US5468450A - Expanding vehicle for colorimetric diagnostic assays - Google Patents
Expanding vehicle for colorimetric diagnostic assays Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5468450A US5468450A US08/168,753 US16875393A US5468450A US 5468450 A US5468450 A US 5468450A US 16875393 A US16875393 A US 16875393A US 5468450 A US5468450 A US 5468450A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- assay
- animal
- chromogen
- excreta
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 26
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007398 colorimetric assay Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BPYKTIZUTYGOLE-IFADSCNNSA-N Bilirubin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C)=C(C=C)\C1=C\C1=C(C)C(CCC(O)=O)=C(CC2=C(C(C)=C(\C=C/3C(=C(C=C)C(=O)N\3)C)N2)CCC(O)=O)N1 BPYKTIZUTYGOLE-IFADSCNNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 4
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000006750 hematuria Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OBHRVMZSZIDDEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urobilinogen Chemical compound CCC1=C(C)C(=O)NC1CC1=C(C)C(CCC(O)=O)=C(CC2=C(C(C)=C(CC3C(=C(CC)C(=O)N3)C)N2)CCC(O)=O)N1 OBHRVMZSZIDDEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000282324 Felis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000147041 Guaiacum officinale Species 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940091561 guaiac Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010000849 leukocyte esterase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 2
- BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRNWIFYIFSBPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 YRNWIFYIFSBPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037157 Azotemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004506 Blood Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010017384 Blood Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700198 Cavia Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000699800 Cricetinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000699694 Gerbillinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010015776 Glucose oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005016 Intestinal Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000270322 Lepidosauria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000288906 Primates Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270666 Testudines Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010046530 Urinary bladder rupture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEESUBCSWGVPCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneoxidanium iron(2+) pentacyanide Chemical compound [Fe++].[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.[C-]#N.N#[O+] YEESUBCSWGVPCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009535 clinical urine test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006193 diazotization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019420 glucose oxidase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 gonadotrophin Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 125000001538 guaiol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002460 nitroprusside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000009852 uremia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002562 urinalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/52—Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper and including single- and multilayer analytical elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B2010/0003—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements including means for analysis by an unskilled person
- A61B2010/0006—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements including means for analysis by an unskilled person involving a colour change
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/805—Optical property
Definitions
- the invention relates to an expanding vehicle for colorimetric diagnostic tests, particularly for use in animal litter products.
- Quantitative and qualitative colorimetric tests for measuring components of biological fluids are a mainstay of modern medical practice, and are available in different forms, such as dipsticks, treated slides, and reagent solutions in test tubes.
- the chemical technology of most of these tests is old and in the public domain.
- reagent tests for the detection of occult blood were developed before the 20th century.
- Modern colorimetric tests for blood often utilize the same chemical reactions as do the older tests, in which the peroxidate-like activity of hemoglobin catalyzes the oxidation of a variety of leuco dyes (chromogens) to produce a highly distinctive color, thereby indicating the presence of blood.
- Certain applications require specialized delivery formats.
- One such application is in the analysis of various components of domestic and companion animal urine. Analysis of animal urine can be costly, and obtaining a clean specimen is often difficult, particularly with cats. These factors may dissuade pet owners from having urine tests performed, at the expense of timely and appropriate veterinary care for the animals. Detecting blood in animal urine and feces is one of the most frequently required veterinary tests, since the presence of blood in excreta is an early sign of many disease processes, including urinary and intestinal neoplasms, poisoning, trauma, inflammations, infections, and urinary system calculi. In these conditions, early detection and prompt therapy are necessary to expedite successful treatment.
- Feline Urological Syndrome is a common cause of hematuria (blood in urine) in cats, affecting 21.5% of all male cats and 13.5% of all female cats. Furthermore, many animals with an episode of F.U.S. suffer a recurrence of the disorder. The mortality rate from the condition is over 20%, from uremia, dehydration, shock, and in some cases, from bladder rupture. If initiated early, treatment is usually successful.
- the invention provides a colorimetric diagnostic assay adapted to detect a predetermined characteristic of animal excreta, such as urine or feces.
- the assay includes a dried and compressed assay vehicle with at least one chromogen on the vehicle, which is inert to the chromogen and which is expandable when wetted by water in the animal excreta.
- the chromogen is selected to react to only the predetermined characteristic of the excreta to which the assay is directed.
- the vehicle may be any substance which can be dried and compressed, then rewetted and re-expanded, such as sponge grade cellulose or other resilient or fibrous materials.
- the vehicular material is characterized by the ability to markedly change volume between the dried, compressed and moistened, expanded states.
- a unit volume of the dried and compressed vehicle is expandable, when wetted by the water in the animal excreta, by at least two fold, and most preferably, by at least three fold.
- the chromogen may be applied to the surface of, or impregnated into, the sponge grade cellulose.
- the chromogen may be any which is specific to evaluation of the preselected characteristic of the excreta.
- the chromogen is a solution of gum guaiac, such as a solution of between about 0.5 and about 10% gum guaiac, and the characteristic is the presence of hemoglobin in the excreta.
- the assay is used to evaluate feline urine for hemoglobin to assess whether the animal has Feline Urological Syndrome (F.U.S.).
- the assay may contain at least two chromogens.
- a mixture of vehicle particles is provided.
- One preferred embodiment includes a first assay vehicle and a second assay vehicle, with a first chromogen on the first assay vehicle selected to react to a first predetermined characteristic, and a second chromogen on the second assay vehicle selected to react to a second predetermined characteristic.
- the assay vehicle may also include a developer, such as a peroxide developer, applied to the vehicle after the vehicle is wetted by the water in the animal excreta.
- a developer such as a peroxide developer
- the assay may be adapted to be performed in a single step or multiple steps.
- the vehicle includes a peroxide developer.
- the assay evaluates a predetermined characteristic of animal excreta.
- the predetermined characteristic can be presence or absence of a substance or quality.
- the characteristic may be evaluated either qualitatively, based on the presence of a given color or color change, or quantitatively, using a color chart or other means of identifying depth or tone of color as correlated to a quantitative assessment.
- characteristics intended to be assessed with the assays of the invention include glucose, pH, protein, blood, hemoglobin, leukocyte esterase, ketone bodies, cholesterol, toxic substances, cysteine, bilirubin, urobilinogen or a hormone such as gonadotrophin, 17-keto steroids, or adrenocorticosteroids.
- the assay vehicle may be in pieces of various sizes and shapes.
- One preferred format is where the dried and compressed vehicle is particulate, with particle diameters of between about 1 and 40 mm.
- the material may be in the form of sheets, strips, shreds, discs, other decorative shapes such as stars or animal shapes, cubes, spheres, or irregular particles, among other shapes.
- the assay vehicle may be packaged with directions or color charts for the evaluation of the completed assay.
- the assay vehicle is a component of an animal litter or bedding, for containment or absorption of animal excreta and identification of a predetermined characteristic of the excreta.
- the vehicle comprises 1-100% by weight of the litter.
- Another aspect of the invention provides a method of producing a colorimetric diagnostic assay adapted to detect a predetermined characteristic of animal excreta.
- the method includes contacting a dried and compressed assay vehicle with at least one chromogen, the vehicle being inert to the chromogen, the vehicle being expandable by at least two fold when wetted by water in the animal excreta, and the chromogen being selected to react to only the predetermined characteristic of the excreta to which the assay is directed.
- the primary object of this invention is to provide an assay vehicle for convenient evaluation of characteristics of animal excreta, without unnecessary manipulation of or trauma to the subject animal. This invention obviates the need for clean urine collection and laboratory urinalysis to diagnose hematuria and other conditions in domestic animals, particularly cats. It is a further object of the invention to provide an assay vehicle suitable for use in an animal litter or bedding. Another object of the invention is to provide an assay vehicle as part of a simple and inexpensive assay system that does not require a laboratory environment or equipment.
- the invention provides an inert expandable vehicle for diagnostic assays
- inert means that the components of the vehicle must be capable of being commingled with the chromogen and other assay components in a manner such that there is no interaction which would substantially reduce during use the assay's efficacy for evaluating characteristics of animal excreta.
- sponge grade cellulose that is available from a variety of sources.
- the cellulose may be moistened and then subjected to heat and pressure until dry. When immersed in water, it quickly returns to its pre-compressed dimensions. While in the compressed state this material is readily treated with reagent chemicals dissolved in an appropriate non-aqueous solvent, while still retaining the compressed conformation.
- compressed sponge grade cellulose acetone is a suitable solvent. Suitable solvents may be easily chosen for each vehicular composition.
- Suitable reagent chromogens can be readily selected for the specific assays desired.
- glucose may be assayed using glucose oxidase or copper reduction assays
- ketone assays may utilize the nitroprusside reaction
- bilirubin assays may employ the diazotization method
- urobilinogen assays often use Ehrlich's reagent.
- Adaptation of these methods to the vehicle of the invention would be readily feasible to those of skill in the art of diagnostic assays.
- the assay would be adaptable for evaluating more than one characteristic at the same time, by providing a mixture of vehicle particles, with different particles carrying different chromogens. For example, one mixture might contain particles for indicating the presence of urinary blood, while other particles in the mixture might indicate urine glucose.
- the sheets of cellulose or other compressed vehicle can be cut to desired sizes and shapes.
- the sizes and shapes of the material will be selected to provide easy reading of the assay when the vehicle is mixed with animal litter.
- Vehicle piece size and shape may also be selected for factors such as safety; small particle size may be selected when used for bedding for small animals, or where the animals in question are likely to ingest bedding material.
- the resultant assay product would be added to the litter receptacle or mixed into bedding, such as is commonly provided in stables, cages, kennels, and other areas of animal confinement. Where cats are the subject animal this would most likely be the cat litter box containing granular clay or other absorbent litter.
- the animal voids in the litter some of the treated vehicle is contacted by the urine. This would be evidenced by the expansion of the moistened cellulose vehicle, while unwet units would remain compressed.
- the necessary developer solution in this case hydrogen peroxide, is dropped or sprayed onto the pellets to render a color change in the presence of the suspect component.
- a developer may also be incorporated in the reagent treatment of the compressed cellulose, producing a one step system.
- the assay product might be packaged with indications and instructions for use, including interpretive guides such as color charts for evaluating the color change of the wetted, reacted vehicle particles. Instructions might also include indications of when to seek veterinary attention, emergency care measures for a sick animal, how often to use the product, and cautionary warnings about inappropriate ingestion of the product.
- the vehicle might be packaged in combination with, packaged alongside, or mixed into an animal litter or bedding product.
- the assay is intended for use in evaluating the excreta of an animal subject.
- Animal is intended to encompass any mammalian, avian, or reptilian subject, including nonhuman primates, sheep, horses, cattle, goats, pigs, dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, gerbils, rats, mice, other laboratory animals, domesticated and nondomesticated birds, snakes, turtles, and lizards.
- TMB tetramethyl benzidine
- PVP polyvinyl pyrrolidone
- Transfer chromogen solution into a large glass beaker Submerge separate compressed cellulose sheets into the beaker individually for two minutes. Transfer treated cellulose sheets to a Buchner or Hirsch funnel or other suction apparatus in order to remove excess chromogen solution. Air dry and protect treated sheets from strong direct light.
Abstract
Description
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/168,753 US5468450A (en) | 1993-12-16 | 1993-12-16 | Expanding vehicle for colorimetric diagnostic assays |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/168,753 US5468450A (en) | 1993-12-16 | 1993-12-16 | Expanding vehicle for colorimetric diagnostic assays |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5468450A true US5468450A (en) | 1995-11-21 |
Family
ID=22612793
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/168,753 Expired - Lifetime US5468450A (en) | 1993-12-16 | 1993-12-16 | Expanding vehicle for colorimetric diagnostic assays |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5468450A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5685259A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1997-11-11 | Ranpak Corp. | Feline urinary tract disease-detecting transversely folded paper cat litter |
US6162646A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 2000-12-19 | William H. Webster | Urine pH indicator system and associated methods |
US6376252B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2002-04-23 | Environmental Test Systems, Inc. | Preparation and method for cat box filler additive capable of detecting feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) |
WO2002103353A2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-27 | Nestec Ltd | Threshold glucose detection in urine |
US6583722B2 (en) | 2000-12-12 | 2003-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wetness signaling device |
US6603403B2 (en) | 2000-12-12 | 2003-08-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Remote, wetness signaling system |
US20030170905A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-11 | Alexander Kamyshny | Diagnostic beads for the detection of blood in animal excreta and a method for production thereof |
US20090181466A1 (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2009-07-16 | Mars, Inc. | Indicator granular material |
DE102011082716A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Indicators element used in cell culture vessel for determining pH value of substance comprises polymeric material and indicator dye |
WO2017165953A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | 7905122 Canada Inc. | Water-absorbing material and uses thereof |
Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2838377A (en) * | 1950-03-09 | 1958-06-10 | Miles Lab | Blood test |
US3051661A (en) * | 1956-07-03 | 1962-08-28 | Miles Lab | ph indicator units in tablet form |
US3482943A (en) * | 1966-02-14 | 1969-12-09 | Miles Lab | Reagent deposition device |
US4175923A (en) * | 1978-06-26 | 1979-11-27 | Friend William G | Method and apparatus for occult blood testing in the home |
US4361648A (en) * | 1981-08-13 | 1982-11-30 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Color fixed chromogenic analytical element |
US4676950A (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1987-06-30 | Foster Research Corporation | Indicator and test device for detecting occult blood |
US4685420A (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1987-08-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Animal litter and related processes |
US4693834A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1987-09-15 | Murex Corporation | Transverse flow diagnostic kit |
US4971914A (en) * | 1984-12-11 | 1990-11-20 | Litmus Concepts, Inc. | Developer for fecal occult blood tests |
US5000115A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1991-03-19 | American Colloid Company | Animal dross absorbent and method |
US5071623A (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1991-12-10 | Hidenobu Akutsu | Urinary test paper |
US5081040A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1992-01-14 | Helena Laboratories Corporation | Composition and kit for testing for occult blood in human and animal excretions, fluids, or tissue matrixes |
US5135873A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1992-08-04 | Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc. | Device and method for completing a fluidic circuit which employs a liquid expandable piece of bibulous material |
US5143023A (en) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-09-01 | Kleanheart, Inc. | Animal litter with chemically bound chemical indicators |
US5260031A (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 1993-11-09 | Saliva Diagnostic Systems, Inc. | Saliva sampling device with sample adequacy indicating system |
US5267532A (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-12-07 | Anitox Corporation | pH-indicating material and cat litter containing same |
-
1993
- 1993-12-16 US US08/168,753 patent/US5468450A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2838377A (en) * | 1950-03-09 | 1958-06-10 | Miles Lab | Blood test |
US3051661A (en) * | 1956-07-03 | 1962-08-28 | Miles Lab | ph indicator units in tablet form |
US3482943A (en) * | 1966-02-14 | 1969-12-09 | Miles Lab | Reagent deposition device |
US4175923A (en) * | 1978-06-26 | 1979-11-27 | Friend William G | Method and apparatus for occult blood testing in the home |
US4361648A (en) * | 1981-08-13 | 1982-11-30 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Color fixed chromogenic analytical element |
US4676950A (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1987-06-30 | Foster Research Corporation | Indicator and test device for detecting occult blood |
US4971914A (en) * | 1984-12-11 | 1990-11-20 | Litmus Concepts, Inc. | Developer for fecal occult blood tests |
US4685420A (en) * | 1985-12-11 | 1987-08-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Animal litter and related processes |
US4693834A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1987-09-15 | Murex Corporation | Transverse flow diagnostic kit |
US5081040A (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1992-01-14 | Helena Laboratories Corporation | Composition and kit for testing for occult blood in human and animal excretions, fluids, or tissue matrixes |
US5000115A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1991-03-19 | American Colloid Company | Animal dross absorbent and method |
US5071623A (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1991-12-10 | Hidenobu Akutsu | Urinary test paper |
US5135873A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1992-08-04 | Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc. | Device and method for completing a fluidic circuit which employs a liquid expandable piece of bibulous material |
US5143023A (en) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-09-01 | Kleanheart, Inc. | Animal litter with chemically bound chemical indicators |
US5260031A (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 1993-11-09 | Saliva Diagnostic Systems, Inc. | Saliva sampling device with sample adequacy indicating system |
US5267532A (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-12-07 | Anitox Corporation | pH-indicating material and cat litter containing same |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
CatScan . * |
CatScan™. |
KleanHeart pet products, Fussy Cat D. * |
KleanHeart pet products, Fussy Cat Health Monitor Cat litter. * |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5685259A (en) * | 1993-11-16 | 1997-11-11 | Ranpak Corp. | Feline urinary tract disease-detecting transversely folded paper cat litter |
US6162646A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 2000-12-19 | William H. Webster | Urine pH indicator system and associated methods |
US6376252B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2002-04-23 | Environmental Test Systems, Inc. | Preparation and method for cat box filler additive capable of detecting feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) |
US6583722B2 (en) | 2000-12-12 | 2003-06-24 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wetness signaling device |
US6603403B2 (en) | 2000-12-12 | 2003-08-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Remote, wetness signaling system |
US6682937B2 (en) | 2001-06-18 | 2004-01-27 | Hach Company | Threshold glucose detection in urine |
WO2002103353A2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-27 | Nestec Ltd | Threshold glucose detection in urine |
WO2002103353A3 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-05-15 | Ralston Purina Co | Threshold glucose detection in urine |
US6599474B2 (en) | 2001-06-18 | 2003-07-29 | Nestec, Ltd. | Threshold glucose detection in urine |
US20030170905A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-11 | Alexander Kamyshny | Diagnostic beads for the detection of blood in animal excreta and a method for production thereof |
US20090181466A1 (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2009-07-16 | Mars, Inc. | Indicator granular material |
US7670845B2 (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2010-03-02 | Mars Incorporated | Indicator granular material |
DE102011082716A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Indicators element used in cell culture vessel for determining pH value of substance comprises polymeric material and indicator dye |
WO2017165953A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | 7905122 Canada Inc. | Water-absorbing material and uses thereof |
CN109196355A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2019-01-11 | 7905122加拿大股份有限公司 | Water-absorbent material and application thereof |
US11013823B2 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2021-05-25 | 7905122 Canada Inc. | Water-absorbing material and uses thereof |
AU2016401104B2 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2022-04-07 | 7905122 Canada Inc. | Water-absorbing material and uses thereof |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7410807B2 (en) | Pregnancy and sex identification test based on saliva or other bodily fluids | |
EP0510195B1 (en) | Layered sheet for testing urine | |
US5468450A (en) | Expanding vehicle for colorimetric diagnostic assays | |
US20210252184A1 (en) | Water-absorbing material and uses thereof | |
JP4667389B2 (en) | Sample collection cup with integrated sample analysis system | |
JP5890789B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for detecting an analyte | |
RU2243998C2 (en) | Device and method for testing a biological fluid | |
EP0171150A2 (en) | Method and apparatus for assaying with optional reagent quality control | |
US4742002A (en) | Test kit and method for determining the presence of blood in a specimen and for testing the effectiveness of peroxidase inactivating solution | |
JP2001501733A (en) | Method and apparatus for measuring specific analytes in food and other composite matrices | |
JPH10313894A (en) | Daily necessary | |
EP3835428B1 (en) | Chromogenic absorbent material for animal litter | |
JP2007535665A (en) | Apparatus and method for detecting the presence of hemoglobin in a biological sample | |
US10660301B1 (en) | Health monitoring cat litter | |
JP3933788B2 (en) | Urine test material, health check material and health check method using the same | |
US6403298B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for urine self-test intended for use in a toilet | |
JPH05223812A (en) | Testing material for inspection of animal urine | |
EP1982183B9 (en) | Dry stick device and method for determining an analyte in a sample | |
CN113176253B (en) | Occult blood indicator for animal excrement and application thereof | |
WO2002007645A2 (en) | Pregnancy and sex identification test based on saliva or other bodily fluids | |
US6156272A (en) | Method and apparatus for urine self-test intended for use in a toilet | |
US20040072248A1 (en) | Detection of pregnancy | |
EP3550307B1 (en) | Diagnostic testing for immunologic food sensitivity in animals | |
WO2015091644A1 (en) | Improved vertical flow immunoassay | |
JP3971219B2 (en) | Pet health checkup method and pet health checkup kit |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: RALSTON PURINA COMPANY, MISSOURI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MICHAEL, RICHARD D.;REEL/FRAME:008869/0895 Effective date: 19971226 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAT HLDR NO LONGER CLAIMS SMALL ENT STAT AS INDIV INVENTOR (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: LSM1); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 12 |