US5314632A - Combining dispersant viscosity index improver and detergent additives for lubricants - Google Patents
Combining dispersant viscosity index improver and detergent additives for lubricants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5314632A US5314632A US07/894,390 US89439092A US5314632A US 5314632 A US5314632 A US 5314632A US 89439092 A US89439092 A US 89439092A US 5314632 A US5314632 A US 5314632A
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- detergent
- viscosity
- polymer
- dispersant
- composition
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- C10M167/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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Abstract
Description
______________________________________ TERM DESCRIPTION ______________________________________ Detergent A An overbased calcium sulfonate detergent, having a base to sulfonate molar ratio of about 12:1 and a nominal TBN of 300, made from a mixture of 55% monoalkylaryl sulfonate and 45% dialkyl C.sub.12 benzene sulfonate as described by Jao, J. C. and Joyce Witt, in "Solubilization of Methanol by Calcium Alkylarylsulfonates in Hydrocarbon Media", Langmuir, Volume 6, page 944 (1990). Detergent B A nominal 300 TBN calcium sulfonate, available as Lubrizol ® 6477 from Lubrizol Corp. Detergent C A nominal 300 TBN calcium sulfonate, available as Lubrizol ® 74 from Lubrizol Corp. Detergent D A nominal 300 TBN calcium sulfonate, available as E-611 from Ethyl Corp. Detergent E A nominal 300 TBN calcium sulfonate, available as WITCO ® C-300 from Witco Corp. Detergent F A nominal 300 TBN calcium sulfonate, available as AMOCO ® 9243 from Amoco Chemical Co. Detergent G A nominal 300 TBN magnesium sulfonate, available as WITCO ® M-300 from Witco Corp. Dispersant A Poly(isobutylene) succinimide made by reacting poly(isobutylene) succinic acid anhydride, having a number average molecular weight of about 2,000, with pentaethylenehexamine in a 1:2 molar ratio, respectively, followed by derivitizing by reaction with glycolic acid, formaldehyde and phenol, using the procedure described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,636,322 (Nalesnik), provided as a 50% solution in 100 P Pale Oil. Dispersant An additive composition having 58.2% Dispersant Package A A, 17.4% Detergent A, 13.2% zinc dithiophosphate antiwear agent, 4.5% amine antioxidant, 1.8% - amine friction modifier, 0.9% copper antioxidant, 0.9% polymethacrylate pour point depressant, 0.1% deemulsifier, and 3.0% Lubricating Oil C. Lubricating Naphthenic base oil, available as N-100 Pale Oil Oil A from Texaco, Inc. Lubricating Paraffinic base oil, available as SNO-100 from Oil B Texaco, Inc. Lubricating Paraffinic base oil, available as 100P Pale Oil Oil C from Texaco, Inc. Lubricant Poly(decene-1) base oil having a viscosity atOil D 100° C. of 4 centistokes, available as EMERY ® 3004 from Quantum Chemical Corp. VI Polymer A VI improver polymer which is a random copolymer of about a 60:40 molar ratio of ethylene to propylene, having a number average molecular weight of about 80,000. VI Polymer B Dispersant VI improver polymer which is a random copolymer of about a 60:40 molar ratio of ethylene to propylene, having a number average molecular weight of about 80,000 and grafted with 0.8% maleic anhydride and N-phenyl-1,4- phenylenediamine on essentially each graft. ______________________________________
TABLE I __________________________________________________________________________ Examples 1C-13 Viscosity Analysis Viscosity Additives KV CCS Ex. VI Polymer.sup.a Detergent.sup.b 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. CHSV -25° C. __________________________________________________________________________ 1C None None 19.71 3.74 1.75 1.524 2,075 2C A.sup.c None 61.7 10.14 4.43 3.04 3,500 3C A.sup.c A 62.8 10.4 4.59 3.076 3,550 % Viscosity Increase 3% 4% 6% 2% 4% 4C B.sup.c None 60.6 9.92 4.26 3.062 3,300 5 B.sup.c A 84.6 13.29 6.50 3.398 3,400 % Viscosity Increase 59% 55% 89% 22% 8% 6C A None 46.84 7.97 3.83 2.743 3,200 7C A A 47.78 8.09 3.61 2.596 3,250 % Viscosity Increase 3% 3% -11% -12% 4% 8C B None 45.9 7.84 3.61 2.57 3,100 9 B A 59.5 9.89 4.32 2.83 3,200 % Viscosity Increase 52% 50% 38% 25% 10% 10C.sup.d B None 45.9 7.84 3.61 2.57 3,100 11.sup.d B A 61.0 10.34 4.39 2.80 3,050 % Viscosity Increase 58% 61% 42% 27% -5% 12C.sup.c B None 45.9 7.84 3.61 2.57 3,100 13.sup.c B A 71.3 11.56 5.18 2.89 2,980 % Viscosity Increase 97% 91% 84% 31% -12% __________________________________________________________________________ Notes to Table 1: .sup.a 1.1%, unless otherwise indicated .sup.b 1.7%, unless otherwise indicated .sup.c 1.5% .sup.d using dilute blending procedure .sup.e using concentrated blending procedure
TABLE 2 __________________________________________________________________________ Examples 14C-25 Viscosity Analysis Additives VI Improver/ Viscosity Detergent KV CCS at Ex.Dispersant Premix 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. CHSV -25° C. __________________________________________________________________________14C 1% --.sup.a 49.16 8.10 3.56 2.584 3,300 15C No 57.3 9.53 4.32 2.776 3,300 16 Yes 61.7 9.98 4.30 2.830 3,40017C 2% --.sup.a 52.2 8.46 3.70 2.745 3,550 18C No 57.9 9.46 4.07 2.849 3,550 19 Yes 67.6 10.68 4.62 3.069 3,65020C 3% --.sup.a 55.5 8.83 3.83 2.789 3,750 21C No 61.8 9.93 4.09 2.932 3,850 22 Yes 74.5 11.58 4.94 3.042 3,65023C 4% --.sup.a 58.7 9.20 4.00 2.977 4,100 24C No 63.2 10.01 4.30 3.036 4,150 25 Yes 77.4 11.86 5.05 3.319 4,250 __________________________________________________________________________ Note for Table 2: .sup.a no detergent
TABLE 3 __________________________________________________________________________ Viscosity Analysis of Fully Formulated Lubricant Compositions Additives VI Improver/ Viscosity VI Detergent KV CCS at Ex.Polymer DI Premix 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. CHSV -20° C. __________________________________________________________________________ 24C B None -- 45.9 7.84 3.61 2.57 -- 25C B A No 67.9 10.45 4.48 3.284 2,800 26 B A Yes 72.6 11.09 4.80 3.402 2,710 % Viscosity Increase 22% 25% 34% 15% -- 27C A None -- 47.08 8.06 3.55 2.43 -- 28C A A No 65.1 10.25 4.45 3.224 2,820 29C A A Yes 65.0 10.24 4.37 3.271 2,770% Viscosity Increase 0% 0% -9% 6% -- __________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 4 ______________________________________ Viscosity Analysis of Fully Formulated Lubricant Compositions with Varying VI Improver Concentrations Viscosity KV CCS at Ex.VI Polymer 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. CHSV -20° C. ______________________________________ 29C 1.1%.sup.a 67.9 10.45 4.48 3.284 2,800 30 0.84% 61.7 9.61 4.10 3.049 2,410 31 0.91% 64.1 9.93 4.29 3.211 2,570 32 0.97% 66.4 10.26 4.42 3.112 2,560 33 1.04% 70.2 10.75 4.62 3.258 2,680 ______________________________________ Note to Table 4: .sup.a without preblending VI improver and detergent
TABLE 5 ______________________________________ Dilution of VI Improver/Detergent Premixes Oil Diluent Oil Viscosity Solubility Ex. Detergent (g) (KV at 100° C.) (at 80° C.) ______________________________________34C A 0 --.sup.a Insoluble 35 A 20 3,926 Poor 36A 40 1,804 Soluble 37A 80 423Soluble 38C None 0 1,039Soluble 39C None 20 529Soluble 40C None 40 311Soluble 41C None 80 143 Soluble ______________________________________ Note for Table 5: .sup.a too viscous to measure
TABLE 6 ______________________________________ Diluent and Detergent Concentration Effects on VI Improver/Detergent Premix Viscosification Premix Amounts Viscosity.sup.a Detergent Diluent KV CHSV CCS Ex. A (g) Oil (g) 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. -25° C. ______________________________________ 42 20.4 20 75.6 11.74 2.749 3,150 43 20.4 40 57.6 9.69 2.631 3,100 44 20.4 80 58.2 9.78 2.788 3,150 45 20.4 120 58.8 9.90 2.786 3,150 46 20.4 160 58.4 9.92 2.749 3,150 47 12.0 20 68.2 11.01 2.793 3,250 48 12.0 40 61.6 10.10 2.744 3,050 49 12.0 80 61.5 10.10 2.710 3,250 50 12.0 120 59.6 9.90 2.722 3,250 51 12.0 160 59.0 9.78 2.819 3,250 52 6.0 20 63.7 10.57 2.834 3,000 53 6.0 40 64.9 10.41 2.675 3,100 54 6.0 80 59.2 9.93 2.798 3,250 55 6.0 120 63.2 10.59 2.630 3,000 56 6.0 160 58.9 9.84 2.649 3,200 57 3.0 20 55.3 9.32 2.670 3,200 58 3.0 40 57.3 9.66 2.665 3,250 59 3.0 80 55.3 9.17 2.724 2,870 60 2.5 60 53.7 8.98 2.696 2,950 61 2.0 60 52.2 8.74 2.611 2,960 62 1.5 60 51.4 8.61 2.716 2,94063C 0 0 45.7 7.73 2.565 3,25064C 0 20 46.0 7.69 2.574 3,25065C 0 40 45.7 7.73 2.428 3,25066C 0 80 45.8 7.74 2.483 3,050 ______________________________________ Notes to Table 6: .sup.a of lubricant composition made with premix and added Lubricating Oi A to have VI polymer level of 1.1%.
TABLE 7 ______________________________________ Lubricant Using Various Detergents in VI Improver/Detergent Premixes Viscosity Detergent Diluent KV CHSV CCS Ex. (g) Oil (g) 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. -25° C. ______________________________________67C None 40 45.7 7.73 2.428 3,250 68 B 12.0 40 55.3 9.45 2.645 3,100 69 6.0 40 54.9 9.36 2.595 3,050 70 3.0 40 52.8 8.83 2.644 3,050 71 F 6.0 40 47.3 7.93 2.513 3,300 72 3.0 40 46.4 7.79 2.503 3,250 73 G 12.0 40 50.3 8.36 2.601 3,300 74 6.0 40 50.0 8.29 2.519 3,250 75 3.0 40 49.4 8.22 2.647 3,30076C None 100 45.8 7.72 2.510 3,250 77 C 12.0 100 53.3 8.88 2.646 3,300 78 6.0 100 53.4 8.99 2.577 3,150 79 D 12.0 100 54.2 9.07 2.713 2,620 80 6.0 100 52.1 8.73 2.613 2,820 81 E 12.0 100 51.6 8.59 2.681 3,150 82 6.0 100 51.9 8.64 2.705 3,100 ______________________________________
TABLE 8 ______________________________________ Effect of Detergent Batch Production on Viscosification Using VI Improver/Detergent Premixes Viscosity Detergent KV CHSV CCS Ex. A 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. -25° C. ______________________________________ 83 A-1 47.4 8.15 2.354 2,870 84 A-2 46.8 8.00 2.406 2,930 85 A-3 48.7 8.34 2.458 2,880 86 A-4 45.2 7.74 2.281 2,570 87 A-5 44.7 7.68 2.344 2,960 88C None 39.2 6.85 2.344 2,960 ______________________________________
TABLE 9 __________________________________________________________________________ VI Improver/Detergent Premixes in Synthetic Lubricating Oil Viscosity Additives KV CHSV CCS Ex.VI Improver Detergent 40° C. 100° C. 150° C. 150° C. -25° C. __________________________________________________________________________ 89C None None 16.81 3.86 1.88 1.412 480 90C B None 33.89 6.93 3.24 2.215 660 91B 3% A 40.35 8.22 3.77 2.487 690 % Viscosity Increase 38% 42% 39% 34% -- __________________________________________________________________________
Claims (13)
(M.sup.+v (OH).sub.v).sub.m (M.sub.3-v.sup.+v CO.sub.3.sup.=).sub.n (M.sup.+v Y.sub.v.sup.-)
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US5851961A (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1998-12-22 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Anti-settling lubricity agent for water/oil dispersion compositions |
US5908664A (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1999-06-01 | Nagayama Electronic Industry Co., Ltd. | Method of working metal member |
US20040014614A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-22 | Burrington James D. | Slow release lubricant additives gel |
US6709302B2 (en) | 2001-02-15 | 2004-03-23 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine control for watercraft |
US20050019236A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2005-01-27 | Harold Martin | Controlled release of additives in fluid systems |
US20050124510A1 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2005-06-09 | Costello Michael T. | Low sediment friction modifiers |
US20060184458A1 (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 2006-08-17 | Ablaise Limited | Serving signals |
US8425772B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2013-04-23 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Filtration device with releasable additive |
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US20070241042A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2007-10-18 | Dober Chemical Corporation | Controlled release of additives in fluid systems |
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US20090283466A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2009-11-19 | Cummins Filtration Ip Inc. | Controlled release of additives in fluid systems |
US6843916B2 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2005-01-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Slow release lubricant additives gel |
US20040014614A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-22 | Burrington James D. | Slow release lubricant additives gel |
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US20050124510A1 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2005-06-09 | Costello Michael T. | Low sediment friction modifiers |
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US20160010006A1 (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2016-01-14 | General Electric Company | Compositions and methods for inhibiting fouling in hydrocarbons or petrochemicals |
US10336954B2 (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2019-07-02 | Bl Technologies, Inc. | Compositions and methods for inhibiting fouling in hydrocarbons or petrochemicals |
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US10597599B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2020-03-24 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Nitrogen-functionalized olefin polymers for engine lubricants |
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