US467993A - Alfred jorgensen - Google Patents

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US467993A
US467993A US467993DA US467993A US 467993 A US467993 A US 467993A US 467993D A US467993D A US 467993DA US 467993 A US467993 A US 467993A
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cylinder
yeast
wort
pipe
sterilized
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/58Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/20Degassing; Venting; Bubble traps

Definitions

  • ALFRED .TRGENSEN OF COPENI-IAGEN, DENMARK, AND AXEL BERGI-T, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.
  • This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the production of yeast and similar substances.
  • Dr. E. Chr. Hansen has caused a new departure in fermentation, and his sys- ,tem has been introduced into every country.
  • One feature of his system is the propagating apparatus for the production of absolutely pure yeast.
  • the improved apparatus hereinafter described is designed to be used for the continuous development of a large quantity of absolutely pure yeast, which can be readily developed further in practice.
  • the principal object has been to obviate infection, in order that, on the one hand, the operation can be effected through the medium of a sterilized liquid, and that, on the other hand, a control can be easily obtained over the aeration necessary for the yeast.
  • the said apparatus differs, essentially, from the apparatus heretofore employed for similar purposes and presents several advantages.
  • the appliance which is represented on the accompanying drawing in vertical diameter section, comprises two cylinders, which are placed one above the other and communicate with each other through a pipe ct and a cock b.
  • the cylinderA is surrounded by a jacket divided into two separate compartments t' and a, of which the lowest e', through a steamcock, is connected with a steam-inlet pipe, While the upper one n at the top has an annular aperture m.
  • both cylinders A and B are central vertical axes, which at the bottom -have screw-formed stirrers Z and p,wl1ich approach as near as possible the bottom and sides.
  • the axis and the wings of the cylinder A can be given rotary motion by the means of toothed Wheel connection and pulley, and that in the cylinder B through the medium of a handle or in other suitable manner.
  • cylinder A In the cylinder A is a water-level meter consisting of a float r, which is in connection with the hand s outside the cylinder. Bent air-exit tubes fu. and Z are through cocks connected with the top part, respectively, of cylinders A and B.
  • An air-supply C is, by the means of the tubes c and d and the three cocks e, f, and g, brought into connection with the cylinders B and A.
  • the tube K which is closed in its interior end,-has in that portion which projects into the inner cylinder perforations in its sides, through which holes the sterilized air being led through the tube can pass into the wort, and which is placed horizontally at the bottom of the cylinder A, and is,through the cock g, in connection partly with the tube d and partly with the aperture 7L.
  • At the top of cylinder B is an inlet-tube o.
  • Sterilized air can be conducted through an air-filter C, and thence through two pipes c and d and three cocks e, f, and g to both cylinders.
  • the wort is preferably introduced in the sterilized stateinto the lower cylinderA directly from the brewery, or it may be sterilized in the same cylinder by admitting steam to a chamberz' at the lower part of a casing which surrounds the aforesaid cylinders. After the desired quantity of wort has been admitted the air is introduced in a suitable manner.
  • the third or lower of the above-mentioned cocks g communicates with a pipe 7c, which is arranged in the lower cylinder at a short distance from the bottom of i of stirring the wort.
  • the cooling is effected by causing cold water to pass from an annun lar pipe m, surrounding the upper part of the said cylinder along the outer periphery of the latter, or to circulate either in the chamber n at the lower part of the latter casing round the cylinder or in the entire casing.
  • a quantity of the aerated and cooled wort is forced by air-pressure into the upper cylinder B, which is sterilized by steam or in any other sultable manner.
  • the charged Wort can be caused to pass through the abovementioned cock band piped back to the lower cylinder A, either at once or after it has been allo-wed to ferment in the upper cylinder.
  • the yeast contained in the lower cylinder A has likewise been started and the yeast has been properly mixed with the same a denite quantity is forced into the upper cylinder B.
  • the charged wort and both cylinders must be kept at a temperature adapted for the continuation of fermentation.
  • this apparatus has for its obJect to produce pure yeast for use on a large scale, it is a matter of course that this yeast can be removed either when the fermentation has reached its highest stage or after the yeast formed has fallen to the bottom of the cylinder.
  • the entire mass is stirred on the third or fourth day of fermentation by means of the above-mentioned agitator Z, and is then removed and added to the wort in a large fermenting-vessel.
  • the beer standing over the yeast is let o through the pipe la near the bottom of the cylinder and the lower of the three cocks gas the said pipe k occupies such a position that enough beer will remain in thecylinder to keep the sediment suiiciently liquid for removal.
  • the superfluous air and the carbonic acid produced escape through two bent pipes t and u, connected with the upper and lower cylinder. In either of these cases a sufticient'quantity of fermenting-Wort must comparatively small size.
  • the yeast is forced beforehand into the upper cylinder B for enabling a fresh fermentation to be subsequently commenced therewith in the lower cylinder A.
  • the lower cylinder A is cleaned and sterilized.
  • the wort is introduced in the manner described and treated with the yeast formed in the upper cylinder B under similar conditions, whereupon the upper cylinder B is cleaned and sterilized. This-operation is repeated every time.
  • the second cylinder instead of being arranged above the first, as hereinbefore described, can be placed by the side of the same.
  • the pipe a through which the two cylinders are connected, extends so far down in the first cylinder that the level of theliquid will not descend below the same.
  • Sediment yeast can be used 'in the second .cylinder B, which has been previously sterilized. In this ease the latter can be made of After the beer has been discharged by means of pure air a suitable quantity of the agitated sediment yeast is forced into the cylindervand kept therein until this cylinder has been supplied with aerated and cooled wort.
  • a propagating apparatus for the production of micro ⁇ organisms, especially pure cult ured yeast consisting of the combinatiomwith lower cylinder A, provided with a central agitator and means for rotating the same, a perforated airinlet pipe located near the bottom, and a trapped outlet-pipe leading from the top, an indicatorl s, and iioat fr, and a connecting-pipe a, leading to upper cylinder B, of said upper cylinder B, also provided with a central agitatorv and means for rotating the same, and a trapped outlet for air and gases, both cylinders being provided with suitable inlet and outlet pipes for wort and yeast and with a sterilized air-supply, as set forth.

Description

(No Model.)
A. JRGBNSBN & A. BERGH. APPARATUS POR THE PRODUCTION-0F YBAST 0R SIMILAR SUBSTANGBS. No. 467,993. Patented Feb. 2, 1892.
llllll UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ALFRED .TRGENSEN, OF COPENI-IAGEN, DENMARK, AND AXEL BERGI-T, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 467,993, dated February 2, 1892.
Application tiled May 12, 1890. Serial No. 351,554. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern,.-
' Be it known that we, ALFRED J RGENsEN, I
a subject of the King of Denmark, residing at Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, and AXEL BERGH, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Stockholm, in the Kir1gdom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Production of Yeast and Similar Substances; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. t
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the production of yeast and similar substances. By his important scientitic labors Dr. E. Chr. Hansen has caused a new departure in fermentation, and his sys- ,tem has been introduced into every country.
One feature of his system is the propagating apparatus for the production of absolutely pure yeast.
The improved apparatus hereinafter described is designed to be used for the continuous development of a large quantity of absolutely pure yeast, which can be readily developed further in practice. In the construction of this apparatus the principal object has been to obviate infection, in order that, on the one hand, the operation can be effected through the medium of a sterilized liquid, and that, on the other hand, a control can be easily obtained over the aeration necessary for the yeast. The said apparatus differs, essentially, from the apparatus heretofore employed for similar purposes and presents several advantages.
The appliance, which is represented on the accompanying drawing in vertical diameter section, comprises two cylinders, which are placed one above the other and communicate with each other through a pipe ct and a cock b. The cylinderA is surrounded by a jacket divided into two separate compartments t' and a, of which the lowest e', through a steamcock, is connected with a steam-inlet pipe, While the upper one n at the top has an annular aperture m. In both cylinders A and B are central vertical axes, which at the bottom -have screw-formed stirrers Z and p,wl1ich approach as near as possible the bottom and sides. The axis and the wings of the cylinder A can be given rotary motion by the means of toothed Wheel connection and pulley, and that in the cylinder B through the medium of a handle or in other suitable manner.
In the cylinder A is a water-level meter consisting of a float r, which is in connection with the hand s outside the cylinder. Bent air-exit tubes fu. and Z are through cocks connected with the top part, respectively, of cylinders A and B.
An air-supply C is, by the means of the tubes c and d and the three cocks e, f, and g, brought into connection with the cylinders B and A. The tube K, which is closed in its interior end,-has in that portion which projects into the inner cylinder perforations in its sides, through which holes the sterilized air being led through the tube can pass into the wort, and which is placed horizontally at the bottom of the cylinder A, and is,through the cock g, in connection partly with the tube d and partly with the aperture 7L. At the top of cylinder B is an inlet-tube o.
The appliance is used as follows: Sterilized air can be conducted through an air-filter C, and thence through two pipes c and d and three cocks e, f, and g to both cylinders. The wort is preferably introduced in the sterilized stateinto the lower cylinderA directly from the brewery, or it may be sterilized in the same cylinder by admitting steam to a chamberz' at the lower part of a casing which surrounds the aforesaid cylinders. After the desired quantity of wort has been admitted the air is introduced in a suitable manner. For this purpose the third or lower of the above-mentioned cocks g communicates with a pipe 7c, which is arranged in the lower cylinder at a short distance from the bottom of i of stirring the wort. The cooling is effected by causing cold water to pass from an annun lar pipe m, surrounding the upper part of the said cylinder along the outer periphery of the latter, or to circulate either in the chamber n at the lower part of the latter casing round the cylinder or in the entire casing. A quantity of the aerated and cooled wort is forced by air-pressure into the upper cylinder B, which is sterilized by steam or in any other sultable manner. Absolutely pure yeast produced in thelaboratory is introduced through a pipe o into the upper cylinder and is intimately mixed with the wort by means of the hehcal agitator p, arranged at the bottom of this cylinder. In order to enable the quantity of wort which has been introduced into the lower cylinder and forced upward into the upper cylinder to be indicated without the yuse of a gage-glass, a float r is connected by means of an arm to a spindle s, which extends to the outside of the cylinder and carries a hand which indicates the level ofk the liquid in the said cylinder A. Vhen the yeast has been intimately mixed with the wort in the upper cylinderB, the charged Wort can be caused to pass through the abovementioned cock band piped back to the lower cylinder A, either at once or after it has been allo-wed to ferment in the upper cylinder. After the wort contained in the lower cylinder A has likewise been started and the yeast has been properly mixed with the same a denite quantity is forced into the upper cylinder B. The charged wort and both cylinders must be kept at a temperature adapted for the continuation of fermentation. As this apparatus has for its obJect to produce pure yeast for use on a large scale, it is a matter of course that this yeast can be removed either when the fermentation has reached its highest stage or after the yeast formed has fallen to the bottom of the cylinder. In the former case the entire mass is stirred on the third or fourth day of fermentation by means of the above-mentioned agitator Z, and is then removed and added to the wort in a large fermenting-vessel. In the latter case the beer standing over the yeast is let o through the pipe la near the bottom of the cylinder and the lower of the three cocks gas the said pipe k occupies such a position that enough beer will remain in thecylinder to keep the sediment suiiciently liquid for removal. The superfluous air and the carbonic acid produced escape through two bent pipes t and u, connected with the upper and lower cylinder. In either of these cases a sufticient'quantity of fermenting-Wort must comparatively small size.
be forced beforehand into the upper cylinder B for enabling a fresh fermentation to be subsequently commenced therewith in the lower cylinder A. When the yeast has been removed, the lower cylinder A is cleaned and sterilized. The wort is introduced in the manner described and treated with the yeast formed in the upper cylinder B under similar conditions, whereupon the upper cylinder B is cleaned and sterilized. This-operation is repeated every time.
It is evident that the second cylinder, instead of being arranged above the first, as hereinbefore described, can be placed by the side of the same. The pipe a, through which the two cylinders are connected, extends so far down in the first cylinder that the level of theliquid will not descend below the same.
Sediment yeast can be used 'in the second .cylinder B, which has been previously sterilized. In this ease the latter can be made of After the beer has been discharged by means of pure air a suitable quantity of the agitated sediment yeast is forced into the cylindervand kept therein until this cylinder has been supplied with aerated and cooled wort.
It will be readily understood that the improved apparatus is also vadapted for development of other organisms than those used for the production of yeastfor use in the manufacture of beer and spirits.
Having fully described our invention, what we desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is- A propagating apparatus for the production of micro` organisms, especially pure cult ured yeast, consisting of the combinatiomwith lower cylinder A, provided with a central agitator and means for rotating the same, a perforated airinlet pipe located near the bottom, and a trapped outlet-pipe leading from the top, an indicatorl s, and iioat fr, and a connecting-pipe a, leading to upper cylinder B, of said upper cylinder B, also provided with a central agitatorv and means for rotating the same, and a trapped outlet for air and gases, both cylinders being provided with suitable inlet and outlet pipes for wort and yeast and with a sterilized air-supply, as set forth.
In testimony whereof we affix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.
ALFRED J ORGENSEN.
AXEL BERGH.
VVit-nesses:
HILMAR BAssU, NILJELTE CLAUssUR.
IOO
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2657174A (en) * 1949-06-17 1953-10-27 Stich Eugen Georg Continuous manufacture of yeast
US6391638B1 (en) 1996-09-26 2002-05-21 Metabogal, Ltd. Cell/tissue culturing device and method
US20040256891A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Horst Schonebeck Vehicle roof module
US20050019556A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-01-27 Surromed, Inc. Labeling and authentication of metal objects
US20050032211A1 (en) * 1996-09-26 2005-02-10 Metabogal Ltd. Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method
US20060204487A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2006-09-14 Protalix Ltd. Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture
US20080038232A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2008-02-14 Protalix Ltd. Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture
US20100112700A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2010-05-06 Protalix Ltd. Large scale disposable bioreactor
US20100198334A1 (en) * 2001-11-23 2010-08-05 Surpass Medical Ltd. Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms
US20100196345A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2010-08-05 Protalix Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2657174A (en) * 1949-06-17 1953-10-27 Stich Eugen Georg Continuous manufacture of yeast
US20090053762A1 (en) * 1996-09-26 2009-02-26 Protalix Ltd. Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method
US6391638B1 (en) 1996-09-26 2002-05-21 Metabogal, Ltd. Cell/tissue culturing device and method
US20020110915A1 (en) * 1996-09-26 2002-08-15 Metabogal Ltd. Cell/tissue culturing device and method
US20050032211A1 (en) * 1996-09-26 2005-02-10 Metabogal Ltd. Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method
US20100136673A1 (en) * 1996-09-26 2010-06-03 Protalix Ltd. Cell/tissue culturing device, system and method
US7942925B2 (en) 2001-07-09 2011-05-17 Surpass Medical Ltd. Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms
US8419787B2 (en) 2001-11-23 2013-04-16 Surpass Medical Ltd Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms
US20100198334A1 (en) * 2001-11-23 2010-08-05 Surpass Medical Ltd. Implantable intraluminal device and method of using same in treating aneurysms
US20110182868A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2011-07-28 Protalix Ltd. Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture
US8227230B2 (en) 2003-04-27 2012-07-24 Protalix Ltd. Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture
US20060204487A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2006-09-14 Protalix Ltd. Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture
US20090208477A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2009-08-20 Protalix Ltd. Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture
US20100196345A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2010-08-05 Protalix Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture
US9220737B2 (en) 2003-04-27 2015-12-29 Protalix Ltd. Plant cell culture expressing human lysosomal proteins and uses thereof
US8790641B2 (en) 2003-04-27 2014-07-29 Protalix Ltd. Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture and therapeutic uses thereof
US20080038232A1 (en) * 2003-04-27 2008-02-14 Protalix Ltd. Production of high mannose proteins in plant culture
US7951557B2 (en) 2003-04-27 2011-05-31 Protalix Ltd. Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture
US8741620B2 (en) 2003-04-27 2014-06-03 Protalix Ltd. Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture
US8449876B2 (en) 2003-04-27 2013-05-28 Protalix Ltd. Human lysosomal proteins from plant cell culture
US20050019556A1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-01-27 Surromed, Inc. Labeling and authentication of metal objects
US20040256891A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Horst Schonebeck Vehicle roof module
US20100112700A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2010-05-06 Protalix Ltd. Large scale disposable bioreactor
US10364413B2 (en) 2007-05-07 2019-07-30 Protalix Ltd. Large scale disposable bioreactor

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