US3862819A - Fuel catalyzer - Google Patents

Fuel catalyzer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3862819A
US3862819A US430252A US43025274A US3862819A US 3862819 A US3862819 A US 3862819A US 430252 A US430252 A US 430252A US 43025274 A US43025274 A US 43025274A US 3862819 A US3862819 A US 3862819A
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Prior art keywords
container
oil
liquid
combustion
connecting line
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US430252A
Inventor
Jr Fred A Wentworth
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WSJ CATALYZERS Inc
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WSJ CATALYZERS Inc
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Publication date
Priority to AR257156A priority Critical patent/AR208304A1/en
Application filed by WSJ CATALYZERS Inc filed Critical WSJ CATALYZERS Inc
Priority to US430252A priority patent/US3862819A/en
Priority to US05/515,527 priority patent/US4016837A/en
Priority to CA216,134A priority patent/CA987583A/en
Priority to AU76674/74A priority patent/AU484190B2/en
Priority to SE7416156A priority patent/SE405891B/en
Priority to GB5523974A priority patent/GB1470869A/en
Priority to JP14848074A priority patent/JPS534928B2/ja
Priority to DE2461694A priority patent/DE2461694C3/en
Priority to ZA00748252A priority patent/ZA748252B/en
Priority to IT70816/74A priority patent/IT1027230B/en
Priority to FR7443506A priority patent/FR2256373B1/fr
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7417045,A priority patent/NL171192C/en
Priority to ES433490A priority patent/ES433490A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3862819A publication Critical patent/US3862819A/en
Priority to US05/719,343 priority patent/US5558513A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US08/451,018 priority patent/US5592903A/en
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0221Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
    • F02M25/0225Water atomisers or mixers, e.g. using ultrasonic waves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025Adding water
    • F02M25/028Adding water into the charge intakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002Supplying water
    • F23L7/005Evaporated water; Steam
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to energy boosters for fossil fuel combustion systems and in particular to such boosters providing additional water vapor.
  • any additional energy produced must be due either to energy conversion from the additional mass provided or energy due to a more efficient or complete conversion of the fossil fuel.
  • water as the agent, either of these is possible and some combination is probable in most cases.
  • substantial quantities of moisture addition have been used. In automotive engines this has usually resulted in short engine life, burned valves and other difficulties.
  • the cost of accessory equipment has apparently been a deterrent in home heating service.
  • a method of utilizing water vapor as a catalystto increase combustion efficiency of fossil fuel is provided.
  • the vapor is produced by bubbling air, using preexisting intake pressure, through water and a supernatant oil layer.
  • the same intake pressure carries the vapor on to the combustion zone.
  • Apparatus, provided for use with an oil burner gun taps into the compressor housing both to obtain pressure for bubbling and to obtain a low pressure for carrying the vapor on into the gun.
  • the two tapes are connected to an otherwise closed tank carrying water and oil.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an air intake compressor for a combustion unit with a water vapor device connected in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevation of an oil furnace with the inventive vaporizer attached.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a detail drawing showing connection of the inventive vaporizer to the blower housing of an oil burner.
  • the catalyzer system of the present invention is useful with virtually every type of combustion apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 depicts compressor 10 of a high pressure oil gun.
  • Centrifugal blower element 14 is mounted on motor shaft 15 for rotation within housing 12. With blower element 14 spinning counterclockwise, air is brought in at center opening 16 ofelementl4, is forced out at the outer perimeter of element 14 and through barrel 11.
  • hole 17 (see FIG. 4) is drilled in housing 12 near the top and aligned substantially with barrel 11.
  • Pipe 18 is depicted as press-fit into hole 17.
  • Open end 20 of pipe 18 inside housing I2 faces away from the motion of air provided by element 14 resulting in below atmospheric pressure at open end 20;
  • Second hole 21 drilled near the bottom of housing 12 has fitted a second pipe 22.
  • Open end 24 of pipe 22 inside housing 12 faces against the motion of air provided by element 14 resulting in above atmospheric pressure in pipe 22.
  • Pipes l8 and 22 may be a sc rew-in type or may be mounted by other suitable means.
  • the basic requirement is to provide a pressure differential between the two pipes sufficient to produce bubbling in container 30 as will'be described. It is also essential that outlet opening 20 of pipe 18 be in the combustion intake air flow. It is preferred that the pressure differential between pipes 18 and 22 vary with combustion intake air flow.
  • Container 30, depicted in FIG. 2 as a translucent plastic container, has three exterior connections.
  • Main cap 31 is a screw-on cap with an integral pipe 32 extending from outside the cap down approximately one inch below the liquid surface in container 30.
  • the usable depth of pipe 32 does not appear critical, however, at greater depths a greater pressure differential is necessary and may not be available.
  • the outside portion of pipe 32 is connected to a hose 34 which is force fed over the end of the pipe.
  • the other end of hose 34 is force fed over pipe 22.
  • Second connection 37 from container 30 is connected by hose 38 to pipe 18. Connection 37 is an opening extending from the top of container 30.
  • Third capped connection 40 at the top of container 30 is for the purpose of connecting a continuous water supply.
  • hoses 34 and 38 For oil guns in most home oil burners, the size of hoses 34 and 38 is desirably in the range of to k inch interior diameter. With large commercial oil guns and different types of combustion applications, the hoses would be varied'to suit the purpose. It has been found desirable to make hose 34 approximately of 50 percent greater inside diameter relative to hose 38 and install valve 35 as depicted in FIG. 1 to control metering.
  • Container is filled with water up to a level approximately at the center of rotation of blower element 14. A layer of oil is poured over the surface of the water in container 30. This layer of oil should be a complete interface barrier between the water and the air space above it. The thickness of the oil layer is not critical and layers of approximately 1/16 inch have been used. Nor is the type of oil critical.
  • pipes 18 and 22 shown is only exemplary as these pipes may be positioned any place in the combustion air intake stream that will provide the necessary below and above atmospheric pressure conditions. It is necessary that the pressure differential between the two pipes be sufficient to produce a steady stream of bubbles leaving the bottom of pipe 32 passing out through the water within container 30.
  • valve 35 is unnecessary, but in some cases, especially where a kit is provided applicable for different sizes of burners, valve 35 has been found desirable in order to control the rate of bubbling through the water in container 30. While there is no known critical reason for the level of water in container 30 to be at a level with the rotational axis of the blower element, it has been found easy to produce the desired amount of bubbling at this level, and it has been used as a general rule of thumb. It has also been found that different water levels in container 30 change the pressure differential requirements for the desired bubbling and it is considered very desirable to maintain the water level as constant as possible.
  • FIG. 1 depicts water level control 41 connected by hose 42 to container 30. Water pressure to level control 41 is provided by water supply 44 such as a household water main.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a complete system with an oil gun connected to a furnace 51.
  • the oil gun includes a motor 52, an air intake 54 and oil pump 55.
  • Oil from a supply tank is piped to oil pump 55 by a supply line (not shown), and pipe 56 connects from oil pump 55 through compression housing 57 to a nozzle (not shown) at the end of the gun barrel inside the furnace.
  • FIG. 3 depicts the furnace and oil burner of FIG. 2, in side elevation showing barrel ll of the oil gun connected to furnace 51 by means of a flange 58.
  • the oil gun is also supported on a stand 60.
  • container 30 is shown as a translucent plastic and the connections from it are shown as flexible hoses 34 and 38, container 30 may be opaque and may be metal, and the hoses 34 and 38 can be metal pipes.
  • the exterior connection to container 30 may all be made through a separable cap such as connection 31 or any other arrangement usual for connecting a fluid line to a container.
  • pressure 7 pipe 32 be immersed to a depth of approximately one inch to insure bubbling. A pint of water filling container 30 two thirds full has been found satisfactory.
  • the bubling should be controlled so as to provide a steady stream of bubbles without disturbing the surface of the water to a point where there is spraying or spattering of water droplets into the space above the liquid surface.
  • the system described in detail operates well with any types of combustion system utilizing an intake blower.
  • the water covered with a supernatant layer of oil may be utilized with other types of combustion systems with proper adaptation.
  • engine vacuum can be used to draw atmospheric air through the liquid.
  • a small blower is readily provided to operate the vapor system.
  • sufficient alcohol may be added to the water to prevent freezing. While it can be expected that the addition of alcohol has some definite effect on the operation of the system, the effect has proven too small to show any substantial statistical difference in the operation of the combustion devices tested.
  • a method of adding water vapor to the fuel mixture in combustion apparatus having a forced air intake comprising:
  • a method of adding water vapor according to claim 1 wherein said bypassing comprises bubbling said small portion of the forced intake air through said liquid in a steady stream of bubbles.
  • a method of adding water vapor according to claim 2 further comprising maintaining said liquid at a constant level whereby controlled metering is obtained.
  • Apparatus for adding water vapor to a fossil fuel combustion system having an intake air blower comprising:
  • a second connecting line connected to said container and to said intake air blower, the connection to said container opening into a location below the intended liquid level of said container, said first connecting line and said second connecting line being connected to said air blower in a manner to provide a pressure differential position in said second line relative to said first line.
  • blower is a centrifugal blower with both said first connecting line and said second connecting line connected proximate the periphery of the centrifugal element by devices for providing said pressure differential.

Abstract

The energy output of a fossil fuel combustion system is increased by adding minute amounts of highly vaporized water and oil to the combustion air. In an oil gun such as used in home heating plants air pressure and vacuum is tapped off the gun compressor to bubble air through a sealed tank of water covered with an oil film and draw it back to mix with the combustion air flow.

Description

United States Patent 11 1 Wentworth, Jr.
14 1 Jan. 28, 1975 FUEL CATALYZER [75] Inventor. Fred A. Wentworth, ,lr., Stratham,
[73] Assignee: WSJ Catalyzers, lnc., Exeter, N.H.
[22] Filed: Jan. 2, 1974 [21] Appl. No.1 430,252
521 11s. c1 ..431/4, 261/18 A, 431/126 51 1111.0. F23j 7/00 581 Field of Search 431/4, 126, 190; 261/18 A;
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Russell 431/4 Cook Tomlinson 123/25 R 3,767,172 10/1973 Mills 261/18 A 3,790,139 2/1974 Stephenson 011211.... 261/18 A 3,809,523 5/1974 Vurekamp 431/4 3,814,567 6/1974 Zink ct ul. 431/4 Primary L.\'uminerEdwurd G. Favors Attorney, Agent, or FirmThomus N. Tarrunt [57] 1 ABSTRACT 8 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures 12121 CONTROL SUPPLY PATENTED JAN 2 8 I975 SHEET 2 OF 2 FUEL CATALYZER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
1. Field of the Invention:
The present invention relates to energy boosters for fossil fuel combustion systems and in particular to such boosters providing additional water vapor.
2. Description of the Prior Art:
It is well known that high humidity can improve the performance of an internal combustion engine. Various water injectors have been marketed with allegations of improved economy and performance for automobile engines. Commercial oil burners have long utilized steam to atomize oil for improved combustion.
In all of these arrangements, any additional energy produced must be due either to energy conversion from the additional mass provided or energy due to a more efficient or complete conversion of the fossil fuel. With water as the agent, either of these is possible and some combination is probable in most cases. Mostly, substantial quantities of moisture addition have been used. In automotive engines this has usually resulted in short engine life, burned valves and other difficulties. The cost of accessory equipment has apparently been a deterrent in home heating service.
It is also known that water vapor can act-as a catalyzer for combustion. See Van Nostrands Scientific Encyclopedia, fourth edition, page 1501. Useful implementation of thisphenomenon is strangely lacking in most commercial production of combustion devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the invention a method of utilizing water vapor as a catalystto increase combustion efficiency of fossil fuel is provided. The vapor is produced by bubbling air, using preexisting intake pressure, through water and a supernatant oil layer. The same intake pressure carries the vapor on to the combustion zone. Apparatus, provided for use with an oil burner gun, taps into the compressor housing both to obtain pressure for bubbling and to obtain a low pressure for carrying the vapor on into the gun. The two tapes are connected to an otherwise closed tank carrying water and oil. This apparatus for utilizing the invention is extremely economical.
Thus it is an object of the invention to provide a method of metering water vapor into combustion air as a catalyzer for improved combustion;
It is a further object of the invention to provide water vapor to a combustion mixture by bubbling a portion of intake air through water;
It is a further object of the invention to provide water BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an air intake compressor for a combustion unit with a water vapor device connected in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 2 is a front elevation of an oil furnace with the inventive vaporizer attached.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a detail drawing showing connection of the inventive vaporizer to the blower housing of an oil burner.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT:
The catalyzer system of the present invention is useful with virtually every type of combustion apparatus.
It has particular advantage in low humidity environments such as is commonly the condition for operation of central heating units during cold weather. Thus a particular preferred embodiment to be described is an oil-fired central heating plant.
FIG. 1 depicts compressor 10 of a high pressure oil gun. Centrifugal blower element 14 is mounted on motor shaft 15 for rotation within housing 12. With blower element 14 spinning counterclockwise, air is brought in at center opening 16 ofelementl4, is forced out at the outer perimeter of element 14 and through barrel 11.
In accordance with the invention, hole 17 (see FIG. 4) is drilled in housing 12 near the top and aligned substantially with barrel 11. Pipe 18 is depicted as press-fit into hole 17. Open end 20 of pipe 18 inside housing I2 faces away from the motion of air provided by element 14 resulting in below atmospheric pressure at open end 20; Second hole 21 drilled near the bottom of housing 12 has fitted a second pipe 22. Open end 24 of pipe 22 inside housing 12 faces against the motion of air provided by element 14 resulting in above atmospheric pressure in pipe 22.
The location of pipes 18 and 22 will change with different types of oil guns or other combustion devices. For example the gun barrel may be: at the bottom of the blower instead of the top as depicted in which case the blower rotation and the positions of pipes 18 and 22 would be reversed. Pipes l8 and 22 may be a sc rew-in type or may be mounted by other suitable means. The basic requirementis to provide a pressure differential between the two pipes sufficient to produce bubbling in container 30 as will'be described. It is also essential that outlet opening 20 of pipe 18 be in the combustion intake air flow. It is preferred that the pressure differential between pipes 18 and 22 vary with combustion intake air flow.
Container 30, depicted in FIG. 2 as a translucent plastic container, has three exterior connections. Main cap 31 is a screw-on cap with an integral pipe 32 extending from outside the cap down approximately one inch below the liquid surface in container 30. The usable depth of pipe 32 does not appear critical, however, at greater depths a greater pressure differential is necessary and may not be available. The outside portion of pipe 32 is connected to a hose 34 which is force fed over the end of the pipe. The other end of hose 34 is force fed over pipe 22. Second connection 37 from container 30 is connected by hose 38 to pipe 18. Connection 37 is an opening extending from the top of container 30. Third capped connection 40 at the top of container 30 is for the purpose of connecting a continuous water supply. For oil guns in most home oil burners, the size of hoses 34 and 38 is desirably in the range of to k inch interior diameter. With large commercial oil guns and different types of combustion applications, the hoses would be varied'to suit the purpose. It has been found desirable to make hose 34 approximately of 50 percent greater inside diameter relative to hose 38 and install valve 35 as depicted in FIG. 1 to control metering. Container is filled with water up to a level approximately at the center of rotation of blower element 14. A layer of oil is poured over the surface of the water in container 30. This layer of oil should be a complete interface barrier between the water and the air space above it. The thickness of the oil layer is not critical and layers of approximately 1/16 inch have been used. Nor is the type of oil critical. Various lubricating and motor oils have been utilized. Petroleum based motor oils with SAE viscosity indexes in the range of five to forty have all been used succesfully. Other types of oil such as vegetable oil would also be operative. Where the combustion intake will come in contact with moving metallic parts, it is considered preferable to use lubricating oils since some of the oil vaporizes and enters the combustion stream helping to lubricate and prevent corrosion of the various moving parts.
The arrangement of pipes 18 and 22 shown is only exemplary as these pipes may be positioned any place in the combustion air intake stream that will provide the necessary below and above atmospheric pressure conditions. It is necessary that the pressure differential between the two pipes be sufficient to produce a steady stream of bubbles leaving the bottom of pipe 32 passing out through the water within container 30.
In most systems, valve 35 is unnecessary, but in some cases, especially where a kit is provided applicable for different sizes of burners, valve 35 has been found desirable in order to control the rate of bubbling through the water in container 30. While there is no known critical reason for the level of water in container 30 to be at a level with the rotational axis of the blower element, it has been found easy to produce the desired amount of bubbling at this level, and it has been used as a general rule of thumb. It has also been found that different water levels in container 30 change the pressure differential requirements for the desired bubbling and it is considered very desirable to maintain the water level as constant as possible. While there are many ways of maintaining a liquid level constant, one of the ways in which this is done satisfactorily is by installing a float in container 30 operating a needle valve in a connector attached to connector 40. Water pressure is then provided to the needle valve by connection from a house water main. FIG. 1 depicts water level control 41 connected by hose 42 to container 30. Water pressure to level control 41 is provided by water supply 44 such as a household water main.
In operation, it will be seen that with blower element 14 rotating, air is forced through open end 24 into pipe 22 through hoses 38 and 34 and down below the water surface in container 30. This air then produces bubbles 45 which bubble up through the water in container 30 passing through the oil interface and into the air space at the top of the container. Air bubbles 45 passing through container 30 pick up small quantities of water vapor. It is believed "that tiny particles of water'vapor up in this manner each become coated with a very thin layer of the oil interface. This water vapor, along with the air carrying it, passes out through hose 38 and through pipe 18 into the combustion intake air passing from blower 10 into gun barrel 11 and on to the combustion point.
FIG. 2 depicts a complete system with an oil gun connected to a furnace 51. The oil gun includes a motor 52, an air intake 54 and oil pump 55. Oil from a supply tank is piped to oil pump 55 by a supply line (not shown), and pipe 56 connects from oil pump 55 through compression housing 57 to a nozzle (not shown) at the end of the gun barrel inside the furnace.
FIG. 3 depicts the furnace and oil burner of FIG. 2, in side elevation showing barrel ll of the oil gun connected to furnace 51 by means of a flange 58. The oil gun is also supported on a stand 60. While container 30 is shown as a translucent plastic and the connections from it are shown as flexible hoses 34 and 38, container 30 may be opaque and may be metal, and the hoses 34 and 38 can be metal pipes. Similarly, the exterior connection to container 30 may all be made through a separable cap such as connection 31 or any other arrangement usual for connecting a fluid line to a container. Neither the amount of water in the container 30 nor the air space in the container over the liquid has been found critical. However, it is preferred that pressure 7 pipe 32 be immersed to a depth of approximately one inch to insure bubbling. A pint of water filling container 30 two thirds full has been found satisfactory.
The bubling should be controlled so as to provide a steady stream of bubbles without disturbing the surface of the water to a point where there is spraying or spattering of water droplets into the space above the liquid surface.
The system described in detail operates well with any types of combustion system utilizing an intake blower. The water covered with a supernatant layer of oil, according to the present invention, may be utilized with other types of combustion systems with proper adaptation. For example, in an internal combustion engine, engine vacuum can be used to draw atmospheric air through the liquid. For use with natural gas burners having no intake blowers, a small blower is readily provided to operate the vapor system. When the vaporizing system of the invention is to be used at below freezing temperatures, sufficient alcohol may be added to the water to prevent freezing. While it can be expected that the addition of alcohol has some definite effect on the operation of the system, the effect has proven too small to show any substantial statistical difference in the operation of the combustion devices tested. Thus it will be understood that while the invention has been described with respect to a specific embodiment, it is contemplated for use in other types of combustion systems and it is intended to cover the invention within the full scope of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. A method of adding water vapor to the fuel mixture in combustion apparatus having a forced air intake comprising:
a. Placing a liquid comprising water in a container;
b. covering said liquid with a nonmiscible layer of oil;
and,
c. bypassing a relatively small portion of the forced intake air through the liquid in said container and back to a downstream location in said air intake, whereby water vapor is entrained in metered quantity in said intake air as a combustion catalyst.
2. A method of adding water vapor according to claim 1 wherein said bypassing comprises bubbling said small portion of the forced intake air through said liquid in a steady stream of bubbles.
3. A method of adding water vapor according to claim 2 further comprising maintaining said liquid at a constant level whereby controlled metering is obtained.
4. Apparatus for adding water vapor to a fossil fuel combustion system having an intake air blower comprising:
a. A container for liquid;
b. a first connecting line connected to the top of said container and connected to said intake air blower;
c. a second connecting line connected to said container and to said intake air blower, the connection to said container opening into a location below the intended liquid level of said container, said first connecting line and said second connecting line being connected to said air blower in a manner to provide a pressure differential position in said second line relative to said first line.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said combustion system comprises an oil burner connected to a central heating unit.
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said blower is a centrifugal blower with both said first connecting line and said second connecting line connected proximate the periphery of the centrifugal element by devices for providing said pressure differential.
7. Apparatus according to claim. 6 wherein said container contains water with a level substantially at the rotational axis of said centrifugal element.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the water in said container is less than one-half gallon and has a supernatant layer of oil.

Claims (8)

1. A method of adding water vapor to the fuel mixture in combustion apparatus having a forced air intake comprising: a. Placing a liquid comprising water in a container; b. covering said liquid with a nonmiscible layer of oil; and, c. bypassing a relatively small portion of the forced intake air through the liquid in said container and back to a downstream location in said air intake, whereby water vapor is entrained in metered quantity in said intake air as a combustion catalyst.
2. A method of adding water vapor according to claim 1 wherein said bypassing comprises bubbling said small portion of the forced intake air through said liquid in a steady stream of bubbles.
3. A method of adding water vapor according to claim 2 further comprising maintaining said liquid at a constant level whereby controlled metering is obtained.
4. Apparatus for adding water vapor to a fossil fuel combustion system having an intake air blower comprising: a. A container for liquid; b. a first connecting line connected to the top of said container and connected to said intake air blower; c. a second connecting line connected to said container and to said intake air blower, the connection to said container opening into a location below the intended liquid level of said container, said first connecting line and said second connecting line being connected to said air blower in a manner to provide a pressure differential position in said second line relative to said first line.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said combustion system comprises an oil burner connected to a central heating unit.
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said blower is a centrifugal blower with both said first connecting line and said second connecting line connected proximate the periphery of the centrifugal element by devices for providing said pressure differential.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said container contains water with a level substantially at the rotational axis of said centrifugal element.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the water in said container is less than one-half gallon and has a supernatant layer of oil.
US430252A 1974-01-02 1974-01-02 Fuel catalyzer Expired - Lifetime US3862819A (en)

Priority Applications (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AR257156A AR208304A1 (en) 1974-01-02 1974-01-01 A METHOD FOR ADDING WATER VAPOR TO THE COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURE IN A COMBUSTION APPARATUS THAT HAS FORCED AIR INTAKE AND A APPARATUS TO CARRY OUT THE METHOD
US430252A US3862819A (en) 1974-01-02 1974-01-02 Fuel catalyzer
US05/515,527 US4016837A (en) 1974-01-02 1974-10-17 Vapor intake system for internal combustion engines
CA216,134A CA987583A (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-16 Fuel catalyzer
AU76674/74A AU484190B2 (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-19 Fuel catalyzer
SE7416156A SE405891B (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-20 FUEL CATALYST
GB5523974A GB1470869A (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-20 Method of and apparatus for adding water vapour to a combustible fuel mixture of combustion apparatus
JP14848074A JPS534928B2 (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-26
DE2461694A DE2461694C3 (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-27 Device for generating a gas stream enriched with moisture
ZA00748252A ZA748252B (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-30 Fuel catalyzer
IT70816/74A IT1027230B (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-31 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR INTENSIFYING THE COMBUSTION OF FOSSIL FUELS
FR7443506A FR2256373B1 (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-31
NLAANVRAGE7417045,A NL171192C (en) 1974-01-02 1974-12-31 DEVICE FOR BURNING FOSSIL FUEL.
ES433490A ES433490A1 (en) 1974-01-02 1975-01-02 Fuel catalyzer
US05/719,343 US5558513A (en) 1974-01-02 1976-08-31 Vapor catalyst system for combustion
US08/451,018 US5592903A (en) 1974-01-02 1995-05-25 Vapor catalyst system for combustion

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US08515527 Continuation-In-Part 1994-10-17

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US4014637A (en) * 1976-03-01 1977-03-29 Schena Kenneth R Catalyst generator
DE2722431A1 (en) * 1976-08-31 1978-03-02 Wentworth Jun METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENRICHING THE AIR WITH CATALYZING WATER STEAM
DE2706037A1 (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-04-27 Columbia Chase Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION OF FUELS
US4089633A (en) * 1976-03-29 1978-05-16 Barghout Alexander S Combustion vapor generator
US4090838A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-05-23 Kenneth R. Schena Catalyst generator
US4127379A (en) * 1977-01-13 1978-11-28 Grove Leslie H Feeding water-laden air into a continuous open flame
US4152374A (en) * 1977-04-22 1979-05-01 Cole Richard E Device for injecting water vapor into combustion air
US4173450A (en) * 1976-03-29 1979-11-06 Allied Energy Corporation Device for injecting air processed to increase its humidity into oil burning furnaces
US4173449A (en) * 1976-04-20 1979-11-06 Seymour Israel Surfactant system for fuel catalyzer
USD257281S (en) 1978-02-02 1980-10-07 Thermics Corporation Fossil fuel catalyst generator
US4295816A (en) * 1977-12-20 1981-10-20 Robinson B Joel Catalyst delivery system
US4325691A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-04-20 Testco, Inc. Furnace induction system
EP0050258A2 (en) * 1980-10-14 1982-04-28 SO.CO.EN. S.r.l. Combustion catalyzing system for commercial grade fuels
US4410467A (en) * 1981-11-09 1983-10-18 Wentworth Fred Albert Jr Ion-vapor generator and method
US4475483A (en) * 1983-04-15 1984-10-09 Robinson Barnett J Catalyst delivery system
US4493637A (en) * 1978-02-15 1985-01-15 Thermics Corporation Liquidating Trust Fossil fuel catalyst generator
US4952340A (en) * 1989-12-04 1990-08-28 Wentworth Fred Albert Jr Vibratory ion vapor generator and method
US5113804A (en) * 1991-02-04 1992-05-19 Advanced Combustion Technology, Inc. Combustion enhancement system
US5246632A (en) * 1992-05-21 1993-09-21 Wentworth Fred Albert Jr Circulatory ion vapor generator and method
US5312566A (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-05-17 American Technologies Group, Inc. Air intake system device
US5322671A (en) * 1992-02-25 1994-06-21 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic vessel
US5386690A (en) * 1992-02-25 1995-02-07 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic system
US5387569A (en) * 1992-02-25 1995-02-07 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic solution suitable for converting combustion emissions
US5460790A (en) * 1992-02-25 1995-10-24 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic vessel for receiving metal catalysts by deposition from the gas phase
WO1998010185A1 (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Lars Collin Consult Ab DRIVE ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD OF REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF NOx IN THE EXHAUST GASES FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
WO2000043712A2 (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-07-27 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Steam generator injector
US6152972A (en) * 1993-03-29 2000-11-28 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Gasoline additives for catalytic control of emissions from combustion engines
US6247316B1 (en) 2000-03-22 2001-06-19 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Clean air engines for transportation and other power applications
US6389814B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-05-21 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration
US6622470B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2003-09-23 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US20040128975A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-07-08 Fermin Viteri Low pollution power generation system with ion transfer membrane air separation
US6776606B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2004-08-17 Emmissions Technology, Llc Method for oxidizing mixtures
US6786714B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2004-09-07 James W. Haskew Delivery system for liquid catalysts
US20040221581A1 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-11-11 Fermin Viteri Reheat heat exchanger power generation systems
US20040255874A1 (en) * 2003-04-14 2004-12-23 James Haskew Method and system for increasing fuel economy in carbon-based fuel combustion processes
US6868677B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2005-03-22 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Combined fuel cell and fuel combustion power generation systems
US20050126156A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2005-06-16 Anderson Roger E. Coal and syngas fueled power generation systems featuring zero atmospheric emissions
US20050241311A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-11-03 Pronske Keith L Zero emissions closed rankine cycle power system
US20100212415A1 (en) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Gary Miller Systems and Methods for Providing a Catalyst
US7818969B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-10-26 Energyield, Llc Enhanced efficiency turbine
US20130087126A1 (en) * 2010-04-06 2013-04-11 George Lindsay Heeley Enriching air for an engine

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CA1120849A (en) * 1977-12-20 1982-03-30 B. Joel Robinson Catalyst delivery system for combustion chamber
EP0008614A1 (en) * 1978-09-02 1980-03-19 Filtratom AG Combustion-air humidifier for oil burners
ES526616A0 (en) * 1983-10-20 1984-08-16 Garcia Vega Jose M APPARATUS FOR THE CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF WATER PARTICLES (MICRODROPS)
DE3614243A1 (en) * 1986-04-26 1987-10-29 Franz X Wittek Method and device for low-harmful-substance combustion of hydrocarbons

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Cited By (66)

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US5592903A (en) * 1974-01-02 1997-01-14 Ionic Fuel Technology, Inc. Vapor catalyst system for combustion
US5558513A (en) * 1974-01-02 1996-09-24 Ionic Fuel Technology, Inc. Vapor catalyst system for combustion
US4014637A (en) * 1976-03-01 1977-03-29 Schena Kenneth R Catalyst generator
US4009984A (en) * 1976-03-08 1977-03-01 Morrison Charles F Vapor injection system for fuel combustion
US4090838A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-05-23 Kenneth R. Schena Catalyst generator
US4089633A (en) * 1976-03-29 1978-05-16 Barghout Alexander S Combustion vapor generator
US4173450A (en) * 1976-03-29 1979-11-06 Allied Energy Corporation Device for injecting air processed to increase its humidity into oil burning furnaces
US4173449A (en) * 1976-04-20 1979-11-06 Seymour Israel Surfactant system for fuel catalyzer
DE2722431A1 (en) * 1976-08-31 1978-03-02 Wentworth Jun METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENRICHING THE AIR WITH CATALYZING WATER STEAM
DE2706037A1 (en) * 1976-10-26 1978-04-27 Columbia Chase Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION OF FUELS
US4127379A (en) * 1977-01-13 1978-11-28 Grove Leslie H Feeding water-laden air into a continuous open flame
US4152374A (en) * 1977-04-22 1979-05-01 Cole Richard E Device for injecting water vapor into combustion air
US4295816A (en) * 1977-12-20 1981-10-20 Robinson B Joel Catalyst delivery system
USD257281S (en) 1978-02-02 1980-10-07 Thermics Corporation Fossil fuel catalyst generator
US4493637A (en) * 1978-02-15 1985-01-15 Thermics Corporation Liquidating Trust Fossil fuel catalyst generator
US4325691A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-04-20 Testco, Inc. Furnace induction system
EP0050258A3 (en) * 1980-10-14 1982-09-01 Venturini, Antonio Combustion catalyzing system for commercial grade fuels
EP0050258A2 (en) * 1980-10-14 1982-04-28 SO.CO.EN. S.r.l. Combustion catalyzing system for commercial grade fuels
US4410467A (en) * 1981-11-09 1983-10-18 Wentworth Fred Albert Jr Ion-vapor generator and method
US4475483A (en) * 1983-04-15 1984-10-09 Robinson Barnett J Catalyst delivery system
US4952340A (en) * 1989-12-04 1990-08-28 Wentworth Fred Albert Jr Vibratory ion vapor generator and method
WO1991008044A1 (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-06-13 Wentworth Fred Albert Jr Vibratory ion vapor generator
US5113804A (en) * 1991-02-04 1992-05-19 Advanced Combustion Technology, Inc. Combustion enhancement system
US5525316A (en) * 1992-02-25 1996-06-11 Blue Planet Technologies Co. L.P. Method for converting automotive emissions with catalytic solution
US5386690A (en) * 1992-02-25 1995-02-07 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic system
US5387569A (en) * 1992-02-25 1995-02-07 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic solution suitable for converting combustion emissions
US5460790A (en) * 1992-02-25 1995-10-24 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic vessel for receiving metal catalysts by deposition from the gas phase
US5322671A (en) * 1992-02-25 1994-06-21 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic vessel
US5604980A (en) * 1992-02-25 1997-02-25 Blue Planet Technologies Co., Lp Method of making a catalytic vessel for receiving metal catalysts by deposition from the gas phase
US5246632A (en) * 1992-05-21 1993-09-21 Wentworth Fred Albert Jr Circulatory ion vapor generator and method
US5312566A (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-05-17 American Technologies Group, Inc. Air intake system device
US6152972A (en) * 1993-03-29 2000-11-28 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Gasoline additives for catalytic control of emissions from combustion engines
US7043920B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2006-05-16 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration
US6389814B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-05-21 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration
US20040003592A1 (en) * 1995-06-07 2004-01-08 Fermin Viteri Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration
US6598398B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2003-07-29 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with CO2 sequestration
US6082311A (en) * 1996-09-09 2000-07-04 Lars Collin Consult Ab Drive arrangement and method of reducing the amount of nox in the exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine
WO1998010185A1 (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Lars Collin Consult Ab DRIVE ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD OF REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF NOx IN THE EXHAUST GASES FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
US6206684B1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2001-03-27 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Steam generator injector
WO2000043712A3 (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-09-28 Clean Energy Systems Inc Steam generator injector
WO2000043712A2 (en) * 1999-01-22 2000-07-27 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Steam generator injector
US6523349B2 (en) 2000-03-22 2003-02-25 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Clean air engines for transportation and other power applications
US6247316B1 (en) 2000-03-22 2001-06-19 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Clean air engines for transportation and other power applications
US6824710B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2004-11-30 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Working fluid compositions for use in semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US6622470B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2003-09-23 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US6637183B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2003-10-28 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US20040065088A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2004-04-08 Fermin Viteri Semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US20050236602A1 (en) * 2000-05-12 2005-10-27 Fermin Viteri Working fluid compositions for use in semi-closed Brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US6910335B2 (en) 2000-05-12 2005-06-28 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Semi-closed Brayton cycle gas turbine power systems
US20050053875A1 (en) * 2001-03-02 2005-03-10 Haskew James W. Catalyst delivery chamber and method of delivering catalyst for oxidizing mixtures
US6776606B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2004-08-17 Emmissions Technology, Llc Method for oxidizing mixtures
US6786714B2 (en) 2001-04-12 2004-09-07 James W. Haskew Delivery system for liquid catalysts
US6868677B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2005-03-22 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Combined fuel cell and fuel combustion power generation systems
US20050126156A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2005-06-16 Anderson Roger E. Coal and syngas fueled power generation systems featuring zero atmospheric emissions
US20040128975A1 (en) * 2002-11-15 2004-07-08 Fermin Viteri Low pollution power generation system with ion transfer membrane air separation
US6945029B2 (en) 2002-11-15 2005-09-20 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Low pollution power generation system with ion transfer membrane air separation
US7021063B2 (en) 2003-03-10 2006-04-04 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Reheat heat exchanger power generation systems
US20040221581A1 (en) * 2003-03-10 2004-11-11 Fermin Viteri Reheat heat exchanger power generation systems
US20040255874A1 (en) * 2003-04-14 2004-12-23 James Haskew Method and system for increasing fuel economy in carbon-based fuel combustion processes
US20050241311A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2005-11-03 Pronske Keith L Zero emissions closed rankine cycle power system
US7882692B2 (en) 2004-04-16 2011-02-08 Clean Energy Systems, Inc. Zero emissions closed rankine cycle power system
US20100212415A1 (en) * 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Gary Miller Systems and Methods for Providing a Catalyst
US8033167B2 (en) 2009-02-24 2011-10-11 Gary Miller Systems and methods for providing a catalyst
US7818969B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2010-10-26 Energyield, Llc Enhanced efficiency turbine
US9059440B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2015-06-16 Energyield Llc Enhanced efficiency turbine
US20130087126A1 (en) * 2010-04-06 2013-04-11 George Lindsay Heeley Enriching air for an engine

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NL171192C (en) 1983-02-16
SE405891B (en) 1979-01-08
AR208304A1 (en) 1976-12-20
NL171192B (en) 1982-09-16
DE2461694B2 (en) 1979-09-20
ZA748252B (en) 1976-01-28
IT1027230B (en) 1978-11-20
DE2461694C3 (en) 1980-06-04
FR2256373B1 (en) 1980-05-16
JPS534928B2 (en) 1978-02-22
FR2256373A1 (en) 1975-07-25
SE7416156L (en) 1975-07-03
GB1470869A (en) 1977-04-21
ES433490A1 (en) 1976-12-16
CA987583A (en) 1976-04-20
NL7417045A (en) 1975-07-04
AU7667474A (en) 1976-06-24
JPS5097725A (en) 1975-08-04
DE2461694A1 (en) 1975-07-10

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