US4761115A - Axial-flow fan - Google Patents

Axial-flow fan Download PDF

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Publication number
US4761115A
US4761115A US06/942,735 US94273586A US4761115A US 4761115 A US4761115 A US 4761115A US 94273586 A US94273586 A US 94273586A US 4761115 A US4761115 A US 4761115A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
frame
fan
mounting portions
edges
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/942,735
Inventor
Reinhold Hopfensperger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG filed Critical Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Assigned to STANDARD ELEKTRIK LORENZ AG reassignment STANDARD ELEKTRIK LORENZ AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: HOPFENSPERGER, REINHOLD
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4761115A publication Critical patent/US4761115A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663—Sound attenuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F04D25/0613—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump the electric motor being of the inside-out type, i.e. the rotor is arranged radially outside a central stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
    • F04D29/544—Blade shapes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/914—Device to control boundary layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an axial-flow fan whose blades are rotatably mounted within a frame and are driven by an electric motor attached to the frame by mounting portions.
  • German Patent De-Al No. 25 51 615 An axial-flow fan of a prior design is shown in German Patent De-Al No. 25 51 615.
  • An axial-flow fan mounted within a frame requires a connecting link or links between the outside frame, which surrounds the impeller, and the drive motor, which is mounted at the center.
  • This connecting link hereinafter called “mounting portion,” provides a central mounting of the drive motor; and also provides support for the electric leads or wires connecting to the electric motor.
  • these mounting portions present an air flow resistance which causes both a loss of flow efficiency and additional noise. Therefore, the cross section of these members is kept as small as possible. However, since they are usually located very close to the blades (inlet or outlet side), the flow velocities are relatively high in this area. As the blades pass by, they produce a sound (interfering body near the blade) whose frequency, sound pressure and bandwidth (frequency bandwidth) are determined mainly by the number of blades, fan speed, blade geometry, shape and position of the mounting portions, number of the mounting portions, and distance between mounting portion and blade.
  • this object is achieved by the provision of fan motor mounting portions or struts having the shape of an arrowhead (generally V-shaped in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the blades) pointing in the circumferential direction opposite the circumferential direction of rotation of the fan blades.
  • the mounting portion used in the invention Because of the shape of the mounting portions used in the invention, a guiding effect is produced on the strongly twisted outlet airstream of the axial-flow fan, e.g., the airstream is separated, with the result that the siren-like noise is largely suppressed or completely eliminated.
  • the mounting portion used in the invention presents less resistance to the entire airstream, so that in a comparison measurement, an about 5% higher volume flow rate was determined.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of an axial-flow fan having mounting portions in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are top views of axial-flow fans at whose mounting portions other noise-reducing measures have been taken.
  • the axial-flow fan has a frame 1 which supports a motor-mounting device 3 via mounting portions 2 and 2'.
  • an electric motor (not shown) is mounted to whose rotor an impeller is attached.
  • the blades 4 of this impeller are designed so as to be located in the open space between the frame 1 and the motor-mounting device 3. For the sake of clarity, only one of the blades 4 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the mounting portions 2 and 2' have the shape of an arrowhead and have tips pointing in the clockwise direction, that is, in the circumferential direction opposite the circumferential direction of rotation of the fan blades 4.
  • an interfering body 5 which is located at the end of the mounting portion 2 which is next to the frame.
  • This interfering body 5 forms in effect a circumferentially widened part of the mounting portion 2 at the intersection of the mounting portion 2 and the frame 1 and has the shape of a step extending in the circumferential direction.
  • Such an interfering body is to be located at every mounting portion 2 in order to produce a flow separation in the strongly twisted outlet airstream of the axial flow fan, and it has an advantageous effect on the noise level of the axial-flow fan even if the mounting portions have a shape other than that shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 illustrate another advantageous detail of the invention, i.e., the sculptured edge or face of the mounting portions on the suction side.
  • the texture is sawtooth-shaped; on the lower mounting portion, 2a in FIG. 2 and on mounting portions 2a, in FIG. 4 only one of two mounting portions shown in FIG. 4), the texture is stepped.
  • the mounting portions 2a and 2b curve radially outward.
  • the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 combine these features with the arrowhead-shaped mounting portions illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the speed profile of the air delivered by the axial-flow fan shows a higher speed at the outer circumference or meridian, which is generally caused by higher air speeds at the periphery of the fan blades 4.
  • the cause for the noise is thus to be found in the transition area between the mounting portions (2a and 2b) and the frame 1.
  • the mounting portions and their outer ends (2a' and 2b', respectively) as described above, the noise is suppressed or at least largely reduced by a non-uniform flow separation.
  • the effect of the sawtooth-shaped or stepped surface is produced even if the mounting portions do not have the shape shown in FIG. 1.
  • the invention can be used in axial-flow fans in whch the mounting portions are located on either the pressure or the suction side of the fan.

Abstract

A frame-supported fan in which the mounting portions between the motor and the frame are formed in the shape of an arrowhead and/or are provided with sculptured edges extending to the frame or are provided with interfering bodies mounted to the outer ends of the edges of the frame, so as to reduce unwanted noise by producing non-uniform flow separation in the air stream through the fan.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an axial-flow fan whose blades are rotatably mounted within a frame and are driven by an electric motor attached to the frame by mounting portions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
An axial-flow fan of a prior design is shown in German Patent De-Al No. 25 51 615.
An axial-flow fan mounted within a frame requires a connecting link or links between the outside frame, which surrounds the impeller, and the drive motor, which is mounted at the center. This connecting link, hereinafter called "mounting portion," provides a central mounting of the drive motor; and also provides support for the electric leads or wires connecting to the electric motor.
Aerodynamically, these mounting portions present an air flow resistance which causes both a loss of flow efficiency and additional noise. Therefore, the cross section of these members is kept as small as possible. However, since they are usually located very close to the blades (inlet or outlet side), the flow velocities are relatively high in this area. As the blades pass by, they produce a sound (interfering body near the blade) whose frequency, sound pressure and bandwidth (frequency bandwidth) are determined mainly by the number of blades, fan speed, blade geometry, shape and position of the mounting portions, number of the mounting portions, and distance between mounting portion and blade.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide an axial-flow fan of the above kind which does not produce a siren-like noise in operation, or in which such noise is largely suppressed without impairing the other operating characteristics of the fan.
In accordance with the invention, this object is achieved by the provision of fan motor mounting portions or struts having the shape of an arrowhead (generally V-shaped in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the blades) pointing in the circumferential direction opposite the circumferential direction of rotation of the fan blades.
Because of the shape of the mounting portions used in the invention, a guiding effect is produced on the strongly twisted outlet airstream of the axial-flow fan, e.g., the airstream is separated, with the result that the siren-like noise is largely suppressed or completely eliminated. Compared to the known curved mounting portions, the mounting portion used in the invention presents less resistance to the entire airstream, so that in a comparison measurement, an about 5% higher volume flow rate was determined.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a top view of an axial-flow fan having mounting portions in accordance with the invention, and
FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are top views of axial-flow fans at whose mounting portions other noise-reducing measures have been taken.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring first to FIG. 1, the axial-flow fan has a frame 1 which supports a motor-mounting device 3 via mounting portions 2 and 2'. On the motor-mounting device 3, an electric motor (not shown) is mounted to whose rotor an impeller is attached. The blades 4 of this impeller are designed so as to be located in the open space between the frame 1 and the motor-mounting device 3. For the sake of clarity, only one of the blades 4 is shown in FIG. 1. When operated, the blades 4 rotate in a counter-clockwise direction in the fan shown in FIG. 1. The mounting portions 2 and 2' have the shape of an arrowhead and have tips pointing in the clockwise direction, that is, in the circumferential direction opposite the circumferential direction of rotation of the fan blades 4.
Another detail of the invention is shown in the encircled area 6 of FIG. 1, i.e., an interfering body 5 which is located at the end of the mounting portion 2 which is next to the frame. This interfering body 5 forms in effect a circumferentially widened part of the mounting portion 2 at the intersection of the mounting portion 2 and the frame 1 and has the shape of a step extending in the circumferential direction. Such an interfering body is to be located at every mounting portion 2 in order to produce a flow separation in the strongly twisted outlet airstream of the axial flow fan, and it has an advantageous effect on the noise level of the axial-flow fan even if the mounting portions have a shape other than that shown in FIG. 1.
FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 illustrate another advantageous detail of the invention, i.e., the sculptured edge or face of the mounting portions on the suction side. On the upper mounting portion 2b in FIG. 2 and on mounting portions 2b in FIG. 3 (only one of two mounting portions shown in FIG. 3), the texture is sawtooth-shaped; on the lower mounting portion, 2a in FIG. 2 and on mounting portions 2a, in FIG. 4 only one of two mounting portions shown in FIG. 4), the texture is stepped. In FIG. 2, the mounting portions 2a and 2b curve radially outward. The embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 combine these features with the arrowhead-shaped mounting portions illustrated in FIG. 1.
At the outer circumference of the impeller, the speed profile of the air delivered by the axial-flow fan shows a higher speed at the outer circumference or meridian, which is generally caused by higher air speeds at the periphery of the fan blades 4. The cause for the noise is thus to be found in the transition area between the mounting portions (2a and 2b) and the frame 1. By shaping the mounting portions and their outer ends (2a' and 2b', respectively) as described above, the noise is suppressed or at least largely reduced by a non-uniform flow separation. The effect of the sawtooth-shaped or stepped surface is produced even if the mounting portions do not have the shape shown in FIG. 1. The invention can be used in axial-flow fans in whch the mounting portions are located on either the pressure or the suction side of the fan.

Claims (11)

What is claimed is:
1. An axial flow fan comprising:
a frame having a central opening therein;
fan blades rotatably mounted for rotation in a plane within said frame central opening to produce an airstream through said fan;
an electric motor coupled to said blades to rotate said blades and positioned inside said central opening; and
arrowhead-shaped mounting portions connecting said frame and said electric motor to attach said motor to said frame, each of said mounting portions being V-shaped in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of said blades and having a tip between said frame and said motor, said mounting portions being oriented so that the tips point point in a circumferential direction relative to the center of rotation of said blades;
whereby said mounting portions guide the airstream through the fan and produce an air flow separation so that the generation of siren-like noise by the fan is suppressed.
2. The axial flow fan of claim 1 wherein said mounting portions have edges, said edges have outer ends extending to said frame, and wherein said edges are sculptured in areas near said outer ends to reduce the generation of noise by producing non-uniform flow separation in the airstream.
3. The axial flow fan of claim 2 wherein the sculptured edges have a sawtooth-shaped texture.
4. The axial flow fan of claim 2 wherein the sculptured edges have a stepped surface structure.
5. The axial flow fan of claim 1, further comprising an interfering body, said mounting portions have outer ends extending to said frame, said interfering body being mounted to the outer end of one of said mounting portions to limit the noise level produced by the fan.
6. The axial flow fan of claim 5 wherein said interfering body has the shape of a step extending in the circumferential direction.
7. An axial flow fan, comprising:
a frame having a central opening therein:
fan blades rotatably mounted within said frames central opening to produce an airstream through said fan;
an electric motor coupled to said blades to rotate said blades in a rotational direction and positioned inside said central opening; and
mounting portions connecting said frame and said electric motor to attach said motor to said frame, said mounting portions having edges, said edges having outer ends extending to said frame, said edges facing in a circumferential direction opposite to said rotational direction and being sculptured in areas near said outer ends to reduce the generation of noise by producing non-uniform flow separation in the airstream.
8. An axial flow fan as in claim 7, wherein the sculptured edges have a sawtooth-shaped texture.
9. An axial flow fan as in claim 7, wherein the sculptured edges have a stepped surface structure.
10. An axial flow fan, comprising:
a frame having a central opening therein:
fan blades rotatably mounted within said frame central opening to produce an airstream through said fan;
an electric motor coupled to said blades to rotate said blades in a rotational direction and positioned inside said central opening;
mounting portions connecting said frame and said electric motor to attach said motor to said frame, said mounting portions having outer ends extending to said frame, said outer ends having front edges, said front edges facing in a circumferential direction opposite to said rotational direction; and
interfering bodies mounted to said outer ends at said front edges so as to effectively widen said outer ends in said circumferential direction thereby to produce a non-uniform flow separation in the airstream which reduces the generation of noise.
11. An axial flow fan as in claim 10, wherein said interfering body has the shape of a step extending in said circumferential direction.
US06/942,735 1986-03-19 1986-12-17 Axial-flow fan Expired - Fee Related US4761115A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863609212 DE3609212A1 (en) 1986-03-19 1986-03-19 AXIAL FAN
DE3609212 1986-03-19

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Cited By (24)

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WO1990015667A1 (en) * 1989-06-13 1990-12-27 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator
US5118252A (en) * 1990-05-24 1992-06-02 The W. B. Marvin Manufacturing Company Intake grill for electric fan assembly
US5202024A (en) * 1989-06-13 1993-04-13 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator
US5314300A (en) * 1992-01-13 1994-05-24 Fasco Industries, Inc. Noise control device for centrifugal blower
US5342167A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-08-30 Airflow Research And Manufacturing Corporation Low noise fan
US5466120A (en) * 1993-03-30 1995-11-14 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Blower with bent stays
US6017191A (en) * 1996-12-10 2000-01-25 Papst-Motoren Gmbh & Co. Kg Axial ventilator housing
US6726445B2 (en) * 2001-05-24 2004-04-27 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Reduced noise fan stationary blade
US20040146395A1 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-07-29 Lennox Industries, Inc. Noise reduction by vortex suppression in air flow systems
US20050002784A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 Datech Technology Co., Ltd. Fan with guiding rib in vent
US20050220620A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-06 Walker Craig I Velocity profile impeller vane
US20070116564A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Delta Electronics, Inc. Fan and fan housing with toothed-type connecting elements
US20070173190A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Delta Electronics, Inc. Serial fan with toothed-type connecting elements
US20070253808A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Valeo, Inc. Stator vane having both chordwise and spanwise camber
US20080008592A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-10 Societe De Commercialisation Des Produits De La Recherche Appliquee - Socpra-Sc Method and apparatus for controlling tonal noise from subsonic axial fans
US20110064559A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2011-03-17 Socpra-Sciences Et Genie, S.E.C. Method and apparatus for controlling tonal noise from subsonic fans
US20130039751A1 (en) * 2011-08-11 2013-02-14 Quanta Computer Inc. Centrifugal fan
DE102012213930A1 (en) * 2012-08-07 2014-02-13 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Blower with air inlet nozzle for swirling air flow and air inlet nozzle for a blower
US20150152875A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2015-06-04 Denso Corporation Air blower
US20160363132A1 (en) * 2014-03-13 2016-12-15 Magna Powertrain Bad Homburg GmbH Vehicle cooling fan with aerodynamic stator struts
US9746003B2 (en) 2011-08-18 2017-08-29 Ziehl-Abegg Ag Motor suspension for fans, preferably axial-flow fans, as well as method for manufacturing an air grille of such a motor suspension
US10006471B2 (en) * 2016-08-22 2018-06-26 Acer Incorporated Fan module and electronic device using the same
JP2018526569A (en) * 2015-08-31 2018-09-13 ジール・アベッグ エスエー Fan wheel, fan, and system comprising at least one fan
US11692560B2 (en) * 2018-05-08 2023-07-04 Denso Corporation Fan device

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CA2593382A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2007-12-27 Socpra-Sciences Et Genie S.E.C. Method and apparatus for controlling tonal noise from subsonic axial fans

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990015667A1 (en) * 1989-06-13 1990-12-27 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator
US5202024A (en) * 1989-06-13 1993-04-13 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator
US5118252A (en) * 1990-05-24 1992-06-02 The W. B. Marvin Manufacturing Company Intake grill for electric fan assembly
US5314300A (en) * 1992-01-13 1994-05-24 Fasco Industries, Inc. Noise control device for centrifugal blower
US5342167A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-08-30 Airflow Research And Manufacturing Corporation Low noise fan
US5466120A (en) * 1993-03-30 1995-11-14 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Blower with bent stays
US6017191A (en) * 1996-12-10 2000-01-25 Papst-Motoren Gmbh & Co. Kg Axial ventilator housing
US6726445B2 (en) * 2001-05-24 2004-04-27 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Reduced noise fan stationary blade
US20040146395A1 (en) * 2003-01-27 2004-07-29 Lennox Industries, Inc. Noise reduction by vortex suppression in air flow systems
US6866474B2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2005-03-15 Lennox Industries, Inc. Noise reduction by vortex suppression in air flow systems
US20050002784A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 Datech Technology Co., Ltd. Fan with guiding rib in vent
US20050220620A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-10-06 Walker Craig I Velocity profile impeller vane
US7179057B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2007-02-20 Weir Slurry Group, Inc. Velocity profile impeller vane
AU2005231773B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2010-03-04 WHW Group, Inc. Improved velocity profile impeller vane
US7618236B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2009-11-17 Delta Electronics, Inc. Fan and fan housing with toothed-type connecting elements
JP4616233B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2011-01-19 台達電子工業股▲ふん▼有限公司 Fan frame and fan
DE102006020479B4 (en) * 2005-11-18 2016-06-16 Delta Electronics, Inc. Fan and fan housing with tooth-shaped connecting elements
JP2007138927A (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-06-07 Taida Electronic Ind Co Ltd Fan frame and fan
US20070116564A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Delta Electronics, Inc. Fan and fan housing with toothed-type connecting elements
US20070173190A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Delta Electronics, Inc. Serial fan with toothed-type connecting elements
US7661927B2 (en) * 2006-01-23 2010-02-16 Delta Electronics, Inc. Serial fan with toothed-type connecting elements
US7832981B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2010-11-16 Valeo, Inc. Stator vane having both chordwise and spanwise camber
US20070253808A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 Valeo, Inc. Stator vane having both chordwise and spanwise camber
US20110064559A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2011-03-17 Socpra-Sciences Et Genie, S.E.C. Method and apparatus for controlling tonal noise from subsonic fans
US20080008592A1 (en) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-10 Societe De Commercialisation Des Produits De La Recherche Appliquee - Socpra-Sc Method and apparatus for controlling tonal noise from subsonic axial fans
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EP0237976A2 (en) 1987-09-23
EP0237976A3 (en) 1989-03-01
DE3609212A1 (en) 1987-09-24

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