US3834470A

US3834470A - Flexible hood means

Info

Publication number: US3834470A
Application number: US00412740A
Authority: US
Inventors: L Gyongyosi; D Gregory
Original assignee: Ingersoll Rand Co
Current assignee: Ingersoll Rand Co
Priority date: 1973-02-15
Filing date: 1973-11-05
Publication date: 1974-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 1991-09-10

Abstract

The system comprises an enclosure for enveloping a portion of drill rod used with an earth drilling machine the enclosure having only one side opening formed therein for coupling to a source of suction. The enclosure has axially aligned holes formed in the top and bottom thereof for admitting drill rod therethrough for address to the earth; and at least one ''''floating'''' type seal disposed about the drill rod for tracking radial excursions of the drill rod during drilling. A baffle plate fixed to the enclosure prevents the travel of large earth cuttings to the source of suction. Further, a flexible hood is carried about the enclosure, and is movably mounted for elevation from the ground area and for lowering thereto to prevent an escape of earth cuttings dust.

Description

United States Patent [191 Gyongyosi et al.

[ FLEXIBLE HOOD MEANS [75] Inventors: Laszlo Gyongyosi, Clarksburg;

' Dav A. Gregory, Lost Creek, both of Va.

[73] Assignee: Ingersall-Rand Company, Woodcliff Lake, NJ. [22] Filed: Nov. 5, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 412,740

Related US. Application Data [62] Division of Ser. No. 332,686, Feb. 15, 1973, Pat. No.

[52] US. Cl 175/211, 52/2, 160/84 [51] Int. Cl. E21c 7/02 [58] Field of Search 52/2, DIG. 3; 160/84 R; 61/34; 98/115; 175/209-213 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,107,552 2/1938 Smith 175/209 2,792,199 5/1957 Becker et al.... 175/211 3,256,440 6/1966 Stark..... 52/2 X 3,256,931 6/1966 Oijerholm. 160/84 R X 3,339,435 9/1967- Heitz 175/211 X 3,498,674 3/1970 Matthews 175/209 X Sept. 10, 1974 3,499,641 3/1970 Peterson 175/209 X 3,561,220 2/1971 Riester 61/34 3,638,737 2/1972 Moates 175/213 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 457,322 7/1968 Switzerland 175/209 Primary Examiner-David H. Brown Attorney, Agent, or FirmBernard T. Murphy [5 7] ABSTRACT .earth cuttings to the source of suction. Further, a flexible hood is carried about the enclosure, and is movably mounted for elevation from the ground area and for lowering thereto to prevent an escape of earth cuttings dust.

5 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures FLEXIBLE HOOD MEANS This is a division, of application Ser. No. 332,686 filed Feb. 15, 1973, now US. Pat. No. 3,800,890.

This invention pertains to dust control apparatus and in particular to an improved dust control system especially useful in connection with earth drilling machines.

Dust control systems known in the prior art, and especially those used in connection with earth drilling machines, comprise a platform for mounting a centralizer therein through which drilling rod is passed for engaging the earth. Typically, a vacuum pump is coupled to or through the platform, by means of ducting disposed substantially co-axial or parallel with the axis of the drill rod, to draw dust and cuttings therethrough from the ground area.

In an effort to prevent an escape of earth cutting dust into the atmosphere, it is known in the prior art, typically from US. Pat. No. 2,730,333, issued Jan. 10, 1956, to W. E. Lenhart, Jr., et al., for a Dust Deflector, to seal off the earth drilling ground area with a base plate and earth-engaging walls. Such an arrangement can be satisfactory, if the ground is substantially level and if drilling to only a limited depth is undertaken. However, if the ground is quite uneven, some difficulty is encountered in building earthworks up against the walls to seal off the area therewithin. More importantly, if considerable depths are to be drilled, a great quantity of cuttings and rubble will be deposited within and fill the base plate/walled enclosure finally to throttle the ground-located terminus of the annular, flushing-fluid passage (obtaining between the wall of the earth borehole and the outer surface of the drill rod).

Flexible boots have been used about drill rods, as exemplified by US. Pat. No. 2,145,939, issued Feb. 7, 1939, to James H. Markley, for a Dust Hood. Initially these can be quite effective toward containing dust. But with continued use, and with fatigue of the boot webs, joining slits open up to release clouds of dust into the atmosphere. Also, almost invariably, a web portion will become positioned between the ground level and the drill bit, and become torn and cut up requiring replacement or a sufferance of dust release therefrom as a result thereof.

It is a purpose of this invention to teach an improved dust control system, especially adaptable for earth drilling machinery, which avoids the problems known from prior art. An object of this invention is to set forth a dust control system for an earth drilling machine comprising an enclosure defined by spaced-apart top and bottom members having side walls interpositioned therebetween; said enclosure having only one side opening formed therein for communicating said side opening with a source of suction; said members each having a hole formed therein, said holes having a common center for admitting drill rod therethrough, axially, in penetration of said enclosure; wherein one of said members comprises a seal for substantially sealingly engaging drill rod; hood means coupled to and in envelopment of said enclosure for effecting a substantially sealing engagement with an area of the ground; and baffle means coupled to said enclosure, in immediate adjacency to said side opening, for preventing travel of large earth cuttings to said source of suction.

A feature of this invention comprises the use of an enclosure for enveloping a portion of drill rod used with an earth drilling machine the enclosure having only one side opening formed therein for coupling to a source of suction. The enclosure has axially aligned holes formed in the top and bottom thereof for admitting drill rod therethrough for address to the earth; and at least one floating type seal disposed about the drill rod for tracking radial excursions of the drill rod during drilling. A baffle plate fixed to the enclosure prevents the travel of large earth cuttings to the source of suction. Further, a flexible hood is carried about the enclosure, and is movably mounted for elevation from the ground area and for lowering thereto to prevent an escape of earth cuttings dust.

Further objects and features of this invention will become more apparent by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying figures, in which:

FIG. 1 is a combination schematic and sectional view, taken in cross-section, of an embodiment of a dust control system, according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a underneath or grounds-eye view of a portion of the embodiment, according to FIG. 1, taken along section 22 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along section 33 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view, in elevation, of a portion of the dust hood of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional and plan views, respectively, of the hood, taken along sections 55 and 6-6 of FIG. 4; and

FIGS. 7 through 10 are schematic depictions of alternate configerations of flexible dust hoods, according to the invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 a first embodiment of the novel system 10 described herein comprises an enclosure 12 which is carried from a platform 14, the enclosure 12 having

walls

16, 18 and 20 on three sides with a lateral opening 22 therein which communicates with a source of suction S. The source of suction S which would comprise a vacuum pump and dust collection bags, and the like, is shown only in phantom.

The platform 14 has depending paneling 24 thereabout which carries a flexible hood 26 for engagement with a ground area A. The enclosure 12, in this first embodiment, carries pulleys 28 thereon through which ropes or cables 30 are threaded, having ends fastened to a weldment 32 (or the like) carried by the earth drilling machine. Intermediate portions of the cables 30 are fed about other pulleys 28 coupled to frame lift rings of the hood 26. Other ends of the cables are rotatably mounted on a drum 34 driven by means (not shown) so that the hood 26 may be raised for transit or lowered for operational use.

The drill rod 36, as is typical in this art, is hollow so that compressed air, or like fluid, can be conducted therethrough so as to blow cuttings: dust, earth, rock chips and like rubble, out of the hole, up alongside drill rod 36 to the source S" for collection. The cuttings rise toward a drill rod centralizer 38, carried by platform 14. Now then, according to the invention, the lower portion of the enclosure 12 comprises a novel seal 40. Seal 40, of which more is explained subsequently, if free to follow radial excursions of the drill rod 36.

The suction introduced by the source S causes the cuttings to move in the direction shown by the solid arrows in FIG. 1, so that fine dust is carried to the lateral opening 22 provided in the enclosure 12. That component of cuttings or dust which migrates through the seal 40, with a tendency to loft upward to the centralizer 38 is overcome by the side draft, or relative vacuum, and moved away from the centralizer 38, as depicted by the dashed arrows, in the lateral direction.

A baffle plate 42 is disposed between the lateral opening opening 22 and an aperture 44 formed in the paneling 24 depending from the platform 14. This plate 42 prevents the travel of large earth cuttings through to the source S. Large cuttings, fragments of rock, and the like, are caused to impinge against the baffle plate 42 and then fall to the earth. An opening 46 formed in one end of the plate 42, adjacent to aperture 44, permits fine dust to rise therethrough for travel to source \S.79

The enclosure 12 comprises the three side walls 16, 18, and which are fastened by welding to the platform 14. At the four corners of the enclosure, short stub shafts or dowels 48 are welded to a base plate 50 which, in turn, is welded to the enclosure walls. Dowels 48 carry a pair of

seals

52 and 52 thereupon. A second retainer plate 54 is emplaced over the seals and is held in place by rods 56 which are passed through holes 58 in the dowels. The seals 52 and 52' are a pair of compliant plastic sheets. Each is bored through, having a hole 60 formed therein'to accommodate the drill rod 36 therethrough, and each has a plurality of radial slits 62 formed therein so that the rock cutter bit 64 is. admissable therethrough. To insure that dust is not freely passed through the slits 62 one of the seals is rotated axially, so that the slits of the one are not in line with the other.

The

seals

52 and 52 having mounting holes 66 at four corners thereof which are of greater diameter than required for mounting purposes, considering the diameter of the mounting dowels 48. The purpose for this is to allow the seals to float cyclically about the dowels 48, in response to radial excursions of the drill rod 36 about its axis. Accordingly, the seals 52 and 52' constantly maintain an optimum sealing about the drill rod 36 and, in that they migrate, cyclically, with the rod, they are less subject to wear and abrading.

Hood 26, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1, and 4-6, is formed of plastic, and defines an annular sleeve which is freely flexible, axially, so that a portion thereof which may engage a ground prominence will collapse to conform to the ground configuration to maintain a seal with the ground fully thereabout. Hood 26 comprises a pair of

annular panels

68 and 69 which are fixed to a frame 80 by means of plastic straps 82. Straps 82 are looped about frame 80 and secured to the panels 68 (or 69) by means of hardware 84. Other hardware (not shown) secures the uppermost edge of panel 69 to paneling 24. Frame 80 has a plurality of lift rings 86 (only one of which is shown) extending therefrom, the rings being equally spaced apart about the periphery thereof. Pulleys 28 (FIG. 1) are coupled to the lift rings (by any means well known in the art) to enable a raising and lowering of the hood from and to the ground.

According to the invention, it is essential to the formation of an efficient hood to define panel 68 with an axial taper, i.e., as a truncated cone, with the smaller diameter thereof disposed for ground engagement. This provides an excellent ground seal which, with any accumulation of cuttings against the inner wall of panel 68, becomes more and more secured against the ground.

Panel 69 is also axially tapered, to facilitate its flexible fold-up, as illustrated in FIG. 1 in dashed outline, with panel 68 thereunder. Optional configurations of flexible dust hoods are shown in FIGS. 7-l0 where,-in each case, a lowermost panel 68 defines an inwardly tapering skirt. Panels thereabove, 69a through 69h, are all tapered to allow a controlled, accordion-fold, or the like, of the hoods defined thereby, as shown in the dashed-line illustrations. In each of the embodiments, frames 80 serve to shape the hoods, and provide solid means for attachment of lifting pulleys and the like. Coincidentally, while a rotatable drum 34 (FIG. 1) and a weldment 32 are shown, as instrumental in raising and lowering the hood 26, other arrangements are capable of practice. Clearly, for instance, the hood 26 could be raised and lowered manually, by means of chain and hooks. So also, it can be done by means of power cylinders. These are matters of choice which proceed from the teachings of this disclosure.

The baffle plate 42 obviates any requirement for a pre-cleaner or skimmer, those sub-units necessary in prior art apparatus of this type to separate large cuttings from dust. Pre-cleaners (or skimmers) typically are centrifuges of some sort which whirl the cuttings and dust to separate out the larger particulate matter from that which is finer and dust-like, so as to not overburden the vacuum-operated dust collection devices further upstream. In accord with the instant invention, plate 42 defines means for obstructing a free passage of large particulate matter for travel to source S, in cooperation with seal 40, and further includes a deflector which depends, vertically, in immediate adjacency to the opening 46, as a type of insurance against a movement of larger cuttings into opening 46. Hood 26 defines a primary suction area, annularly disposed about the enclosure 12, and therebelow as well, and baffle plate 42 sub-divides this area in one lateral location, to intrude on a otherwise direct flow path to source S. For purposes of defining a distinction, the area about the drill rod 36 which is bounded by the enclosure 12, may be considered a secondary suction area.

Retainer plate 54 is provided to lend some strength to the undermost face of the enclosure 12, and more, it supports the peripheral areas of seals 52 and 52' against a fatigue-induced sagging thereof. Plate 54 is apertured in the center, at 72, to expose only the central portions of

seals

52 and 52 particularly to expose the portions thereof that have the slits 62 therein. The slits 62 are shown to be spaced apart substantially one hundred and twenty degrees of arc. Optionally, they could be four in number, ninety degrees apart, or two in number, one hundred and eighty degrees apart. What is essential to a practice of the invention is the deployment of two seals (52 and 52'), rather than one, with the slits 62 rotated in misalignment (from one to the other).

While the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it is to be clearly understood that this is done only by way of example, and not as a limitation to the scope of the invention as set forth in the objects thereof and in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Flexible hood means, for attachment to a drilling machine, for enclosing a portion of earth penetrating drill rods and a given ground area, comprising:

a flexible hood for containing and accumulating earth cuttings; and

means coupled to said hood for attaching said hood to a drilling machine in enclosure of a portion of drill rod;

said means including means operative for raising and lowering said hood from and onto said ground area; wherein said hood has a portion which is effective, in a first sealing mode, for forming a first sealing engagement with the ground, to define a nominal, given seal therewith;

said portion comprises means responsive, in a second sealing mode, to pressure from earth cuttings accummulated within said hood to form a sealing engagement with the ground greater than said nominal, given seal;

said portion defines a circular wall, said wall being angularly formed in the shape of a truncated cone, to encompass a given spacial area at one side of said wall, and to encompass a lesser spacial area than said given area at the side of said wall which is opposite said one side; and

said opposite side depends freely from said attaching means for contact with the earth, to define therewithin, and to seal the periphery of, said given ground area.

2. Flexible hood means, according to claim 1, wherein:

said raising and lowering means includes pulleys coupled to said hood, and filamentary material operatively disposed about said pulleys, and for attachment of one end thereof to a fixed locus, to cause movement of said hood and said pulleys in response to a tensioning of the opposite end of said material.

3. Flexible hood means, according to claim 1,

wherein;

said hood comprises at least two, flexible panels; and

at least one solid frame; wherein each of said at least two panels are fastened to said at least one frame, and extend from said frame at substantially opposite sides of said frame.

4. Flexible hood means, according to claim 3,

wherein:

said panels are of annular configuration;

at least one of said panels has a truncated cone shape;

and

said latter, truncated-cone-shape panel is fastened to said frame along a side of said panel which defines the larger of its diameters, to cause the side of said panel having the smaller of its diameters to depend freely from said frame.

5. Flexible hood means, according to claim 3,

wherein:

at least one of said panels defines a closed peripheral wall, said wall being angularly disposed to encompass a given spacial area at one side of said one panel, and to encompass a lesser spacial area than said given area at the side of said one panel which is opposite said one side; and

said one panel is fastened to said frame along said one side thereof, to cause said opposite side to depend freely from said frame.

Claims

1. Flexible hood means, for attachment to a drilling machine, for enclosing a portion of earth penetrating drill rods and a given ground area, comprising: a flexible hood for containing and accumulating earth cuttings; and means coupled to said hood for attaching said hood to a drilling machine in enclosure of a portion of drill rod; said means including means operative for raising and lowering said hood from and onto said ground area; wherein said hood hAs a portion which is effective, in a first sealing mode, for forming a first sealing engagement with the ground, to define a nominal, given seal therewith; said portion comprises means responsive, in a second sealing mode, to pressure from earth cuttings accummulated within said hood to form a sealing engagement with the ground greater than said nominal, given seal; said portion defines a circular wall, said wall being angularly formed in the shape of a truncated cone, to encompass a given spacial area at one side of said wall, and to encompass a lesser spacial area than said given area at the side of said wall which is opposite said one side; and said opposite side depends freely from said attaching means for contact with the earth, to define therewithin, and to seal the periphery of, said given ground area.

2. Flexible hood means, according to claim 1, wherein: said raising and lowering means includes pulleys coupled to said hood, and filamentary material operatively disposed about said pulleys, and for attachment of one end thereof to a fixed locus, to cause movement of said hood and said pulleys in response to a tensioning of the opposite end of said material.

3. Flexible hood means, according to claim 1, wherein; said hood comprises at least two, flexible panels; and at least one solid frame; wherein each of said at least two panels are fastened to said at least one frame, and extend from said frame at substantially opposite sides of said frame.

4. Flexible hood means, according to claim 3, wherein: said panels are of annular configuration; at least one of said panels has a truncated cone shape; and said latter, truncated-cone-shape panel is fastened to said frame along a side of said panel which defines the larger of its diameters, to cause the side of said panel having the smaller of its diameters to depend freely from said frame.

5. Flexible hood means, according to claim 3, wherein: at least one of said panels defines a closed peripheral wall, said wall being angularly disposed to encompass a given spacial area at one side of said one panel, and to encompass a lesser spacial area than said given area at the side of said one panel which is opposite said one side; and said one panel is fastened to said frame along said one side thereof, to cause said opposite side to depend freely from said frame.