US3825122A - Reverse-osmosis pump - Google Patents

Reverse-osmosis pump Download PDF

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US3825122A
US3825122A US00369034A US36903473A US3825122A US 3825122 A US3825122 A US 3825122A US 00369034 A US00369034 A US 00369034A US 36903473 A US36903473 A US 36903473A US 3825122 A US3825122 A US 3825122A
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fluid
valve
piston rod
conduit means
chambers
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J Taylor
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/109—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers
    • F04B9/111—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members
    • F04B9/113—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members reciprocating movement of the pumping members being obtained by a double-acting liquid motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/06—Energy recovery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/24—Specific pressurizing or depressurizing means
    • B01D2313/246—Energy recovery means

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A multiple stage pump comprising a main chamber, a booster chamber and a driving chamber each having a piston therein with the pistons interconnected by a common piston rod for reciprocating the pistons in unison.
  • Main conduit means connects the main chamber with a fluid supply and the inlet of a reverseosmosis device.
  • Second conduit means connects the fluid reject discharge port of the reverse-osmosis device with the booster chamber.
  • Hydraulic pump means including a pressure compensated pump and hydraulic conduits connected with a hydraulic fluid reservoir is connected with the driving chamber. Control means actuated by the reciprocating action of the piston rod operates valve devices in the hydraulic-conduits and second conduits to maintain a continuous flow of fluid, under a predetermined pressure, fromthe main chamber to the reverse-osmosis device.
  • the present invention relates to fluid pumps and more particularly to a hydraulically driven mu'lti-stage pump for a hollow-fibepreverse-osmosis device which utilizes the kinetic energy of a pressurized stream of reject fluid as a booster in driving the pump.
  • the principle of reverse-osmosis is used to separate components of fluid, such as fractionating a salts solution, brackish water, for example, into a relatively saltfree effluentand a saltsconcentrated effluent. This is accomplished by subjecting the fluidfeed to a pressure higher than its osmotic pressure and bringing it into contact with a semipermeable membrane in a container so that the pressure drives'water ions through the membrane.
  • the reject salts-concentrated water, under proportionate pressure, is discharged from the container.
  • This invention is distinctive over hydraulically operated pumps presently in use by providing a plurality of axially aligned cylinders, each having a piston therein connected with'a piston rod common to all cylinders I and forming a main pumping chamber and abooster pumping chamber with the booster pumping force supplemented by a hydraulic pumping means connected with a third cylinder.
  • a plurality of axially aligned cylinders form a main pumping chamber, a booster chamber, and a hydraulic chamber, eachhaving a piston therein reciprocated in unisonby a piston rod common to all pistons and cylinders.
  • Main conduit means connect the main chamber with a source of fluid supply with the output of the main chamber connected to a reverse-osmosis load device.
  • Secondary conduit means connects the booster chamber with a pressurized stream of reject fluid from the load device through a first two-position valve device.
  • Hydraulic conduit means connects the hydraulic cylinder with a pressure compensated hydraulic pump, connected with a hydraulic-reservoir, through a second 2 or stream of fluid under apredetermined pressure for a reverse-osmosis load device wherein a pressurized stream of reject fluid, from the load device, is utilized in driving a piston in a booster cylinder which is supplemented by hydraulic pumping means for driving the piston of a main pump.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the pump connected .with a reverse-osmosis device
  • the reference numeral 10 indicates a reverseosmosis device which fractionates a salts solution, for example brackish water, into a relatively saltfree effluent and a salts-concentrated effluent.
  • the device 10 includes a container 12 having end walls 14 and containing membranes consisting of very fine hollow fibers (85 microns outside diameter), not shown. The general chemical description of these fibers is disclosed in US.
  • the fibers are assembled within the container 12 in a manner similar to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with the fibers representing the tubes and the container 12 forming the shell.
  • the fractionating action is accomplished by subjecting the feed supply to a pressure higher than its osmotic pressure and forcing it into the container 12 through an inlet opening 16 for contact with the semipermeable membrane walls of the fibers wherein the applied pressure drives water, but relatively few salt ions, inwardly through the individual fiber walls leaving a concentrated salts solution.
  • the concentrated salts solution hereinafter called The above described device 10 is conventional and two-position valve device.
  • Valve control means operated by the reciprocating piston rod,- at the respectiveend of its travel, shifts the first and second two-position valve devices so that a stream of reject fluid under pressure from the load device cooperates with the hydraulic pump means,"as a pump booster force, for maintaining a predetermined pressure of fluid supplied to the load device.
  • the principle object of this invention is to provide a hydraulic pumping system maintaining a constant flow forms no part of the present invention but is included to illustrate the manner in which the feed solution passing through the'device 10 cooperates with the below described pumping system.
  • the reference numeral 25 indicates the pumping system, as a whole, comprising a plurality of axially aligned cylinders 26, 28, 30 and 32, respectively, provided with end plates 34-36, 38-40, 42-44 and 46 with the end plate 44 common to the cylinders 30 and 32. Diametrically the cylinders 28 and 30 are smaller than the cylinders 26 and 32.
  • the cylinders 26, 28, 30 and 32 respectively, form a master or main pumping chamber 48, a booster chamber 50, a hydraulic pumping chamber 52 and a-hydraulic fluid reservoir 54.
  • the reservoir 54 contains a supply of hydraulic fluid 56 which may be replenished through a filler opening 57.
  • the cylinders 26, 28, 30 and 32 are connected in axially aligned relation by elongated bolts 58, or the like, extending through the respective cylinder end plates.
  • Pistons 60, 62 and 64 are disposed within the respective cylinders 26, 28 and 30.
  • a piston rod 66 extends coaxially through the cylinders 26, 28 and 30 and through the respective end plates 34-36, 38-40 and 42-44 and is coaxially secured to the respective piston 60, 62 and 64.
  • One end portion 68 of the piston rod projects into the reservoir 54 while the other end portion 70 of the piston rod projects beyond the cylinder end plate 34 and has a stop 72 secured thereto.
  • the piston rod is sealed, with the respective end plate through which it projects, as by O-rings, as shown, and similarly the respective piston is provided with O-rings or seals, not shown, for forming a seal with the inner wall surface of the respective cylinders.
  • Each of the cylinder end plates 34-36, 38-40 and 42-44 are provided with combination inlet-outlet ports 74-76, 78-80 and 82-84 communicating with the respective ends of the chambers 48, 50 and 52.
  • Main conduit means 86 forms a conduit header having conduit end portions 88 and 90 connected with the main chamber inlet-outlet ports 74 and 76, respectively.
  • a pair of double check valves 92 and 94 are respectively interposed in cross conduits connected with the conduits 88 and 90.
  • a supply conduit 95 connects a source of fluid supply, not shown, with the double check valve 92 through a filter F.
  • Another conduit 96 connects the output of the double check valve 94 with a pressurized fluid receiving header 98 connected to the reverse-osmosis container 12 inlet 16 by a tube 100.
  • Secondary conduit means 102 comprises one conduit 104 connected at one end with the booster chamber inlet-outlet port 80 and connected at its other end with a reject fluid header 106 in turn connected with the reverse-osmosis container 12 outlet or fluid reject discharge port 18.
  • the other conduit 108 of the secondary conduit means is connected at one end with the booster chamber inlet-outlet port 78 with the other end of the conduit 108 discharging reject fluid as waste.
  • a first two-position valve means 110 is interposed in the secondary conduits 104 and 108 for controlling the direction of flow of reject fluid to the respective ends of the booster chamber 50.
  • Hydraulic pump means 112 comprising a pressure compensated pump P, driven by a motor M, is connected, by hydraulic conduit means 114, with the reservoir 54 and hydraulic pumping chamber 52.
  • the hydraulic conduit means 114 comprises a supply conduit 116 connecting the reservoir 54 outlet 117 to the intake side of the pump P.
  • the hydraulic output side of the pump P is connected by a conduit 118 to the inletoutlet port 84 of the chamber 52.
  • Another tube 120 is connected at one end with the chamber 52 inlet-outlet port 82 and to the fluid reservoir 54 inlet 124 at its other end.
  • a second two-position valve device 122 is interposed in the conduits 118 and 120 to control the direction of flow from the pump P and from the inletoutlet ports of the chamber 52 and return the hydraulic fluid to the reservoir return port 124.
  • An adjustable pressure release or relief valve R is interposed in a bypass conduit 126 connected at its respective ends with the conduits 118 and 120 between the pump P and the two-position valve 122 for the purposes. readily apparent.
  • Solenoids 128-130 and 132-134 are connected respectively with the two-position valves 110 and 122 with one terminal of each solenoid grounded.
  • a pair of normally open limit switches 136 and 138 are disposed in spaced-apart relation in the path of and at the respective end limits of travel of the piston rod 66 to be contacted and closed by the stop 72 when the piston rod approaches its limit of travel in respective directions.
  • a wire 140 connects a source of electrical energy, not shown, with one terminal of each of the limit switches 136 and 138.
  • a second wire 142 is connected at one end portion with the solenoids 130 and 134 and is connected at its other end in series with the wire 140 through the limit switch 136.
  • Another wire 144 is similarly connected at one end portion with the solenoids 128 and 132 and at its other end in series with the source wire 140 through the limit switch 138.
  • the reject fluid in the chamber 50, to the right of the piston 62, is exhausted to waste through the secondary conduit 108 in the direction of the arrows.
  • the pump P is forcing hydraulic fluid 56 at constant pressure through the hydraulic conduit 118 into the hydraulic chamber 52 through its inletoutlet port 84 while hydraulic fluid in the other end of the chamber 52 is returned to the reservoir 54 through the hydraulic conduit 120.
  • the hydraulic pump P pressure output control 145 is either manually set, for a predetermined pressure output of the pump P or is connected, as by tubing, not shown, with the main conduit 96 according to the type of hydraulic pressure compensated pump used.
  • the stop 72 closes the limit switch 138 energizing the solenoids 128 and 132 thus simultaneously shifting the two-position valves and 122 so that the direction of flow of fluid to and from the respective chambers 48, 50 and 52 is reversed and continues, thus moving the respective piston toward the left, until the stop 72 contacts and closes the limit switch 136 by movement of the. piston rod 66 toward the left, as viewed in FIG. 2.
  • the limit switch 136 When the limit switch 136 is closed it energizes the solenoids and 134 thus shifting the two-position valves 110 and 122 to their position at the beginning of this cycle of operation.
  • the two-position valve devices may be controlled by mechanical means
  • valve control means such as linkage, not shown, actuated by the piston rod 66 for shifting the two-position valves, if desired.
  • other type valve control means such as piston equipped pneumatic or hydraulic valves replacing the limit switches and solenoids, respectively.
  • a hydraulic pumping system comprising:
  • a plurality of axially aligned cylinders forming a like plurality of pumping chambers each having inletoutlet ports and each having a piston therein;
  • main conduit means connected for directly receiving the fluid pumped from one of said chambers
  • a varying load device having an inlet connected to the main conduit means'whereby a constant fluid pressure is established in the main conduit means
  • said load device having an outlet discharging a fluid stream under pressure proportionate to the fluid pressure established in said main conduit means;
  • second conduit means having a first valve device therein connecting the pressurized fluid stream with a second one of said chambers and for discharging said latter fluid after passing into and out of said second chamber;
  • hydraulic conduit means having a second valve device therein connectingsaid hydraulic pump means with a third one of said chambers;
  • valve control means connected with said valve devicesand actuated by said piston rod as it approaches the end of its movement in respective directions for driving the pistons in said second and said third chambers in a reciprocating action.
  • a pressure compensated hydraulic pump for driving the piston in said third chamber and maintaining the fluid pressure in said main conduit means constant.
  • valve control means includes:
  • valve shifting means connected with each said twoposition valve and actuated by said stop in response to longitudinal reciprocating movement of said piston rod for shifting said two-position valves in unison with each other.
  • a plurality of axially aligned cylinders forming a like plurality of pumping chambers each having inletoutlet ports and each having a piston therein;
  • main conduit means connected for directly receiving the fluid pumped from one of said chambers
  • second conduit means having a first valve device therein connecting the outlet opening of said container with a second one of said chambers and for discharging the reject fluid after passing into and out of said second chamber;
  • hydraulic conduit means having a second valve device therein connecting said hydraulic pump means with a third one of said chambers;
  • valve control means connected with said valve devices and actuated by said piston rod as it approaches the end of its movement in respective directions for driving the pistons in said second and third chambers in a reciprocating action.
  • said hydraulic pump means includes:
  • a pressure compensated pump responsive to the fluid pressure in said main conduit means for driving the piston in said third chamber and maintaining the fluid pressure in said main conduit means constant.

Abstract

A multiple stage pump comprising a main chamber, a booster chamber and a driving chamber each having a piston therein with the pistons interconnected by a common piston rod for reciprocating the pistons in unison. Main conduit means connects the main chamber with a fluid supply and the inlet of a reverseosmosis device. Second conduit means connects the fluid reject discharge port of the reverse-osmosis device with the booster chamber. Hydraulic pump means including a pressure compensated pump and hydraulic conduits connected with a hydraulic fluid reservoir is connected with the driving chamber. Control means actuated by the reciprocating action of the piston rod operates valve devices in the hydraulic conduits and second conduits to maintain a continuous flow of fluid, under a predetermined pressure, from the main chamber to the reverse-osmosis device.

Description

ite States Patent 'laylor i I REVERSE-OSMOSIS PUMP [76] Inventor: Julian S. Taylor, 8300 S.W.8,
Oklahoma City, Okla. 73108 [22] Filed: June 11, 1973 [21] Appl. No.2 369,034
52 U.s.c1... ..210/134,210/136,2l0/137, 210/321, 417/323, 417/401, 417/404 51 1111.01 B01d 31/00 [58] Field of Search 417/323, 390, 401,404,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,530,873 9/1970 Arp ..417/404X 3,700,360 10/1972 Shaddock ..4l7/390X Primary Examiner-Frank A. Spear, Jr, 7 Assistant ExaminerFerris H. Lander Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Robert K. Rhea 1111 3,825,122 14 1 Jul /23,1974
[5 7] ABSTRACT A multiple stage pump comprising a main chamber, a booster chamber and a driving chamber each having a piston therein with the pistons interconnected by a common piston rod for reciprocating the pistons in unison. Main conduit means connects the main chamber with a fluid supply and the inlet of a reverseosmosis device. Second conduit means connects the fluid reject discharge port of the reverse-osmosis device with the booster chamber. Hydraulic pump means including a pressure compensated pump and hydraulic conduits connected with a hydraulic fluid reservoir is connected with the driving chamber. Control means actuated by the reciprocating action of the piston rod operates valve devices in the hydraulic-conduits and second conduits to maintain a continuous flow of fluid, under a predetermined pressure, fromthe main chamber to the reverse-osmosis device.
10 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PATENIEUJUL23I9H sum 2 or 2 FlG.2
REVERSE-OSMOSIS, PUMP' BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of thelnvention. v
The present invention relates to fluid pumps and more particularly to a hydraulically driven mu'lti-stage pump for a hollow-fibepreverse-osmosis device which utilizes the kinetic energy of a pressurized stream of reject fluid as a booster in driving the pump.
The principle of reverse-osmosis is used to separate components of fluid, such as fractionating a salts solution, brackish water, for example, into a relatively saltfree effluentand a saltsconcentrated effluent. This is accomplished by subjecting the fluidfeed to a pressure higher than its osmotic pressure and bringing it into contact with a semipermeable membrane in a container so that the pressure drives'water ions through the membrane. The reject salts-concentrated water, under proportionate pressure, is discharged from the container.
- erated pump is disclosed by US. Pat. No. 2,500,624
which utilizes a spring at one end of the main cylinder for returning the piston therein to the downwardly disposed end thereof. j, I
This invention is distinctive over hydraulically operated pumps presently in use by providing a plurality of axially aligned cylinders, each having a piston therein connected with'a piston rod common to all cylinders I and forming a main pumping chamber and abooster pumping chamber with the booster pumping force supplemented by a hydraulic pumping means connected with a third cylinder.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A plurality of axially aligned cylinders form a main pumping chamber, a booster chamber, and a hydraulic chamber, eachhaving a piston therein reciprocated in unisonby a piston rod common to all pistons and cylinders. Main conduit means, connect the main chamber with a source of fluid supply with the output of the main chamber connected to a reverse-osmosis load device. Secondary conduit means connects the booster chamber with a pressurized stream of reject fluid from the load device through a first two-position valve device. Hydraulic conduit means connects the hydraulic cylinder with a pressure compensated hydraulic pump, connected with a hydraulic-reservoir, through a second 2 or stream of fluid under apredetermined pressure for a reverse-osmosis load device wherein a pressurized stream of reject fluid, from the load device, is utilized in driving a piston in a booster cylinder which is supplemented by hydraulic pumping means for driving the piston of a main pump.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the pump connected .with a reverse-osmosis device; and,
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT I Like characters of reference designate like parts in those figures of the drawings in which they occur.
In the drawings:
The reference numeral 10 indicates a reverseosmosis device which fractionates a salts solution, for example brackish water, into a relatively saltfree effluent and a salts-concentrated effluent. The device 10 includes a container 12 having end walls 14 and containing membranes consisting of very fine hollow fibers (85 microns outside diameter), not shown. The general chemical description of these fibers is disclosed in US.
Pat. No. 3,567,632. The fibers are assembled within the container 12 in a manner similar to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with the fibers representing the tubes and the container 12 forming the shell. The fractionating action is accomplished by subjecting the feed supply to a pressure higher than its osmotic pressure and forcing it into the container 12 through an inlet opening 16 for contact with the semipermeable membrane walls of the fibers wherein the applied pressure drives water, but relatively few salt ions, inwardly through the individual fiber walls leaving a concentrated salts solution. The concentrated salts solution, hereinafter called The above described device 10 is conventional and two-position valve device. Valve control means, operated by the reciprocating piston rod,- at the respectiveend of its travel, shifts the first and second two-position valve devices so that a stream of reject fluid under pressure from the load device cooperates with the hydraulic pump means,"as a pump booster force, for maintaining a predetermined pressure of fluid supplied to the load device.
I The principle object of this invention is to provide a hydraulic pumping system maintaining a constant flow forms no part of the present invention but is included to illustrate the manner in which the feed solution passing through the'device 10 cooperates with the below described pumping system.
The reference numeral 25 indicates the pumping system, as a whole, comprising a plurality of axially aligned cylinders 26, 28, 30 and 32, respectively, provided with end plates 34-36, 38-40, 42-44 and 46 with the end plate 44 common to the cylinders 30 and 32. Diametrically the cylinders 28 and 30 are smaller than the cylinders 26 and 32. The cylinders 26, 28, 30 and 32, respectively, form a master or main pumping chamber 48, a booster chamber 50, a hydraulic pumping chamber 52 and a-hydraulic fluid reservoir 54. The reservoir 54 contains a supply of hydraulic fluid 56 which may be replenished through a filler opening 57. The cylinders 26, 28, 30 and 32 are connected in axially aligned relation by elongated bolts 58, or the like, extending through the respective cylinder end plates. Pistons 60, 62 and 64 are disposed within the respective cylinders 26, 28 and 30. A piston rod 66 extends coaxially through the cylinders 26, 28 and 30 and through the respective end plates 34-36, 38-40 and 42-44 and is coaxially secured to the respective piston 60, 62 and 64. One end portion 68 of the piston rod projects into the reservoir 54 while the other end portion 70 of the piston rod projects beyond the cylinder end plate 34 and has a stop 72 secured thereto. The piston rod is sealed, with the respective end plate through which it projects, as by O-rings, as shown, and similarly the respective piston is provided with O-rings or seals, not shown, for forming a seal with the inner wall surface of the respective cylinders. Each of the cylinder end plates 34-36, 38-40 and 42-44 are provided with combination inlet-outlet ports 74-76, 78-80 and 82-84 communicating with the respective ends of the chambers 48, 50 and 52.
Main conduit means 86 forms a conduit header having conduit end portions 88 and 90 connected with the main chamber inlet- outlet ports 74 and 76, respectively. A pair of double check valves 92 and 94 are respectively interposed in cross conduits connected with the conduits 88 and 90. A supply conduit 95 connects a source of fluid supply, not shown, with the double check valve 92 through a filter F. Another conduit 96 connects the output of the double check valve 94 with a pressurized fluid receiving header 98 connected to the reverse-osmosis container 12 inlet 16 by a tube 100.
Secondary conduit means 102 comprises one conduit 104 connected at one end with the booster chamber inlet-outlet port 80 and connected at its other end with a reject fluid header 106 in turn connected with the reverse-osmosis container 12 outlet or fluid reject discharge port 18. The other conduit 108 of the secondary conduit means is connected at one end with the booster chamber inlet-outlet port 78 with the other end of the conduit 108 discharging reject fluid as waste. A first two-position valve means 110 is interposed in the secondary conduits 104 and 108 for controlling the direction of flow of reject fluid to the respective ends of the booster chamber 50.
Hydraulic pump means 112, comprising a pressure compensated pump P, driven by a motor M, is connected, by hydraulic conduit means 114, with the reservoir 54 and hydraulic pumping chamber 52. The hydraulic conduit means 114 comprises a supply conduit 116 connecting the reservoir 54 outlet 117 to the intake side of the pump P. The hydraulic output side of the pump P is connected by a conduit 118 to the inletoutlet port 84 of the chamber 52. Another tube 120 is connected at one end with the chamber 52 inlet-outlet port 82 and to the fluid reservoir 54 inlet 124 at its other end. A second two-position valve device 122 is interposed in the conduits 118 and 120 to control the direction of flow from the pump P and from the inletoutlet ports of the chamber 52 and return the hydraulic fluid to the reservoir return port 124. An adjustable pressure release or relief valve R is interposed in a bypass conduit 126 connected at its respective ends with the conduits 118 and 120 between the pump P and the two-position valve 122 for the purposes. readily apparent.
Solenoids 128-130 and 132-134 are connected respectively with the two- position valves 110 and 122 with one terminal of each solenoid grounded. A pair of normally open limit switches 136 and 138 are disposed in spaced-apart relation in the path of and at the respective end limits of travel of the piston rod 66 to be contacted and closed by the stop 72 when the piston rod approaches its limit of travel in respective directions. A wire 140 connects a source of electrical energy, not shown, with one terminal of each of the limit switches 136 and 138. A second wire 142 is connected at one end portion with the solenoids 130 and 134 and is connected at its other end in series with the wire 140 through the limit switch 136. Another wire 144 is similarly connected at one end portion with the solenoids 128 and 132 and at its other end in series with the source wire 140 through the limit switch 138.
OPERATION Assuming the pump 25 is operating and the piston rod 66 is moving toward the right, as viewed in F IG. 2, fluid, under pressure in the main cylinder 48 at its end portion between the piston 60 and end plate 34, flows out of the inlet-outlet port 74 through the conduit 88, check valve 94 to the feed header 98 and into the container l2. Reject fluid under proportionate pressure from the reject fluid header 106 flows through the conduit 104, in the direction of the arrows, into the booster chamber 50 through its inlet-outlet port forcing the piston 62 toward the right, as viewed in the drawings, and supplementing the force applied to the main chamber piston 60. The reject fluid in the chamber 50, to the right of the piston 62, is exhausted to waste through the secondary conduit 108 in the direction of the arrows. During this time the pump P is forcing hydraulic fluid 56 at constant pressure through the hydraulic conduit 118 into the hydraulic chamber 52 through its inletoutlet port 84 while hydraulic fluid in the other end of the chamber 52 is returned to the reservoir 54 through the hydraulic conduit 120. The hydraulic pump P pressure output control 145 is either manually set, for a predetermined pressure output of the pump P or is connected, as by tubing, not shown, with the main conduit 96 according to the type of hydraulic pressure compensated pump used. When the piston rod approaches the end of its travel to the right, as viewed in the drawings, the stop 72 closes the limit switch 138 energizing the solenoids 128 and 132 thus simultaneously shifting the two-position valves and 122 so that the direction of flow of fluid to and from the respective chambers 48, 50 and 52 is reversed and continues, thus moving the respective piston toward the left, until the stop 72 contacts and closes the limit switch 136 by movement of the. piston rod 66 toward the left, as viewed in FIG. 2. When the limit switch 136 is closed it energizes the solenoids and 134 thus shifting the two- position valves 110 and 122 to their position at the beginning of this cycle of operation. Obviously the two-position valve devices may be controlled by mechanical means,
such as linkage, not shown, actuated by the piston rod 66 for shifting the two-position valves, if desired. Similarly other type valve control means may be used, such as piston equipped pneumatic or hydraulic valves replacing the limit switches and solenoids, respectively.
Obviously the invention is susceptible to changes or alterations without defeating its practicability, therefore, I do not wish to be confined to the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings and described herein.
I claim: 1. A hydraulic pumping system, comprising:
a plurality of axially aligned cylinders forming a like plurality of pumping chambers each having inletoutlet ports and each having a piston therein;
a piston rod common to all said cylinders and connected with each said piston for reciprocating said pistons in unison;
main conduit means connected for directly receiving the fluid pumped from one of said chambers;
a varying load device having an inlet connected to the main conduit means'whereby a constant fluid pressure is established in the main conduit means,
said load device having an outlet discharging a fluid stream under pressure proportionate to the fluid pressure established in said main conduit means;
second conduit means having a first valve device therein connecting the pressurized fluid stream with a second one of said chambers and for discharging said latter fluid after passing into and out of said second chamber;
hydraulic pump means;
hydraulic conduit means having a second valve device therein connectingsaid hydraulic pump means with a third one of said chambers; and,
valve control means connected with said valve devicesand actuated by said piston rod as it approaches the end of its movement in respective directions for driving the pistons in said second and said third chambers in a reciprocating action.
2. The pumping system according to claim 1 in which said'hydraulic pump means includes:
a pressure compensated hydraulic pump for driving the piston in said third chamber and maintaining the fluid pressure in said main conduit means constant.
3. The pumping system according to claim 2'in which the first and second valve device each comprises:
a two-position valve.
4. The pumping system according to claim 3 in which one end portion of said piston rod projects beyond one end of said axially aligned cylinders and said valve control means includes:
a stop secured to said one end portion of said piston rod; and,
valve shifting means connected with each said twoposition valve and actuated by said stop in response to longitudinal reciprocating movement of said piston rod for shifting said two-position valves in unison with each other.
5. The pumping system according to claim 2 in which said pressure compensated hydraulic pump is provided with a pressure output control responsive to the fluid pressure in said main conduit means.
6. The pumping system according to claim 2 in which said pressure compensated hydraulic pump is provided with a manually adjustable pressure output control.
7. In combination with a reverse-osmosis device in- 5 eluding a container having an inlet opening for receiving a constant pressurized flow of supply fluid and having an outlet opening discharging a constant flow of reject fluid under pressure proportionate to the supply fluid pressure, the improvement comprising:
a plurality of axially aligned cylinders forming a like plurality of pumping chambers each having inletoutlet ports and each having a piston therein;
a piston rod common to all of said cylinders and connected with each said piston for reciprocating said pistons in unison;
main conduit means connected for directly receiving the fluid pumped from one of said chambers;
second conduit means having a first valve device therein connecting the outlet opening of said container with a second one of said chambers and for discharging the reject fluid after passing into and out of said second chamber;
hydraulic pump means;
hydraulic conduit means having a second valve device therein connecting said hydraulic pump means with a third one of said chambers; and,
valve control means connected with said valve devices and actuated by said piston rod as it approaches the end of its movement in respective directions for driving the pistons in said second and third chambers in a reciprocating action.
8. The combination according to claim 7 in which said hydraulic pump means includes:
a pressure compensated pump responsive to the fluid pressure in said main conduit means for driving the piston in said third chamber and maintaining the fluid pressure in said main conduit means constant.
to longitudinal reciprocating movement of said piston rod for shifting said two-position valves in unison with each other.

Claims (10)

1. A hydraulic pumping system, comprising: a plurality of axially aligned cylinders forming a like plurality of pumping chambers each having inlet-outlet ports and each having a piston therein; a piston rod common to all said cylinders and connected with each said piston for reciprocating said pistons in unison; main conduit means connected for directly receiving the fluid pumped from one of said chambers; a varying load device having an inlet connected to the main conduit means whereby a constant fluid pressure is established in the main conduit means, said load device having an outlet discharging a fluid stream under pressure proportionate to the fluid pressure established in said main conduit means; second conduit means having a first valve device therein connecting the pressurized fluid stream with a second one of said chambers and for discharging said latter fluid after passing into and out of said second chamber; hydraulic pump means; hydraulic conduit means having a second valve device therein connecting said hydraulic pump means with a third one of said chambers; and, valve control means connected with said valve devices and actuated by said piston rod as it approaches the end of its movement in respective directions for driving the pistons in said second and said third chambers in a reciprocating action.
2. The pumping system accordinG to claim 1 in which said hydraulic pump means includes: a pressure compensated hydraulic pump for driving the piston in said third chamber and maintaining the fluid pressure in said main conduit means constant.
3. The pumping system according to claim 2 in which the first and second valve device each comprises: a two-position valve.
4. The pumping system according to claim 3 in which one end portion of said piston rod projects beyond one end of said axially aligned cylinders and said valve control means includes: a stop secured to said one end portion of said piston rod; and, valve shifting means connected with each said two-position valve and actuated by said stop in response to longitudinal reciprocating movement of said piston rod for shifting said two-position valves in unison with each other.
5. The pumping system according to claim 2 in which said pressure compensated hydraulic pump is provided with a pressure output control responsive to the fluid pressure in said main conduit means.
6. The pumping system according to claim 2 in which said pressure compensated hydraulic pump is provided with a manually adjustable pressure output control.
7. In combination with a reverse-osmosis device including a container having an inlet opening for receiving a constant pressurized flow of supply fluid and having an outlet opening discharging a constant flow of reject fluid under pressure proportionate to the supply fluid pressure, the improvement comprising: a plurality of axially aligned cylinders forming a like plurality of pumping chambers each having inlet-outlet ports and each having a piston therein; a piston rod common to all of said cylinders and connected with each said piston for reciprocating said pistons in unison; main conduit means connected for directly receiving the fluid pumped from one of said chambers; second conduit means having a first valve device therein connecting the outlet opening of said container with a second one of said chambers and for discharging the reject fluid after passing into and out of said second chamber; hydraulic pump means; hydraulic conduit means having a second valve device therein connecting said hydraulic pump means with a third one of said chambers; and, valve control means connected with said valve devices and actuated by said piston rod as it approaches the end of its movement in respective directions for driving the pistons in said second and third chambers in a reciprocating action.
8. The combination according to claim 7 in which said hydraulic pump means includes: a pressure compensated pump responsive to the fluid pressure in said main conduit means for driving the piston in said third chamber and maintaining the fluid pressure in said main conduit means constant.
9. The combination according to claim 8 in which the first and second valve devices each comprises: a two-position valve.
10. The combination according to claim 9 in which one end portion of said piston rod projects beyond one end of said axially aligned cylinders and said valve control means includes: a stop secured to said one end portion of said piston rod; and, valve shifting means connected with each said two-position valve and actuated by said stop in response to longitudinal reciprocating movement of said piston rod for shifting said two-position valves in unison with each other.
US00369034A 1973-06-11 1973-06-11 Reverse-osmosis pump Expired - Lifetime US3825122A (en)

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US4054522A (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-10-18 Harry Pinkerton Apparatus for exposing a fluid to a negative pressure
US4124488A (en) * 1976-02-27 1978-11-07 Ocean Water Limited Water purification by reverse osmosis
US4177146A (en) * 1975-05-05 1979-12-04 Camirand Wayne M Methods and apparatus for continuously endowing liquid with mechanical energy by osmosis
US4187173A (en) * 1977-03-28 1980-02-05 Keefer Bowie Reverse osmosis method and apparatus
US4304529A (en) * 1979-09-26 1981-12-08 Horst Gerich Apparatus and method for delivering and metering fluids
DE3141033A1 (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-06-09 SRI International, 94025 Menlo Park, Calif. LIQUID CONVEYING SYSTEM WITH ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE
EP0055981A1 (en) * 1981-01-05 1982-07-14 D. José Luis Ramo Mesple Water desalination system using the reverse osmosis process
EP0059275A1 (en) * 1980-02-20 1982-09-08 Seagold Industries Corporation Reverse osmosis apparatus and method of using integral valve
US4378047A (en) * 1979-02-26 1983-03-29 Elliott Guy R B Device for in situ recovery of gaseous hydrocarbons and steam
US4410429A (en) * 1980-07-07 1983-10-18 Foster-Miller Associates Linear pocket energy exchange device
USRE32144E (en) * 1977-03-28 1986-05-13 Reverse osmosis method and apparatus
US4756830A (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-07-12 Edward Fredkin Pumping apparatus
US4830583A (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-05-16 Sri International Fluid motor-pumping apparatus and system
US4836924A (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-06-06 Solomon Donald F Reverse osmosis system and automatic cycling booster pump therefor
US4856967A (en) * 1987-09-29 1989-08-15 Jones Stanley C Hybrid high pressure pump for gas-liquid permeameters
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US4995793A (en) * 1987-10-21 1991-02-26 Product Research And Development Reverse osmosis system and automatic cycling booster pump therefor
US5000845A (en) * 1987-10-21 1991-03-19 Product Research And Development Reverse osmosis system and automatic cycling booster pump therefor
US5009777A (en) * 1989-05-11 1991-04-23 Solomon Donald F Reverse osmosis and hot water system
US5013198A (en) * 1988-11-30 1991-05-07 Schultz Richard A Air-hydraulic pump with auxiliary pumping means
US5154820A (en) * 1987-10-21 1992-10-13 Product Research And Development Reverse osmosis system with cycled pressure intensifiers
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WO2001005490A1 (en) * 1999-07-20 2001-01-25 Aloys Wobben Method and device for desalting water
WO2002055173A1 (en) * 2001-01-09 2002-07-18 Teknowsmartz Innovations Techn Regenerative, multi-stage, fixed recovery pump for filtration systems
US6491813B2 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-12-10 Schenker Italia S.R.L. Equipment for desalination of water by reverse osmosis with energy recovery
US6558537B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2003-05-06 Miox Corporation Portable hydration system
US6579451B1 (en) * 1998-06-30 2003-06-17 Manuel Barreto Avero Water desalting installation through reverse osmosis with pressurized supply tanks in continuous kinetic cycle
US6736966B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2004-05-18 Miox Corporation Portable water disinfection system
US20040164022A1 (en) * 2003-02-24 2004-08-26 Solomon Donald F. Reverse osmosis system
US20040173528A1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2004-09-09 Miox Corporation Pumps for filtration systems
US20040211676A1 (en) * 2001-07-16 2004-10-28 Miox Corporation Electrolytic cell for surface and point of use disinfection
US20040226873A1 (en) * 2001-07-16 2004-11-18 Miox Corporation Gas drive electrolytic cell
US20060225420A1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2006-10-12 Abdulsalam Al-Mayahi Osmotic energy
US20070125710A1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2007-06-07 Craig Schmitt Non-electric zero waste reverse osmosis water filtering system
US20070128056A1 (en) * 2005-12-05 2007-06-07 Gth Water Systems, Inc. Highly efficient durable fluid pump and method
US7297268B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2007-11-20 Miox Corporation Dual head pump driven filtration system
US20090159436A1 (en) * 2007-12-25 2009-06-25 Mikuni Corporation Electrolyzed water generating and spraying device
US20090223897A1 (en) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-10 Peter Villeneuve Method for the Rejection of Boron from Seawater in a Reverse Osmosis System
US20090283417A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-19 Miox Corporation Electrolytic Cell with Gas Driven Pumping
US20100037967A1 (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-02-18 Shun-Tsung Lu Feeding device for liquid materials
US20100086420A1 (en) * 2007-01-08 2010-04-08 Enrique Del Pozo Polidoro System for impelling a fluid by recirculation from a low-pressure medium to a high-pressure medium
US20120057997A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2012-03-08 General Compression, Inc. Systems and methods for optimizing thermal efficiencey of a compressed air energy storage system
US20120152558A1 (en) * 2009-05-26 2012-06-21 Framo Engineering As Heat transport dead leg
US8455010B1 (en) 2007-10-31 2013-06-04 Reoxcyn Discoveries Group, Inc Product and method for producing an immune system supplement and performance enhancer
US8522538B2 (en) 2011-11-11 2013-09-03 General Compression, Inc. Systems and methods for compressing and/or expanding a gas utilizing a bi-directional piston and hydraulic actuator
US8663705B2 (en) 2007-10-30 2014-03-04 Reoxcyn Discoveries Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a stabilized antimicrobial non-toxic electrolyzed saline solution exhibiting potential as a therapeutic
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US9255336B2 (en) 2007-10-31 2016-02-09 Reoxcyn Discoveries Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a stabilized antimicrobial non-toxic electrolyzed saline solution exhibiting potential as a therapeutic
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US4177146A (en) * 1975-05-05 1979-12-04 Camirand Wayne M Methods and apparatus for continuously endowing liquid with mechanical energy by osmosis
US4054522A (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-10-18 Harry Pinkerton Apparatus for exposing a fluid to a negative pressure
US4124488A (en) * 1976-02-27 1978-11-07 Ocean Water Limited Water purification by reverse osmosis
US4187173A (en) * 1977-03-28 1980-02-05 Keefer Bowie Reverse osmosis method and apparatus
USRE32144E (en) * 1977-03-28 1986-05-13 Reverse osmosis method and apparatus
US4378047A (en) * 1979-02-26 1983-03-29 Elliott Guy R B Device for in situ recovery of gaseous hydrocarbons and steam
US4304529A (en) * 1979-09-26 1981-12-08 Horst Gerich Apparatus and method for delivering and metering fluids
EP0059275A1 (en) * 1980-02-20 1982-09-08 Seagold Industries Corporation Reverse osmosis apparatus and method of using integral valve
US4410429A (en) * 1980-07-07 1983-10-18 Foster-Miller Associates Linear pocket energy exchange device
US4637783A (en) * 1980-10-20 1987-01-20 Sri International Fluid motor-pumping apparatus and method for energy recovery
DE3141033A1 (en) * 1980-10-20 1982-06-09 SRI International, 94025 Menlo Park, Calif. LIQUID CONVEYING SYSTEM WITH ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE
EP0055981A1 (en) * 1981-01-05 1982-07-14 D. José Luis Ramo Mesple Water desalination system using the reverse osmosis process
USRE33135E (en) * 1984-08-10 1989-12-26 Recovery Engineering Pump apparatus
EP0292267A3 (en) * 1987-05-18 1990-01-31 Edward Fredkin Pumping apparatus and method
EP0292267A2 (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-11-23 Edward Fredkin Pumping apparatus and method
US4756830A (en) * 1987-05-18 1988-07-12 Edward Fredkin Pumping apparatus
US4856967A (en) * 1987-09-29 1989-08-15 Jones Stanley C Hybrid high pressure pump for gas-liquid permeameters
US5193988A (en) * 1987-10-21 1993-03-16 Product Research And Development Reverse osmosis system and automatic cycling booster pump therefor
US4995793A (en) * 1987-10-21 1991-02-26 Product Research And Development Reverse osmosis system and automatic cycling booster pump therefor
US5000845A (en) * 1987-10-21 1991-03-19 Product Research And Development Reverse osmosis system and automatic cycling booster pump therefor
US5154820A (en) * 1987-10-21 1992-10-13 Product Research And Development Reverse osmosis system with cycled pressure intensifiers
US4836924A (en) * 1987-10-21 1989-06-06 Solomon Donald F Reverse osmosis system and automatic cycling booster pump therefor
US4830583A (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-05-16 Sri International Fluid motor-pumping apparatus and system
US5013198A (en) * 1988-11-30 1991-05-07 Schultz Richard A Air-hydraulic pump with auxiliary pumping means
US5009777A (en) * 1989-05-11 1991-04-23 Solomon Donald F Reverse osmosis and hot water system
US5380428A (en) * 1992-04-22 1995-01-10 Product Research & Development Pump for reverse osmosis system
US5244361A (en) * 1992-04-22 1993-09-14 Product Research And Development Pump for reverse osmosis system
US5256279A (en) * 1992-07-02 1993-10-26 Carr-Griff, Inc. Liquid storage system with unpressurized reservoir engagable with level sensors
US5500113A (en) * 1993-10-13 1996-03-19 Shurflo Pump Manufacturing Co. Reverse osmosis water system
FR2732727A1 (en) * 1995-04-04 1996-10-11 2M Small scale reverse osmosis water purification
WO1997021483A1 (en) * 1995-12-13 1997-06-19 Aloys Wobben Process for desalinating water and a suitable device
US6017200A (en) * 1997-08-12 2000-01-25 Science Applications International Corporation Integrated pumping and/or energy recovery system
FR2774309A1 (en) * 1998-01-30 1999-08-06 Bernard Marinzet Desalination by reverse osmosis, with reduced energy use
US6579451B1 (en) * 1998-06-30 2003-06-17 Manuel Barreto Avero Water desalting installation through reverse osmosis with pressurized supply tanks in continuous kinetic cycle
US6062308A (en) * 1998-07-15 2000-05-16 Atlantic Richfield Company Well header for use in frigid environments
FR2790040A1 (en) 1999-02-23 2000-08-25 2M Double balanced rotary pump for reverse osmosis water purification comprises two rotating cylinders containing axial pistons having specified displacement in the barrels
WO2000050773A2 (en) 1999-02-23 2000-08-31 2 M Double displacement pump
US6558537B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2003-05-06 Miox Corporation Portable hydration system
US7244357B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2007-07-17 Miox Corporation Pumps for filtration systems
US7297268B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2007-11-20 Miox Corporation Dual head pump driven filtration system
US20040173528A1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2004-09-09 Miox Corporation Pumps for filtration systems
US6736966B2 (en) 1999-05-25 2004-05-18 Miox Corporation Portable water disinfection system
FR2795141A1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-22 Bernard Marinzet PISTON PUMP, METHOD AND INSTALLATION OF WATER FILTRATION
US6652741B1 (en) 1999-06-15 2003-11-25 Bernard Marinzet Piston pump, method and installation for filtering water
WO2001005490A1 (en) * 1999-07-20 2001-01-25 Aloys Wobben Method and device for desalting water
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US6841076B1 (en) 1999-07-20 2005-01-11 Aloys Wobben Method and device for desalting water
US6491813B2 (en) * 2000-02-02 2002-12-10 Schenker Italia S.R.L. Equipment for desalination of water by reverse osmosis with energy recovery
WO2002055173A1 (en) * 2001-01-09 2002-07-18 Teknowsmartz Innovations Techn Regenerative, multi-stage, fixed recovery pump for filtration systems
US7740749B2 (en) 2001-07-16 2010-06-22 Miox Corporation Gas drive electrolytic cell
US20040211676A1 (en) * 2001-07-16 2004-10-28 Miox Corporation Electrolytic cell for surface and point of use disinfection
US20040226873A1 (en) * 2001-07-16 2004-11-18 Miox Corporation Gas drive electrolytic cell
US7005075B2 (en) 2001-07-16 2006-02-28 Miox Corporation Gas drive electrolytic cell
US7008523B2 (en) 2001-07-16 2006-03-07 Miox Corporation Electrolytic cell for surface and point of use disinfection
US20060157342A1 (en) * 2001-07-16 2006-07-20 Miox Corporation Gas drive electrolytic cell
US20040164022A1 (en) * 2003-02-24 2004-08-26 Solomon Donald F. Reverse osmosis system
US20090091139A1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2009-04-09 Abdulsalam Al-Mayahi Osmotic energy
US20060225420A1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2006-10-12 Abdulsalam Al-Mayahi Osmotic energy
US8099958B2 (en) 2003-08-13 2012-01-24 Surrey Aquatechnology Limited Osmotic energy
US20070125710A1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2007-06-07 Craig Schmitt Non-electric zero waste reverse osmosis water filtering system
US20070128056A1 (en) * 2005-12-05 2007-06-07 Gth Water Systems, Inc. Highly efficient durable fluid pump and method
WO2007102899A2 (en) 2005-12-05 2007-09-13 Gth Water Systems, Inc. Highly efficient durable fluid pump and method
US7927082B2 (en) 2005-12-05 2011-04-19 Gth Water Systems, Inc. Highly efficient durable fluid pump and method
US20100086420A1 (en) * 2007-01-08 2010-04-08 Enrique Del Pozo Polidoro System for impelling a fluid by recirculation from a low-pressure medium to a high-pressure medium
US8663705B2 (en) 2007-10-30 2014-03-04 Reoxcyn Discoveries Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a stabilized antimicrobial non-toxic electrolyzed saline solution exhibiting potential as a therapeutic
US9255336B2 (en) 2007-10-31 2016-02-09 Reoxcyn Discoveries Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for producing a stabilized antimicrobial non-toxic electrolyzed saline solution exhibiting potential as a therapeutic
US8455010B1 (en) 2007-10-31 2013-06-04 Reoxcyn Discoveries Group, Inc Product and method for producing an immune system supplement and performance enhancer
US20090159436A1 (en) * 2007-12-25 2009-06-25 Mikuni Corporation Electrolyzed water generating and spraying device
US20090223897A1 (en) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-10 Peter Villeneuve Method for the Rejection of Boron from Seawater in a Reverse Osmosis System
US20090283417A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-19 Miox Corporation Electrolytic Cell with Gas Driven Pumping
US20100037967A1 (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-02-18 Shun-Tsung Lu Feeding device for liquid materials
US20120152558A1 (en) * 2009-05-26 2012-06-21 Framo Engineering As Heat transport dead leg
US9328586B2 (en) * 2009-05-26 2016-05-03 Framo Engineering As Heat transport dead leg
US9644761B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2017-05-09 General Electric Company Desalination system with energy recovery and related pumps, valves and controller
US9387440B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2016-07-12 General Electric Company Desalination system with energy recovery and related pumps, valves and controller
US8387375B2 (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-03-05 General Compression, Inc. Systems and methods for optimizing thermal efficiency of a compressed air energy storage system
US8522538B2 (en) 2011-11-11 2013-09-03 General Compression, Inc. Systems and methods for compressing and/or expanding a gas utilizing a bi-directional piston and hydraulic actuator
US20120057997A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2012-03-08 General Compression, Inc. Systems and methods for optimizing thermal efficiencey of a compressed air energy storage system
WO2013071134A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 General Compression, Inc. Systems and methods for optimizing thermal efficiency of a compressed air energy storage system
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US9638179B2 (en) 2012-12-04 2017-05-02 General Electric Company Hydraulic control system for a reverse osmosis hydraulic pump
US9897080B2 (en) 2012-12-04 2018-02-20 General Electric Company Rotary control valve for reverse osmosis feed water pump with energy recovery
US10172360B2 (en) 2014-12-09 2019-01-08 Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company Methods for the direct electrolytic production of stable, high concentration aqueous halosulfamate or halosulfonamide solutions
US10265658B2 (en) * 2016-09-12 2019-04-23 Eten Technology Ltd. Energy-saving water purifying system

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