US700831A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 27, |902. F. SARGENT.

FU R N A C E.

(Application filed Apr. 29, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

Q A v :n co; mman L nU m 7.. 2 V. a M d e .I n 8 t a P M. Ew. GA DnN Ann SU .F .r M o0 D 7 nm N (Application filed Apr. 29, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(N0 Mndel.)

fuel While shifting from point to point may UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK SARGENT, -OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters'Patent No. '700,831,6.ated May 27, 1902.

Application filed April 29, 1901.

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK SARGENT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certainnew and useful Improvement in Furnaces, (Case No. 2,) of which the following is a jfull, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification. v

My invention relates to furnaces, and particularly to that class of furnaces wherein fuel is fed by means of machinery, so that a shifting vbed of the fuel, as coal, is provided in the furnace; and my invention has for its object the provision of means wherebythe be subject throughout its entire body to the necessary draft of air to create a complete combustion.

My invention is of particular utility in connection with chain grates which travel within the furnaces, carrying the fuel with them.

Heretofore many difficulties have been eX- perienced in operating chain grates, among the greatest of which was the imperfect combustion of the fuel at the rear end of the furnace,as this part of the fuel by moving with the grate was carried farther and farther away, from the most effective part of the draft toward the rear of the furnace, and, particularly in the case of coking-coal, which is slower in combustion, was liable to be carried over the end of the grate and to fall into the ash-pit in aipartially-consumed state. Itis essential, therefore, to secure the double purpose of accelerating the combustion at the rear end of the furnace and at the same time check the movement of the partially-consumed coal as it approaches the rear end until there has been time to perfect combustion. To this end I have provided means for creating a forced incoming draft at the rear end of the furnace 'that' is directed upon the fuel that would otherwise be partially unconsumed and passed to the ash-pit. The furnace is preferably provided with means whereby the fuel as it is fed toward the rear thereof is banked into place, so as to be subject to the incoming rear draft and completely consumed. In combination with the means for producing the incoming draft I preferably Serial No. 571937. (No model.)

employ a deliecting-plate, -against which the draft is directed and which serves to deflect the draft in the required direction to reach the unconsumed fuel. In order that the necessary circulation of air through the grate bars or chainsmay be'secured, a portion of the incoming draft may be'directed below the same and the balance above the same, or that part of the drafti that is directed below the grates may be shutoff anda natural draft supplied from the front of the furnace. In the former case the furnace is preferably sealed, except at the points of egress of the drafts of air g and a further feature of my invention consists'in forming the furnace in part of a deck that is provided underneath the chains for receivingA thel fuel that may drop between the'links thereof, which fuel may be withdrawn from time to time and again placed upon the moving grate.

I will explain my invention more fully by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-'- Figure l is a longitudinal sectional View of a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, a sectional view on line 2 2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3, a perspective view of the means that I preferably employ for providing the incoming draft at the rear of the furnace.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the different figures.

I have illustrated a furnace employed in connection with a well-known form of inclined water-tube boiler; but the application of the invention is not to be limited to any particular purpose.

A fuel-supporting means in'the form of a chain grate a is illustrated that may be of any suitable form known to those skilled in the art, which chain grate is mounted to travel vabout drums b b, oneV of which is provided with a worm c, that engages a worm-shaft d, driven by any suitable power applied thereto to eect a longitudinal travel of the grate. The chain grate is mounted upon a framework e, which in turnis mounted upon wheels ff, that constitute with the said frame a carriage for the grate that may be totally removed from the furnace and readily replaced, tracks g g being provided, upon which the IOO wheels ff may travel. A wind-box h is provided at the rear of the furnace, to which a draft of air may be supplied through the duct '11, that preferably communicates with the bottom of the box. The draft of air may be controlled in pressure and quantity by any wellknown means. The upper end of the WindboX preferably has its side walls project above the upper stretch of the chain grate,-

which side walls then project slightly downward and. have their edges fitted in contour to the curved part of the grate, as illustrated most clearly in Figs. l and 3. The transverse walls of the wind-box are preferably curved downwardly at ft" and 7c. The upper edges of the transverse walls and side walls form the edges of the opening through which the blast of air is forced. The incoming current of air serves to cool the parts of the wind-box that are adjacent to the fire, which is especially desirable, as the part 7c preferablyT constitutes an abutment against which the fuel is accumulated, so as to be subject to further consumption. The top 7c of the wind-box is preferably pivoted at Z by trunnions inserted in the side Walls of the furnace. By this construction the placement of the ywind-box is facilitated and the part 7c may rotate in the event of breakage of the grate chain, which otherwise might fracture the wind-box. The fuel is usually coked when it reaches the middle of the grate, so that most of the fuel is in the form of coke when it reaches the Wind-box. To properly direct the incoming draft of air uponA the fuel, I preferably employ a deiecting-plate m, that is secured to the side walls of the traveling frame e and is preferably so shaped as to deliect the draft upwardly through the fuel, as indicated by the arrows. The deecting-plate is pivoted at m and is provided with the handle m2, projecting through the walls of the furnace, by means of which the angle of the deflect-,ingplate may be adjusted.

A deck n, preferably of concrete, is provided beneath the chain grate. This grate and the door o in front of the furnace together form means whereby the natural draft is cutV olf, which is preferably done when forced draft is to be used altogether, in which latter case I preferably form the wind-box with a series of draft-openingsp, that may be opened and closed by a suitably-perforated plate q upon the movement of the handle r. The deck n, in addition to this function, serves to receive the unconsumed fuel that drops through the grate-bars from time to time, which fallen fuel can be withdrawn through the opening closed by the door o and placed within the feeding-hopper s. The Wind-box forms the rear wall of the combustion-chamber that contains the grate, a space f being provided between the wind box and the bridge-wall it, through which the refuse from the fuel may fall into the ash-pit c, normally sealed by doors tu w. When the ashes are to be removed, one or the other of the doors w may be opened, in which event in order to prevent the draft from forcing its way through the passage tI employ a door fr, that may be closed by a chain y, which door when moved into a horizontal position, as indicated by dotted lines, closes the lower portion of the passage t. v n

The coal after becoming coked is slower to burn, and the device of my invention enables me to accumulate this coke before it is passed over into the ash-pit as unconsumed fuel, and to force a blast of air through the accumulated pile of coke to thoroughly effect its combustion I provide the supply of air where it is most needed and where heretofore the blast has been greatly spent.

It will be observed that I have disposeda chain grate before the wind-box, so that the grate may be interposed between the wind-r box and the front of the'furnace, to thereby secure a most effective and wide applicationv of the blast. rIlhe structural advantages are also greatly increased, as no limitation need be placed upon the character of the wind-box by reason of the construction of the grate. If .it should be desired toprovide a blast from the portion of the grate between the horizontal stretches thereof, this is secured by thedeflecting-plate m between the stretches cooperating with the wind-box.

I have herein shownl and particularly de!l scribed the preferred embodiment of myinvention; but it is obvious that lchanges may readily be made therein withoutdeparting from its spirit, and I do not, therefore, wish toV be limited to the precise disclosure herein set forth; but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a furnace, the combination with a travel-ing chain grate, of a wind-box at the rear of the furnace provided with upper and lower openings vbetween which the grat-e is disposed, so that air is blasted through the grate fuel, a passagebeing provided between the wind-box and the bridge-wall of the furnace, through which ashes from the fuel may pass, an ash-pit being provided beneath the furnace for receiving the ashes, and a door m for closing the said passage-way to the ash-pit when the ashes are to be removed, substantially as described.

3. In a furnace, the combination with a 'traveling chain grate, of a 'wind-box at the rear thereof projecting above the grate and having its upper end. constituting a lodgingplace for accumulated fuel, the air passing IOO through the wind-box serving to cool the metal thereof, whereby the wind-box may withstand the temperature of the burning fuel, the upper part of the wind-box being formed with a pivotal section lo, substantially as described.

4. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of a wind-box at the rear thereof, projecting above the grate and having its upper end constituting a lodgingplace for accumulated fuel, the air passing through the wind-box serving to cool the metal thereof, whereby the wind-box may withstand the temperature of the burning fuel, substantially as described.

5. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of a traveling carriage for supporting the same, a deiiecting-plate fm located between the stretches of the chain grate and mounted upon the side walls of the said frame, and means at the rear ofthe furnace for directing a blast of air upon the said deflecting-plate, which thereupon serves to redirect the blast of air upwardly through the fuel, substantially as described 6. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of means at the rear thereof for directing a blast of air upon the fuel, the front of the furnace being provided with sealing means and a deck beneath the traveling chain grate forming, with the front of the furnace, means for sealing the same, and constituting a support for receiving the fuel falling through the grate before it is consumed, an ash-pit provided beneath the deck, and a passage-way at the rear of the grate through which ashes from the grate may fall into the ash-pit, substantially as described.

7. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of means at the front of the furnace for placing fuel upon the grate, a wind-box at the rear of the furnace provided with means at its upper end constituting an abutment or lodging-place against which fuel may be accumulated to more readily permit its consumption, and a deiiectiug-plate for directing the blast of air upwardly through this accumulated fuel, substantially as described.

S. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of means at the front of the furnace for placing fuel upon the grate, and a wind-box at the rear of the furnace provided with means at its upper end constituting an abutment or lodging-place against which fuel may be accumulated to more readily permit its consumption, substantially as described.

9. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of means at the front of the furnace for feeding fuel upon the grate, means for creating a forced blast at the rear of the furnace upon the fuel, and a deflecting-plate cooperating with the blast-creating means and serving to direct the blast of air upwardly through the fuel, substantially as described.

l0. In afurnace, the combination with fuelsupporting means, of means at the front of the furnace for placing fuel Vupon the fuelsupporting means, a wind-box at the rear of the furnace constituting au abutment against which the fuel may be gathered, and a deiecting-plate located below the fuel, the said wind-box serving to direct a blast of air upon the deflecting-plate, the latter serving to deiiect the blast of air up through the fuel, substantially as described.

1l. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of a traveling carriage for supporting the same, an adjustable deflecting-plate located between the stretches of the chain grate and mounted upon the side walls of the said frame, and means at the rear of the furnace for directing a blast of air upon the said defiecting-plate, which thereupon serves to redirect the blast of air upwardly through the fuel, substantially as described.

12.*In a furnace,the combination with a traveling chain grate, of means at the front of the furnace for placing fuel upon the grate, a wind-box at the rear of the furnace provided with means at its upper end constituting an abutment or lodging-place against which fuel ma)T be accumulated to more readily permit its consumption, and an adjustable deflecting-plate for directingthe blast of air upwardly through this accumulated fuel, substantially as described.

13. 4In a furnace, the combination with a traveling chain grate, of means at the front of the furnace for feeding fuel upon the grate, means for creating a forced blast at the rear of the furnace upon the fuel, and an adjustable deflecting-plate cooperating with the blast-creating means and serving to direct the blast of air upwardly through the fuel, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my naine this 20th day of April, A. D. 1901.

FREDERICK SAR GENT.

Witnesses:

HERBERT F. OBERGFELL, HARVEY L. I-IANsoN.`

IOO

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