US6451413B1 - Method of preparing a printing plate and printing plate - Google Patents
Method of preparing a printing plate and printing plate Download PDFInfo
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- US6451413B1 US6451413B1 US09/494,223 US49422300A US6451413B1 US 6451413 B1 US6451413 B1 US 6451413B1 US 49422300 A US49422300 A US 49422300A US 6451413 B1 US6451413 B1 US 6451413B1
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- fluid composition
- containing heterocyclic
- printing plate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/10—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme
- B41C1/1066—Forme preparation for lithographic printing; Master sheets for transferring a lithographic image to the forme by spraying with powders, by using a nozzle, e.g. an ink jet system, by fusing a previously coated powder, e.g. with a laser
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3271—Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3275—Hydroxyamines containing two hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/102—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/106—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D11/107—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31681—Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31699—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31935—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
Definitions
- This invention relates to a printing plate, a method of making such a printing plate, and a method of printing using such a plate to form a desired image on a medium. More particularly, the printing plate of this invention employs a fluid composition comprising a compound which comprises a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety that is acid-neutralized to adhere to a substrate that has a plurality of basic sites. The fluid composition is applied by ink jetting to a substrate, providing a printing plate that is ready-to-use on a press without having to develop it.
- the offset lithographic printing process has long used a developed planographic printing plate having oleophilic image areas and hydrophilic non-image areas.
- the plate is commonly dampened before or during inking with an oil-based ink composition.
- the dampening process utilizes an aqueous fountain solution such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,877,372, 4,278,467 and 4,854,969.
- aqueous fountain solution such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,877,372, 4,278,467 and 4,854,969.
- European Patent Publication No. 503,621 discloses a direct method to make lithographic plates by jetting a photocurable ink onto the plate substrate, and then exposing the plate to ultraviolet radiation to harden the image area. An oil-based ink may then be transferred to the image area for printing onto a printing medium. But, neither the resolution of ink drops jetted onto the substrate, nor the durability of the lithographic printing plate with respect to printing runlength was disclosed.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,833,486 discloses the apparatus and process for imaging a plate with a “hot melt” type of inkjet printer.
- the image is produced by jetting at high temperature a “phase change” type of ink which solidifies when it hits the cooler substrate.
- the ink becomes instantaneously solid rather than remaining a liquid or gel which is thereafter cured to form a solid.
- such an ink does not provide good resistance to press run due to the wax-type nature of the ink formulation.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,942,335 discloses the use of a polymer containing a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, namely a polymer of 4-vinyl pyridine, in the formulation of an ink receiving layer of an ink jet recording sheet.
- a polymer containing a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group namely a polymer of 4-vinyl pyridine
- the use of such a compound in a fluid composition applied directly to a printing plate substrate to form an imaged, ink-receptive layer is not disclosed.
- the printing plate of this invention may advantageously be prepared without a chemical development step typically required.
- the printing plate of this invention is also capable of extended press run length.
- the fluid composition of this invention is suitable for ink jetting upon a substrate and comprises a compound that comprises at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety, wherein the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties of the compound are at least partially neutralized with an acid, in aqueous solution.
- the printing plate of this invention is prepared by: (a) providing a substrate; and (b) applying by ink jetting to the substrate a fluid composition as described.
- the compound that comprises at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety is selected from the group consisting of polymers or copolymers of 2-vinylpyridines, polymers or copolymers of 4-vinylpyridines, polymers or copolymers of ethylimidazolidone methacrylates, 2-pyridyl ethyl trimethoxysilanes, and mixtures thereof.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties of the compound are partially or fully neutralized with formic acid.
- the printing plate of this invention is capable of extended press run length and advantageously avoids the need of chemical development.
- the oleophilic material must adhere well to the substrate. Adhesion of the oleophilic material may be controlled in at least two ways. First, the oleophilic material should have a chemical interaction with the substrate that provides a type of chemical binding and promotes adhesion. For example, the chemical composition of the oleophilic material can be varied to promote its adhesion to the substrate. Also, the composition of the substrate can be varied to increase binding of the oleophilic material. Second, the substrate should provide microscopic topology that allows the oleophilic material to interlock mechanically with the substrate when dry or hardened. Mechanical interlocking can be affected by roughening the surface of the substrate. Thus, by controlling these variables, a printing plate can be made with increased adhesion of the oleophilic material, and correspondingly longer printing run operation.
- the oleophilic material is placed on the substrate by ink jetting a fluid composition comprising the oleophilic material.
- the fluid composition is the vehicle to carry the oleophilic material
- the wettability of the substrate by the ink-jetted droplets of fluid composition and the spreading of the ink-jetted droplets are properties that affect resolution of the printing process. Too much spreading of the ink-jetted droplets of fluid composition will reduce printing resolution.
- the substrates used here typically have high surface tension and allow aqueous fluids to spread completely and rapidly over their surface. While this benefits adhesion of the oleophilic material to the substrate, it disadvantageously reduces image resolution in printing.
- the fluid composition is prepared to balance these properties, and provide good adhesion for longer press runs in conjunction with high image resolution.
- the spreading of droplets is reduced in two ways by the present invention.
- the printing plate of this invention encompasses lithographic printing plates, flexographic printing plates, and gravure printing plates.
- printing plate substrates such as aluminum, polymeric film, and paper may be used as the printing plate substrate of this invention.
- the printing plate substrate may be subjected to treatments such as electrograining, anodization, and silication to enhance its surface characteristics.
- the surface characteristics that are modified by such treatments are roughness, topology, and the nature and quantity of surface chemical sites.
- the printing plate surface comprises a plurality of basic sites, such as, but not limited to, sodium silicate groups.
- Substrates that can be employed are given in Table 1.
- Substrates chosen for use in this invention are preferably based on aluminum oxide, and may be subjected to various conventional surface treatments as are well known to those skilled in the art to give a surface that has a plurality of basic sites in the Bronsted acid-base view. These treatments also result in different surface roughness, topology, and surface chemical sites, as summarized in Table 1.
- AA means “as anodized.”
- the aluminum surface is first quartz grained and then anodized using DC current of about 8 A/cm 2 for 30 seconds in a H 2 SO 4 solution (280 g/liter) at 30° C.
- EG means “electrolytic graining.”
- the aluminum surface is first degreased, etched and subjected to a desmut step (removal of reaction products of aluminum and the etchant).
- the plate is then electrolytically grained using an AC current of 30-60 A/cm 2 in a hydrochloric acid solution (10 g/liter) for 30 seconds at 25° C., followed by a post-etching alkaline wash and a desmut step.
- the grained plate is then anodized using DC current of about 8 A/cm 2 for 30 seconds in a H 2 SO 4 solution (280 g/liter) at 30° C.
- PVPA polyvinylphosphonic acid
- DS means “double sided smooth.”
- the aluminum oxide plate is first degreased, etched or chemically grained, and subjected to a desmut step. The smooth plate is then anodized.
- “Sil” means the anodized plate is immersed in a sodium silicate solution to coat it with an interlayer. The coated plate is then rinsed with deionized water and dried at room temperature.
- PG means “pumice grained.”
- the aluminum surface is first degreased, etched and subjected to a desmut step.
- the plate is then mechanically grained by subjecting it to a 30% pumice slurry at 30° C., followed by a post-etching step and a desmut step.
- the grained plate is then anodized using DC current of about 8 A/cm 2 for 30 seconds in an H 2 SO 4 solution (280 g/liter) at 30° C.
- the anodized plate is then coated with an interlayer.
- G20 is a printing plate substrate which is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,368,974, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- CHB means chemical graining in a basic solution. After an aluminum substrate is subjected to a matte finishing process, a solution of 50 to 100 g/liter NaOH is used during graining at 50 to 70° C. for 1 minute. The grained plate is then anodized using DC current of about 8 A/cm 2 for 30 seconds in an H 2 SO 4 solution (280 g/liter) at 30° C. The anodized plate is then coated with a silicated interlayer.
- PF substrate has a phosphate fluoride interlayer.
- the process solution contains sodium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium fluoride.
- the anodized substrate is treated in the solution at 70° C. for a dwell time of 60 seconds, followed by a water rinse, and drying.
- the deposited dihydrogen phosphate is about 500 mg/m 2 .
- a “basic” surface will have a plurality of basic sites and acidic sites present, with the basic sites predominating to some degree.
- an “acidic” surface will have a plurality of acidic sites and basic sites present, with the acidic sites predominating to some degree.
- the PG-Sil printing plate substrate appears to have a higher silicate site density than the DS-Sil printing plate substrate, and is more basic. It is also known that the G20 printing plate substrate exhibits less acidic character than AA printing plate substrates.
- the oleophilic compound of the present invention that forms the ink-receiving layer may be prepared from a starting polymer that comprises base groups by partially or filly neutralizing the base groups with acid to give a product polymer that comprises the base groups and conjugate acid groups, or comprises solely the conjugate acid groups.
- the oleophilic product polymer is used to make long-lasting printing plates by enhancing the adhesion of the product polymer to the substrate.
- the conjugate acid groups of the product polymer react with, for example, the silicated sites, —SiO ⁇ Na + , of the basic substrate in ionic double exchange to bind the polymer to the substrate. This chemical binding works in combination with the physico-chemical adsorption of the product polymer to the roughened substrate to provide strong adhesion of the ink-receiving layer, a more durable printing plate, and longer printing press runs.
- the starting polymer of preferred embodiments comprises a monomer that comprises a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety.
- the starting polymer can be a homopolymer, copolymer, terpolymer, and the like.
- copolymer we mean any polymer comprised of more than one type of monomer, prepared in a copolymerization.
- terpolymer we mean a polymer consisting essentially of three types of monomers, prepared in a copolymerization.
- a copolymer can include a terpolymer.
- the oleophilic compound of the present invention that forms the ink-receiving layer may also be prepared from a starting monomeric compound that comprises base groups, such as a substituted silane.
- a starting polymer of this invention preferably has a surface energy, as measured according to the Owens-Wendt method, as described in J. Applied Polymer Science, 1969, Vol. 13, pp. 1741, based on two liquid probes, water and diiodomethane, of less than about 50 dynes/cm.
- the starting polymer most preferably comprises a monomer selected from the group consisting of 2-vinylpyridines, 4-vinylpyridines, ethylimidazolidone methacrylates, and mixtures thereof. These polymers comprise a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety that can react with formic acid to produce conjugate acid groups, XNH + HCOO ⁇ , where XN is a pyridyl or uridyl group, to react with the substrate.
- the oleophilic compound of the present invention that forms the ink-receiving layer is a compound which comprises at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety, and the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties are at least partially neutralized with an acid, resulting in excellent adhesion to the substrate.
- An illustrative example of the oleophilic compound of the present invention that forms the ink-receiving layer is 2-pyridyl ethyl trimethoxysilanes, and the like.
- Acids suitable for neutralizing the base groups of the oleophilic compound conform to one of the formulae in the group consisting of H(CH 2 ) n COOH, and HOCHRCOOH, where R is —H, —CH 3 , or —CH 2 CH 3 , and n is from zero to six. Acids used in preferred embodiments are formic, acetic, lactic, and glycolic, while formic acid is especially preferred.
- the ink-receptive layer produced with the oleophilic compound has excellent adhesion to the substrate surface, and as set forth in further detail below, the resulting printing plate exhibits extended press run length.
- the superior results of the printing plate of this invention are achieved without chemical development.
- the fluid composition comprising the oleophilic compound is preferably applied by ink jetting to the substrate surface, typically by an ink jet printer using equipment and techniques which are well known to those skilled in the art. In this manner, the substrate is imaged so that after the fluid composition dries, an ink receptive layer is formed in the desired image on the surface of the substrate.
- the nature of the oleophilic compound enhances the resolution achieved in printing because the fluid composition can be “interfacially matched” to the substrate.
- interfacial matching we mean providing an oleophilic compound comprising conjugate acid groups to be used with a basic substrate, or conversely, providing an oleophilic compound comprising conjugate base groups to be used with an acidic substrate.
- the droplet of fluid composition on the substrate spreads as a primary film in advance of the bulk of the droplet. Further, water and formic acid in the advancing primary film evaporate relatively quickly, leaving behind an increased concentration of neutral base groups on the oleophilic compound.
- the fluid composition contains a humectant to help retain water in the ink jet nozzle during idle periods.
- Suitable humectants include glycerol, aliphatic glycols, aliphatic glycol ethers, and mixtures thereof.
- the fluid composition may also contain other additives, such as colorants, biocides, corrosion inhibitors, and anti-foam agents, as used by those of skill in the art of ink jet printing, without loss of the characteristic properties of this invention.
- Adsorbing a surfactant to a conventional printing plate substrate, prior to application of an ink receptive layer, can improve the image resolution achieved.
- a surfactant-pretreated substrate will be termed a “printing plate precursor” herein.
- a printing plate may be prepared from the printing plate precursor by imagewise applying a fluid composition as described above to the substrate.
- the fluid composition is applied by means of an ink jet printer, and then dried to form an ink receptive layer in the form of the desired image.
- chemical development of the printing plate is not required.
- Adhesion of the oleophilic compound from the fluid composition to the substrate after drying is not diminished substantially by the presence of the precursor plate surfactant, which tends only to slow the spreading of the aqueous droplet deposited by the ink jet nozzle.
- the precursor plate surfactant can increase resolution without reducing press run length.
- Surfactants that can be used for the precursor include alkyl tail surfactants, fluorosurfactants and siliconated surfactants.
- alkyl tail surfactants include sodium dodecylsulfate, isopropylamine salts of an alkylarylsulfonate, sodium dioctyl succinate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl ether phosphoric acid, N-dodecylamine, dicocoamine, 1-aminoethyl-2-alkylimidazoline, 1-hydroxyethyl-2-alkylimidazoline, and cocoalkyl trimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride, polyethylene tridecyl ether phosphate, and the like.
- (1) FSJ also contains a nonfluorinated surfactant.
- R ** contains an ammonium function.
- ZONYL surfactants are commercially available from E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. and have a distribution of perfluoroalkyl chain length.
- FLUORAD surfactants are commercially available from 3M Company and have a narrow distribution of the hydrophobic chain length.
- Illustrative siliconated surfactants include the following non-exhaustive listing: polyether modified poly-dimethyl-siloxane, silicone glycol, polyether modified dimethyl-polysiloxane copolymer, and polyether-polyester modified hydroxy functional polydimethyl-siloxane.
- the precursor plate surfactant may be adsorbed onto the substrate by any conventional method, preferably by immersion of the substrate in an aqueous solution of the surfactant for a time, typically one minute, which is effective to permit adsorption of the surfactant upon the substrate.
- any non-adsorbed surfactant is then removed from the printing plate substrate surface.
- the substrate is rinsed with water to remove non-adsorbed surfactant, then dried.
- the resulting printing plate precursor has a surfactant on at least one surface, in an amount effective to improve the resolution of printing.
- An imaged substrate prepared by imagewise applying a fluid composition to a substrate could also be used, for example, as a precursor for a printed circuit board in which conductive metals are deposited onto the imaged substrate.
- Fluid composition R2884-1384 was prepared by mixing R2930-14, a 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) product copolymer, 3 weight percent, with 2 weight percent glycerol humectant, and 0.3 weight percent SURFYNOL 465 ink jet surfactant, in 94.7 weight percent deionized water solution. Fluid composition 1384 was then ink-jetted with an EPSON 740 printer onto an EG-Sil substrate (Table 1) that was pretreated with FLUORAD FC-135 precursor plate surfactant (0.1 weight percent in water). After drying without processing or developing, the image on the substrate did not rub off with a pad impregnated with ink and water.
- 4-VP 4-vinylpyridine
- This printing plate was used in an accelerated press trial of 15,000 impressions on paper, and no evidence of image wearing was observed. Thus, the plate was suitable for low volume printing.
- the accelerated press trial used a rubber transfer blanket of high hardness that accelerates wear of the printing plate.
- This fluid composition comprising the product copolymer was also suitable for low volume printing on an acidic AA substrate (Table 1) pretreated with FLUORAD FC-129 surfactant (0.1 weight percent in water).
- a dot size test was used to measure spreading behavior of the fluid composition on a substrate plate as follows: The fluid composition was ink jetted with an EPSON 740 printer onto a substrate and the dot size was measured with a microscope. Fluid composition R2884-1384 on substrate EG-Sil, without the use of a precursor plate surfactant, exhibited a dot size of 48 micrometers, which was reduced to 34 micrometers when FLUORAD FC-135 precursor plate surfactant was used.
- the 4-vinylpyridine product copolymer R2930-14 was prepared from methyl methacrylate (MMA), 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP), ethyl acrylate (EA), and hydroxyethy lacrylate (HEA) in the ratio 45.6:26.7:14.83:12.87.
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) 4-vinylpyridine
- EA ethyl acrylate
- HSA hydroxyethy lacrylate
- a printing plate that survives an accelerated press trial of fifteen thousand impressions with no evidence of wear of the ink-receiving layer on the substrate or in the printed impressions is suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Such a plate is called suitable for “low volume” printing since a press run of fifteen thousand is a low volume commercial run. It should be noted that passing an accelerated press trial of fifteen thousand impressions with no evidence of wear means that the plate is capable of a substantially longer press run than fifteen thousand under ordinary commercial printing conditions.
- a printing plate that shows evidence of wear of the ink-receiving layer on the substrate or in the printed impressions for a run of about one thousand to less than about fifteen thousand impressions is a plate that is suitable for “very low volume” printing.
- a printing plate that shows evidence of wear of the ink-receiving layer on the substrate or in the printed impressions for a run of less than about one thousand impressions is a plate that is not suitable for commercial printing, although it has utility to form an image.
- Fluid composition R2884-1382 was prepared by mixing a low molecular weight 4-vinylpyridine product homopolymer, 2 weight percent, with 2 weight percent glycerol humectant, and 0.3 weight percent SURFYNOL 465 ink jet surfactant, in 95.7 weight percent deionized water solution. Fluid composition 1382 was then ink-jetted with an EPSON 740 printer onto an EG-Sil substrate (Table 1) that was pretreated with FLUORAD FC-135 precursor plate surfactant (0.1 weight percent in water). After drying without processing or developing, the image on the substrate did not rub off with a pad impregnated with ink and water. This printing plate was used in an accelerated press trial of 15,000 impressions on paper, and no evidence of image wearing was observed. Thus, the plate was suitable for low volume printing. The accelerated press trial used a rubber transfer blanket of high hardness that accelerates wear of the printing plate.
- Fluid composition R2884-1383 was prepared by mixing starting polymer R2930-13, a WAP acrylic product copolymer, 3 weight percent, with 2 weight percent glycerol humectant, and 0.3 weight percent SURFYNOL 465 ink jet surfactant, in 94.7 weight percent deionized water solution. Fluid composition 1383 was then ink-jetted with an EPSON 740 printer onto an EG-Sil substrate (Table 1) that was pretreated with FLUORAD FC-135 precursor plate surfactant (0.1 weight percent in water). After drying without processing or developing, the image on the substrate did not rub off with a pad impregnated with ink and water. This printing plate was used in an accelerated press trial of 15,000 impressions on paper, and no evidence of image wearing was observed. Thus, the plate was suitable for low volume printing. The accelerated press trial used a rubber transfer blanket of high hardness that accelerates wear of the printing plate. This plate was suitable for very low volume printing (5,000 impressions) on PF substrate.
- the WAP acrylic product copolymer, R2930-13 was prepared from methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), and ethylimidazolidone methacrylate (MEIO), in the ratio 72:23:5.
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- DMAEMA 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate
- MEIO ethylimidazolidone methacrylate
- a 2 L roundbottom flask was charged with 240 g methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and the solvent was stirred and heated to reflux under nitrogen.
- MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
- Fluid composition R2884-144 was prepared by mixing 2-pyridylethyl trimethoxysilane (Gelest, Inc.), 3 weight percent, with formic acid, 0.3 weight percent, glycerol humectant, 2 weight percent, and SURFYNOL 465 ink jet surfactant, 0.3 weight percent, in 94.4 weight percent deionized water solution. Fluid composition 144 was then ink-jetted with an EPSON 740 printer onto an EG-Sil substrate that was pretreated with FLUORAD FC-135 precursor plate surfactant (0.1 weight percent in water). After drying without processing or developing, the image on the substrate did not rub off with a pad impregnated with ink and water.
- This printing plate was used in an accelerated press trial of 15,000 impressions on paper, and no evidence of image wearing was observed. Thus, the plate was suitable for low volume printing.
- the accelerated press trial used a rubber transfer blanket of high hardness that accelerates wear of the printing plate. Fluid composition 144 did not adhere and was easily rubbed off with a pad impregnated with ink and water from acidic substrates AA and PF (Table 1).
Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 |
Substrates for printing plates |
Substrate | Surface | ||
name | Surface Treatment | Interlayer Treatment | Property |
AA | Quartz Grained | None | Acidic |
and Anodized | |||
EG-PVPA | Electrograined | Polyvinyl | Acidic |
and Anodized | phosphoric acid | ||
PF | Electrograined | Sodium dihydrogen | Acidic |
and Anodized | phosphate/Sodium | ||
fluoride | |||
G20 | Electrograined | Vinylphosphonic | Acidic/ |
and Anodized | acid/acrylamide | Amphoteric | |
copolymer | |||
EG-Sil | Electrograined | Sodium Silicate | Basic |
and Anodized | |||
DS-Sil | Chemically Grained | Sodium Silicate | Basic |
and Anodized | |||
PG-Sil | Pumice Grained | Sodium Silicate | Basic |
and Anodized | |||
CHB-Sil | Chemically Grained, | Sodium Silicate | Basic |
Anodized and Silicated | |||
TABLE 2 |
Fluorosurfactants useful in preferred embodiments |
Trade Name | Chemical Structure | Type |
Zonyl FSD | F(CF2CF2)1-7-alkyl-N+R3Cl− | Cationic |
Fluorad FC-135 | C8F17SO2NHC3H6N−(CH3)3I− | Cationic |
Zonyl FSA | F(CF2CF2)1-7CH2CH2SCH2CH2CO2-Li+ | Anionic |
Fluorad FC-129 | C8F17SO2N(C2H5)CH2CO2 −K+ | Anionic |
Zonyl FSP | (F(CF2CF2)1-7CH2CH2O)1,2PO (O−NH4 +)1,2 | Anionic |
Zonyl FSJ(1) | (F(CF2CF2)1-7CH2CH2O)1,2PO (O−NH4 +)1.2 | Anionic |
Fluorad FC-120 | C10F21SO3 −NH4 + | Anionic |
Zonyl FS-62 | C6F13CH2CH2SO3H, C6F13CH2CH2SO3 −NH 4 + | Anionic |
Zonyl FSK | F(CF2CF2)1-7CH2CHOAcCH2N+R2CH2COO− | Amphoteric |
Fluorad FC-100(2) | R**SO3 − | Amphoteric |
Fluorad FC-170C | C8F17SO2N(C2H3) (CH2CH2O)xH | Nonionic |
Fluorad FC-171 | C8F17SO2N(C2H5) (CH2CH2O)xCH3 | Nonionic |
Zonyl FSO(3) | F(CF2CF2)1-7CH2CH2O (CH2CH2O)yH | Nonionic |
Zonyl FS-300(3) | F(CF2CF2)1-7CH2CH2O (CH2CH2O)zH (z > y) | Nonionic |
(1)FSJ also contains a nonfluorinated surfactant. | ||
(2)R** contains an ammonium function. | ||
(3)y or z = 0 to about 25. |
Claims (37)
Priority Applications (1)
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US09/494,223 US6451413B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-01-27 | Method of preparing a printing plate and printing plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/244,580 US6455132B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Lithographic printing printable media and process for the production thereof |
US09/494,223 US6451413B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-01-27 | Method of preparing a printing plate and printing plate |
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US09/244,580 Continuation-In-Part US6455132B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Lithographic printing printable media and process for the production thereof |
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US6451413B1 true US6451413B1 (en) | 2002-09-17 |
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US09/244,580 Expired - Fee Related US6455132B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Lithographic printing printable media and process for the production thereof |
US09/494,225 Expired - Lifetime US6555205B2 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-01-27 | Printing plate and method to prepare a printing plate |
US09/494,224 Expired - Fee Related US6472054B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-01-27 | Method of preparing a printing plate and printing plate |
US09/494,223 Expired - Lifetime US6451413B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-01-27 | Method of preparing a printing plate and printing plate |
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US09/244,580 Expired - Fee Related US6455132B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 1999-02-04 | Lithographic printing printable media and process for the production thereof |
US09/494,225 Expired - Lifetime US6555205B2 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-01-27 | Printing plate and method to prepare a printing plate |
US09/494,224 Expired - Fee Related US6472054B1 (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-01-27 | Method of preparing a printing plate and printing plate |
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US (4) | US6455132B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1077812A2 (en) |
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IL (2) | IL138707A0 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1077812A2 (en) | 2001-02-28 |
US6455132B1 (en) | 2002-09-24 |
US6555205B2 (en) | 2003-04-29 |
US6472054B1 (en) | 2002-10-29 |
WO2000046038A2 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
IL138707A0 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
IL164996A0 (en) | 2005-12-18 |
WO2000046038A3 (en) | 2000-12-14 |
JP2002536462A (en) | 2002-10-29 |
WO2000046036A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
US20020164494A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
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