US3911928A - Endocardial electrode - Google Patents

Endocardial electrode Download PDF

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Publication number
US3911928A
US3911928A US460211A US46021174A US3911928A US 3911928 A US3911928 A US 3911928A US 460211 A US460211 A US 460211A US 46021174 A US46021174 A US 46021174A US 3911928 A US3911928 A US 3911928A
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Prior art keywords
electrode
endocardial
contact material
endocardial electrode
head
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Expired - Lifetime
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US460211A
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Hans Lagergren
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Publication of US3911928A publication Critical patent/US3911928A/en
Publication of US3911928B1 publication Critical patent/US3911928B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1487—Trocar-like, i.e. devices producing an enlarged transcutaneous opening
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/056—Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
    • A61N1/0565—Electrode heads

Abstract

An endocardial electrode for effecting the intracardial stimulation of a heart, consisting of an elongated electrical conductor, which is provided with an electrical insulation, and an electrode head located at the end of the conductor proximate the heart for the transmission of stimulative impulses to the heart through the inserted electrode. The surface of the electrode head is constituted partly of an insulating material, and partly of an electrically conductive contact material which is electrically connected with the conductor.

Claims (24)

1. Endocardial electrode for the intracardial stimulation of a heart, comprising an elongate electrical conductor; an electrical insulation encasing said conductor; and an electrode head being connected to said conductor at the end thereof proximate the heart for transmission of stimulative impulses to the heart upon insertion of said electrode, said electrode head having a surface area the major portion of which is constituted of an insulating material and the relatively smaller remaining surface area of an electrically conductive contact material forming a plurality of spaced electrically conductive minute surface areas, each of saiD last-mentioned areas being electrically connected with said conductor.
2. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 1, the surface of said electrode head having a maximum area of 15 mm2.
3. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 2, said surface area being 5 mm2.
4. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 1, said electrically conductive contact material being evenly distributed about the surface of said electrode head.
5. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 4, said contact material being in the form of strips extending along the surface of said electrode head.
6. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 4, said contact material being in the form of strips helically wound about the surface of said electrode head.
7. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 4, said contact material comprising a plurality of discrete dot-shaped areas dispersed about the surface of said electrode head.
8. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 1, said electrode head being of relatively large volume and weight, said volume being in the range of 15 mm3 to 60 mm3, and said weight being in the range of 0.30 p to 2.0 p.
9. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 8, said electrode head having a volume of 25 mm3 and a weight of 0.8 p.
10. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 1, said electrode head being essentially cylindrically shaped, said electrical conductor being fastened to one end of said cylindrically shaped electrode head, and the free end of said electrode head being of a rounded off configuration.
11. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 10, said contact material being constituted of a band-shaped material.
12. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 11, said band-shaped contact material being positioned in parallel spaced strips extending along the longitudinal axis of said cylindrically shaped electrode head.
13. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 12, the space between adjacent strips of said contact material being 0.5 mm to 5 mm wide.
14. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 13, said space between adjacent strips of said contact material being about 1.5 mm wide.
15. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 11, said band-shaped contact material being helically wound to form a plurality of spaced strips extending about the annular surface of said cylindrically shaped electrode head.
16. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 15, the space between adjacent helically wound strips of said contact material being about 0.5 mm to 5 mm wide.
17. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 16, said space between adjacent helically wound strips of said contact material being about 1.5 mm wide.
18. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 11, said band-shaped material having a width in the range of 0.01 mm and 0.4 mm.
19. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 14, said band-shaped material having a width of about 2 mm.
20. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 1, said electrode head comprising an electrically conductive material core having projecting portions forming interstitial spaces; and an electrically insulating material being filled in said interstitial spaces.
21. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 20, said projecting portions being essentially ridge-like in configuration.
22. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 20, said projecting portions having a helical screw-thread configuration.
23. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 1, said electrode head being formed of an electrically conductive basket-shaped wire mesh; and electrically insulating material filling the interior of said basket shape and wire mesh interstices.
24. Endocardial electrode as claimed in claim 23, said insulating material having a relatively high specific weight.
US460211A 1973-04-14 1974-04-11 Endocardial electrode Expired - Lifetime US3911928A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2319054A DE2319054C3 (en) 1973-04-14 1973-04-14 Electrode arrangement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3911928A true US3911928A (en) 1975-10-14
US3911928B1 US3911928B1 (en) 1988-11-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US460211A Expired - Lifetime US3911928A (en) 1973-04-14 1974-04-11 Endocardial electrode

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US (1) US3911928A (en)
JP (1) JPS5713301B2 (en)
CH (1) CH565564A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2319054C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2225179B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1453424A (en)
IT (1) IT1009752B (en)
NL (1) NL172212C (en)
SE (1) SE401320B (en)

Cited By (58)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994302A (en) * 1975-08-14 1976-11-30 Medtronic, Inc. Stimulation electrode of ion-exchange material
US4006748A (en) * 1976-01-29 1977-02-08 Pacestter Systems, Inc. Implantable unipolar pacemaker with improved outer electrode plate
US4026303A (en) * 1975-11-17 1977-05-31 Vitatron Medical B.V. Endocardial pacing electrode
US4156429A (en) * 1977-10-11 1979-05-29 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Implantable electrode
DE3023191A1 (en) * 1980-06-18 1981-12-24 Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin, 1000 Berlin Implanted heart pacemaker electrode - has carrier wire wound with one or more fine wire layers providing conductive surface
DE3211510A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-21 Medtronic, Inc., 55440 Minneapolis, Minn. IMPLANTABLE LINE
DE3213330A1 (en) * 1981-04-06 1982-11-11 Telectronics Pty. Ltd., 2055 Lane Cove, New South Wales ELECTRODE TIP FOR A HEART PACEMAKER AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
US4408604A (en) * 1981-04-06 1983-10-11 Teletronics Pty, Limited Porous pacemaker electrode tip
US4440178A (en) * 1980-12-23 1984-04-03 Kontron Ag Implantable electrode
US4444206A (en) * 1982-04-29 1984-04-24 Cordis Corporation Mesh tip pacing lead assembly
US4649937A (en) * 1985-01-28 1987-03-17 Cordis Corporation Etched grooved electrode for pacing lead and method for making same
US4690155A (en) * 1985-07-03 1987-09-01 Cordis Corporation Monophasic action potential recording lead
DE3739826A1 (en) * 1986-11-24 1988-07-14 Telectronics Nv IMPLANTABLE STIMULATION LINE FOR A HEART PACEMAKER
US4760852A (en) * 1985-09-09 1988-08-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Heart pacemaker electrode having two portions of different conductive properties for stimulating and sensing
US4832048A (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-23 Cordis Corporation Suction ablation catheter
US4844099A (en) * 1986-11-24 1989-07-04 Telectronics, N.V. Porous pacemaker electrode tip using a porous substrate
US4962767A (en) * 1988-07-05 1990-10-16 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Pacemaker catheter
US5127403A (en) * 1988-07-05 1992-07-07 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Pacemaker catheter utilizing bipolar electrodes spaced in accordance to the length of a heart depolarization signal
EP0571797A1 (en) * 1992-05-25 1993-12-01 Pacesetter AB Heart stimulation apparatus
US5318572A (en) * 1992-06-02 1994-06-07 Siemens Pacesetter, Inc. High efficiency tissue stimulating and signal sensing electrode
EP0620024A1 (en) * 1993-02-12 1994-10-19 Pacesetter AB Electrode device
US5370665A (en) * 1990-08-10 1994-12-06 Medtronic, Inc. Medical stimulator with multiple operational amplifier output stimulation circuits
US5522874A (en) * 1994-07-28 1996-06-04 Gates; James T. Medical lead having segmented electrode
US5522875A (en) * 1994-07-28 1996-06-04 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead system having a torque transfer stylet
US5571164A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-11-05 Pacesetter Ab Cardiac electrode device having at least a portion thereof which is ribbon shaped
US5628778A (en) * 1994-11-21 1997-05-13 Medtronic Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead
US5645580A (en) * 1992-12-03 1997-07-08 Pacesetter, Inc. Implantable medical device lead assembly having high efficiency, flexible electrode head
US5692926A (en) * 1995-02-20 1997-12-02 Pacesetter Ab Electrode contact device, particularly an electrode contact head, and an electrode attachment device for an electrode cable of a cardiac pacemaker, and a method for producing such an electrode contact device
US6134478A (en) * 1998-06-05 2000-10-17 Intermedics Inc. Method for making cardiac leads with zone insulated electrodes
US6240320B1 (en) * 1998-06-05 2001-05-29 Intermedics Inc. Cardiac lead with zone insulated electrodes
WO2001074442A1 (en) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-11 Ding Sheng He Passively self-cooled electrode design for ablation catheters
US6463334B1 (en) 1998-11-02 2002-10-08 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Extendable and retractable lead
US20020183817A1 (en) * 2000-12-07 2002-12-05 Paul Van Venrooij Directional brain stimulation and recording leads
US6501994B1 (en) * 1997-12-24 2002-12-31 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. High impedance electrode tip
US6501990B1 (en) 1999-12-23 2002-12-31 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Extendable and retractable lead having a snap-fit terminal connector
US6505082B1 (en) 1998-07-22 2003-01-07 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Single pass lead system
US6549812B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-15 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having bending stiffness which increase in the distal direction
US6556873B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-29 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having variable bending stiffness
US6569162B2 (en) 2001-03-29 2003-05-27 Ding Sheng He Passively self-cooled electrode design for ablation catheters
US20030229387A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2003-12-11 Medtronic, Inc. Surgical lead body
US20040087935A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-06 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Electrophysiological probes having tissue insulation and /or heating device cooling apparatus
US20040092806A1 (en) * 2001-12-11 2004-05-13 Sagon Stephen W Microelectrode catheter for mapping and ablation
US20040097965A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-05-20 Gardeski Kenneth C. Multilumen body for an implantable medical device
US20050004642A1 (en) * 1998-11-09 2005-01-06 Medtronic, Inc. Implantable medical lead including overlay
US20060168805A1 (en) * 2005-01-31 2006-08-03 Michael Hegland Method of manufacturing a medical lead
US7245973B2 (en) 2003-12-23 2007-07-17 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. His bundle mapping, pacing, and injection lead
US20090093811A1 (en) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-09 Josef Koblish Cooled ablation catheter devices and methods of use
US8285376B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2012-10-09 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Ventricular pacing
US8290586B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2012-10-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods, devices and systems for single-chamber pacing using a dual-chamber pacing device
US8326423B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2012-12-04 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Devices and methods for steering electrical stimulation in cardiac rhythm management
US8423139B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-04-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods, devices and systems for cardiac rhythm management using an electrode arrangement
US8538521B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-09-17 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Systems, devices and methods for monitoring efficiency of pacing
US8543203B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-09-24 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Endocardial pacing devices and methods useful for resynchronization and defibrillation
US8565880B2 (en) 2010-04-27 2013-10-22 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. His-bundle capture verification and monitoring
US8688234B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2014-04-01 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Devices, methods, and systems including cardiac pacing
US8880169B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2014-11-04 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Endocardial pacing relating to conduction abnormalities
US20200338343A1 (en) * 2016-06-06 2020-10-29 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Devices and methods for treating tinnitus using electrical stimulation
EP4119080A1 (en) * 2021-07-12 2023-01-18 Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH Plasma probe and method of mounting the electrode

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE7610696L (en) * 1976-09-28 1978-03-29 Reenstierna Bertil KIT AND DEVICE FOR INSERTING AND FIXING "PACEMAKER - ELECTROD" IN (HUMAN) HEART
DE3203759A1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-11 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau STIMULATION ELECTRODE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE3300668A1 (en) * 1983-01-11 1984-07-12 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München ELECTRODE FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
FR2595253A1 (en) * 1986-03-04 1987-09-11 Amiel Alain MYOCARDIAL ELECTRODE WITH SEPARATE CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT
US4765331A (en) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-23 Circon Corporation Electrosurgical device with treatment arc of less than 360 degrees
US5643328A (en) * 1996-07-19 1997-07-01 Sulzer Intermedics Inc. Implantable cardiac stimulation device with warning system having elongated stimulation electrode

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US3788329A (en) * 1972-04-17 1974-01-29 Medtronic Inc Body implantable lead
US3815611A (en) * 1971-11-26 1974-06-11 Medtronic Inc Muscle stimulation and/or contraction detection device

Patent Citations (7)

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US164184A (en) * 1875-06-08 Improvement in vesicular electrodes
US932775A (en) * 1909-06-05 1909-08-31 Charles W Gaston Electric therapeutic instrument.
US1480353A (en) * 1921-01-19 1924-01-08 Wappler Electric Co Inc Electrode
US1889271A (en) * 1931-04-22 1932-11-29 Gustav A Zerne Electrical contact pad
US3533403A (en) * 1967-05-10 1970-10-13 Riley D Woodson Combination heart catheter and electrode
US3815611A (en) * 1971-11-26 1974-06-11 Medtronic Inc Muscle stimulation and/or contraction detection device
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Cited By (92)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994302A (en) * 1975-08-14 1976-11-30 Medtronic, Inc. Stimulation electrode of ion-exchange material
US4026303A (en) * 1975-11-17 1977-05-31 Vitatron Medical B.V. Endocardial pacing electrode
US4006748A (en) * 1976-01-29 1977-02-08 Pacestter Systems, Inc. Implantable unipolar pacemaker with improved outer electrode plate
US4156429A (en) * 1977-10-11 1979-05-29 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Implantable electrode
DE3023191A1 (en) * 1980-06-18 1981-12-24 Biotronik Meß- und Therapiegeräte GmbH & Co Ingenieurbüro Berlin, 1000 Berlin Implanted heart pacemaker electrode - has carrier wire wound with one or more fine wire layers providing conductive surface
US4440178A (en) * 1980-12-23 1984-04-03 Kontron Ag Implantable electrode
DE3211510A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-21 Medtronic, Inc., 55440 Minneapolis, Minn. IMPLANTABLE LINE
DE3213330A1 (en) * 1981-04-06 1982-11-11 Telectronics Pty. Ltd., 2055 Lane Cove, New South Wales ELECTRODE TIP FOR A HEART PACEMAKER AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
US4408604A (en) * 1981-04-06 1983-10-11 Teletronics Pty, Limited Porous pacemaker electrode tip
US4444206A (en) * 1982-04-29 1984-04-24 Cordis Corporation Mesh tip pacing lead assembly
US4649937A (en) * 1985-01-28 1987-03-17 Cordis Corporation Etched grooved electrode for pacing lead and method for making same
US4690155A (en) * 1985-07-03 1987-09-01 Cordis Corporation Monophasic action potential recording lead
US4760852A (en) * 1985-09-09 1988-08-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Heart pacemaker electrode having two portions of different conductive properties for stimulating and sensing
DE3739826A1 (en) * 1986-11-24 1988-07-14 Telectronics Nv IMPLANTABLE STIMULATION LINE FOR A HEART PACEMAKER
US4784161A (en) * 1986-11-24 1988-11-15 Telectronics, N.V. Porous pacemaker electrode tip using a porous substrate
US4844099A (en) * 1986-11-24 1989-07-04 Telectronics, N.V. Porous pacemaker electrode tip using a porous substrate
US4832048A (en) * 1987-10-29 1989-05-23 Cordis Corporation Suction ablation catheter
US4962767A (en) * 1988-07-05 1990-10-16 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Pacemaker catheter
US5127403A (en) * 1988-07-05 1992-07-07 Cardiac Control Systems, Inc. Pacemaker catheter utilizing bipolar electrodes spaced in accordance to the length of a heart depolarization signal
US5370665A (en) * 1990-08-10 1994-12-06 Medtronic, Inc. Medical stimulator with multiple operational amplifier output stimulation circuits
EP0571797A1 (en) * 1992-05-25 1993-12-01 Pacesetter AB Heart stimulation apparatus
US5306292A (en) * 1992-05-25 1994-04-26 Siemens-Elema Ab Heart stimulation apparatus
US5318572A (en) * 1992-06-02 1994-06-07 Siemens Pacesetter, Inc. High efficiency tissue stimulating and signal sensing electrode
US5645580A (en) * 1992-12-03 1997-07-08 Pacesetter, Inc. Implantable medical device lead assembly having high efficiency, flexible electrode head
US5405373A (en) * 1993-02-12 1995-04-11 Siemens-Elema Ab Electrode device for intracorporeal tissue stimulation
EP0620024A1 (en) * 1993-02-12 1994-10-19 Pacesetter AB Electrode device
US5522874A (en) * 1994-07-28 1996-06-04 Gates; James T. Medical lead having segmented electrode
US5522875A (en) * 1994-07-28 1996-06-04 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead system having a torque transfer stylet
US5571164A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-11-05 Pacesetter Ab Cardiac electrode device having at least a portion thereof which is ribbon shaped
US5628778A (en) * 1994-11-21 1997-05-13 Medtronic Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead
US5995876A (en) * 1994-11-21 1999-11-30 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead
US6006139A (en) * 1994-11-21 1999-12-21 Medtronic, Inc. Single pass medical electrical lead with cap electrodes
US5692926A (en) * 1995-02-20 1997-12-02 Pacesetter Ab Electrode contact device, particularly an electrode contact head, and an electrode attachment device for an electrode cable of a cardiac pacemaker, and a method for producing such an electrode contact device
US6501994B1 (en) * 1997-12-24 2002-12-31 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. High impedance electrode tip
US6134478A (en) * 1998-06-05 2000-10-17 Intermedics Inc. Method for making cardiac leads with zone insulated electrodes
US6240320B1 (en) * 1998-06-05 2001-05-29 Intermedics Inc. Cardiac lead with zone insulated electrodes
US6526321B1 (en) 1998-06-05 2003-02-25 Intermedics, Inc. Method for making cardiac leads with zone insulated electrodes
US8209035B2 (en) 1998-07-22 2012-06-26 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Extendable and retractable lead having a snap-fit terminal connector
US7774934B2 (en) 1998-07-22 2010-08-17 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Method for making a terminal connector
US6915169B2 (en) 1998-07-22 2005-07-05 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Extendable and retractable lead having a snap-fit terminal connector
US6505082B1 (en) 1998-07-22 2003-01-07 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Single pass lead system
US8285398B2 (en) 1998-07-22 2012-10-09 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Lead with terminal connector assembly
US6983185B2 (en) 1998-07-22 2006-01-03 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Lead with terminal connector assembly
US7392095B2 (en) 1998-07-22 2008-06-24 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Extendable and retractable lead having a snap-fit terminal connector
US6463334B1 (en) 1998-11-02 2002-10-08 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Extendable and retractable lead
US20050004642A1 (en) * 1998-11-09 2005-01-06 Medtronic, Inc. Implantable medical lead including overlay
US6718211B2 (en) 1999-11-29 2004-04-06 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having bending stiffnesses which increase in the distal direction
US6556873B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-29 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having variable bending stiffness
US6549812B1 (en) 1999-11-29 2003-04-15 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having bending stiffness which increase in the distal direction
US6741893B2 (en) 1999-11-29 2004-05-25 Medtronic, Inc. Medical electrical lead having variable bending stiffness
US6501990B1 (en) 1999-12-23 2002-12-31 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Extendable and retractable lead having a snap-fit terminal connector
US20030229387A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2003-12-11 Medtronic, Inc. Surgical lead body
US7319904B2 (en) 2000-02-08 2008-01-15 Medtronic, Inc. Percutaneous Surgical lead body
WO2001074442A1 (en) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-11 Ding Sheng He Passively self-cooled electrode design for ablation catheters
US7212867B2 (en) 2000-12-07 2007-05-01 Medtronic, Inc. Directional brain stimulation and recording leads
US20020183817A1 (en) * 2000-12-07 2002-12-05 Paul Van Venrooij Directional brain stimulation and recording leads
US6569162B2 (en) 2001-03-29 2003-05-27 Ding Sheng He Passively self-cooled electrode design for ablation catheters
US20040092806A1 (en) * 2001-12-11 2004-05-13 Sagon Stephen W Microelectrode catheter for mapping and ablation
US20040087935A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-06 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Electrophysiological probes having tissue insulation and /or heating device cooling apparatus
US20040097965A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-05-20 Gardeski Kenneth C. Multilumen body for an implantable medical device
US7130700B2 (en) * 2002-11-19 2006-10-31 Medtronic, Inc. Multilumen body for an implantable medical device
US7245973B2 (en) 2003-12-23 2007-07-17 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. His bundle mapping, pacing, and injection lead
US8078287B2 (en) 2003-12-23 2011-12-13 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. His bundle mapping, pacing, and injection lead
US8838238B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2014-09-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Ventricular pacing
US8934969B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2015-01-13 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Systems, devices and methods for monitoring efficiency of pacing
US9031648B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2015-05-12 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Endocardial pacing devices and methods useful for resynchronization and defibrillation
US9008768B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2015-04-14 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods, devices and systems for cardiac rhythm management using an electrode arrangement
US8285376B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2012-10-09 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Ventricular pacing
US8903489B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2014-12-02 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods, devices and systems for single-chamber pacing using a dual-chamber pacing device
US8290586B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2012-10-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods, devices and systems for single-chamber pacing using a dual-chamber pacing device
US8326423B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2012-12-04 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Devices and methods for steering electrical stimulation in cardiac rhythm management
US8346358B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-01-01 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Pacemaker which reestablishes or keeps the physiological electric conduction of the heart and a method of application
US8423139B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-04-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods, devices and systems for cardiac rhythm management using an electrode arrangement
US8428715B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-04-23 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Methods for treating the physiological electric conduction of the heart
US8437848B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-05-07 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Apparatus for treating the physiological electric conduction of the heart
US8538521B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-09-17 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Systems, devices and methods for monitoring efficiency of pacing
US8543203B2 (en) 2004-12-20 2013-09-24 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Endocardial pacing devices and methods useful for resynchronization and defibrillation
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GB1453424A (en) 1976-10-20
US3911928B1 (en) 1988-11-08
SE401320B (en) 1978-05-02
JPS5713301B2 (en) 1982-03-16
NL172212B (en) 1983-03-01
NL7405013A (en) 1974-10-16
FR2225179A1 (en) 1974-11-08
FR2225179B1 (en) 1978-01-06
DE2319054B2 (en) 1979-06-21
IT1009752B (en) 1976-12-20
DE2319054A1 (en) 1974-10-17
JPS5041371A (en) 1975-04-15
DE2319054C3 (en) 1980-03-06
CH565564A5 (en) 1975-08-29
NL172212C (en) 1983-08-01

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