US6062308A - Well header for use in frigid environments - Google Patents
Well header for use in frigid environments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US6062308A US6062308A US09/115,726 US11572698A US6062308A US 6062308 A US6062308 A US 6062308A US 11572698 A US11572698 A US 11572698A US 6062308 A US6062308 A US 6062308A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- header
- conduit
- annulus
- inner conduit
- outer conduit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
- F16L41/03—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted comprising junction pieces for four or more pipe members
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
- Y10T137/87652—With means to promote mixing or combining of plural fluids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a header for distributing and/or collecting fluids in a frigid environment and in one aspect relates to a header for distributing or collecting fluids to each of several spaced wellheads which have been drilled and completed in a frigid environment wherein the header has a flowpath designed to prevent freezing within the header.
- headers may be used to service a plurality of wells which, in turn, have been drilled and completed at spaced intervals and may be used as (a) a production header, i.e.
- a manifold which collects or "gathers" the fluids (i.e. oil, gas, and water) from spaced, producing wells and carry them to a centralized point;
- an injection header i.e. a manifold which carries fluids (e.g. water) from a centralized point to spaced injection wells for disposal and/or for repressuring downhole formations as is done in typical secondary recovery methods (i.e. water-flood operations);
- a header which gathers production for a separator or which distributes injectant from a pump; or (d) any field application where fluids are to be distributed or collected between various locations and a centralized point.
- any substantial portion e.g. water
- water which is almost always a component of the fluids flowing through the header, has a tendency to accumulate or collect in the dead legs of the header.
- this water can block the flowpath through the header which, in turn, can severely damage the header or, at a minimum, result in increased operating costs due to the efforts required to thaw out the header and return it to full operation.
- insulating the header and the associated laterals leading from the header to the respective distribution/collection terminals may not prevent freezing within the header in all situations but may merely slow down the freezing process.
- this is expensive and labor intensive in that it must be carried out manually and can only be done during no-flow conditions.
- strapping a heat trace to the outside of the header in addition to the cost involved, is normally inefficient due to the amount of heat which is lost directly to the atmosphere surrounding header. That is, a large portion of the heat generated by an externally-mounted heat trace is immediately lost without ever being conveyed into the header where it needed. Accordingly, it can be seen that the need continues to exist for a relatively inexpensive header which substantially alleviates the freezing problem when the header is used to service a plurality of spaced wells in a frigid environment.
- the present invention provides a header which is capable of fluidly connecting a plurality of spaced terminals (e.g. wellheads) to a centralized location and which is constructed to eliminate or substantially alleviate the problems associated with freezing in frigid environments.
- the flowpath through the header is such that it forces a relatively warm fluid (e.g. production or injection fluid) to flow through the entire length of the header before it is produced/injected from the header. This allows the relatively warm fluid to continuously transfer heat to the header as it flows therethrough to provide the heat necessary to prevent freezing within the header.
- a relatively warm fluid e.g. production or injection fluid
- the header of the present invention is adapted for fluidly connecting a plurality of spaced terminals (e.g. wellheads ⁇ with a centralized location (e.g. a collection point for production wells or a supply point for injection wells).
- the header is comprised of an outer conduit which is closed at its outer end and is adapted to extend from the centralized location to a point substantially adjacent or beyond the furthest terminal.
- the outer conduit has a plurality of ports along its length which are spaced to substantially coincide with each of the wellheads.
- An inner conduit is positioned within the outer conduit and extends substantially along the length of the outer conduit thereby forming an annulus between the two conduits.
- the outer end of the inner conduit is in fluid communication (e.g. the inner end of the inner conduit does not extend all the way to the closed end of outer conduit) with the annulus thereby defining a flowpath through the header whereby fluids flow through both the inner conduit and the annulus.
- the header is connected to each of the terminals whereby fluids can flow from the flowpath within the header to the individual terminals.
- the unique flowpath through the header allows the relative warm fluids (e.g. production or injection fluids) to continuously transfer heat to the header as they flow therethrough thereby preventing or alleviating freezing problems within the header.
- a terminal is fluidly connected to a respective port in the outer conduit whereby the fluids flow between the terminals and the annulus within the header.
- individual pipes pass through respective ports in the outer conduits and are fluidly connected to respective spaced openings in the inner conduits which, in turn, are aligned with the ports in the outer conduit whereby fluids flow between the inner conduit and the respective terminals.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view, not to scale, of a plurality of terminals (e.g. wellheads ⁇ being serviced by a header constructed in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the header of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a further embodiment of the header of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the header 10 of the present invention in an operable position as it distributes or collects fluids between a plurality of spaced terminals 11 and a centralized point or facility 14.
- terminals 11 can be any station or structure to which fluids are to be distributed and/or collected, they are illustrated in FIG. 1 as wellheads of production/injection wells which, in turn, have been drilled and completed at spaced locations on the earth's surface 12.
- the spacing of the wellheads 11, as shown in FIG. 1 is for illustration purposes only and is not necessarily to scale. This spacing between wellheads 11 in actual field applications may vary from about 8 feet or less up to 120 feet or more.
- all of the wellheads 11 are fluidly connected to a single manifold or header 10 by means of respective lateral pipes 13.
- the production fluids e.g. oil, gas, and/or water
- the production fluids e.g. oil, gas, and/or water
- the fluids commingle within the header 10 and flow through the header to a centralized, location 14 for further handling.
- an injection fluid e.g. water for disposal or for use in water-flooding operations
- certain wellheads 11 can be shut-in when the situation dictates and fluids will be produced or injected through only those wellheads that are open (i.e. on-line).
- header 10 is provided which is constructed to eliminate or substantially alleviate the problems associated with freezing in frigid environments.
- header 10 is comprised of an outer conduit 15 which has a plurality of ports 16 spaced along its length.
- Each port 16 is adapted to be fluidly connected to a lateral pipe 13 which, in turn, leads to a respective wellhead 11 (FIG. 1) so ports 16 will be spaced accordingly along outer conduit 15.
- the outer end of outer conduit 15 is closed by a cap or closure plate 17 or the like.
- Inner conduit 18 is positioned within outer conduit 15 and extends substantially throughout the length of outer conduit 15 to form an annulus 19 between the outer surface of inner conduit 18 and the inner surface of outer conduit 15. As shown, the outer end 18a of inner conduit 18 terminates just short of plate 17 to provide fluid communication between inner pipe 18 and the annulus 19. It should be understood that inner conduit could also extend all the way to plate 17 in which case, it would have slots or openings therein (not shown) near its outer end to provide the necessary fluid communication between inner conduit 18 and annulus 19 without departing from the present invention. Also, spacers or centralizers (not shown) can be used, if required, to "center" inner tubing within outer conduit 15. The annulus 19 is closed at the inner end of outer conduit 15 by an appropriate sealing means (e.g. plate 20) to prevent flow out of annulus 19.
- an appropriate sealing means e.g. plate 20
- header 10 In operations where header 10 is used as a collection header (e.g. production header), production fluids flow from on-line wellheads 11 and through their respective lateral pipes 13 into the outer conduit 15 of header 10 through their respective ports 16.
- the relative warm production fluids black arrows 22 in FIG. 2 commingle in the annulus 19 of header 10 and flow into inner conduit 18 through open inner end 18a.
- the productions fluids 22 then flow through the entire length of inner conduit 18, which extends substantially throughout the length of outer conduit 15.
- header 10 is used as a distribution header (e.g. an injection header)
- a relatively warm injection fluid (white arrows 23 in FIG. 2) is flowed from centralized location 14 into and through inner conduit 18 of header 10.
- Fluid 23 exits through the outer end 18a of inner conduit 18 into annulus 19 from which the fluid exits into lateral pipes 13 through respective ports 16 and into wellheads 11.
- the flowpath through header 10 forces the warm injection fluid to flow through the entire length of the inner conduit 18 and through at least a portion of annulus 19. This allows the warm fluid 23 to continuously transfer heat to the header and prevent freezing within the header so long as one or more wells are on line and the flow rate is sufficient to provide the necessary heat to prevent freezing.
- FIG. 3 discloses a further embodiment of the present invention.
- Header 10a is comprised of an outer conduit 35 which is closed at its outer end by cap or closure plate 37 and which has a fluid opening 33 at its inner end.
- Outer conduit 35 has a plurality of ports 36 spaced along its length.
- An inner conduit 38 which is closed at its inner end 38a and open at its outer end 38b, is positioned within outer conduit 35 and has a plurality of openings 40 therein which are aligned with ports 36.
- Individual pipes 36a are secured in respective openings 40 in inner conduit 38 and extend through respective ports 36 in outer conduit 35 to provide fluid communication between the interior of inner conduit and respective lateral pipes 11 (FIG. 1).
- header 10a In operations where header 10a is used as a collection or production header, production fluids flow from on-line wellheads 11 and through their respective lateral pipes 13 and through their respective pipes 36a into the inner conduit 35 of header 10a.
- the relative warm production fluids black arrows 42 in FIG. 3 commingle in the inner conduit 38 and flow through open end 38b of conduit 38 into annulus 39 which is formed between the two conduits.
- the production fluids 42 then flow through the entire length of outer conduit 35, out fluid opening 33, and on to centralized location 14 (FIG. 1) for handling.
- header 10a causes the warm, produced fluids to effectively flow along the entire length of the outer conduit 35 regardless of the number or location of the on-line, producing wells. This allows the warm production fluids to continuously transfer heat to the header 10a as they flow therethrough, thereby preventing freezing in any part of header 10a for so long as at least one well is on line and its flow rate is sufficient to provide the heat necessary.
- header 10a In operations where header 10a is used as a distribution or injection header, the direction of flow is reversed but the results are again basically the same. That is, a relatively warm injection fluid (white arrows 43 in FIG. 3) is flowed from centralized location 14 into outer conduit 35 of header 10a through fluid opening 33. Fluid 43 flows through annulus 39 and into inner conduit 38 through open end 38b from which the fluid exits into lateral pipes 13 to wellheads 11 through respective pipes 36a. The flowpath through header 10 forces the warm injection fluid to flow through the entire length of the outer conduit 35 (i.e. through the length of annulus 39) thereby allowing the warm fluid 43 to continuously transfer heat to the header and prevent freezing within the header so long as one or more wells are on line and the flow rate is sufficient to provide the heat necessary to prevent freezing in the header.
- a relatively warm injection fluid (white arrows 43 in FIG. 3) is flowed from centralized location 14 into outer conduit 35 of header 10a through fluid opening 33. Fluid 43 flows through annulus 39 and into inner conduit 38
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/115,726 US6062308A (en) | 1998-07-15 | 1998-07-15 | Well header for use in frigid environments |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/115,726 US6062308A (en) | 1998-07-15 | 1998-07-15 | Well header for use in frigid environments |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US6062308A true US6062308A (en) | 2000-05-16 |
Family
ID=22363068
Family Applications (1)
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US09/115,726 Expired - Lifetime US6062308A (en) | 1998-07-15 | 1998-07-15 | Well header for use in frigid environments |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6267172B1 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2001-07-31 | Mcclung, Iii Guy L. | Heat exchange systems |
US6460568B1 (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2002-10-08 | Valpar Industrial Limited | Multi-lumen manifold |
US6585047B2 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2003-07-01 | Mcclung, Iii Guy L. | System for heat exchange with earth loops |
US20030209340A1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2003-11-13 | Mcclung Guy L. | Microorganism enhancement with earth loop heat exchange systems |
US20070170272A1 (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2007-07-26 | Dariusz Mukomilow | Hydraulic header for a heating system |
GB2453125A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | Statoil Asa | Deadleg |
WO2010137989A3 (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2011-01-20 | Framo Engineering As | "heat transport dead leg" |
US8251021B1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2012-08-28 | Inventive Development Llc | Hydronic assembly of manifold with hydraulic separator and endsuction pumps |
CN104747838A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 舟山海川船舶机械有限公司 | Water inputting and returning pipe joint of double-layer drill rod |
US20160341347A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2016-11-24 | S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. | Manifold and methods of manufacturing same |
US20170113195A1 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | Jason Ladd | Static Mixer Manifold |
US20220088514A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2022-03-24 | Technology Trading, Llc. | Double pipe for uniformly distributing flow |
US20220099227A1 (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-31 | Isolation Equipment Services Inc. | Manifold for servicing multiple wells and method |
Citations (12)
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US2654434A (en) * | 1950-06-10 | 1953-10-06 | Pacific Pumping Company | Apparatus for drying excavations |
US3785402A (en) * | 1972-07-27 | 1974-01-15 | Exxon Production Research Co | Removable tubular insert for reducing erosion in headers |
US3825122A (en) * | 1973-06-11 | 1974-07-23 | J Taylor | Reverse-osmosis pump |
US4020902A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1977-05-03 | R. L. Gould | Well point system |
US4220012A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1980-09-02 | Brister Beryle D | Apparatus for freezing a slug of liquid in a section of a large diameter fluid transmission line |
US4249375A (en) * | 1977-04-19 | 1981-02-10 | Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft | Heat exchanger |
US4518663A (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-05-21 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Electrolyte circulation subsystem |
US4591095A (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1986-05-27 | Joseph T. Fama | Single-pressure actuated control system for compressed air spraying of water |
US4729404A (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1988-03-08 | Hergenroeder Patrick T | Receptacle for collecting fluid |
US4790375A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1988-12-13 | Ors Development Corporation | Mineral well heating systems |
US4800921A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1989-01-31 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method and apparatus for dividing a single stream of liquid and vapor into multiple streams having similar vapor to liquid rations |
US5316384A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1994-05-31 | Unosource Controls, Inc. | Primary-secondary circuit hydraulic interface |
-
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Patent Citations (12)
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US2654434A (en) * | 1950-06-10 | 1953-10-06 | Pacific Pumping Company | Apparatus for drying excavations |
US3785402A (en) * | 1972-07-27 | 1974-01-15 | Exxon Production Research Co | Removable tubular insert for reducing erosion in headers |
US3825122A (en) * | 1973-06-11 | 1974-07-23 | J Taylor | Reverse-osmosis pump |
US4020902A (en) * | 1975-07-03 | 1977-05-03 | R. L. Gould | Well point system |
US4220012A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1980-09-02 | Brister Beryle D | Apparatus for freezing a slug of liquid in a section of a large diameter fluid transmission line |
US4249375A (en) * | 1977-04-19 | 1981-02-10 | Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft | Heat exchanger |
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Cited By (28)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6460568B1 (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2002-10-08 | Valpar Industrial Limited | Multi-lumen manifold |
US20100243201A1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2010-09-30 | Mcclung Iii Guy Lamonte | Earth heat transfer loop apparatus |
US6338381B1 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2002-01-15 | Mcclung, Iii Guy L. | Heat exchange systems |
US6585047B2 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2003-07-01 | Mcclung, Iii Guy L. | System for heat exchange with earth loops |
US20030209340A1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2003-11-13 | Mcclung Guy L. | Microorganism enhancement with earth loop heat exchange systems |
US6896054B2 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2005-05-24 | Mcclung, Iii Guy L. | Microorganism enhancement with earth loop heat exchange systems |
US20050205260A1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2005-09-22 | Mcclung Guy L Iii | Wellbore rig with heat transfer loop apparatus |
US7128156B2 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2006-10-31 | Mcclung Iii Guy L | Wellbore rig with heat transfer loop apparatus |
US8176971B2 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2012-05-15 | Mcclung Iii Guy Lamonte | Earth heat transfer loop apparatus |
US6267172B1 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2001-07-31 | Mcclung, Iii Guy L. | Heat exchange systems |
US20070170272A1 (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2007-07-26 | Dariusz Mukomilow | Hydraulic header for a heating system |
US7509927B2 (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2009-03-31 | Comfort-Sinusverteiler Gmbh | Hydraulic header for a heating system |
US8251021B1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2012-08-28 | Inventive Development Llc | Hydronic assembly of manifold with hydraulic separator and endsuction pumps |
GB2453125A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | Statoil Asa | Deadleg |
US9297237B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2016-03-29 | Statoil Petroleum As | Deadleg |
GB2453125B (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2012-02-08 | Statoilhydro Asa | Deadleg |
CN102449260A (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2012-05-09 | 弗拉莫工程公司 | Heat transport dead leg |
AU2010253532B2 (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2015-08-27 | Framo Engineering As | "Heat transport dead leg" |
WO2010137989A3 (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2011-01-20 | Framo Engineering As | "heat transport dead leg" |
CN102449260B (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2016-03-30 | 弗拉莫工程公司 | The dead pin of Heat transmission |
US9328586B2 (en) | 2009-05-26 | 2016-05-03 | Framo Engineering As | Heat transport dead leg |
US20160341347A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2016-11-24 | S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. | Manifold and methods of manufacturing same |
US10670176B2 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2020-06-02 | S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. | Manifold and methods of manufacturing same |
CN104747838A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 舟山海川船舶机械有限公司 | Water inputting and returning pipe joint of double-layer drill rod |
US20170113195A1 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | Jason Ladd | Static Mixer Manifold |
US10058829B2 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2018-08-28 | Jason Ladd | Static mixer manifold |
US20220088514A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2022-03-24 | Technology Trading, Llc. | Double pipe for uniformly distributing flow |
US20220099227A1 (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-31 | Isolation Equipment Services Inc. | Manifold for servicing multiple wells and method |
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