US3855129A - Novel pumping apparatus - Google Patents

Novel pumping apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3855129A
US3855129A US00232128A US23212872A US3855129A US 3855129 A US3855129 A US 3855129A US 00232128 A US00232128 A US 00232128A US 23212872 A US23212872 A US 23212872A US 3855129 A US3855129 A US 3855129A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
motor
liquid
cylinder
pump
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00232128A
Inventor
L Abrahams
B Hutchins
J Waters
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Millipore Investment Holdings Ltd
Waters Technologies Corp
Original Assignee
Waters Associates Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Waters Associates Inc filed Critical Waters Associates Inc
Priority to US00232128A priority Critical patent/US3855129A/en
Priority to GB1060773A priority patent/GB1429854A/en
Priority to FR7307779A priority patent/FR2175029B1/fr
Priority to JP48025942A priority patent/JPS6132620B2/ja
Priority to CA165,223A priority patent/CA991950A/en
Priority to DE19732366193 priority patent/DE2366193C2/en
Priority to DE2311016A priority patent/DE2311016C3/en
Priority to US05/417,146 priority patent/US3981620A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3855129A publication Critical patent/US3855129A/en
Priority to US05/546,727 priority patent/US3958898A/en
Publication of US3855129B1 publication Critical patent/US3855129B1/en
Assigned to MILLIPORE INVESTMENT HOLDINGS LIMITED, A CORP. OF DE reassignment MILLIPORE INVESTMENT HOLDINGS LIMITED, A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WATERS ASSOCIATES, INC., A CORP. OF DE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to WATERS TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION reassignment WATERS TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WATERS INVESTMENTS LIMITED
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors of the kind having motors rotating step by step
    • H02P8/12—Control or stabilisation of current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B11/00—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation
    • F04B11/005—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using two or more pumping pistons
    • F04B11/0058—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using two or more pumping pistons with piston speed control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/20—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by changing the driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
    • G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier
    • G01N30/32—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of pressure or speed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
    • G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier
    • G01N30/36—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier in high pressure liquid systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
    • G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier
    • G01N30/32—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of pressure or speed
    • G01N2030/324—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of pressure or speed speed, flow rate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
    • G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier
    • G01N30/32—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of pressure or speed
    • G01N2030/326—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of pressure or speed pumps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
    • G01N30/02—Column chromatography
    • G01N30/26—Conditioning of the fluid carrier; Flow patterns
    • G01N30/28—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier
    • G01N30/32—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of pressure or speed
    • G01N2030/328—Control of physical parameters of the fluid carrier of pressure or speed valves, e.g. check valves of pumps

Abstract

A compact pumping system especially useful in liquid chromatography wherein comprising a liquid path which is fully flushed on each stroke of a pump, a pump which provides substantially pulse-free flow, a pressure-sensor integrated into said flow path and operably connected to the control circuit of a bifilar stepping motor. This circuit is so designed that the driving current applied to the motor is only that required to pump the liquid. The avoiding of heat associated with a greater current is particularly important in forming a compact package of motor and pump for use in liquid chromatography.

Claims (32)

1. In a chromatography system of the type comprising (A) a liquid delivery system comprising a pump and discharge port for supplying liquid under pressure to (B) a compartment containing a stationary phase forming means to interact with said liquid phase to effect a separation thereof during its passage through said compartment, and (C) means to collect the liquid phase leaving the compartment, the improvement wherein said liquid delivery system comprises 1. interposed between said pump and said compartment, a liquid pressure-sensing means, and 2. motor control means operably communicating between said pressure-sensing means and a motor drive means for said pump, said motor control means forming means to control the flowoutput of said pump by controlling said motor in response to the pressure-sensed by said pressure-sensing means.
2. motor control means operably communicating between said pressure-sensing means and a motor drive means for said pump, said motor control means forming means to control the flow-output of said pump by controlling said motor in response to the pressure-sensed by said pressure-sensing means.
2. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein the output of said motor is substantially continuously controlled in response to a liquid pressure between said pump and said compartment.
3. A system as defined by claim 2 wherein said motor in a stepping motor and said control means controls the current applied to drive said motor.
4. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said motor control means comprises additional control means to modify motor output in response to pressure, said additional control means forming means to compensate for compression of said liquid being pumped, and to maintain a substantially constant input of liquid into said column despite changes in compression of said liquid with varying pressure.
5. A system as defined in claim 4 wherein said pump comprises a two-cylinder piston pump and wherein said pump is operated by a drive forming means to operate the piston in each said cylinder by driving a centrally-located member which, in turn, forms means to simultaneously turn two non-circular members 180* out of phase with each other, each said non-circular member forming means to operate a piston in each said cylinder and thereby provide means for achieving a substantially constant discharge of liquid from said pump.
6. A system as defined in claim 5 wherein substantially all liquid-receptive volume between inlet of said pump cylinder and discharge port from said cylinder is flushed by each cycle of said piston.
7. Apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein there are two check valves mounted in series at both inlet and outlet ports of each said cylinder.
8. A system as defined by claim 4 wherein said motor is a stepping motor and said motor control means controls the current applied to drive said motor.
9. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said pump comprises a two-cylinder piston pump and wherein said pump is operated by a drive forming means to operate the piston in each said cylinder by driving a centrally-located member which, in turn, forms means to simultaneously turn two non-circular members 180* out of phase with each other, each said non-circular member forming means to operate a piston in each said cylinder and thereby provide means for achieving a substantially constant discharge of liquid from said pump.
10. A system as defined by claim 9 wherein said motor is a stepping motor and said motor control means controls the current applied to drive said motor.
11. A system as defined in claim 9 wherein substantially all liquid-receptive volume between inlet of a said pump cylinder and discharge port from said cylinder is flushed by each cycle of said piston.
12. Apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said pump comprises a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each cylinder, a liquid inlet to each cylinder proximate the end of said plunger as positioned at the end of its forward stroke, a liquid outlet to said cylinder proximate the end of said plunger as positioned at the backward stroke, and an annular conduit between said plunger and said cylinder forming means for said liquid to reach said liquid outlet in response to the forward movement of said plunger.
13. Apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein said annular conduit is from 0.001 to 0.005 inches in width.
14. Apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein said motor is a stepping motor and said control means controls the current applied to drive said motor.
15. Apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said pump comprises a plurality of cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, a liquid inlet to each cylinder proximate the end of said piston as positioned at the end of its forward stroke, a liquid outlet to said cylinder proximate the end of said piston as positioned at the backward stroke, and an annular conduit between said piston and said cylinder forming means for said liquid to reach said liquid outlet in response to the forward movement of said piston.
16. Apparatus as defined in claim 15 wherein the liquid''s flow path is no more than about 0.2 inches from the mean center line of said flow path.
17. Apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein the liquid''s flow path is no more than about 0.2 inches from the mean center line of said flow path.
18. Apparatus as defined in claim 17 wherein there are two check valves mounted in series at both inlet and outlet ports of each said cylinder.
19. Apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein there are two check valves mounted in series at both inlet and outlet ports of each said cylinder.
20. In a system of the type defined in claim 1, the improvement wherein said flow-control means comprises A) Bourdon-type tube, the interior of which forms a flow path for said liquid B) means for sensing displacement of said tube in response to pressure of the liquid therein, and C) motor control means comprising said sensing means and a motor drive means for said pump.
21. A system of the type defined in claim 20 wherein said Bourdon-type tube is enclosed within a housing and mounted between a light source and a light-sensing means, said light source and sensing means forming said displacement-sensing means, and also forming means to provide an input signal to said motor control means.
22. A system as defined by claim 21 wherein said motor is a stepping motor and said motor control means controls the current applied to drive said motor.
23. Apparatus as defined in claim 21 wherein the liquid''s flow path is no more than about 0.2 inches from the mean center line of said flow path.
24. A system of the type defIned in claim 20 wherein said Bourdon tube is bent to form two substantially parallel segments of a single conduit.
25. A system as defined in claim 20 wherein substantially all liquid-receptive volume between inlet of a said pump cylinder and discharge port from said cylinder is flushed by each cycle of said piston.
26. A system as defined in claim 20 wherein said flow path of said Bourdon-type tube has an inside diameter of from about 0.005 inches to 0.10 inches.
27. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said control means forms means to controllably drive said motor over a speed ratio of about 100:1 or greater.
28. Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein said pump comprises a plurality of cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, a liquid inlet to each cylinder proximate the end of said piston as positioned at the end of its forward stroke, a liquid outlet to said cylinder proximate the end of said piston as positioned at the backward stroke, and an annular conduit between said piston and said cylinder forming means for said liquid to reach said liquid outlet in response to the forward movement of said piston.
29. Apparatus as defined in claim 28 wherein the liquid''s flow path is no more than about 0.2 inches from the mean center line of said flow path.
30. In a system as defined in claim 1 suitable for handling heat sensitive liquids, and said motor and said pump being mounted adjacent one another, the improvement wherein said motor is a stepping motor system comprising a control means for controlling the volume output of said pump by controlling the driving current applied to the coils of said motor.
31. A liquid delivery system as defined in claim 30 wherein said motor has an operating range which is substantially free of resonance effects and is 100:1 or greater.
US00232128A 1972-03-06 1972-03-06 Novel pumping apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3855129A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00232128A US3855129A (en) 1972-03-06 1972-03-06 Novel pumping apparatus
FR7307779A FR2175029B1 (en) 1972-03-06 1973-03-05
JP48025942A JPS6132620B2 (en) 1972-03-06 1973-03-05
CA165,223A CA991950A (en) 1972-03-06 1973-03-05 Pumping apparatus
GB1060773A GB1429854A (en) 1972-03-06 1973-03-05 Control of pumping apparatus
DE2311016A DE2311016C3 (en) 1972-03-06 1973-03-06 Chromatographic analyzer
DE19732366193 DE2366193C2 (en) 1972-03-06 1973-03-06 Method and device for controlling a stepping motor
US05/417,146 US3981620A (en) 1972-03-06 1973-11-19 Pumping apparatus
US05/546,727 US3958898A (en) 1972-03-06 1975-02-03 Pump control systems

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00232128A US3855129A (en) 1972-03-06 1972-03-06 Novel pumping apparatus

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05417147 Division 1973-11-19
US05/417,146 Division US3981620A (en) 1972-03-06 1973-11-19 Pumping apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3855129A true US3855129A (en) 1974-12-17
US3855129B1 US3855129B1 (en) 1985-10-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00232128A Expired - Lifetime US3855129A (en) 1972-03-06 1972-03-06 Novel pumping apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3855129A (en)
JP (1) JPS6132620B2 (en)
CA (1) CA991950A (en)
DE (1) DE2311016C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2175029B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1429854A (en)

Cited By (45)

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US3984315A (en) * 1974-04-26 1976-10-05 Chemie Und Filter Gmbh Verfahrenstechnik Kg Electromagnetic metering pump
US3985019A (en) * 1975-11-10 1976-10-12 Boehme Detlef R Liquid chromatography system with solvent proportioning
US3985021A (en) * 1975-11-10 1976-10-12 Varian Associates High performance liquid chromatography system
US4043906A (en) * 1976-03-18 1977-08-23 Varian Associates, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing the transient effects of liquid compressibility in a liquid chromatography system
US4045343A (en) * 1975-11-10 1977-08-30 Varian Associates, Inc. High pressure liquid chromatography system
US4131393A (en) * 1977-01-21 1978-12-26 Altex Scientific, Inc. Fluid pump mechanism
US4137011A (en) * 1977-06-14 1979-01-30 Spectra-Physics, Inc. Flow control system for liquid chromatographs
US4180375A (en) * 1977-01-21 1979-12-25 Altex Scientific, Inc. Liquid chromatography pump
US4225290A (en) * 1979-02-22 1980-09-30 Instrumentation Specialties Company Pumping system
US4245963A (en) * 1979-02-09 1981-01-20 Waters Associates, Inc. Pump
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USRE31586E (en) * 1977-01-21 1984-05-15 Altex Scientific, Inc. Liquid chromatography pump
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Cited By (67)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3984315A (en) * 1974-04-26 1976-10-05 Chemie Und Filter Gmbh Verfahrenstechnik Kg Electromagnetic metering pump
US3985019A (en) * 1975-11-10 1976-10-12 Boehme Detlef R Liquid chromatography system with solvent proportioning
US3985021A (en) * 1975-11-10 1976-10-12 Varian Associates High performance liquid chromatography system
US4045343A (en) * 1975-11-10 1977-08-30 Varian Associates, Inc. High pressure liquid chromatography system
FR2370977A1 (en) * 1975-11-10 1978-06-09 Varian Associates
US4043906A (en) * 1976-03-18 1977-08-23 Varian Associates, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing the transient effects of liquid compressibility in a liquid chromatography system
USRE31586E (en) * 1977-01-21 1984-05-15 Altex Scientific, Inc. Liquid chromatography pump
US4180375A (en) * 1977-01-21 1979-12-25 Altex Scientific, Inc. Liquid chromatography pump
US4131393A (en) * 1977-01-21 1978-12-26 Altex Scientific, Inc. Fluid pump mechanism
USRE31608E (en) * 1977-01-21 1984-06-19 Altex Scientific, Inc. Fluid pump mechanism
US4137011A (en) * 1977-06-14 1979-01-30 Spectra-Physics, Inc. Flow control system for liquid chromatographs
US4245963A (en) * 1979-02-09 1981-01-20 Waters Associates, Inc. Pump
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2175029B1 (en) 1974-05-17
DE2311016A1 (en) 1973-09-20
GB1429854A (en) 1976-03-31
DE2311016C3 (en) 1979-07-26
FR2175029A1 (en) 1973-10-19
JPS6132620B2 (en) 1986-07-28
DE2311016B2 (en) 1978-11-23
JPS4947908A (en) 1974-05-09
US3855129B1 (en) 1985-10-08
CA991950A (en) 1976-06-29

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