A1 (en) * 1996-12-31 2009-11-19 Gordon Marc S Systems and processes for spray drying hydrophobic drugs with hydrophilic excipients
US7628339B2 (en) 1991-04-24 2009-12-08 Novartis Pharma Ag Systems and methods for controlling fluid feed to an aerosol generator
US20090308945A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-17 Jacob Loverich Liquid dispensing apparatus using a passive liquid metering method
US7946291B2 (en) 2004-04-20 2011-05-24 Novartis Ag Ventilation systems and methods employing aerosol generators
US20130189407A1 (en) * 2010-10-05 2013-07-25 Universiti Putra Malaysia Method and apparatus for high intensity ultrasonic treatment of baking materials
US8691022B1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-04-08 Lam Research Ag Method and apparatus for processing wafer-shaped articles
WO2015091227A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Koninklijke Philips N.V. An assembly for use in a liquid droplet apparatus
WO2015091171A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Koninklijke Philips N.V. An assembly for use in liquid a droplet apparatus
CN105499048A (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-04-20 江苏大学 Gas-assisted type low-frequency electrostatic ultrasonic atomization nozzle
CN106513232A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-03-22 江苏大学 Low-frequency ultrasonic superfine straight fog drop flow producing device
US9700529B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2017-07-11 Nektar Therapeutics Particulate materials
US9895707B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2018-02-20 Msp Corporation Method and apparatus for generating monodisperse aerosols
US20180193868A1 (en) * 2017-01-09 2018-07-12 Precision Machinery Research Development Center Ultrasonic spray coating module
US10508821B2 (en) * 2016-08-26 2019-12-17 Corrigan Corporation Of America Humidification system
CN110976181A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-10 湖南嘉业达电子有限公司 Energy-gathering piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet
US10799652B2 (en) 2015-01-08 2020-10-13 Convexity Scientific Inc. Nebulizer device

Cited By (169)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3969208A (en) * 1973-04-13 1976-07-13 The Fujikura Cable Works, Ltd. Ultrasonic apparatus
US3897905A (en) * 1973-10-19 1975-08-05 Universal Oil Prod Co Electrostatic spraying nozzle
US4052004A (en) * 1975-02-19 1977-10-04 Plessey Handel Und Investments A.G. Vibratory atomizer
US3966120A (en) * 1975-03-12 1976-06-29 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Ultrasonic spraying device
US4044297A (en) * 1975-05-20 1977-08-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic generator with combined oscillator and current regulator
US4087495A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-05-02 Mikuni Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Ultrasonic air humidifying apparatus
US4344403A (en) * 1976-10-29 1982-08-17 Child Frances W Fuel supply system
US4344404A (en) * 1976-10-29 1982-08-17 Child Francis W Fuel supply system
US4344402A (en) * 1976-10-29 1982-08-17 Child Francis W Fuel supply system
US4352459A (en) * 1979-11-13 1982-10-05 Sono-Tek Corporation Ultrasonic liquid atomizer having an axially-extending liquid feed passage
US4533082A (en) * 1981-10-15 1985-08-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Piezoelectric oscillated nozzle
US4605167A (en) * 1982-01-18 1986-08-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Limited Ultrasonic liquid ejecting apparatus
US4702418A (en) * 1985-09-09 1987-10-27 Piezo Electric Products, Inc. Aerosol dispenser
US4871489A (en) * 1986-10-07 1989-10-03 Corning Incorporated Spherical particles having narrow size distribution made by ultrasonic vibration
EP0432992B1 (en) * 1989-12-12 1993-08-25 Bespak plc Dispensing apparatus
AU637658B2 (en) * 1989-12-12 1993-06-03 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus
US5152456A (en) * 1989-12-12 1992-10-06 Bespak, Plc Dispensing apparatus having a perforate outlet member and a vibrating device
US5261601A (en) * 1989-12-12 1993-11-16 Bespak Plc Liquid dispensing apparatus having a vibrating perforate membrane
US5409163A (en) * 1990-01-25 1995-04-25 Ultrasonic Systems, Inc. Ultrasonic spray coating system with enhanced spray control
US5198157A (en) * 1990-08-20 1993-03-30 Dynamad S. A. R. L. Ultrasonic device for the continuous production of particles
US5432670A (en) * 1990-08-23 1995-07-11 International Business Machines Corporation Generation of ionized air for semiconductor chips
US5316970A (en) * 1990-08-23 1994-05-31 International Business Machines Corporation Generation of ionized air for semiconductor chips
US20050263608A1 (en) * 1991-04-24 2005-12-01 Aerogen, Inc. Droplet ejector with oscillating tapered aperture
US7083112B2 (en) 1991-04-24 2006-08-01 Aerogen, Inc. Method and apparatus for dispensing liquids as an atomized spray
US20070075161A1 (en) * 1991-04-24 2007-04-05 Aerogen, Inc. Droplet Ejector With Oscillating Tapered Aperture
US6629646B1 (en) 1991-04-24 2003-10-07 Aerogen, Inc. Droplet ejector with oscillating tapered aperture
US7628339B2 (en) 1991-04-24 2009-12-08 Novartis Pharma Ag Systems and methods for controlling fluid feed to an aerosol generator
US7108197B2 (en) * 1991-04-24 2006-09-19 Aerogen, Inc. Droplet ejector with oscillating tapered aperture
US5938117A (en) * 1991-04-24 1999-08-17 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for dispensing liquids as an atomized spray
US20040004133A1 (en) * 1991-04-24 2004-01-08 Aerogen, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling fluid feed to an aerosol generator
US20050279851A1 (en) * 1991-04-24 2005-12-22 Aerogen, Inc. Method and apparatus for dispensing liquids as an atomized spray
US6540153B1 (en) 1991-04-24 2003-04-01 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for dispensing liquids as an atomized spray
US7040549B2 (en) 1991-04-24 2006-05-09 Aerogen, Inc. Systems and methods for controlling fluid feed to an aerosol generator
US5173274A (en) * 1991-08-16 1992-12-22 Southwest Research Institute Flash liquid aerosol production method and appartus
US6062212A (en) * 1992-11-04 2000-05-16 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus
WO1994009912A1 (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-11 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus
US8173168B2 (en) 1994-03-07 2012-05-08 Novartis Pharma Ag Dispersible macromolecule compositions and methods for their preparation and use
US20070020199A1 (en) * 1994-03-07 2007-01-25 Platz Robert M Dispersible macromolecule compositions and methods for their preparation and use
WO1995025601A1 (en) * 1994-03-22 1995-09-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fluid dosing and spraying device
US5848751A (en) * 1995-01-10 1998-12-15 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Oscillating capillary nebulizer
US6126086A (en) * 1995-01-10 2000-10-03 Georgia Tech Research Corp. Oscillating capillary nebulizer with electrospray
US5725153A (en) * 1995-01-10 1998-03-10 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Oscillating capillary nebulizer
US6467476B1 (en) 1995-04-05 2002-10-22 Aerogen, Inc. Liquid dispensing apparatus and methods
US20070209659A1 (en) * 1995-04-05 2007-09-13 Aerogen, Inc. Liquid dispensing apparatus and methods
US7174888B2 (en) 1995-04-05 2007-02-13 Aerogen, Inc. Liquid dispensing apparatus and methods
US6205999B1 (en) 1995-04-05 2001-03-27 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for storing chemical compounds in a portable inhaler
US8561604B2 (en) 1995-04-05 2013-10-22 Novartis Ag Liquid dispensing apparatus and methods
US6782886B2 (en) 1995-04-05 2004-08-31 Aerogen, Inc. Metering pumps for an aerosolizer
US6755189B2 (en) 1995-04-05 2004-06-29 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for storing chemical compounds in a portable inhaler
US6640804B2 (en) 1995-04-05 2003-11-04 Aerogen, Inc. Liquid dispensing apparatus and methods
US5994029A (en) * 1995-09-07 1999-11-30 Agfa-Gevaert Ag Dulled radiation-sensitive recording material and process for its production
EP0762211A1 (en) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-12 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Matted radiation-sensitive recording material and process for its production
US20090285905A1 (en) * 1996-12-31 2009-11-19 Gordon Marc S Systems and processes for spray drying hydrophobic drugs with hydrophilic excipients
US8802149B2 (en) 1996-12-31 2014-08-12 Novartis Pharma Ag Systems and processes for spray drying hydrophobic and hydrophilic components
US8578931B2 (en) 1998-06-11 2013-11-12 Novartis Ag Methods and apparatus for storing chemical compounds in a portable inhaler
US6014970A (en) * 1998-06-11 2000-01-18 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for storing chemical compounds in a portable inhaler
FR2787352A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-23 Air Refreshing Control Water spray atomiser has nozzle fed with water droplets and surrounding sleeve with gas feed
US6293474B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2001-09-25 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Delivery system for dispensing volatiles
WO2000058022A1 (en) * 1999-03-28 2000-10-05 Liposol Ltd. A method and apparatus for nebulizing a liquid particularly useful for the aerosol delivery of biopharmaceuticals
US6235177B1 (en) 1999-09-09 2001-05-22 Aerogen, Inc. Method for the construction of an aperture plate for dispensing liquid droplets
US20070023547A1 (en) * 1999-09-09 2007-02-01 Aerogen, Inc. Aperture plate and methods for its construction and use
US8398001B2 (en) 1999-09-09 2013-03-19 Novartis Ag Aperture plate and methods for its construction and use
US7066398B2 (en) 1999-09-09 2006-06-27 Aerogen, Inc. Aperture plate and methods for its construction and use
US20010013554A1 (en) * 1999-09-09 2001-08-16 Scott Borland Aperture plate and methods for its construction and use
US20050172954A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2005-08-11 Aerogen Inc. Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US7331339B2 (en) 2000-05-05 2008-02-19 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US20070267010A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2007-11-22 Fink James B Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US8336545B2 (en) 2000-05-05 2012-12-25 Novartis Pharma Ag Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US7748377B2 (en) 2000-05-05 2010-07-06 Novartis Ag Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US20040035490A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2004-02-26 Aerogen, Inc. Apparatus and methods for the delivery of medicaments to the respiratory system
US7322349B2 (en) 2000-05-05 2008-01-29 Aerogen, Inc. Apparatus and methods for the delivery of medicaments to the respiratory system
US20080149096A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2008-06-26 Aerogen, Inc. Apparatus and Methods for the Delivery of Medicaments to the Respiratory System
US20050217666A1 (en) * 2000-05-05 2005-10-06 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US7971588B2 (en) 2000-05-05 2011-07-05 Novartis Ag Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US20030044460A1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2003-03-06 Bennett David B. Spray drying process control of drying kinetics
US7575761B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2009-08-18 Novartis Pharma Ag Spray drying process control of drying kinetics
US20100034910A1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2010-02-11 Novartis Pharma Ag Spray drying process control of drying kinetics
US8337895B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2012-12-25 Novartis Ag Spray drying process control of drying kinetics
US6543443B1 (en) 2000-07-12 2003-04-08 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and devices for nebulizing fluids
US20020071871A1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2002-06-13 Herm Snyder Apparatus and process to produce particles having a narrow size distribution and particles made thereby
US6546927B2 (en) 2001-03-13 2003-04-15 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and apparatus for controlling piezoelectric vibration
US6550472B2 (en) 2001-03-16 2003-04-22 Aerogen, Inc. Devices and methods for nebulizing fluids using flow directors
US8196573B2 (en) 2001-03-20 2012-06-12 Novartis Ag Methods and systems for operating an aerosol generator
US20080142002A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2008-06-19 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and Systems for Operating an Aerosol Generator
US7100600B2 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-09-05 Aerogen, Inc. Fluid filled ampoules and methods for their use in aerosolizers
US7032590B2 (en) 2001-03-20 2006-04-25 Aerogen, Inc. Fluid filled ampoules and methods for their use in aerosolizers
US6948491B2 (en) 2001-03-20 2005-09-27 Aerogen, Inc. Convertible fluid feed system with comformable reservoir and methods
US20040139968A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2004-07-22 Aerogen, Inc. Fluid filled ampoules and methods for their use in aerosolizers
US20040256488A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2004-12-23 Aerogen, Inc. Convertible fluid feed system with comformable reservoir and methods
US7195011B2 (en) 2001-03-20 2007-03-27 Aerogen, Inc. Convertible fluid feed system with comformable reservoir and methods
US7104463B2 (en) 2001-05-02 2006-09-12 Aerogen, Inc. Base isolated nebulizing device and methods
US6554201B2 (en) 2001-05-02 2003-04-29 Aerogen, Inc. Insert molded aerosol generator and methods
US6978941B2 (en) 2001-05-02 2005-12-27 Aerogen, Inc. Base isolated nebulizing device and methods
US6732944B2 (en) 2001-05-02 2004-05-11 Aerogen, Inc. Base isolated nebulizing device and methods
US20040188534A1 (en) * 2001-05-02 2004-09-30 Aerogen, Inc. Base isolated nebulizing device and methods
US7329430B2 (en) 2001-07-12 2008-02-12 Astrazeneca Ab Method and device for coating pharmaceutical products
AU2002317959B2 (en) * 2001-07-12 2007-07-19 Astrazeneca Ab Method and device for coating pharmaceutical products
CN100406135C (en) * 2001-07-12 2008-07-30 阿斯特拉曾尼卡有限公司 Method and device for coating pharmaceutical products
US20040247776A1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2004-12-09 Staffan Folestad Method and device for coating pharmaceutical products
WO2003006177A1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2003-01-23 Astrazeneca Ab Method and device for coating pharmaceutical products
US8936813B2 (en) 2001-11-01 2015-01-20 Novartis Ag Spray drying methods and related compositions
US7600511B2 (en) 2001-11-01 2009-10-13 Novartis Pharma Ag Apparatus and methods for delivery of medicament to a respiratory system
US20030124193A1 (en) * 2001-11-01 2003-07-03 Inhale Therapeutic System, Inc. Spray drying methods and related compositions
US20030150445A1 (en) * 2001-11-01 2003-08-14 Aerogen, Inc. Apparatus and methods for delivery of medicament to a respiratory system
US8524279B2 (en) 2001-11-01 2013-09-03 Novartis Ag Spray drying methods and related compositions
US7360536B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2008-04-22 Aerogen, Inc. Devices and methods for nebulizing fluids for inhalation
US7677467B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2010-03-16 Novartis Pharma Ag Methods and devices for aerosolizing medicament
US20050205089A1 (en) * 2002-01-07 2005-09-22 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and devices for aerosolizing medicament
US8539944B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2013-09-24 Novartis Ag Devices and methods for nebulizing fluids for inhalation
US20050199236A1 (en) * 2002-01-07 2005-09-15 Aerogen, Inc. Methods and devices for aerosolizing medicament
US20060011737A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2006-01-19 Sara Lee/De B.V. Liquid spray head, apparatus comprising a liquid spray-head and container therefore
CN100406134C (en) * 2002-02-11 2008-07-30 莎拉李公司 Liquid spray head and apparatus comprising the spray head and container
WO2003068412A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2003-08-21 Sara Lee/De N.V. Liquid spray-head, apparatus comprising a liquid spray-head and container therefore
US20030232020A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-12-18 Peter York Particulate materials
US8273330B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2012-09-25 Nektar Therapeutics Particulate materials
US9700529B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2017-07-11 Nektar Therapeutics Particulate materials
US10188614B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2019-01-29 Nektar Therapeutics Particulate materials
US10945972B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2021-03-16 Nektar Therapeutics Particulate materials
US7771642B2 (en) 2002-05-20 2010-08-10 Novartis Ag Methods of making an apparatus for providing aerosol for medical treatment
US20050178847A1 (en) * 2002-05-20 2005-08-18 Aerogen, Inc. Methods of making an apparatus for providing aerosol for medical treatment
US20040018696A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-01-29 Karsten Wieczorek Method of filling an opening in a material layer with an insulating material
US20110155768A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2011-06-30 Pari Pharma Gmbh Fluid droplet production apparatus and method
US8511581B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2013-08-20 Pari Pharma Gmbh Fluid droplet production apparatus and method
US20060097068A1 (en) * 2002-08-02 2006-05-11 Markus Urich Fluid droplet production apparatus and method
US7931212B2 (en) * 2002-08-02 2011-04-26 Pari Pharma Gmbh Fluid droplet production apparatus and method
US20040140374A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-22 Nektar Therapeutics Prefilming atomizer
US7967221B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2011-06-28 Novartis Ag Prefilming atomizer
US8616464B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2013-12-31 Novartis Ag Prefilming atomizer
US8616195B2 (en) 2003-07-18 2013-12-31 Novartis Ag Nebuliser for the production of aerosolized medication
US20050011514A1 (en) * 2003-07-18 2005-01-20 Aerogen, Inc. Nebuliser for the production of aerosolized medication
US20050207917A1 (en) * 2004-02-05 2005-09-22 Joachim Koerner Microdosing device
US7584903B2 (en) * 2004-02-05 2009-09-08 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh Microdosing device
US7946291B2 (en) 2004-04-20 2011-05-24 Novartis Ag Ventilation systems and methods employing aerosol generators
US20050229928A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol delivery apparatus and method for pressure-assisted breathing systems
US20050229926A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Aerogen, Inc. Method and composition for the treatment of lung surfactant deficiency or dysfunction
US7201167B2 (en) 2004-04-20 2007-04-10 Aerogen, Inc. Method and composition for the treatment of lung surfactant deficiency or dysfunction
US7267121B2 (en) 2004-04-20 2007-09-11 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol delivery apparatus and method for pressure-assisted breathing systems
US7290541B2 (en) 2004-04-20 2007-11-06 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol delivery apparatus and method for pressure-assisted breathing systems
US20080017198A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2008-01-24 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol delivery apparatus and method for pressure-assisted breathing systems
US9108211B2 (en) * 2005-05-25 2015-08-18 Nektar Therapeutics Vibration systems and methods
US20150340590A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2015-11-26 Nektar Therapeutics Vibration systems and methods
US20090134235A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2009-05-28 Aerogen, Inc. Vibration Systems and Methods
US20070028662A1 (en) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-08 Qiang Wei Wide range constant concentration particle generating system
US7387038B2 (en) * 2005-07-29 2008-06-17 Horiba Instruments, Inc. Wide range constant concentration particle generating system
US20070044792A1 (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-01 Aerogen, Inc. Aerosol generators with enhanced corrosion resistance
US8371290B2 (en) * 2007-10-16 2013-02-12 General Electric Company Device for delivery and regulation of volatile fluids into inspiratory gas
US20090095288A1 (en) * 2007-10-16 2009-04-16 Haveri Heikki Antti Mikael Device for delivery and regulation of volatile fluids into inspiratory gas
US8348177B2 (en) 2008-06-17 2013-01-08 Davicon Corporation Liquid dispensing apparatus using a passive liquid metering method
US20090308945A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-17 Jacob Loverich Liquid dispensing apparatus using a passive liquid metering method
US9028131B2 (en) * 2010-10-05 2015-05-12 Universiti Putra Malaysia Method and apparatus for high intensity ultrasonic treatment of baking materials
US20130189407A1 (en) * 2010-10-05 2013-07-25 Universiti Putra Malaysia Method and apparatus for high intensity ultrasonic treatment of baking materials
US8691022B1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-04-08 Lam Research Ag Method and apparatus for processing wafer-shaped articles
US9548221B2 (en) 2012-12-18 2017-01-17 Lam Research Ag Method and apparatus for processing wafer-shaped articles
WO2015091171A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Koninklijke Philips N.V. An assembly for use in liquid a droplet apparatus
CN105828956A (en) * 2013-12-19 2016-08-03 皇家飞利浦有限公司 An assembly for use in liquid a droplet apparatus
WO2015091227A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Koninklijke Philips N.V. An assembly for use in a liquid droplet apparatus
US10864542B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2020-12-15 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Assembly for use in a liquid droplet apparatus
RU2675912C1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2018-12-25 Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. Device for use in liquid droplet apparatus
US9895707B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2018-02-20 Msp Corporation Method and apparatus for generating monodisperse aerosols
US10799652B2 (en) 2015-01-08 2020-10-13 Convexity Scientific Inc. Nebulizer device
CN105499048A (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-04-20 江苏大学 Gas-assisted type low-frequency electrostatic ultrasonic atomization nozzle
CN105499048B (en) * 2016-01-19 2018-05-11 江苏大学 A kind of gas helps formula low frequency electrostatic ultrasonic atomizing nozzle
US10563874B2 (en) * 2016-08-26 2020-02-18 Corrigan Corporation Of America Humidification system
US10508821B2 (en) * 2016-08-26 2019-12-17 Corrigan Corporation Of America Humidification system
CN106513232B (en) * 2016-12-01 2019-04-30 江苏大学 A kind of ultra-fine straight line droplet flow generating apparatus of low frequency ultrasound
CN106513232A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-03-22 江苏大学 Low-frequency ultrasonic superfine straight fog drop flow producing device
US20180193868A1 (en) * 2017-01-09 2018-07-12 Precision Machinery Research Development Center Ultrasonic spray coating module
CN110976181A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-04-10 湖南嘉业达电子有限公司 Energy-gathering piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet
CN110976181B (en) * 2019-11-25 2021-02-02 湖南嘉业达电子有限公司 Energy-gathering piezoelectric ceramic atomizing sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4961706A (en) 1974-06-14
JPS5247572B2 (en) 1977-12-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3790079A (en) Method and apparatus for generating monodisperse aerosol
US3392916A (en) Ultrasonic atomizer
US4380786A (en) Electrostatic atomizing device
AU737688B2 (en) Device and method for creating dry particles
US6174469B1 (en) Device and method for creating dry particles
US3413545A (en) Apparatus and method for determining aerosol particle concentration and particle size distribution
US4629119A (en) Electrostatic isolation apparatus and method
US4581675A (en) Electrostatic atomizing device
JPS57209664A (en) Method of mixing and atomizing liquid
US3841530A (en) Powder feeder
US3987937A (en) Powder feeder and methods for transporting particulate material
US7654222B2 (en) Fluidized bed apparatus
US2900138A (en) Metal powder welding apparatus
US3501062A (en) Powder dispensing device
JP5060726B2 (en) Spray nozzle and insert
IE841785L (en) Electrostatic spraying of liquids
Sato Formation of uniformly sized liquid droplets using spinning disk under applied electrostatic field
CN216572994U (en) Submicron monodisperse aerosol generating device and system
CA1221854A (en) Observation chamber for a powdered material
US2862889A (en) Deagglomerator
JPH05330666A (en) Orifice type powder feeder with micro-outflow quantity adjusting function
Mitchell et al. Improvements to the vibrating orifice aerosol generator
JPS61202139A (en) Reference particle attaching apparatus
US20070295835A1 (en) Device and System for Producing Individual Droplets from Liquids Having Different Viscosity in Gaseous and/or Liquid Media
SU1053891A1 (en) Powder sprayer of cyclical action