US5357762A - Method for fixing pieces by freezing, and device for implementing the method - Google Patents
Method for fixing pieces by freezing, and device for implementing the method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5357762A US5357762A US08/083,450 US8345093A US5357762A US 5357762 A US5357762 A US 5357762A US 8345093 A US8345093 A US 8345093A US 5357762 A US5357762 A US 5357762A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- support
- freezing
- auxiliary support
- pieces
- main support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
- B23Q3/086—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated using a solidifying liquid, e.g. with freezing, setting or hardening means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
- F25D19/006—Thermal coupling structure or interface
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a method for fixing pieces onto a support by freezing for the purpose of machining them, according to which method the support is cooled to below the freezing temperature of a liquid, the support or the pieces to be fixed having previously been wetted with this liquid, so that the pieces adhere to the support by freezing of the liquid.
- the fixing liquid is generally water, preferably distilled water.
- the cooling of the support takes place either by circulating a cooling liquid, or electrically by means of Peltier elements.
- Document U.S. Pat. No. 4,091,580 also discloses a method for cutting sheets of glass, according to which the sheet of glass is fixed by freezing onto a support placed on crushed ice.
- the method of fixing by freezing in its current implementation, exhibits a major drawback.
- the metal sheets to be cut due to the relatively large dimensions, have a significant thermal inertia, so that the time necessary for releasing the metal sheets and the cut-out pieces, that is to say the thawing time, is significant and considerably retards the manufacturing process.
- the same problem exists, to a lesser extent, for pieces of small dimensions.
- the object of the invention is to overcome this drawback of the method of fixing by freezing.
- the method according to the invention is characterised in that a thermally conducting auxiliary support is firstly fixed to the main support, by having previously laid down a film of antifreeze liquid on the main support or on one face of the auxiliary support in contact with the main support, and in that the piece or pieces to be machined is or are fixed by freezing onto the auxiliary support by cooling the main support.
- the fixing of the auxiliary support to the main support is provided by vacuum, magnetism, or any mechanical clamping.
- the main support is, of course, cooled to a temperature above the freezing temperature of the antifreeze, so that the auxiliary support is held on the main support exclusively by vacuum, magnetism or mechanical clamping.
- the film of antifreeze does not have a thermally insulating effect, but on the contrary improves the thermal conduction by creating a thermal bridge between the main support and the auxiliary support.
- This may be explained by the fact that two plane metal surfaces only truly touch at three points and that the film of antifreeze has better thermal conduction than air.
- Grooves are preferably provided in the surface of the main support so that the antifreeze liquid subjected to the pressure of the auxiliary support on the main support may be partially removed into these grooves, so that the film remaining is very thin, but sufficient to be sure of preventing the auxiliary support being fastened to the main support by freezing of the water vapour, especially when the vacuum is eliminated.
- the cooling time that is to say the freezing time, is also eliminated as far as the duration of the machining process is concerned, whether this takes place on a single machine or on several machines in succession, because the pieces to be machined may be fixed by freezing onto the auxiliary support using the "hidden" time of the process, that is to say by fixing these pieces by freezing onto an auxiliary support placed on an external plate, by the method according to the invention.
- the auxiliary support produced in the form of a pallet, may be used as a support for transferring from one machining station to another machining station or to an unloading station.
- the thermal inertia that is to say the specific heat of the auxiliary support, to be sufficient to maintain the temperature of the pallet at a temperature below or equal to the freezing temperature (in principle 0° C.).
- the subject of the invention is also a device for implementing the method according to the invention, comprising a plane support made from a thermally conducting material provided with cooling means, characterised by the fact that the auxiliary support consists of a pallet and that the plane surface of the main support has a groove in which there is housed a gasket delimiting a zone to be evacuated, a duct opening out into this zone and intended to be connected to a vacuum source.
- the appended drawing represents, by way of example, two embodiments of devices for implementing the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a elevation of a fixed freeze vice.
- FIG. 2 is an axial section of a rotary freeze vice.
- the freeze vice represented in FIG. 1 is of known design so far as its cooling means are concerned. It comprises a body 1 equipped with channels connected to a double duct 2 connected to a cooling installation 3. In this double duct 2 there flows, in a known way, a cooling liquid for cooling the body 1. On the body 1 there is fixed a copper plate 4 in close thermal contact with the body 1. This copper plate 4 is pierced with a hole 5 connected to a duct 6 itself connected to a pump 7. A film of antifreeze such as ANTIFROGEN (registered trade mark) is deposited onto the copper plate 4. A metal plate or pallet 8, preferably made from aluminium due to its good thermal conductivity, is placed on the plate 4.
- ANTIFROGEN registered trade mark
- the pallet 8 is then fixed onto the plate 4 by evacuating the air between its two pieces by means of the pump 7.
- the pieces to be machined 9 are then placed on the pallet 8. If the body 1 has not already been cooled, the latter is cooled so as to fix the pieces 9 onto the pallet 8 by freezing. The release of the pallet 8 takes place simply by eliminating the vacuum between this part and the copper plate 4.
- the freeze vice represented in FIG. 1 may be used, either as a machining support on a machine tool, or as a device for fixing pieces 9 onto the pallet 8, this pallet then being transferred to an analogous freeze vice mounted at a machining station.
- FIG. 2 represents a rotary freeze vice of overall circular shape intended to support pieces to be machined on a lathe or on a turntable.
- This freeze vice comprises a stainless steel shaft 10, which is hollow over the greater part of its length and equipped with a cheek 10a.
- a body made of synthetic material 11 also having a cheek 11a pressing on the cheek 10a.
- a copper disc 12 On the cheek 11a there is mounted a copper disc 12.
- the shaft 10 is mounted rotationally in a fixed sleeve 13 made from synthetic material.
- the disc 12 has, on its lower face, a hollow 14 containing a certain number of islands, such as 15 and 16, for fixing the disc by means of screws such as 17 and 18, the disc 12 further being fixed, at its periphery, by a certain number of screws such as 19 and 20.
- the hollow 14 is closed by the cheek 11a and constitutes a chamber for cooling the disc 12.
- the chamber 14 communicates with five channels such as 21, parallel to the axis a, the channels being made in the body 11. These five channels communicate, through the wall of the hollow shaft 10, with an annular chamber 23 of the sleeve 13 into which a tube 24 opens out, which constitutes the inlet for the cooling liquid.
- the cooling liquid emerges again from the chamber 14 via five holes, such as the hole 25, distributed circularly over the cheek 11a and each communicating with a duct 26, these ducts 26 opening out into an annular chamber 27 of the insulating sleeve 13 communicating with the outlet 28 for the cooling liquid.
- the sealing of the chambers 23 and 27 is ensured by rotating seals 29, 30, 31, 32.
- the sleeve 13 is also provided with an inlet 33 connected to a pump analogous to the pump 7 in FIG. 1.
- the inlet 33 communicates with an annular chamber 34 made in the inner wall of the sleeve 13, this chamber 34 communicating with an axial duct 35 in the body 11.
- the duct 35 is extended into a cylindrical piece 36 extending beyond the surface of the copper disc 12 and constituting a centering device. Sealing gaskets are provided wherever necessary.
- the upper face of the disc 12 has a circular groove 37 in which there is housed a gasket 38.
- the disc 12 is intended to receive an aluminium disc 39 constituting a pallet or a setting for the piece to be machined.
- This disc 39 has a central circular housing 40 in which is housed the centering device 36 of the freeze vice.
- the disc 39 further has, close to its edge, a blind hole 41 in which there is inserted an indexing pin 42 intended to fix the angular position of the disc 39.
- the freeze vice is used in the same way as the freeze vice of FIG. 1.
- the disc 12 is coated with a film of antifreeze before installing the disc 39.
- the disc 39 is fixed by vacuum by the evacuation of air through the centering device 36, the seal 38 providing sealing of the evacuated body.
- the surface of the disc 12 preferably further exhibits grooves for evacuating the excess antifreeze when evacuating.
- the copper plate 4 of the device according to FIG. 1 also has a groove and a sealing gasket.
- cooling is also be obtained by means of Peltier elements.
- the auxiliary support could be fixed to the freeze vice by other means, for example by magnetism or by any mechanical clamping.
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH209392A CH686121A5 (en) | 1992-07-02 | 1992-07-02 | Method for fixing pieces by freezing and apparatus for implementing the PROCESS. |
CH2093/92 | 1992-07-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5357762A true US5357762A (en) | 1994-10-25 |
Family
ID=4225727
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/083,450 Expired - Lifetime US5357762A (en) | 1992-07-02 | 1993-06-28 | Method for fixing pieces by freezing, and device for implementing the method |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5357762A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0578608B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2512378B2 (en) |
CH (1) | CH686121A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69302233T2 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5762736A (en) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-06-09 | Xerox Corporation | Frozen material assisted electroform separation method |
US5983483A (en) * | 1997-02-17 | 1999-11-16 | Tarumizu; Yoshitaka | Freezing type workpiece fixing method |
US6073451A (en) * | 1995-08-17 | 2000-06-13 | Tarumizu; Yoshitaka | Freezing chuck type machining method |
US20050145822A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-07-07 | Drigotas Martin D. | Refrigerant compositions comprising UV fluorescent dye and solubilizing agent |
US20070251253A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-11-01 | Carrier Corporation | Curtain Air Admission Assembly |
US20180147683A1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2018-05-31 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Chamfering of laminate layers |
CN109176361A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-11 | 博众精工科技股份有限公司 | Quick-frozen clamping device, quick-frozen mounting and clamping system and processing platform |
US10531657B2 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2020-01-14 | Coopersurgical, Inc. | Low temperature specimen carriers and related methods |
WO2020168994A1 (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-27 | 大连理工大学 | Freezing support device for large thin-walled components, and method |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2772658B1 (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 2000-03-03 | Sarl Amcc | FIXING DEVICE WITH FROST TRAY |
CN105382601B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-11-28 | 东南大学 | A kind of more size vacuum fixtures suitable for slice work-piece |
CN105945323B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-11-21 | 江苏新光华机械有限公司 | A kind of self-adjustable drilling hole machine tool of centre-to-centre spacing |
CN105945322B (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2018-06-05 | 江苏新光华机械有限公司 | For boring the lathe of stepped hole |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE288837C (en) * | ||||
US2606482A (en) * | 1948-11-04 | 1952-08-12 | O E Sorensen Inc | Workholder |
US2641879A (en) * | 1951-07-11 | 1953-06-16 | Internat Glass Company Inc | Mounting method |
US2937437A (en) * | 1957-01-09 | 1960-05-24 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Method and apparatus for holding a work-piece |
US3083002A (en) * | 1958-10-09 | 1963-03-26 | Rohr Corp | Refrigerated chuck and method for holding workpiece |
US3574257A (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1971-04-13 | Lignes Telegraph Telephon | Automatic cutting of a substrate coated with thin layers |
US3807188A (en) * | 1973-05-11 | 1974-04-30 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Thermal coupling device for cryogenic refrigeration |
US3834687A (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1974-09-10 | Atomic Energy Commission | Workpiece support |
US4068412A (en) * | 1976-11-12 | 1978-01-17 | Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corporation | Grinding machine |
US4091580A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1978-05-30 | Timex Corporation | Process for holding and cutting sheet glass |
SU654386A1 (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1979-03-30 | Ленинградский технологический институт холодильной промышленности | Part-attaching device |
EP0100648A2 (en) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-02-15 | Yoshiaki Nagaura | Holding a workpiece |
JPS62162437A (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-07-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Workpiece holding method |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4205536A (en) * | 1977-03-01 | 1980-06-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Maekawa Seisakusho | Refrigerating apparatus |
-
1992
- 1992-07-02 CH CH209392A patent/CH686121A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-06-24 DE DE69302233T patent/DE69302233T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-24 EP EP93810450A patent/EP0578608B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-28 US US08/083,450 patent/US5357762A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-29 JP JP5185590A patent/JP2512378B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE288837C (en) * | ||||
US2606482A (en) * | 1948-11-04 | 1952-08-12 | O E Sorensen Inc | Workholder |
US2641879A (en) * | 1951-07-11 | 1953-06-16 | Internat Glass Company Inc | Mounting method |
US2937437A (en) * | 1957-01-09 | 1960-05-24 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Method and apparatus for holding a work-piece |
US3083002A (en) * | 1958-10-09 | 1963-03-26 | Rohr Corp | Refrigerated chuck and method for holding workpiece |
US3574257A (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1971-04-13 | Lignes Telegraph Telephon | Automatic cutting of a substrate coated with thin layers |
US3834687A (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1974-09-10 | Atomic Energy Commission | Workpiece support |
US3807188A (en) * | 1973-05-11 | 1974-04-30 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Thermal coupling device for cryogenic refrigeration |
US4068412A (en) * | 1976-11-12 | 1978-01-17 | Cincinnati Milacron-Heald Corporation | Grinding machine |
SU654386A1 (en) * | 1977-06-01 | 1979-03-30 | Ленинградский технологический институт холодильной промышленности | Part-attaching device |
US4091580A (en) * | 1977-06-29 | 1978-05-30 | Timex Corporation | Process for holding and cutting sheet glass |
EP0100648A2 (en) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-02-15 | Yoshiaki Nagaura | Holding a workpiece |
JPS62162437A (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-07-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Workpiece holding method |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6073451A (en) * | 1995-08-17 | 2000-06-13 | Tarumizu; Yoshitaka | Freezing chuck type machining method |
US5762736A (en) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-06-09 | Xerox Corporation | Frozen material assisted electroform separation method |
US5983483A (en) * | 1997-02-17 | 1999-11-16 | Tarumizu; Yoshitaka | Freezing type workpiece fixing method |
US20050145822A1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2005-07-07 | Drigotas Martin D. | Refrigerant compositions comprising UV fluorescent dye and solubilizing agent |
US20070251253A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-11-01 | Carrier Corporation | Curtain Air Admission Assembly |
US7681409B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2010-03-23 | Hill Phoenix, Inc. | Curtain air admission assembly |
US20180147683A1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2018-05-31 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Chamfering of laminate layers |
US10531657B2 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2020-01-14 | Coopersurgical, Inc. | Low temperature specimen carriers and related methods |
CN109176361A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-11 | 博众精工科技股份有限公司 | Quick-frozen clamping device, quick-frozen mounting and clamping system and processing platform |
WO2020168994A1 (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-27 | 大连理工大学 | Freezing support device for large thin-walled components, and method |
US11618117B2 (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2023-04-04 | Dalian University Of Technology | Freezing support device and method for large thin-walled part |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0639666A (en) | 1994-02-15 |
EP0578608A1 (en) | 1994-01-12 |
CH686121A5 (en) | 1996-01-15 |
DE69302233T2 (en) | 1996-12-12 |
DE69302233D1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
EP0578608B1 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
JP2512378B2 (en) | 1996-07-03 |
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