US4816926A

US4816926A - Rotary head digital audio tape recorder with multiple recording modes

Info

Publication number: US4816926A
Application number: US06/807,514
Authority: US
Inventors: Hisayoshi Moriwaki; Kenji Nakano
Original assignee: Sony Corp
Current assignee: Sony Corp
Priority date: 1984-04-18
Filing date: 1985-04-18
Publication date: 1989-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2006-03-28
Also published as: DE3576425D1; EP0179920B1; WO1985004979A1; EP0179920A4; EP0179920A1; JPS60223079A

Abstract

This invention relates to an information signal recording apparatus which can be used also as an audio tape recorder only. When it is used only as the audio tape recorder, an audio signal is sampled with a frequency m times the sampling frequency of an audio signal which is used upon recording a video signal and the thus sampled PCM digital audio signal is diffusively recorded on at least two recording intervals thereby to improve the tone quality of the audio signal and the compatibility with the audio tape recorder using a video tape recorder of the same kind can be established.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to an information signal recording apparatus such as a small-sized cassette type video tape recorder (hereinbelow an 8 mm video tape recorder) in which a magnetic tape the tape width of which is, 8 mm is employed and which can be used also as only an audio tape recorder.

BACKGROUND ART

A rotary magnetic head assembly 1 used in, for example, an 8 mm video tape recorder consists of a pair of rotary heads H_A and H_B having different azimuth angles which are provided so as to keep an angular spacing of nearly 180° therebetween and a rotary drum 2 around which a magnetic tape 3 is obliquely wrapped over an angular range of a little over 216° as shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 shows a track pattern formed by the rotary heads H_A and H_B when they trace the magnetic tape with the above tape wrapping angle, in which each of the

slant tracks

4A and 4B is divided into a video signal recording interval (hereinafter a video interval) T_V and an audio signal recording interval (hereinafter an audio interval) T_A shown by a hatched area.

The audio interval T_A is assigned to a duration of a rotation angle of nearly 36° of the rotary heads H_A and H_B when they have begun to contact with the magnetic tape 3, while the video interval T_V is assigned to the remaining duration of nearly remaining 180°. A video signal of one field amount is recorded in the video interval T_V. In the audio interval T_A, there is recorded an audio signal relating to the video signal of one field amount as a PCM digital audio signal under the condition that the time base thereof is compressed.

There is proposed such an 8 mm video tape recorder having such tape format which can be used also as an audio tape recorder U.S. Pat. No. 4,542,419 issued Sept. 17, 1985.

According to the technique disclosed in the above patent, when the video tape recorder is used only as an audio tape recorder, the video interval T_V is used as the audio interval T_A. Since the video interval T_V is 5 times as long as the audio interval T_A, the audio intervals T_A of ○0 to ○5 can be recorded each of the

slant tracks

4A and 4B as shown in FIG. 3. Accordingly, when the audio signal from the same source is recorded, the recording time becomes 6 times as compared with that when being used as the video tape recorder. Further, when different audio signals are recorded on the respective audio intervals T_A of ○0 to ○5 , the audio signals of 6 channel amounts can be recorded simultaneously.

By the way, since the audio signal is the PCM digital audio signal as described hereinabove and the sampling frequency thereof is 2f_H (f_H is the horizontal frequency), the frequency band thereof is narrower than that of the audio signal reproduced from a PCM audio compact disc and hence the quality of the audio signal is deteriorated.

That is, according to the audio tape recorder provided by the prior art disclosed in the above published document, the recording time can be prolonged or the number of the recording channels can be increased but the tone quality is not improved at all.

Therefore, this invention is to propose an information signal recording apparatus which can improve a tone quality of an audio signal obtained when the apparatus is used as only an audio tape recorder and which is arranged to be compatible so that an audio signal, which is recorded to improve the tone quality, can be reproduced by a prior art audio tape recorder.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, when recording only an audio signal, a plurality of recording intervals that are the same as an audio signal recording interval are formed on a magnetic track, and a PCM digital audio signal sampled by the frequency m times (m is an integer) the sampling frequency f_s of an audio signal used upon recording a video signal is recorded on at least two recording intervals of the plurality of recording intervals under the condition that the time base thereof is compressed.

According to this circuit arrangement, since the sampling frequency becomes m times the sampling frequency of the audio signal, the frequency characteristic is extended to the high frequency band so that the tone quality can be improved. Further, since the audio signal is diffusively recorded on at least two recording intervals, the apparatus of the present invention can achieve a compatibility with a prior art audio tape recorder which uses one recording interval to record the audio signal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a video tape recorder useful for explaining this invention,

FIGS. 2 and 3 are track pattern diagrams useful for explaining the operation thereof,

FIG. 4 is a systematic diagram showing a main part of an embodiment of an information signal recording apparatus according to this invention,

FIG. 5 is a systematic diagram showing a main part of an embodiment of a reproducing apparatus thereof,

FIGS. 6 to 8E and FIGS. 10 to 12C are respectively waveform diagrams useful for explaining the operation thereof, and FIG. 9 is a track pattern diagram useful for explaining the operation thereof.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

An information signal recording apparatus according to this invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4 and the followings, in which an embodiment of the apparatus is applied to the 8 mm video tape recorder.

FIG. 4 is a systematic diagram showing a main part of an embodiment of an information signal recording apparatus 10 according to the present invention. A video signal Sv applied to a terminal 11 is supplied to a video processor 12 which processes it to become a signal having a suitable signal format. Then, it is supplied to a pair of

switching circuits

13 and 14, in which the video signal Sv is alternately selected at every field. The respective video signals Sv are respectively supplied via

amplifiers

15 and 16 to the corresponding rotary heads H_A and H_B and thereby recorded on the corresponding video intervals T_V at every field.

A switching circuit 17, provided at the output stage of the video processor 12, is changed in position to the earth terminal side only when the apparatus is used as the audio tape recorder, preventing the video output Sv from being supplied to the rotary heads H_A and H_B. Therefore, a switching pulse Ps is such a pulse which relates to the changing-over (manually) of the using mode between the video tape recorder and only the audio tape recorder.

Left and right audio signals S_L and S_R fed to

terminals

20L and 20R are supplied to a noise reduction circuit 21, in which the noises thereof are reduced. Then, they are supplied to an A/D converter 22 and thereby the left and right audio signals S_L and S_R are alternately A/D-converted. In the video tape recorder, a sampling frequency f_s for A/D conversion is 2f_H (f_H is the horizontal frequency) and the quantization bit number is 10 bits. A PCM digital audio signal S_D is supplied to a data distributor 23 serving as a buffer and then to a pair of

bit converters

24 and 25 in which it is subjected to a 10-8 bit compressing processing.

When the above apparatus is used as the video tape recorder, the function of the data distributer 23 is inhibited and also the function of one bit converter 25 is inhibited.

8-bit non-linearly quantized digital audio signals S_D (S_DO and S_DE) are respectively supplied to

PCM processors

26 and 27 each of which uses the frequency 2f_H as the clock frequency thereof, in which their error correction and interleave processing are carried out. Then, the digital audio signal S_D corresponding to the video signal S_V of one field is compressed in time base by using a RAM and the like. The digital audio signal S_D (S_DO ', S_DE ') with the time base compressed is supplied through an OR circuit 28 to the pair of

switching circuits

13 and 14, respectively.

The pair of

switching circuits

13 and 14 carry out different switching operation between the video tape recorder and the audio only tape recorder. Further, the signal system from the A/D converter 22 to the PCM processor 27 becomes different signal systems between when the apparatus is used as the video tape recorder and only the audio tape recorder. Reference numeral 30 shows an example of a control circuit for producing various signals necessary for such operation modes.

In the control circuit 30, to a terminal 31, there is supplied a control pulse P_M relating to the changing-over of the apparatus between the video tape recorder and the audio tape recorder. In response to the control pulse, a control pulse generating circuit 32 produces predetermined control pulses P₁ to P₄. The control pulse P₁ is used to change-over the sampling frequencies f_s and f_s ' that are to be supplied to the A/D converter 22. The sampling frequencies f_s =nf_H and f_s '=mf_s (n is a positive number and m is an integer), generated from an oscillator 33 are supplied to a switching circuit 34 and any one of the sampling frequencies f_s and f_s ' selected by the afore-mentioned control pulse P₁ is supplied to the A/D converter 22.

The control pulse P₂ is used to control the data distributor 23, the control pulse P₃ is used to control one bit converter 25 and the control pulse P₄ is used to control one PCM processor 27.

The control pulse P_M is further supplied to a generating circuit 36 for generating a recording area pulse P_E and to a delay circuit 37 for delaying a head switching pulse P_RF. As will be described later, when the control pulse P_M is "L", one recording area pulse P_E is generated per one field, while when it is "H", there are produced two recording area pulses P_E per one field. Further, only when the control pulse P_M is "H", the head switching pulse P_RF is delayed by a predetermined time.

The recording area pulse P_E and the head switching pulse P_RF are supplied to a first AND circuit 38 which generates a switching pulse P_S1, while this recording area pulse P_E and a head switching pulse P_RF, which results from inverting the head switching pulse by an inverter 40, are supplied to a second AND circuit 39 which produces a switching pulse P_S2. The switching pulse P_S1 is supplied to the first switching circuit 13 and the switching pulse P_S2 is supplied to the second switching circuit 14, respectively.

In this circuit arrangement, let it be assumed that in the video tape recorder mode, the control pulse P_M becomes "L", while in the audio only tape recorder mode, it becomes "H". First of all, the video tape recorder mode (normal use mode) will be described.

In the video tape recorder mode, the sampling frequency f_s of 2f_H is selected by the control pulse P₁ generated upon this mode and the data distributor 23, the bit converter 25 and the PCM processor 27 are stopped in function by the control pulses P₂ to P₄. As a result, the digital audio signal S_D, which is sampled by the sampling frequency 2f_H, is passed through the data distributor 23, bit-converted and pulse code-modulated. Thereafter, it is fed to the pair of switching

circuits

13 and 14.

Further, in this mode, one recording area pulse P_E shown in FIG. 6B is generated. In this example, the pulse width and the pulse generating timing of the recording area pulse P_E are determined such that it is produced in correspondence with the audio interval T_A shown in FIG. 2. Since the head switching pulse P_RF (FIG. 6A) is supplied to the first and second AND

circuits

38 and 39 as it is, therefrom there are produced the first and second switching pulses P_S1 and P_S2 as shown in FIGS. 6C and 6D. When the first and second switching pulses P_S1 and P_S2 are respectively "H", the movable contact arms of the

switching circuits

13 and 14 are changed in position to the sides shown by the solid lines. Since the period of the head switching pulse P_RF corresponds to the video interval T_V shown in FIG. 2, during a predetermined period until each video interval T_V begins, or only during the audio interval T_A, the digital audio signal S_D is supplied to the corresponding rotary heads H_A and H_B and thereby the digital audio signal S_D is recorded.

During a period in which the first and second switching pulses P_S1 and P_S2 are "L", the video signal S_V is recorded on the video interval T_V. Accordingly, the video signal S_V and the digital audio signal S_D are recorded with normal recording patterns.

On the contrary, when the video tape recorder is changed over in mode to the audio tape recorder mode which is intended to improve the tone quality, the mfs is selected as the sampling frequency f_s '. In this embodiment, in order to improve the frequency characteristics of the audio signals S_L and S_R, m=2 and, accordingly, n=4 are established so that the audio signals S_L and S_R are sampled by the sampling frequency twice the sampling frequency used in the video tape recorder and thereby converted to the PCM digital audio signal S_D.

Further, by the control pulses P₂ to P₄, the data distributor 23, the bit converter 25 and the PCM processor 17 are respectively operated to sequentially distributes the data alternately in such a manner that on the basis of the left and right portions L and R of the digital audio signal S_D in which left and right audio signals S_L and S_R are alternately and sequentially digitized as shown in FIG. 8A, the data distributor 23 alternately distributes an odd digital audio signal S_DO as shown in, for example, FIG. 8C to one bit converter 24 and an even digital audio signal S_DE as shown in FIG. 8B to the other bit converter 25, sequentially.

The digital audio signals S_DO and S_DE thus bit-converted are respectively subjected to the pre-determined digitizing process in the

PCM processors

26 and 27. The processing rates of the

PCM processors

26 and 27 are each 1/2f_H same as that of the video tape recorder. Accordingly, the digital audio signals S_DO ' and S_DE ' after being digitally processed become as shown in FIGS. 8D and 8E. The output timing of one digital audio signal S_DE ' is provided after one digital audio signal S_DO ' was produced.

When the apparatus is used as only the audio tape recorder as mentioned above, the generating circuit 36 produces the two recording area pulses P_E shown in FIG. 7B. The former pulse of the recording area pulses P_E corresponds to the audio interval T_A shown in FIG. 2 as described above in this embodiment, while the latter pulse corresponds to an auxiliary audio interval T_A ' whose length is the same as the audio interval which follows the audio interval T_A in the video interval T_V as shown in FIG. 9 in this embodiment. In the audio tape recorder only, the delay circuit 37 is operated to delay the head switching pulse P_RF by a time substantially equal to the auxiliary audio interval T_A ', resulting in a delay pulse P_RF ' shown in FIG. 7C.

As a result, since the first and second switching pulses P_S1 and P_S2 shown in FIGS. 7D and 7E are generated, one digital signal S_DO ' is recorded during a period T_F, while the other digital signal S_DE ' is recorded during a period T_B.

When the apparatus is used as the audio tape recorder, the video line is grounded by the switching circuit 17 so that only the digital signals S_DO ' and S_DE ' are recorded.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a reproducing apparatus 50.

The video signal Sv and the digital audio signals S_D, S_DO ' and S_DE ' reproduced by the rotary heads H_A and H_B are supplied through

pre-amplifiers

51 and 52 to a pair of switching

circuits

53 and 54. The video signals Sv selected thereby are reconverted to the original signal form by a video processor 55 and the resultant video signal is delivered to an output terminal 56. A switching circuit 57 is changed in position to the earth side by a control pulse Ps only when the apparatus is used as the audio only tape recorder. On the other hand, the digital audio signals selected by the switching

circuits

53 and 54 are corrected for error and time base-compressed, etc., by a pair of

PCM processors

60 and 61. Thereafter, they are respectively supplied to bit

converters

62 and 63, in which they are subjected to 8-10 conversion. The 10-bit digital audio signals S_DO and S_DE are then supplied through a mixer 64 to a D/A converter 65 and thereby converted to analog signals. Then, the left and right audio signals S_L and S_R therefrom are subjected to the noise reduction processing by a noise reduction circuit 66 and then final audio signals S_L and S_R are developed at

output terminals

67L and 67R, respectively.

A control circuit 80 produces control pulses that are opposite to those of the recording system. On the basis of a control pulse P_M applied to a terminal 81, a pulse generating circuit 82 generates control pulses Pa to Pd. The control pulse P_M is further supplied to an extracting area pulse generating circuit 83 which produces a pair of extracting area pulses Pe and Pf. The control pulse P_M is further fed to a delay circuit 84, whereby the head switching pulse P_RF applied to a terminal 85 is delayed by a predetermined delay time and then delivered. The delayed pulse P_RF ' itself is used as a first switching pulse Psa, while a delay pulse P_RF ' from an inverter 86 is used as a second switching pulse Psb. Reference numeral 92 designates an oscillating circuit for generating frequencies, 2f_H and 4f_H and reference numeral 93 designates a switching circuit therefor.

According to this circuit arrangement, in the normal operation mode in which the apparatus is used as the video tape recorder, the delay circuit 84 is in an inoperative state so that the head switching pulse P_RF and the phase-inverted pulse thereof are supplied to the first and

second switching circuits

53 and 54 as the first and second switching pulses Psa and Psb, respectively, whereby the outputs S_BA and S_BB (FIGS. 10B and 10C) reproduced by the rotary heads H_A and H_B are changed over. Of the reproduced outputs S_BA and S_BB, the video signals Sv are supplied to the video processor 55.

The control pulses Pc and Pd generated in the video tape recorder mode inhibit the functions of both the bit converter 63 and the PCM processor 61 and the control pulse Pb controls the mixer 64 to be set in the through-state. Further, by the control pulse Pa, switching means 88 is controlled so that of the clocks 2f_H and 4f_H generated from the oscillator 89, the clock with the frequency 2f_H is selected and then fed to the D/A converter 65.

Further, the pulse generating circuit 83 produces a latching area pulse Pe shown in FIG. 10E. This pulse is supplied to the PCM processor 60 which latches one of the reproduced outputs S_BA and S_BB reproduced by the rotary heads H_A and H_B during an interval corresponding to the audio interval T_A. That is, only the digital audio signal S_D is latched (FIG. 10D) therein, digitized and then converted to 10-bit data by the bit converter 62. Thus this data is converted to an analog signal by the clock signal with the frequency 2f_H.

In the audio tape recorder operation mode, by the control pulses Pd to Pb, the PCM processor 61, the bit converter 63 and the mixer 64 are respectively operated while by the control pulse Pa, the clock with the frequency 4f_H is selected. Further, the delay circuit 84 is operated and the head switching pulse P_RF is delayed by the delay time substantially same as auxiliary audio interval T_A. This delayed pulse is supplied to the first switching circuit 53 as the first switching pulse Psa and the phase-inverted pulse thereof is supplied to the second switching circuit 54 as the second switching pulse Psb, so that the reproduced outputs S_BA and S_BB shown in FIGS. 11B and 11C are converted to a signal series shown in FIG. 11E, which then are fed to the

PCM processors

60 and 61.

In the audio tape recorder operation mode, the latch area pulse Pe (FIG. 11F) corresponding to the audio interval T_A is generated and the latch area pulse Pf (FIG. 11G) corresponding to the auxiliary audio interval T_A ' is also generated, which then is fed to the other PCM processor 61.

Accordingly, in the PCM processor 60, the digital audio signal S_DO ' is time base-expanded, while in the other PCM processor 61, the digital audio signal S_DE ' is time base-expanded, then they are digitally processed on the basis of the clock with frequency 2f_H, converted to the 10-bit data and then fed to the mixer 64. This mixer 64 is such a circuit to reconvert the digital audio signals S_DO ' and S_DE ' shown in FIGS. 8D and 8E to the digital audio signal S_D shown in FIG. 8A and which is formed of a buffer memory and a switching circuit though not shown. The buffer memory is supplied with the write clock with the frequency 2f_H and the read clock with the frequency 4f_H through a switching means 91. The switching means 91 is changed in position by a control pulse Pg from the pulse generating circuit 80. The digital audio signal S_D thus reversely converted is D/A-converted by the clock with the frequency 4f_H.

As mentioned above, in the audio tape recorder mode, by increasing the sampling frequency f_s ' of the audio signal to 4f_H and digitizing the same, the frequency band of the reproduced audio signal can be extended to the frequency band region much higher than that of the prior art. Although the data amount is increased twice by changing the sampling frequency f_s ' to 4f_H, by providing the auxiliary audio interval T_A ' in the video interval T_V, the increased data amount can be recorded on the auxiliary audio interval T_A '. When the audio data is recorded on the two recording areas separately, if the left and right audio data are alternately dispersed and then recorded on the respective recording areas as described hereinabove, even though the audio signal is reproduced by the prior art tape recorder, the audio data recorded on one of the audio interval T_A and the auxiliary audio interval T_A ' can be reproduced. Therefore, the original audio signal can be reproduced only from the audio data recorded on one of them. In this case, however, the frequency characteristic is deteriorated.

In such case, if the former half of the audio data is recorded on the audio interval T_A and the latter half thereof is recorded on the auxiliary audio interval T_A ', it is not possible to reproduce the original audio signal only by the audio interval T_A.

When the audio data is diffusively recorded, it may be possible that the left audio data is recorded on the audio interval T_A, while the right audio data is recorded on the auxiliary audio interval T_A ', respectively. At that time, in the reproducing apparatus 50, if the left and right audio signals thus D/A-converted are supplied to the noise reduction circuit 66 under the condition that they are short-circuited, the monaural mode is presented. It is needless to say that if they are reproduced in only the audio mode, it is possible to obtain a quasi-monaural sound of which the frequency characteristic is extended twice.

Further, since this recording apparatus 10 can be used as the audio tape recorder only by adding the bit converter, the PCM processor and the data distributor to the circuit system thereof used as the video apparatus, the circuit arrangement thereof can be simplified.

While in the above description the frequency 4f_H is selected as the sampling frequency f_s ' to thereby extend the frequency characteristic twice the prior art, it is possible to obtain the frequency characteristic 1.5 times the prior art by establishing f_s '=3f_H.

In this case, the digital audio signal S_D that was sampled by the frequency 3f_H is converted to the sampling mode with the frequency 2f_H (FIGS. 12A to 12C) by the data distributor 23. Then, similar to the case of FIG. 4, the data is distributed so that the first digital audio signal S_DO (FIG. 12B) is supplied to the first bit converter 24, while the second digital audio signal S_DE (FIG. 12C) is supplied to the second bit converter 25.

If the sampling rate is changed as described above, parts of the audio interval T_A and the auxiliary audio interval T_A ' become respectively a non-recording interval. For this reason, in order to match the signal format with the recording format of the 8 mm video tape recorder, a dummy data is recorded on each of the non-recording intervals. As the dummy data, it is possible to use the data stored in the time base compressing RAMs which are provided in the

PCM processors

26 and 27.

While in the afore-mentioned embodiment the audio signal of one channel amount is recorded, it is possible to record the audio signals of 3 channels simultaneously by utilizing all areas of the video interval T_V. If so, in the case of the same channel, it is possible to prolong the recording time three times as long as that of the prior art.

Further, it is not necessary to divide the recording intervals in good order as the first channel is assigned to the intervals ○5 and ○0 ; the second channel is assigned to the intervals ○1 and ○2 ; and the third interval is assigned to the intervals ○3 and ○4 as shown in FIG. 3 but it is possible to record a single channel or a plurality of channels by using any desired two intervals.

Furthermore, if the audio interval T_A is used as one recording interval, the original audio signal can be reproduced only from the audio data recorded on the audio interval T_A by re-recording the predetermined video signal Sv on the video interval T_V after the audio tape recorder mode was changed over into the video tape recorder mode.

As set forth above, according to this invention, when the apparatus is used only as the audio tape recorder, the frequency characteristic of the reproduced audio signal can be extended more than 1.5 times that of the prior art so that it is possible to easily realize the audio tape recorder of simple arrangement with high tone quality.

In addition, according to this invention, when the audio data is diffusively recorded as mentioned above, the original audio signal can be reproduced with high fidelity by the prior art audio tape recorder although the frequency characteristic is a little deteriorated. Therefore, it is possible to realize a recording apparatus having the compatibility.

Claims

We claim:

1. An information signal recording apparatus in which on one slant magnetic track formed by a rotary head a PCM digital audio signal is recorded under the condition that the time base thereof is compressed, said information signal recording apparatus being formed such that a plurality of recording segments each of which is the same in length are established on said magnetic track, said apparatus comprising:

(a) an analog-to-digital converter for converting an analog audio input signal into a digital audio signal using a first sampling frequency f_s in a first mode and a second sampling frequency mf_s (m is an integer in a second mode;

(b) a data distributor for distributing the output of said analog-to-digital converter to two lines alternately in said second mode;

(c) a first PCM processor and a second PCM processor for respectively encoding the output of said two lines from said data distributor, said first and second PCM processors each having a digital processing rate at 1/f_s and each processing data with a predetermined quantization bit number; and

(d) a mode controller for selectively providing said first mode in which a PCM digital audio signal sampled at said first sampling frequency f_s and processed at said 1/f_s rate and with said predetermined quantization bit number in said first PCM processor is recorded on at least one recording segment of said plurality of recording segments, and for selectively providing said second mode in which a PCM digital audio signal sampled at said second sampling frequency mf_s and processed at said 1/f_s rate and with the same predetermined quantization bit number as in said first mode in both of said first and second PCM processors is diffusively recorded on at least m recording segments.

2. An information signal recording apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a third mode in which on said at least one recording segment a PCM digital audio signal is recorded while on another magnetic track region a frequency modulated video signal is recorded.

3. An information signal recording apparatus according to claim 1, in which said PCM digital audio signals in said first and second modes include left and right audio signals of a stereo audio signal.