US3885223A - Explosively operated multi-circuit band switch including flexiable diaphragm bag contact - Google Patents
Explosively operated multi-circuit band switch including flexiable diaphragm bag contact Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3885223A US3885223A US460016A US46001674A US3885223A US 3885223 A US3885223 A US 3885223A US 460016 A US460016 A US 460016A US 46001674 A US46001674 A US 46001674A US 3885223 A US3885223 A US 3885223A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- band
- contact members
- pair
- switch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
Definitions
- An explosive switch includes a thin metallic tube hav- [22] 1974 ing a collapsed portion encircled by an electrically [21] Appl. No.: 460,016 conductive band.
- the collapsed portion has an oblong transverse cross section and diametrically opposed 'd t d' th d' t' fth fth 52 U.S. Cl 337/406; 92/92; 102/702 R; n ges ex m e dre-c o o e 4 tube.
- a second pair of contacts, which are normally spaced from the band, are adapted to respectively en- [56] References Cited gage the lateral sides of the band upon inflation of the UNITED STATES PATENTS tube by the explosive material.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,698,323 A known form of an explosively operated switch which has found wide application in bomb fusing systems is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,698,323.
- the switch of this patent incorporates a shaft adapted to move axially from a first position to a second position upon deformation of a concave diaphragm by an explosive charge.
- the axial movement of the shaft functions to disconnect a pair of initially connected contacts and to electrically interconnect another pair of contacts which were initially disconnected.
- the disconnection and interconnection of the contacts is achieved by means of a flanged contact cup carried by the end of the shaft, the cup being deformed upon actuation of the switch. Since the shaft and the cup must be propelled and guided, the structure of the switch is relatively complex.
- the invention provides a switch which is simple in construction and relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
- a switch of the invention need not include sliding components which would inherently detract from reliability.
- a switch according to the invention has an inflatable metallic tube with a collapsed portion encircled by an electrically conductive band which engages a first pair of electrical contact members.
- a second pair of electrical contact members is situated in spaced relationship to the band such that they are adapted to be contacted thereby when the tube is inflated by a pressure generating device associated therewith. Inflation of the tube produces a deformation of the band which causes it to withdraw from engagement with the first pair of electrical contact members and thereby assume a spaced relationship with respect thereto.
- inflation of the tube occasions a disconnection between the band and the first pair of contacts, thereby electrically disconnecting the first pair of contacts and essentially simultaneously causing an engagement between the band and the second pair of contacts which electrically connects the second pair of contacts.
- the invention also embraces a switch which includes only one pair of contact members.
- a switch which includes only one pair of contact members.
- first pair of contact members could be omitted to thereby form a normally open switch; conversely, the second pair of contact members could be omitted to define a normally closed switch.
- a switch according to the invention may have no moving parts save for the distensible tube and band. Therefore, a device according to the invention is exceedingly simple and relatively inexpensive to manufacture. Moreover. a switch of the invention is highly reliable since the only action attendant to its functioning is the inflation or distention of a tube.
- Yet another object is to provide a simple and inexpensive explosive-type switching device which exhibits a high degree of reliability.
- a further object is to provide a switching device incorporating an inflatable flattened tube, encircled by an electrically conductive band.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional, side elevational view of a first preferred explosive switch of the invention in its unfired condition.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the switch of FIG. I, taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1, showing the switch in the fired condition.
- FIG. 4 is the sectional view of the switch of FIG. 3, taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the switch of FIGS. 1 through 4, illustrating its function.
- FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of a second preferred explosive switch of the invention in its unfired condition.
- FIG. 7 is sectional, side elevational view of the switch of FIG. 6, taken along the line 7-7 of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a sectional, upper plan view of the switch of FIG. 6, taken along the line 88 of FIG. 7.
- FIG. I there is shown a first embodiment of a switch according to the invention in its unfired condition prior to actuation.
- the switch comprises a housing, generally shown at 10, which is constituted by a casing 12 and first and second spaced blocks of insulating material 14 and I6, respectively.
- the casing 12 comprises flanges at the axial ends thereof to contain the first and second blocks of insulating material 14 and 16, respectively, therein.
- the block 14 has a recess 18 which confronts the recess 20 in the block 16.
- the recesses I8 and 20 and the space between the blocks 14 and I6 define a cavity in the housing.
- the blocks 14 and 16 are spaced :1 distance sufficient to allow for insertion of electrical contact members 22, 24, 26 and 28 therebetween.
- the electrical contact members 22, 24, 26 and 28 are identical in construe tion and resemble a hook in form.
- contact member 28 has a long leg 28a, a short leg 28b parallel to the long leg 28a and a base 28c interconnecting the long and short legs.
- Each of the contact members has its legs imbedded in the block 16 and its base disposed between the blocks 14 and 16 such that the base extends a small distance radially inwardly from the walls of the recesses 18 and 20. As depicted in FIG.
- the contact members 22 and 24 define parallel planes and the contact members 26 and 28 define parallel planes such that the planes of contact members 26 and 28 are perpendicular to the planes of contact members 22 and 24 as is explained hereinafter.
- Contact members 22 and 24 are normally electrically connected; that is, they are electrically connected until the switch is actuated.
- the contact members 26 and 28 are normally electrically disconnected; that is, they are disconnected until the switch is actuated.
- an actuator 30 which functions to irreversibly electrically disconnect contact members 22 and 24 and to subsequently, but essentially simultaneously, connect contact members 26 and 28.
- the actuator 30 comprises an inflatable, thin-walled tube, mounted in the housing I0, 32 made of a ductile metal and having a cylindrical mass of pyrotechnic material inserted therein.
- the pyrotechnic material in the tube 32 comprises an ignition charge 34 and a main charge 36 mounted within a charge retainer 38.
- a resistance element (not shown) is embedded in the ignition charge 34 and connected to a pair of leg wires 40 and 42 which extend through a molded plug 44 mounted in an opening in the rear of the tube 32 to hermetically seal the interior volume of the tube.
- the leg wires are adapted to be connected to a source of electrical potential to heat the resistance element and thereby ignite the ignition charge 34.
- the tube 32 is made of a soft metal such as stainless steel 304, 321, or 302, copper, or gilding metal, although the selection of a particular material is not critical.
- An intermediate portion of the tube 32 is collapsed or flattened by a sleeve comprising an outer band 46 of electrically conductive material such as silver, copper, or gold plated copper and an inner band 48 of insulating material, such as Mylar, the band 48 being contiguous with both the outer band 46 and the tube 32.
- the collapsed portion of the tube has an oblong transverse cross section and diametrically opposed ridges 32a and 32b extending in the direction of the tubes axis.
- the band 46 encircles the tube 32 transverse to the tubes axis such that the lateral sides of the band are separated by a dis tance less than that between the portions of the band 46 adjacent the ridges 32a and 32b.
- the recesses 18 and are generally cylindrical, they include opposing narrow channels to receive the upper and lower portions of the sleeve to prevent twisting of the tube 32, these channels being designated 16a, 16b. and 18a and 18b.
- the base of contact member 22 protrudes into the channel 16a and engages the top of band 46.
- the base of contact member 24 protrudes into the channel 16b to engage the bottom of the band 46.
- the contact members 22 and 24 are electrically connected by the band 46. It will also be noted from FIG. 2 that the bases of contact members 26 and 28 protrude into the cavity a distance sufficient to engage the lateral sides of the band upon inflation of the tube 32. FIGS. 2 and 4 show that the contact members 22 and 24 are diametrically opposed and the contact members 26 are similarly diametrically opposed. It will be noted that the portions of the contact members which protrude into the cavity generally define the points of a rhombus in the cavity when viewed along the axis of the tube.
- the tube 32 When the pyrotechnic mass is ignited, the tube 32 is thereby pressurized and subsequently inflates to the shape shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. If it were not for the constraint provided by the contact members 26 and 28, the tube 32 would assume a cylindrical shape upon inflation; but instead, the lateral sides of the band flatten as they are contacted by the respective electrical contact members. Hence, the portions of the band 46 adjacent the ridges 32a and 32b are withdrawn radially inwardly by inflation of the tube 32, thereby disconnecting contact members 22 and 24. Contact members 26 and 28 are subsequently electrically connected when the sides of the band 46 make respective contact therewith, this action occurring essentially simultaneously with disconnection of contact members 22 and 24 since the tube inflates within a millisecond.
- the electrical contact members 22 and 24 are normally closed; that is, they are electrically interconnected by the band 46 prior to actuation or firing of the switch.
- the contact members 26 and 28 are normally open; that is, they are not electrically interconnected.
- FIGS. 6-8 A second embodiment of a switch of the invention is depicted in FIGS. 6-8.
- the actuator is identical to the actuator 30 of the previously described embodiment and comprises a band 46, an inner band 48', a tube 32 and leg wires and 42'.
- the salient differences between the two embodiments concern the housings and the contact members.
- a housing 50 has a cavity 52 defined therein in which is positioned the actuator 30'. Also retained in the cavity 52 is a contact support 54 and an insulating spacer disk 56, a space being defined between the disk and the contact support.
- the disk 56 includes four spaced apertures adapted to respectively receive electrical contact members 58, 60, 62 and 64.
- the contact members are generally flat and are characterized by rectangular cross sections, as best shown in FIG. 6. As may be seen from FIGS. 7 and 8, each of the contact members is provided with two right angle bends such that the section lying therebetween is located in the space separating the Contact support 54 and the disk 56 and such that the contact support engages the inboard surfaces of the contact members.
- each contact member which extends to the left of contact support acts as a leaf spring to ensure that the inboard surface adjacent the left end firmly engages the band 46' either prior to or subsequent to switch actuation.
- Sealant masses 66 and 68 are situated at the left and right ends of the cavity 52 to respectively secure the actuator 30' and the disk 56 in the cavity 52.
- the band 46 need not be continuous but may be split as long as an electrical path is provided in the unfired and fired conditions of the switch.
- the band could also take the form of a helical wire.
- a switch of the invention may incorporate a plurality of axially spaced bands. Of course, for each band, at least a pair of contact members must be provided. In such an arrangement, the contact members associated with each band may either be connected or disconnected upon switch actuation.
- the contact members may engage the band at locations other than the top, bottom, and sides although in both the fired and unfired conditions, the illustrated arrangements furnish the greatest separation between the contact members of each pair and between the disconnected contact member and the band.
- the contact members of each pair could be closely adjacent.
- the invention may be practiced with a single pair of contact members.
- the tube could be inflated by means other than a pyrotechnic charge.
- a source of compressed gas or hydraulic pressure may be employed to inflate the tube.
- the pressure generating device whatever its nature, could be located remote from the tube.
- a switch comprising:
- a tube mounted in the housing so as to be positioned within the cavity, the tube having a collapsed portion in the cavity with an oblong transverse cross section and diametrically opposed ridges extending in the direction of the tubes axis;
- At least one band made of an electrically conductive material, at least partially encircling the collapsed portion of the tube transverse to the tubes axis;
- a pyrotechnic charge mounted in the tube.
- each electrical contact member comprises:
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US460016A US3885223A (en) | 1974-04-11 | 1974-04-11 | Explosively operated multi-circuit band switch including flexiable diaphragm bag contact |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US460016A US3885223A (en) | 1974-04-11 | 1974-04-11 | Explosively operated multi-circuit band switch including flexiable diaphragm bag contact |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3885223A true US3885223A (en) | 1975-05-20 |
Family
ID=23827082
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US460016A Expired - Lifetime US3885223A (en) | 1974-04-11 | 1974-04-11 | Explosively operated multi-circuit band switch including flexiable diaphragm bag contact |
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US (1) | US3885223A (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4677412A (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1987-06-30 | Dan Sibalis | Energy supplemented electrical fuse |
US5028749A (en) * | 1988-12-17 | 1991-07-02 | Bridgestone Corporation | Pressure switch |
US5070787A (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1991-12-10 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Method and apparatus for switching an electrical circuit |
US5438173A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1995-08-01 | G & H Technology, Inc. | Cell bypass switch |
US6079332A (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 2000-06-27 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Shock-resistant electronic circuit assembly |
US6167808B1 (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2001-01-02 | Trw Inc. | Initiator for air bag inflator |
US6275136B1 (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 2001-08-14 | Yazaki Corporation | Circuit breaker |
US6311621B1 (en) | 1996-11-01 | 2001-11-06 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Shock-resistant electronic circuit assembly |
US6344788B1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2002-02-05 | Pyroalliance | Pyrotechnically operated electrical contactor |
US6388554B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2002-05-14 | Yazaki Corporation | Circuit breaker device |
US20040112239A1 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-06-17 | Brent Parks | Assemblies including extendable, reactive charge-containing actuator devices |
US20050083165A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Tirmizi Abrar A. | Pyrotechnic circuit breaker |
US20050083164A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Caruso Keith W. | Pyrotechnic circuit breaker |
US20080204184A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2008-08-28 | Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Passive Triggering of a Circuit Breaker for Electrical Supply Lines of Motor Vehicles |
US20110237102A1 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-09-29 | Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Plug-In Connection for an Occupant Protection Means |
US20130056344A1 (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2013-03-07 | Herakles | Electric circuit breaker with pyrotechnic actuation |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2917597A (en) * | 1959-01-23 | 1959-12-15 | Pope Kenneth Elvin | Pressure sensing device |
US2931874A (en) * | 1953-10-08 | 1960-04-05 | Audley B Leaman | Explosive switch |
US3027435A (en) * | 1960-10-14 | 1962-03-27 | Jr Bernard E Shlesinger | Multiple contact switch |
US3121157A (en) * | 1961-08-22 | 1964-02-11 | Benedikt Julio | Electric heating device |
US3247341A (en) * | 1964-01-23 | 1966-04-19 | Honeywell Inc | Control apparatus |
US3304386A (en) * | 1964-06-25 | 1967-02-14 | Jr Bernard Edward Shlesinger | Multiple contact program system fluid pressure type |
US3541484A (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1970-11-17 | Torr Lab Inc | Vacuum relay |
US3698323A (en) * | 1955-12-23 | 1972-10-17 | Us Army | Explosive operated switch for bomb fuzing system |
US3793501A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1974-02-19 | Ici America Inc | Explosive switch |
-
1974
- 1974-04-11 US US460016A patent/US3885223A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2931874A (en) * | 1953-10-08 | 1960-04-05 | Audley B Leaman | Explosive switch |
US3698323A (en) * | 1955-12-23 | 1972-10-17 | Us Army | Explosive operated switch for bomb fuzing system |
US2917597A (en) * | 1959-01-23 | 1959-12-15 | Pope Kenneth Elvin | Pressure sensing device |
US3027435A (en) * | 1960-10-14 | 1962-03-27 | Jr Bernard E Shlesinger | Multiple contact switch |
US3121157A (en) * | 1961-08-22 | 1964-02-11 | Benedikt Julio | Electric heating device |
US3247341A (en) * | 1964-01-23 | 1966-04-19 | Honeywell Inc | Control apparatus |
US3304386A (en) * | 1964-06-25 | 1967-02-14 | Jr Bernard Edward Shlesinger | Multiple contact program system fluid pressure type |
US3541484A (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1970-11-17 | Torr Lab Inc | Vacuum relay |
US3793501A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1974-02-19 | Ici America Inc | Explosive switch |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4677412A (en) * | 1982-07-28 | 1987-06-30 | Dan Sibalis | Energy supplemented electrical fuse |
US5070787A (en) * | 1988-06-24 | 1991-12-10 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Method and apparatus for switching an electrical circuit |
US5028749A (en) * | 1988-12-17 | 1991-07-02 | Bridgestone Corporation | Pressure switch |
US5438173A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1995-08-01 | G & H Technology, Inc. | Cell bypass switch |
US6079332A (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 2000-06-27 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Shock-resistant electronic circuit assembly |
US6311621B1 (en) | 1996-11-01 | 2001-11-06 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Shock-resistant electronic circuit assembly |
US6275136B1 (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 2001-08-14 | Yazaki Corporation | Circuit breaker |
US6344788B1 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 2002-02-05 | Pyroalliance | Pyrotechnically operated electrical contactor |
US6388554B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2002-05-14 | Yazaki Corporation | Circuit breaker device |
US6167808B1 (en) * | 1999-04-06 | 2001-01-02 | Trw Inc. | Initiator for air bag inflator |
US20040112239A1 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-06-17 | Brent Parks | Assemblies including extendable, reactive charge-containing actuator devices |
US7063019B2 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2006-06-20 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Assemblies including extendable, reactive charge-containing actuator devices |
US20050083165A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Tirmizi Abrar A. | Pyrotechnic circuit breaker |
US20050083164A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Caruso Keith W. | Pyrotechnic circuit breaker |
US7123124B2 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Special Devices, Inc. | Pyrotechnic circuit breaker |
US7239225B2 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2007-07-03 | Special Devices, Inc. | Pyrotechnic circuit breaker |
US20080204184A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2008-08-28 | Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Passive Triggering of a Circuit Breaker for Electrical Supply Lines of Motor Vehicles |
US8154377B2 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2012-04-10 | Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Passive triggering of a circuit breaker for electrical supply lines of motor vehicles |
US20110237102A1 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-09-29 | Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Plug-In Connection for an Occupant Protection Means |
US20130056344A1 (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2013-03-07 | Herakles | Electric circuit breaker with pyrotechnic actuation |
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