US3926832A - Gettering structure - Google Patents

Gettering structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3926832A
US3926832A US383677A US38367773A US3926832A US 3926832 A US3926832 A US 3926832A US 383677 A US383677 A US 383677A US 38367773 A US38367773 A US 38367773A US 3926832 A US3926832 A US 3926832A
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zirconium
particles
aluminum alloy
particulate
evaporable getter
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US383677A
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Aldo Barosi
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SAES Getters SpA
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SAES Getters SpA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/52—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01K1/54—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering
    • H01K1/56—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering characterised by the material of the getter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J7/00—Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J7/14—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J7/18—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating

Abstract

A non-evaporating getter device and composition and process for producing such which is optionally heatable employing a getter material comprising at least one non-evaporable getter metal preferably selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ta, Hf, Nb, Ti, Th and U in intimate mixture with a zirconium-aluminum alloy.

Claims (11)

1. A GETTING STRUCTURE COMPRISING: A. A SINTERED PARTICULE NON-EVAPORABLE GETTER METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ZR, TA, HF, NB, TI, TH AND U, B. A PARTICULATE ZIRCONIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOY COMPRISING 5 TO 30 WEIGHT PERCENT ALUMINUM BALANCE ZIRCONIUM WHEREIN THE PARTICLES OF THE ZIRCONIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOY ARE LARGER THAN THE PARTICLES OF THE NON-EVAPORABLE GETTER METAL AND ARE DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE NON-EVAPORABLE GETTER METAL WHEREIN THE WEIGHT RATION A:B IS FROM 19:1 TO 2:3 AND WHEREIN SAID PARTICLES OF ZIRCONIUM-ALUMINUM ALLOY ARE GENERALLY SPACED OUT OF CONTACT WITH EACH OTHER.
2. A gettering structure comprising: A. a sintered particulate non-evaporable getter metal, selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ta, Hf, Nb, Ti, Th and U, B. a particulate zirconium-aluminum alloy comprising 5 to 30 weight percent aluminum balance zirconium wherein the particles of zirconium-aluminum alloy are larger than the particles of the non-evaporable getter metal and are distributed throughout the non-evaporable getter metal, wherein the sintered non-evaporable getter metal has a surface area after sintering substantially equal to its surface area prior to sintering wherein the weight ratio A:B is from 19:1 to 2:3 and wherein said particles of zirconium-aluminum alloy are generally spaced out of contact with each other.
2. the composition exhibits a compressive strength of at least 300 kg/cm2,
3. A gettering structure comprising: A. particulate zirconium, the particles of which pass through a U.S. standard screen of 200 mesh per inch, B. a particulate alloy of 84 weight percent zirconium and 16 weight percent aluminum, the particles of which pass through a U.S. standard screen of 60 mesh per inch and are retained on a U.S. standard screen of 100 mesh per inch with the provisos that:
3. the total surface area of the zirconium particles after sintering is equal to at least 95% of their surface area before sintering;
4. the particles of zirconium are in contact with one another,
4. A gettering structure comprising: A. sintered particulate zirconium, B. A particulate zirconium-aluminum alloy comprising 5 to 30 weight percent aluminum balance zirconium wherein the particles of the zirconium-aluminum alloy are larger than the particles of zirconium and are distributed throughout the particles of zirconium in an amount such that the particles of zirconium-aluminum alloy are generally spaced out of contact with each other.
5. A gettering structure comprising: A. sintered particulate zirconium, B. a particulate zirconium-aluminum alloy comprising 5 to 30 weight percent aluminum, balance zirconium wherein the particles of the zirconium-aluminum alloy are larger than the particles of zirconium and are distributed throughout the particles of zirconium wherein the weight ratio A:B is from 19: 1 to 2:3 and wherein said particles of zirconium-aluminum alloy are generally spaced out of contact with each other.
5. the particles of the alloy are distributed evenly throughout the particles of zirconium,
6. the particles of the alloy are generally spaced out of contact with one another,
7. the weight ratio of A:B is 10:1 to 1:1.
US383677A 1972-08-10 1973-07-30 Gettering structure Expired - Lifetime US3926832A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT28053/72A IT963874B (en) 1972-08-10 1972-08-10 IMPROVED GETTER DEVICE CONTAINING NON-EVAPORABLE MATERIAL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3926832A true US3926832A (en) 1975-12-16
US3926832B1 US3926832B1 (en) 1984-12-18

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US (1) US3926832A (en)
JP (1) JPS531141B2 (en)
CA (1) CA988911A (en)
DE (1) DE2340102C3 (en)
ES (1) ES417664A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2327817A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1432030A (en)
IT (1) IT963874B (en)
NL (1) NL154613B (en)
SU (1) SU640685A3 (en)

Cited By (51)

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FR2360844A1 (en) * 1976-08-05 1978-03-03 Philips Nv SOLAR COLLECTOR REPRESENTING AN VACUUM AIR COVER
US4131511A (en) * 1977-02-04 1978-12-26 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Nuclear fuel element
US4146497A (en) * 1972-12-14 1979-03-27 S.A.E.S. Getters S.P.A. Supported getter
US4210471A (en) * 1976-02-10 1980-07-01 Tdk Electronics, Co., Ltd. Permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
US4213803A (en) * 1976-08-31 1980-07-22 Tdk Electronics Company Limited R2 Co17 Rare type-earth-cobalt, permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
FR2484138A1 (en) * 1980-06-04 1981-12-11 Getters Spa COMPOSITION AND DEGASSING STRUCTURE, PARTICULARLY USEFUL AT LOW TEMPERATURE, AND THEIR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VACUUM CONTAINERS OR CONTAINING RARE GASES
DE3318524A1 (en) * 1982-05-20 1983-11-24 S.A.E.S. Getters S.p.A., Milano VACUUM SEALED FLUID TRANSPORT PIPELINE SECTION
DE3316454A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-22 kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover PIPE SYSTEM CONTAINING TWO OR SEVERAL CONCENTRIC TUBES
DE3509465A1 (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-19 S.A.E.S. Getters S.P.A., Mailand/Milano METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROESIS, NON-VAPORIZED GETTER DEVICES AND GETTER DEVICES MADE THEREOF
FR2561442A1 (en) * 1984-02-02 1985-09-20 Gen Electric GETTER FOR INCANDESCENT LAMPS AND HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMPS
GB2157073A (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-10-16 Getters Spa Cathode ray tube with an electrophoretic getter
EP0162673A2 (en) * 1984-05-19 1985-11-27 THORN EMI plc Improvements in tungsten halogen incandescent lamps
US4559471A (en) * 1982-04-28 1985-12-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Device provided with a evacuated bulb comprising a getter and a getter auxiliary means
FR2586138A1 (en) * 1985-08-09 1987-02-13 Getters Spa GETTER FOR PUMPING TUBING
US4691141A (en) * 1985-10-11 1987-09-01 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Dosing composition for high pressure sodium lamps
US4806828A (en) * 1986-07-02 1989-02-21 Thorn Emi Plc High pressure sodium discharge lamps with hydrogen getter
US4898147A (en) * 1987-11-24 1990-02-06 Saes Getters Spa Domestic oven observation window having a low temperature external surface
US5130047A (en) * 1989-05-17 1992-07-14 Tungsram Tr. Getter-composition for lightsources
US5238469A (en) * 1992-04-02 1993-08-24 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing residual hydrogen from a purified gas
US5320496A (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-06-14 Saes Getters Spa High-capacity getter pump
US5382303A (en) * 1992-04-13 1995-01-17 Sps Technologies, Inc. Permanent magnets and methods for their fabrication
US5401298A (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-28 Leybold Inficon, Inc. Sorption pump
US5456740A (en) * 1994-06-22 1995-10-10 Millipore Corporation High-efficiency metal membrane getter element and process for making
US5508586A (en) * 1993-06-17 1996-04-16 Saes Getters S.P.A. Integrated getter device suitable for flat displays
US5610438A (en) * 1995-03-08 1997-03-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Micro-mechanical device with non-evaporable getter
US5685963A (en) * 1994-10-31 1997-11-11 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. In situ getter pump system and method
WO1998003987A1 (en) * 1996-07-23 1998-01-29 Saes Getters S.P.A. Method for the manufacture of supported thin layers of non-evaporable getter material and getter devices thereby manufactured
US5865658A (en) * 1995-09-28 1999-02-02 Micron Display Technology, Inc. Method for efficient positioning of a getter
US5911560A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-06-15 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Getter pump module and system
US5931713A (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-08-03 Micron Technology, Inc. Display device with grille having getter material
US5972183A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-10-26 Saes Getter S.P.A Getter pump module and system
US6013195A (en) * 1996-02-09 2000-01-11 Saes Getters S.P.A. Getter materials capable of being activated at low applied temperatures
US6109880A (en) * 1994-10-31 2000-08-29 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Getter pump module and system including focus shields
US6142742A (en) * 1994-10-31 2000-11-07 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Getter pump module and system
US6322912B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2001-11-27 Cabot Corporation Electrolytic capacitor anode of valve metal oxide
US6373685B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-04-16 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce a niobium metal oxide and oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US6391275B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-05-21 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce a niobium metal oxide and oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US6462934B2 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-10-08 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce a niobium metal oxide and oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US6489720B1 (en) * 1998-09-07 2002-12-03 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image-forming apparatus and fabrication method therefor
US6576099B2 (en) 2000-03-23 2003-06-10 Cabot Corporation Oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US6620297B2 (en) * 2000-09-27 2003-09-16 Saes Getters, S.P.A. Porous getter devices with reduced particle loss and method for manufacturing same
US6639787B2 (en) 2000-11-06 2003-10-28 Cabot Corporation Modified oxygen reduced valve metal oxides
US20040169469A1 (en) * 2001-07-06 2004-09-02 Yoji Hasegawa Non-evaporation type getter, display unit and production method for them
US20040226630A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-11-18 Koenitzer John W. Controlled oxygen addition for metal material
US20050008564A1 (en) * 2003-02-26 2005-01-13 Reed David M. Phase formation of oxygen reduced valve metal oxides and granulation methods
US20050018956A1 (en) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-27 Tyler Sims Clean and test for fluid within a reflection optical switch system
US20050025699A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2005-02-03 Reed David M. Methods of making a niobium metal oxide and oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US7465692B1 (en) 2000-03-16 2008-12-16 Pall Corporation Reactive media, methods of use and assemblies for purifying
WO2013054251A1 (en) 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Saes Getters S.P.A. Non-evaporable getter compositions which can be reactivated at low temperature after exposure to reactive gases at a higher temperature
US20140126683A1 (en) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-08 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Deposition of integrated protective material into zirconium cladding for nuclear reactors by high-velocity thermal application
WO2014091355A1 (en) 2012-12-10 2014-06-19 Saes Getters S.P.A. Non-evaporable getter alloys reactivable after exposure to reactive gases

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JPS52146478U (en) * 1976-04-30 1977-11-07
US4428856A (en) 1982-09-30 1984-01-31 Boyarina Maya F Non-evaporable getter
CA1239980A (en) * 1983-03-10 1988-08-02 Gte Products Corporation Arc tube dosing process for unsaturated high pressure sodium lamp
DE3332608A1 (en) * 1983-09-09 1985-03-28 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München GETTER PUMP FOR HIGH VACUUM AND GAS DISCHARGE SYSTEMS
DE3332660A1 (en) * 1983-09-09 1985-03-28 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München GETTER SORPTION PUMP WITH HEAT STORAGE FOR HIGH VACUUM AND GAS DISCHARGE SYSTEMS
DE102007050289A1 (en) * 2007-10-18 2009-04-23 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Carbon emitter with getter
DE102009024055A1 (en) 2009-06-05 2010-12-09 Netzsch-Gerätebau GmbH Thermal analysis device and thermal analysis method

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Cited By (100)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146497A (en) * 1972-12-14 1979-03-27 S.A.E.S. Getters S.P.A. Supported getter
US4210471A (en) * 1976-02-10 1980-07-01 Tdk Electronics, Co., Ltd. Permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
US4142509A (en) * 1976-08-05 1979-03-06 U.S. Philips Corporation Solar collector comprising an evacuated cover
FR2360844A1 (en) * 1976-08-05 1978-03-03 Philips Nv SOLAR COLLECTOR REPRESENTING AN VACUUM AIR COVER
US4213803A (en) * 1976-08-31 1980-07-22 Tdk Electronics Company Limited R2 Co17 Rare type-earth-cobalt, permanent magnet material and process for producing the same
US4131511A (en) * 1977-02-04 1978-12-26 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Nuclear fuel element
FR2484138A1 (en) * 1980-06-04 1981-12-11 Getters Spa COMPOSITION AND DEGASSING STRUCTURE, PARTICULARLY USEFUL AT LOW TEMPERATURE, AND THEIR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VACUUM CONTAINERS OR CONTAINING RARE GASES
US4559471A (en) * 1982-04-28 1985-12-17 U.S. Philips Corporation Device provided with a evacuated bulb comprising a getter and a getter auxiliary means
US4546798A (en) * 1982-05-20 1985-10-15 S.A.E.S. Getters S.P.A. Vacuum insulated fluid transport pipes and method of construction
DE3318524A1 (en) * 1982-05-20 1983-11-24 S.A.E.S. Getters S.p.A., Milano VACUUM SEALED FLUID TRANSPORT PIPELINE SECTION
DE3316454A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-22 kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover PIPE SYSTEM CONTAINING TWO OR SEVERAL CONCENTRIC TUBES
FR2561442A1 (en) * 1984-02-02 1985-09-20 Gen Electric GETTER FOR INCANDESCENT LAMPS AND HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMPS
US4940300A (en) * 1984-03-16 1990-07-10 Saes Getters Spa Cathode ray tube with an electrophoretic getter
GB2157073A (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-10-16 Getters Spa Cathode ray tube with an electrophoretic getter
NL8500751A (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-10-16 Getters Spa IMAGE AMPLIFIER WITH AN ELECTROPHORETIC GETTERING DEVICE.
NL8500750A (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-10-16 Getters Spa CATHODE JET TUBE WITH AN ELECTROPHORETIC GETTING DEVICE.
DE3509465A1 (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-19 S.A.E.S. Getters S.P.A., Mailand/Milano METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROESIS, NON-VAPORIZED GETTER DEVICES AND GETTER DEVICES MADE THEREOF
DE3509465C2 (en) * 1984-03-16 1998-11-12 Getters Spa Process for the production of porous, non-evaporable getter devices, getter devices thus produced and their use
EP0162673A2 (en) * 1984-05-19 1985-11-27 THORN EMI plc Improvements in tungsten halogen incandescent lamps
EP0162673A3 (en) * 1984-05-19 1987-04-22 THORN EMI plc Improvements in tungsten halogen incandescent lamps
FR2586138A1 (en) * 1985-08-09 1987-02-13 Getters Spa GETTER FOR PUMPING TUBING
US4874339A (en) * 1985-08-09 1989-10-17 Saes Getters S.P.A. Pumping tubulation getter
US4691141A (en) * 1985-10-11 1987-09-01 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Dosing composition for high pressure sodium lamps
US4806828A (en) * 1986-07-02 1989-02-21 Thorn Emi Plc High pressure sodium discharge lamps with hydrogen getter
US4898147A (en) * 1987-11-24 1990-02-06 Saes Getters Spa Domestic oven observation window having a low temperature external surface
US5130047A (en) * 1989-05-17 1992-07-14 Tungsram Tr. Getter-composition for lightsources
USRE35725E (en) * 1992-04-02 1998-02-10 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing residual hydrogen from a purified gas
US5238469A (en) * 1992-04-02 1993-08-24 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Method and apparatus for removing residual hydrogen from a purified gas
US5781843A (en) * 1992-04-13 1998-07-14 The Arnold Engineering Company Permanent magnets and methods for their fabrication
US5382303A (en) * 1992-04-13 1995-01-17 Sps Technologies, Inc. Permanent magnets and methods for their fabrication
US5324172A (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-06-28 Saes Getters S.P.A. High-capacity getter pump
US5320496A (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-06-14 Saes Getters Spa High-capacity getter pump
US5508586A (en) * 1993-06-17 1996-04-16 Saes Getters S.P.A. Integrated getter device suitable for flat displays
US5401298A (en) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-28 Leybold Inficon, Inc. Sorption pump
US5456740A (en) * 1994-06-22 1995-10-10 Millipore Corporation High-efficiency metal membrane getter element and process for making
US6109880A (en) * 1994-10-31 2000-08-29 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Getter pump module and system including focus shields
US5997255A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-12-07 Saes Getters S.P.A. Method for pumping a chamber using an in situ getter pump
US5685963A (en) * 1994-10-31 1997-11-11 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. In situ getter pump system and method
US6165328A (en) * 1994-10-31 2000-12-26 Saes Getters S.P.A. Method for processing wafers with in situ gettering
US5879134A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-03-09 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. In situ getter pump system and method
US5911560A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-06-15 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Getter pump module and system
US6142742A (en) * 1994-10-31 2000-11-07 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. Getter pump module and system
US5972183A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-10-26 Saes Getter S.P.A Getter pump module and system
US6043137A (en) * 1994-10-31 2000-03-28 Saes Getters S.P.A. Getter pump module and system
US5980213A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-11-09 Saes Getters S.P.A. Getter pump module and system
US5993165A (en) * 1994-10-31 1999-11-30 Saes Pure Gas, Inc. In Situ getter pump system and method
US5610438A (en) * 1995-03-08 1997-03-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Micro-mechanical device with non-evaporable getter
US5973445A (en) * 1995-09-28 1999-10-26 Micron Technology, Inc. Device and method for efficient positioning of a getter
US5865658A (en) * 1995-09-28 1999-02-02 Micron Display Technology, Inc. Method for efficient positioning of a getter
US6013195A (en) * 1996-02-09 2000-01-11 Saes Getters S.P.A. Getter materials capable of being activated at low applied temperatures
US6514430B1 (en) * 1996-02-09 2003-02-04 Saes Getters S.P.A. Getter materials capable of being activated at low applied temperatures
US6506319B1 (en) 1996-02-09 2003-01-14 Saes Getters, S.P.A. Getter materials capable of being activated at low applied temperatures
US6016034A (en) * 1996-07-23 2000-01-18 Saes Getters S.P.A. Method for forming supported thin layers of non-evaporable getter material and getter devices formed thereby
WO1998003987A1 (en) * 1996-07-23 1998-01-29 Saes Getters S.P.A. Method for the manufacture of supported thin layers of non-evaporable getter material and getter devices thereby manufactured
CN1118842C (en) * 1996-07-23 2003-08-20 工程吸气公司 Method for manufacture of supported thin layers of non-evaporable getter material and getter device thereby manufactured
US6054808A (en) * 1997-03-19 2000-04-25 Micron Technology, Inc. Display device with grille having getter material
US5931713A (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-08-03 Micron Technology, Inc. Display device with grille having getter material
US6429582B1 (en) 1997-03-19 2002-08-06 Micron Technology, Inc. Display device with grille having getter material
US6489720B1 (en) * 1998-09-07 2002-12-03 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image-forming apparatus and fabrication method therefor
US6322912B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2001-11-27 Cabot Corporation Electrolytic capacitor anode of valve metal oxide
US6373685B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-04-16 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce a niobium metal oxide and oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US6416730B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-07-09 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce a niobium metal oxide oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US6391275B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-05-21 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce a niobium metal oxide and oxygen reduced niobium oxides
US6527937B2 (en) 1998-09-16 2003-03-04 Cabot Corporation Method of making a capacitor anode of a pellet of niobium oxide
US7241436B2 (en) 1998-09-16 2007-07-10 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce certain metal oxides and oxygen reduced metal oxides
US6592740B2 (en) 1998-09-16 2003-07-15 Cabot Corporation Methods to make capacitors containing a partially reduced niobium metal oxide
US6462934B2 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-10-08 Cabot Corporation Methods to partially reduce a niobium metal oxide and oxygen reduced niobium oxides
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ES417664A1 (en) 1976-06-01
NL7311090A (en) 1974-02-12
JPS531141B2 (en) 1978-01-14
GB1432030A (en) 1976-04-14
IT963874B (en) 1974-01-21
SU640685A3 (en) 1978-12-30
FR2327817B1 (en) 1978-05-05
DE2340102C3 (en) 1985-01-31
NL154613B (en) 1977-09-15
JPS5036068A (en) 1975-04-04
FR2327817A1 (en) 1977-05-13
DE2340102B2 (en) 1978-03-09
CA988911A (en) 1976-05-11
DE2340102A1 (en) 1974-02-21
US3926832B1 (en) 1984-12-18

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