US7091961B2 - Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display - Google Patents

Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US7091961B2
US7091961B2 US09/850,505 US85050501A US7091961B2 US 7091961 B2 US7091961 B2 US 7091961B2 US 85050501 A US85050501 A US 85050501A US 7091961 B2 US7091961 B2 US 7091961B2
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
workstation
display
pen
screen
user
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US09/850,505
Other versions
US20010017761A1 (en
Inventor
Richard J. Ditzik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NETAIRUS SYSTEMS LLC
Original Assignee
Ditzik Richard J
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26771455&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US7091961(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Ditzik Richard J filed Critical Ditzik Richard J
Priority to US09/850,505 priority Critical patent/US7091961B2/en
Publication of US20010017761A1 publication Critical patent/US20010017761A1/en
Priority to US10/308,640 priority patent/US20030080949A1/en
Priority to US11/373,075 priority patent/US20060187626A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US7091961B2 publication Critical patent/US7091961B2/en
Assigned to NETAIRUS SYSTEMS LLC reassignment NETAIRUS SYSTEMS LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DITZIK, RICHARD J.
Assigned to NETAIRUS SYSTEMS LLC reassignment NETAIRUS SYSTEMS LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DITZIK, RICHARD J.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1684Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675
    • G06F1/169Constructional details or arrangements related to integrated I/O peripherals not covered by groups G06F1/1635 - G06F1/1675 the I/O peripheral being an integrated pointing device, e.g. trackball in the palm rest area, mini-joystick integrated between keyboard keys, touch pads or touch stripes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1615Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with several enclosures having relative motions, each enclosure supporting at least one I/O or computing function
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1615Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with several enclosures having relative motions, each enclosure supporting at least one I/O or computing function
    • G06F1/1616Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with several enclosures having relative motions, each enclosure supporting at least one I/O or computing function with folding flat displays, e.g. laptop computers or notebooks having a clamshell configuration, with body parts pivoting to an open position around an axis parallel to the plane they define in closed position
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1626Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1632External expansion units, e.g. docking stations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/04 - G06F1/32
    • G06F2200/16Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/16 - G06F1/18
    • G06F2200/161Indexing scheme relating to constructional details of the monitor
    • G06F2200/1612Flat panel monitor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/04 - G06F1/32
    • G06F2200/16Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/16 - G06F1/18
    • G06F2200/161Indexing scheme relating to constructional details of the monitor
    • G06F2200/1614Image rotation following screen orientation, e.g. switching from landscape to portrait mode
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/04 - G06F1/32
    • G06F2200/16Indexing scheme relating to G06F1/16 - G06F1/18
    • G06F2200/163Indexing scheme relating to constructional details of the computer
    • G06F2200/1631Panel PC, e.g. single housing hosting PC and display panel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S248/00Supports
    • Y10S248/917Video display screen support
    • Y10S248/919Adjustably orientable video screen support
    • Y10S248/92Angular and linear video display screen support adjustment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S248/00Supports
    • Y10S248/917Video display screen support
    • Y10S248/919Adjustably orientable video screen support
    • Y10S248/922Angular
    • Y10S248/923Tilting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S345/00Computer graphics processing and selective visual display systems
    • Y10S345/905Display device with housing structure

Definitions

  • This invention relates to desktop or portable computers with flat panel displays.
  • personal computers that will lie on a desk or table, which a human operator will use to: (1) enter keyboard data, pen or voice data/information; (2) view displayed information and/or (3) hear audio/voice information.
  • the roughly vertical operating orientation is inconvenient and ergonomically incorrect when the user is handwriting or sketching. If the user tries to hold his/her arm up to write on a vertical screen, the users arm will tire. Over long periods of writing on a vertical screen, this awkward position will cause strain on one's wrist. Even if the user is willing to hold his/her hand up to write on the vertical screen, it may not be physically secure for the user's hand pressure.
  • the prior art clamshell design does not provide elevation adjustment or azimuth angle adjustment means. This restricts the ergonomic usability of the prior art computer and display units.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,859,092 of Makita discloses a portable typewriter and display unit.
  • a single pair of pivoting arms connect the display unit to the main body.
  • the distance from the user's eyes to the display screen is large. Therefore, middle aged users who are near sighted, will have difficulty in viewing the screen.
  • No pen/stylus input mean is disclosed, but even if one is added, the display unit would not provide a physically secure writing surface.
  • the Makita does not provide a means of placing equal and opposite restraining force onto the display unit.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,624,434 of Lake discloses a tiltable display terminal, but no display unit elevation adjustment is taught.
  • the invention disclosed herein solves the above problems by providing an ergonomic designed desktop system that is capable of several important computer and communications functions. It provides a display panel assembly, pen/stylus input unit, multiple support arms, and a main unit in a roughly wedge shape.
  • the display panel assembly can be adjusted in inclination angle, azimuth angle and elevation.
  • the display panel of the invention can be easily adjusted by hand in elevation to a height roughly of the user's eye level. The user does not have to look down to see the screen when in normal PC-keyboard operation.
  • the display panel can be folded by hand to a physically secure position, at an inclination angle that is ergonomically correct for handwriting and sketching.
  • the display screen can be physically adjusted in many orientation combinations, including azimuth angles, inclination angles and elevation translations.
  • the invention can be used in a wide range on office desktop positions and by a wide range of users and orientations.
  • the disclosed invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by providing display screen adjusting means for desktop computers and terminals, such that the entire apparatus is sufficiently small to be portable or transportable.
  • the invention disclosed herein provides an easy to use desktop workstation, to which the human user can adjust its screen for many screen positions.
  • the workstation can fold down for transport.
  • the workstation may also include external communication means such as voice/data modem and/or telephone means.
  • an object of the invention is to provide small compact workstation for the office, having an array of useful functions and capabilities at the finger tips of the human user sitting at his/her desk.
  • Functions may include pen/stylus input means, computer means, display device(s), mass memory devices, keyboard, mouse, speaker phone, network interface and modem.
  • Another object of the invention is to give the user a voice and data communications capability at the desktop, capable of standard text/graphics computing, as well as voice/video/pen communication to others individuals or computers, via modem or network (LAN/WAN) interfaces.
  • LAN/WAN local area network
  • Still another object of invention is to provide the user with an ergonomic workstation that can be adjusted to a wide range of positions and orientations, such that there will be a reduction or elimination of body stress and fatigue by the user, over long periods of use.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a modular desktop workstation such that the user can configure the workstation to how he/she works, or to their choice at a particular time. For example, the user will have the choice of using a detached keyboard, pen/stylus input, mouse, trackball, handset telephone, or speaker telephone, depending on his/her wishes for accomplishing a particular task.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a unit that is small and light enough for the user to easily transport it to other locations.
  • FIG. 1A is a side view of the desktop workstation with the display panel assembly oriented vertically and somewhat raised from its lowest position.
  • FIG. 1B is a side view of the desktop with the display panel assembly folded to its lowest inclined position, with a stylus/pen input means.
  • FIG. 2 is exploded perspective view of the desktop workstation with a telephone means placed on one side.
  • FIG. 3 is a general block diagram of the electrical elements of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a general flow diagram of the software that may execute on the workstation's digital computing means.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a display monitor associated apparatus.
  • FIGS. 6A & 6B are front views of display monitors with two different screen roll angles.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B shows a desktop workstation from the side in two different display screen orientations and modes of operation.
  • the term desktop workstation is defined to be an interactive man-machine or man-computer interface, in which a human being can enter and view data/information.
  • the workstation or interface may or may not include a digital computer.
  • a display panel assembly 2 is attached to a support structure 4 via a hinge pin 5 .
  • the support structure 4 is connected to a support arm 12 via a first hinge 14 .
  • the display panel assembly 2 includes a relatively thin display device further defining a viewing screen. Examples of the possible display technologies are Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD), electro-luminescent, plasma panel, and field emission displays. They may be monochrome or color, and they could be light modulator or light emitter types of displays. LCD's are most commercially available flat panel display devices, available in a wide variety of sizes, shapes, resolutions and other characteristics.
  • Typical of these LCD's is the Sharp Electronics Corporation's LM64P90 and LM64K90 monochrome LCD's. They have a 640 ⁇ 480 display pixel format, a viewing area of 196 ⁇ 148 mm, a dot pitch of 0.30 ⁇ 0.03 mm, and cold cathode fluorescent backlight.
  • the former has 150 ms rise plus fall response time, a transmissive viewing mode, 50 Nits brightness, and 13:1 contrast ratio.
  • the latter has a 250 ms rise plus fall response time, a transflective viewing mode, 35 Nits brightness, and 10:1 contrast ratio.
  • color LCD's are required.
  • Sharp Electronics Corp. makes several direct-view color Thin Film Transistor (TFT) LCD modules.
  • TFT Thin Film Transistor
  • Typical specifications for their LQ10DH11 product are a 640 ( ⁇ 3) ⁇ 480 display pixel format, 211 ⁇ 158 mm viewing area, a 0.33(0.11 ⁇ 3) ⁇ 0.33 mm dot pitch, a hot cathode fluorescent backlight.
  • the display panel assembly 2 is free to rotate through large inclination angles (at least 90 degrees), represented by rotation A, about the hinge axis of hinge 14 .
  • Support arms 12 and 8 in turn connect the display panel to the workstation a main unit 6 .
  • the main unit may include an enclosure or housing for control electronics including a digital computer, microprocessor or other control.
  • the display panel assembly 2 may be electrically connected to electronics located in the main unit 6 , via an electrical cable routed inside the support structure 4 and support arms 12 and 8 , or via a cable routed externally to the main unit.
  • the size of main unit 6 should be small, so as to not present a large “foot print” on the desk or table.
  • the unit should be easily carried by one person.
  • the invention may powered by light weight batteries or it may be an AC powered workstation.
  • the support arm 8 is attached to support arm 12 by a hinge 16 , such that the latter arm can be rotated though rotation C about the axis of the hinge 16 , as shown in FIG. 1A .
  • Support arm 8 is attached to the main unit 6 by hinge 20 , such that the arm can rotate though large angles as shown in rotation B about the axis of the hinge means.
  • the friction of each hinge is such that the user can adjust the orientation by hand, and its position is either self-locking or can adjusted to lock in position.
  • the lengths of the support arms 8 and 12 should be selected to provide the desired display screen elevation and forward viewing positions. Many different combinations of lengths may be embodied.
  • a computer keyboard unit 7 is shown connected to the main unit 6 via an electrical cable 9 .
  • the computer keyboard unit 7 may be attached or detached. If it is a detached keyboard, the electrical signals may be transmitted to the computer via wires or electromagnetic radiation means.
  • FIG. 1B shows the workstation of in FIG. 1A , except the display panel is folded down to its lowest inclined position and a stylus input 22 is included.
  • the stylus input is defined to be a stylus or pen position encoding device that encodes, in two or three dimensions, the position of a handheld stylus, as the user moves it over an active area corresponding to the display screen.
  • the screen of the display panel is facing upward and at a convenient inclined angle for user hand writing, drawing and sketching with the stylus or pen.
  • An electrical wire/cable 23 may be used to connect the pen/stylus to the control electronics in the main unit.
  • a natural inclined angle of the screen for stylus/pen data input is roughly 30 degrees from the horizontal. However, the display panel assembly may be locked into position at a multiplicity of orientations.
  • FIG. 2 presents a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention, where several elements are shown in exploded view, for clarity.
  • a display panel assembly 2 including its display screen 3 is rotationally connected to the support structure 4 via the cylindrical hinge pin 5 .
  • the display panel assembly is then free to rotate through wide azimuth angles D as shown.
  • the support structure 4 is connected to support arm pairs 12 A and 12 B via hinges 14 A and 14 B.
  • the cylindrical shafts of hinges 14 A and 14 B which may be threaded, fit in the round holes of the support arm pairs 12 A and 12 B.
  • Support arm pair 8 A and 8 B is attached to the previous arm pair at hinge elements 16 A, 16 B and 16 C, where element 16 B is a long shaft, the ends of which may be threaded.
  • support arm pair 8 A and 8 B are attached to the main unit 6 via hinges 20 A and 20 B.
  • the friction of each hinge means may be adjusted by a threaded shaft or screw 19 and a standard nut 17 or a finger tightened nut/knob 17 A. The friction should be sufficient to support the display panel assembly under the gravitational and normal hand writing/sketching forces.
  • a telephone unit may be added or integrated into the desktop workstation.
  • a telephone handset 26 and cord 32 may located either side of the workstation.
  • a telephone keypad 28 should be placed in a convenient location of the user.
  • a microphone 30 and speaker 36 may be included.
  • the telephone unit may be attached or detached from the main unit.
  • the telephone may function during workstation operation and/or independently of the workstation operation.
  • a computer keyboard, mouse or trackball devices may be included, in addition to the stylus/pen input means. All controls should be designed to be simple and easy to use.
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the basic electrical elements of the computer workstation.
  • the pen/stylus input electronics 22 can be interfaced directly to flat panel display device electronics 38 .
  • Examples of available products that have combined these functions are the Super-KTM display tablet from SuperScript Inc. Video Tablet from Kurta ⁇ Corporation, and the PL-100 Integrated Tablet for Wacom Technology Corp.
  • these products are connected to a controller card in the computer's I/O bus, via a cable.
  • Specifications for such display-tablet include: active area 7.56 by 5.67 inches, accuracy ⁇ 0.02 inch, resolution 1016 PPI, data transfer rate 270 coordinate pairs/sec., pen slew rate up to 135 IPS without significant distortion, and stylus/pen weight 15 grams.
  • the flat panel display is electrically connected to the workstation microcomputer/controller 44 .
  • the microcomputer may be any one of several commercially available products, such as the IntelTM 86286, 86386 or 86486 processors, Motorola Corporation's 68030 or 68040 processors, as well as several others. If the workstation is to be battery powered, then low voltage (3V) low-power microprocessors should be used.
  • the microcomputer/controller 44 may be embodied by several means.
  • the Moby Brick product manufactured by Ergo Computing of Peabody Mass.
  • the Moby Brick product consists of a 386/486 CPU, with 4 to 32 MB RAM, hard disk s from 170 MB to 1 GB, built in video controller, a 3.5 inch 1.44 MB floppy drive, two serial ports, one parallel port and one ISA 16 bit half length card slot. All the above is built into a 7.9 ⁇ 11.3 ⁇ 3.3 inch module that weighs 8.7 lbs.
  • the CPU required by the invention may be a 20 MHz 386SX, 33/40 MHz 386DX, or the 33 MHz 486DX. Either internal or external modems may be embodied in to the system.
  • An optional expansion chassis may be added to the system with four slots for ISA cards.
  • FIG. 4 shows a general flow diagram of typical stored program software that may execute in the microcomputer or processor 44 .
  • Many commercial available operating systems, window environment and application software are available to run in the microcomputer. Typical operating systems that could be used include Microsoft Corporation's MS-DOSTM, IBM's OS/2TM, Go Corporation's Pen Point or various companies' UNIX products. Possible windowing environments include Microsoft's WindowSTM 3.x and Windows for PenTM, Hewlett-Packard's New WaveTM, or X-Windows from various companies. Software may be pen centric like Pen PointTM software or it may be just pen/mouse aware. As shown in FIG. 4 , after a standard power up and the system diagnostics and checkout is completed the operating system is loaded. Depending on the desired configuration a number of device driver, TSR's, communication programs and pen/stylus control programs may be loaded. The workstation should be capable of either running windows or non-windows environments.
  • the microcomputer/controller 44 of FIG. 3 includes associated support electronics, I/O devices and power supply. All the above should be compact in size, so that the size of the overall desktop workstation is as small as practical. The advantage of small size is that it provides a smallest footprint of the desk. This is important in office environments, where desk space is at a premium.
  • the main unit's footprint dimensions, on the desktop, could be in the range of 15 by 13 inches, depending of the size of the screen and whether of telephone handset is included.
  • the keyboard function 42 may be electrically connected to the microcomputer/controller 44 .
  • a standard mouse/trackball unit 46 may be connected to the microcomputer via an I-O card or serial port in the standard manner. Both the pen and mouse/trackball interfaces may be desirable in certain applications.
  • An external communication means 47 is connected to the microprocessor.
  • the communications means could be embodied by a communications I-O card, internal/external modem or other communication means.
  • the workstation shall have the capability to communicate data (text, graphics, video, and voice) interactively on either Wide Area Networks (WAN) 50 or Local Area Networks (LAN) 52 .
  • WAN Wide Area Networks
  • LAN Local Area Networks
  • the WAN in its simplest form may consist for two workstations connected to each other via internal/external modems over standard or hi-speed telephone lines.
  • Either an external or internal (built-in) telephone/speaker phone 48 may be connected to the microprocessor/controller. It may integrated into the workstation or embodied as a stand alone device, depending on the user's requirements.
  • the telephone/speaker phone may also be connected to ordinary telephones lines 54 or wireless/cellular networks 56 .
  • the primary purpose of the external communication means of the workstation is to provide two way interactive text, graphics (including pen/stylus), video and voice/audio communication to: (1) other users operating similar workstations (at the same time or unattended), and/or (2) one or more computers on a network of computers or terminals.
  • Other standard computing and communication components may be added to the invention that are obvious to those skilled in the art.
  • the microprocessor and support electronics 44 can be located at the display panel assembly 2 , instead of the main unit 6 .
  • they may be located on one or more printed circuit boards surrounding and behind the display screen.
  • Such an implementation with battery power is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Prior art flat display devices have been combined with a microcomputer, battery pack, and associated electronics and placed inside the relatively thin display panel enclosures. This has been accomplished in several pocket computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), and hand held tablet computers.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistants
  • battery embodiments have been placed inside the IBM ThinkPadTM 710T, Apple Computer Corporation's NewtonTM, Grid System's ConvertibleTM 2260, and Dauphin Technology's DTR-1 computers, to name a few.
  • LSI semi-conductor large scale integration
  • a rechargeable battery pack and power management circuitry should be included in the assembly.
  • the battery pack may be removable via a slot on the side of the display panel assembly 2 .
  • the main battery pack typically consists of NiCd or newer Nickel Hydride type batteries.
  • a backup battery may also be embodied.
  • the mass memory components, of these hand held display panel assemblies may consist of a small magnetic 2.5 or 3.5 inch disk hard drives or semiconductor Flash Memory modules. Mass memory of at least 80 MBytes are typically required. If removable, the battery pack and flash memory modules should conform to the PCMCIA Standards. These standards are important for interchangability among different manufactures.
  • display panel assemblies can be realized containing a flat panel display, drive circuitry, microcomputer card, support circuitry and battery pack, within a light weight enclosure.
  • the display panel and computer assembly can then be removed from the support structure 4 and hinge pin 5 , as shown in FIG. 1A by a typical removal direction E. This can be accomplished by a simple plug and socket arrangement at the bottom of the display panel assembly.
  • An advantage of this implementation is that two modes of user operation are then possible. One is the desktop operation as described above. The other is a portable mobile display-tablet operation. The user has the option to remove the display-computer unit from the socket, and use it as notebook computer or display-tablet.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternate embodiment of the desktop workstation system consisting primarily of a base unit 6 A, display panel assembly 2 , pen/stylus input means 22 , keyboard unit 7 , a telephone base unit 6 B and a telephone handset 26 .
  • the computer or workstation is designed for desktop computing and data communications for typical office, home or factory use. All the major functions for computing, communications, and conferencing are made available to user in this desktop arrangement.
  • the base unit 6 A which is similar to the main unit of FIGS. 1 and 2 , is embodied as a somewhat smaller wedge shape enclosure, which does not take up much desk space and provides an inclined position for pen input.
  • the telephone base unit 6 B and keyboard unit 7 are shown here as separate units, so that they can be pushed aside to make room on the desktop. Electrical cables 58 and 9 connect the handset and keyboard to the base unit 6 A where most of the computer and electronic components are located.
  • the stylus/pen 22 is connected to the computer in the base unit via an electrical cable 23 .
  • the display panel assembly 2 is physically connected to the base unit 6 A via a pivot support structure 4 and an actuator assist means 60 .
  • This connection is shown in an exploded view in the figure.
  • the pivot support structure 4 may be embodied in many ways, such as a ball and socket joint arrangement.
  • the display panel assembly 2 with its display screen 3 is position adjustable in a multiplicity of orientations.
  • a Cartesian coordinate system diagram, defining the axes for translations and rotations, is shown in the figure.
  • the panel can be rotated in Inclination angle I, Azimuth angle D, and Roll angle R. Further position adjustment means are added, to provide elevation adjustment along axis y, as shown in double arrow B.
  • the display panel assembly 2 may be electrically connected to the electronics in the base unit by running a cable through the hinge pin 5 and through the actuator assist means 60 attached to the hinge pin. Sufficient slack in the cable must be provided for the full height of the adjustment range. A slack take-up means should be provided, so that when the panel is in its lower elevation positions, the cable does not bind. The vertical force of actuator assist means should be roughly equal to the weight of the display panel assembly 2 .
  • the actuator assist means 60 could be embodied by several alternative devices, including an air spring, a mechanical spring, pneumatic, hydraulic, or electromechanical actuator means. One or more actuators could be included. A means for locking and unlocking the actuator position should be provided within the assist means 60 . Such actuators and locking mechanisms are well known to those in the art.
  • an actuator assist means may be desirable. If an actuator is not implemented, and the user desires to raise the panel vertically by hand, the user would have to grab one edge of the panel and pull up. If the base unit is not secured to the table or it is not sufficiently heavy, the entire unit may lift off the table. The user would have to place one hand on the base unit and the other on the display panel and pull. Both of the above user actions are undesirable. Using two hands for a simple position adjustment, takes more time to accomplish, and the user may lose his/her's concentration during a computing task. Making the base unit heavy enough so that its weight is larger than the force applied by one's hand is also undesirable.
  • a telescoping actuator means 60 should be embodied with a force roughly equivalent to the weight of the display assembly 2 , so that the user can easily adjust the position of the display panel by hand.
  • the actuator means may include a locking and unlocking means for temporarily holding the display assembly in the desired position.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B An alternate embodiment is shown is FIGS. 6A and 6B , showing front views of a desktop unit with a pivot support structure 4 attached to the display panel assembly 2 , as well as other components.
  • the pivot support structure 4 may comprise an L-shaped support member 4 C, such that the display panel, when supported near the front of the base unit 6 A, can be rotated about the z-axis (shown in FIG. 5 ) and miss the front edge of the base.
  • the L-shaped member 4 C as shown is FIGS. 6A and 6B , is foreshortened (i.e., one side of the L is pointing out of the paper).
  • FIG. 6B shows a front view of the display panel, where the panel is rotated 90 degrees to the typical portrait display orientation.
  • a locking and unlocking part 4 A can be a hand knob for applying a force to a hinge means.
  • the locking knob is facing forward, toward the front of the desktop unit.
  • Other locking/unlocking knob positions are possible.
  • a support post 5 A is fixed to the actuator assist means 60 at one end and is attached to the pivot support structure 4 at the other.
  • the assist actuator means 60 may consist of several telescoping arm and post members, in order to provide for greater elevation travel.
  • the actuator means should be capable of collapsing into a unit with relatively small height dimension. This later feature is important because the height dimension of front portion base unit is relatively small.
  • the support post 5 A can be hollow to allow the electrical cable to be routed through it.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 results in a relatively integrated desktop computer and telecommunication system, designed to used by a person at his/her desk.
  • the system is designed to replace the user's existing telephone and desktop computer, with a general purpose integrated telephony and computing system.
  • An unique aspect of this invention is that the wedge shaped base unit 6 A, telephone handset enclosure 6 B and the keyboard unit 7 are made to be small separate units, but the display panel assembly 2 can be quite large.
  • the telephone handset and enclosure combination can slide under the display panel assembly, to save desktop space. This embodiment allows the user to move these separate units out of the way when not in use, and pulled into position, when required.

Abstract

A relatively small transportable desktop computer/workstation with a display panel assembly (2) in combination with a microprocessor or controller (44) is made display screen position adjustable, in inclination angle, azimuth angle and elevation translation movements. The workstation can have a pen or stylus touch screen input function (36) added, so that a user or operator can write, draw and sketch directly onto the screen in a natural manner. The workstation can be placed on top of a desk or table providing an ergonomic man-machine interface for information communications between individual users via a communications network. A keyboard (7, 42), voice/speaker telephone (48), mouse or trackball input unit (46), and communications modem (42) may be added to the workstation. The flat panel display, pen input device and microprocessor can be combined into an assembly, which can be removed from the main body for portable mobile computing operation.

Description

The present application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/510,955, filed 22 Feb. 2000 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,326,955, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/937,258 filed Sep. 13, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,064,373, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/288,882 filed Aug. 10, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,570, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/084, 811, filed 29 Jun. 1993, now abandoned. Each of the related applications is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to desktop or portable computers with flat panel displays. In particular it relates to personal computers that will lie on a desk or table, which a human operator will use to: (1) enter keyboard data, pen or voice data/information; (2) view displayed information and/or (3) hear audio/voice information.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Heretofore, portable computers with flat panel displays were embodied in a “clamshell” type design. When these prior art computers are ready for use, the display panel is unfolded to a roughly vertical orientation. The attached keyboard and computer enclosure form the bottom half of the clamshell. For portable transport, the flat panel display is folded down over the keyboard and computer enclosure. This prior art configuration has several shortcomings. First, since the unit sits on a desk or table, the screen is always at a lower elevation than the eye level of the person sitting and operating the computer. Thus the person must continually look down to the display. Over long periods of time, this will cause neck and back strain on the user. Secondly, if a pen/stylus input means is added to the display screen, the roughly vertical operating orientation is inconvenient and ergonomically incorrect when the user is handwriting or sketching. If the user tries to hold his/her arm up to write on a vertical screen, the users arm will tire. Over long periods of writing on a vertical screen, this awkward position will cause strain on one's wrist. Even if the user is willing to hold his/her hand up to write on the vertical screen, it may not be physically secure for the user's hand pressure. Thirdly, the prior art clamshell design does not provide elevation adjustment or azimuth angle adjustment means. This restricts the ergonomic usability of the prior art computer and display units.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,859,092 of Makita discloses a portable typewriter and display unit. However, a single pair of pivoting arms connect the display unit to the main body. When its display unit is raised to its highest elevation, the distance from the user's eyes to the display screen is large. Therefore, middle aged users who are near sighted, will have difficulty in viewing the screen. No pen/stylus input mean is disclosed, but even if one is added, the display unit would not provide a physically secure writing surface. The Makita does not provide a means of placing equal and opposite restraining force onto the display unit. U.S. Pat. No. 4,624,434 of Lake discloses a tiltable display terminal, but no display unit elevation adjustment is taught. Again no pen input means is disclosed, and if one is added, the unit would not be physically stable for normal hand/arm forces applied by the user. U.S. Pat. No. 5,115,374 of Hongoh teaches a laptop portable computer with a facsimile function. Hongoh discloses a touch panel screen, but no pen input means, and no vertical elevation adjustment of its display unit is taught. In order to provide a horizontal display orientation, the display unit must be detached from the main body and set back, in reverse orientation, to the connector sockets on the main body, which is a severe disadvantage.
Several prior art pen computer units exit. However, their display screens are fixed to their enclosure to form a flat tablet. They are designed for the mobile user market. This limits their use for desktop pen/stylus computing environments. No prior art has solved the problem of a personal computer for the office environment, capable of standard computing, pen computing, and voice telephone communications.
The invention disclosed herein solves the above problems by providing an ergonomic designed desktop system that is capable of several important computer and communications functions. It provides a display panel assembly, pen/stylus input unit, multiple support arms, and a main unit in a roughly wedge shape. The display panel assembly can be adjusted in inclination angle, azimuth angle and elevation. Thus invention overcomes the problems of the prior art. For example, the display panel of the invention can be easily adjusted by hand in elevation to a height roughly of the user's eye level. The user does not have to look down to see the screen when in normal PC-keyboard operation. If the unit is used as a pen/stylus computer, the display panel can be folded by hand to a physically secure position, at an inclination angle that is ergonomically correct for handwriting and sketching. Finally, the display screen can be physically adjusted in many orientation combinations, including azimuth angles, inclination angles and elevation translations. Thus the invention can be used in a wide range on office desktop positions and by a wide range of users and orientations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The disclosed invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by providing display screen adjusting means for desktop computers and terminals, such that the entire apparatus is sufficiently small to be portable or transportable. The invention disclosed herein provides an easy to use desktop workstation, to which the human user can adjust its screen for many screen positions. In addition, the workstation can fold down for transport. The workstation may also include external communication means such as voice/data modem and/or telephone means.
Accordingly an object of the invention is to provide small compact workstation for the office, having an array of useful functions and capabilities at the finger tips of the human user sitting at his/her desk. Functions may include pen/stylus input means, computer means, display device(s), mass memory devices, keyboard, mouse, speaker phone, network interface and modem.
Another object of the invention is to give the user a voice and data communications capability at the desktop, capable of standard text/graphics computing, as well as voice/video/pen communication to others individuals or computers, via modem or network (LAN/WAN) interfaces.
Still another object of invention is to provide the user with an ergonomic workstation that can be adjusted to a wide range of positions and orientations, such that there will be a reduction or elimination of body stress and fatigue by the user, over long periods of use.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a modular desktop workstation such that the user can configure the workstation to how he/she works, or to their choice at a particular time. For example, the user will have the choice of using a detached keyboard, pen/stylus input, mouse, trackball, handset telephone, or speaker telephone, depending on his/her wishes for accomplishing a particular task.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a unit that is small and light enough for the user to easily transport it to other locations. Other objects of the invention will become evident by reading the following invention descriptions and inspection of the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1A is a side view of the desktop workstation with the display panel assembly oriented vertically and somewhat raised from its lowest position.
FIG. 1B is a side view of the desktop with the display panel assembly folded to its lowest inclined position, with a stylus/pen input means.
FIG. 2 is exploded perspective view of the desktop workstation with a telephone means placed on one side.
FIG. 3 is a general block diagram of the electrical elements of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a general flow diagram of the software that may execute on the workstation's digital computing means.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a display monitor associated apparatus.
FIGS. 6A & 6B are front views of display monitors with two different screen roll angles.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The invention can be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B shows a desktop workstation from the side in two different display screen orientations and modes of operation. The term desktop workstation is defined to be an interactive man-machine or man-computer interface, in which a human being can enter and view data/information. The workstation or interface may or may not include a digital computer. A display panel assembly 2 is attached to a support structure 4 via a hinge pin 5. The support structure 4 is connected to a support arm 12 via a first hinge 14. The display panel assembly 2 includes a relatively thin display device further defining a viewing screen. Examples of the possible display technologies are Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD), electro-luminescent, plasma panel, and field emission displays. They may be monochrome or color, and they could be light modulator or light emitter types of displays. LCD's are most commercially available flat panel display devices, available in a wide variety of sizes, shapes, resolutions and other characteristics.
Typical of these LCD's is the Sharp Electronics Corporation's LM64P90 and LM64K90 monochrome LCD's. They have a 640×480 display pixel format, a viewing area of 196×148 mm, a dot pitch of 0.30×0.03 mm, and cold cathode fluorescent backlight. The former has 150 ms rise plus fall response time, a transmissive viewing mode, 50 Nits brightness, and 13:1 contrast ratio. The latter has a 250 ms rise plus fall response time, a transflective viewing mode, 35 Nits brightness, and 10:1 contrast ratio. For many applications, color LCD's are required. Sharp Electronics Corp. makes several direct-view color Thin Film Transistor (TFT) LCD modules. Typical specifications for their LQ10DH11 product are a 640 (×3)×480 display pixel format, 211×158 mm viewing area, a 0.33(0.11×3)×0.33 mm dot pitch, a hot cathode fluorescent backlight.
The display panel assembly 2 is free to rotate through large inclination angles (at least 90 degrees), represented by rotation A, about the hinge axis of hinge 14. Support arms 12 and 8 in turn connect the display panel to the workstation a main unit 6. The main unit may include an enclosure or housing for control electronics including a digital computer, microprocessor or other control. The display panel assembly 2 may be electrically connected to electronics located in the main unit 6, via an electrical cable routed inside the support structure 4 and support arms 12 and 8, or via a cable routed externally to the main unit. The size of main unit 6 should be small, so as to not present a large “foot print” on the desk or table. The unit should be easily carried by one person. The invention may powered by light weight batteries or it may be an AC powered workstation.
The support arm 8 is attached to support arm 12 by a hinge 16, such that the latter arm can be rotated though rotation C about the axis of the hinge 16, as shown in FIG. 1A. Support arm 8 is attached to the main unit 6 by hinge 20, such that the arm can rotate though large angles as shown in rotation B about the axis of the hinge means. Thus the above mechanical elements can work in combination, and the user can adjust the orientation of the display panel assembly 2 in both inclination angle and elevation. The friction of each hinge is such that the user can adjust the orientation by hand, and its position is either self-locking or can adjusted to lock in position. The lengths of the support arms 8 and 12 should be selected to provide the desired display screen elevation and forward viewing positions. Many different combinations of lengths may be embodied.
Several methods can be implemented to give the user to capability to adjust the screen in azimuth angle. One technique is to rotationally attach the display panel assembly 2 to a support structure 4 via a cylindrical hinge pin 5, so that the display can rotate through azimuth angles. The hinge pin 5 can be made hollow so that electrical conductors can be routed through it to the support structure 4. Another method would be to place the main unit on stationary base structure via a lazy-susan structure. Rubber feet may be placed under the main unit, as shown in the figure. The weight of the display panel assembly 2 should be as low as possible, and the mass of the main unit and its electronics should be large enough so that if the display assembly is adjusted in the extreme forward position, the unit will remain physically and gravitationally stable. A computer keyboard unit 7 is shown connected to the main unit 6 via an electrical cable 9. The computer keyboard unit 7 may be attached or detached. If it is a detached keyboard, the electrical signals may be transmitted to the computer via wires or electromagnetic radiation means.
FIG. 1B shows the workstation of in FIG. 1A, except the display panel is folded down to its lowest inclined position and a stylus input 22 is included. The stylus input is defined to be a stylus or pen position encoding device that encodes, in two or three dimensions, the position of a handheld stylus, as the user moves it over an active area corresponding to the display screen. The screen of the display panel is facing upward and at a convenient inclined angle for user hand writing, drawing and sketching with the stylus or pen. An electrical wire/cable 23 may be used to connect the pen/stylus to the control electronics in the main unit. A natural inclined angle of the screen for stylus/pen data input is roughly 30 degrees from the horizontal. However, the display panel assembly may be locked into position at a multiplicity of orientations.
Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 2, which presents a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention, where several elements are shown in exploded view, for clarity. A display panel assembly 2 including its display screen 3 is rotationally connected to the support structure 4 via the cylindrical hinge pin 5. The display panel assembly is then free to rotate through wide azimuth angles D as shown. The support structure 4 is connected to support arm pairs 12A and 12B via hinges 14A and 14B. The cylindrical shafts of hinges 14A and 14B, which may be threaded, fit in the round holes of the support arm pairs 12A and 12B. Support arm pair 8A and 8B is attached to the previous arm pair at hinge elements 16A, 16B and 16C, where element 16B is a long shaft, the ends of which may be threaded. The other ends of support arm pair 8A and 8B are attached to the main unit 6 via hinges 20A and 20B. The friction of each hinge means may be adjusted by a threaded shaft or screw 19 and a standard nut 17 or a finger tightened nut/knob 17A. The friction should be sufficient to support the display panel assembly under the gravitational and normal hand writing/sketching forces.
As shown in FIG. 2, a telephone unit may be added or integrated into the desktop workstation. A telephone handset 26 and cord 32 may located either side of the workstation. A telephone keypad 28 should be placed in a convenient location of the user. For a hands-free telephone operation, a microphone 30 and speaker 36 may be included. The telephone unit may be attached or detached from the main unit. The telephone may function during workstation operation and/or independently of the workstation operation. A computer keyboard, mouse or trackball devices may be included, in addition to the stylus/pen input means. All controls should be designed to be simple and easy to use.
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the basic electrical elements of the computer workstation. The pen/stylus input electronics 22 can be interfaced directly to flat panel display device electronics 38. Examples of available products that have combined these functions are the Super-K™ display tablet from SuperScript Inc. Video Tablet from Kurta© Corporation, and the PL-100 Integrated Tablet for Wacom Technology Corp. Typically, these products are connected to a controller card in the computer's I/O bus, via a cable. Specifications for such display-tablet include: active area 7.56 by 5.67 inches, accuracy ±0.02 inch, resolution 1016 PPI, data transfer rate 270 coordinate pairs/sec., pen slew rate up to 135 IPS without significant distortion, and stylus/pen weight 15 grams.
As shown in the figure the flat panel display is electrically connected to the workstation microcomputer/controller 44. The microcomputer may be any one of several commercially available products, such as the Intel™ 86286, 86386 or 86486 processors, Motorola Corporation's 68030 or 68040 processors, as well as several others. If the workstation is to be battery powered, then low voltage (3V) low-power microprocessors should be used. The microcomputer/controller 44 may be embodied by several means.
One available microcomputer system that may be used, is the Moby Brick product manufactured by Ergo Computing of Peabody Mass. The Moby Brick product consists of a 386/486 CPU, with 4 to 32 MB RAM, hard disk s from 170 MB to 1 GB, built in video controller, a 3.5 inch 1.44 MB floppy drive, two serial ports, one parallel port and one ISA 16 bit half length card slot. All the above is built into a 7.9×11.3×3.3 inch module that weighs 8.7 lbs. The CPU required by the invention may be a 20 MHz 386SX, 33/40 MHz 386DX, or the 33 MHz 486DX. Either internal or external modems may be embodied in to the system. An optional expansion chassis may be added to the system with four slots for ISA cards.
FIG. 4 shows a general flow diagram of typical stored program software that may execute in the microcomputer or processor 44. Many commercial available operating systems, window environment and application software are available to run in the microcomputer. Typical operating systems that could be used include Microsoft Corporation's MS-DOS™, IBM's OS/2™, Go Corporation's Pen Point or various companies' UNIX products. Possible windowing environments include Microsoft's WindowS™ 3.x and Windows for Pen™, Hewlett-Packard's New Wave™, or X-Windows from various companies. Software may be pen centric like Pen Point™ software or it may be just pen/mouse aware. As shown in FIG. 4, after a standard power up and the system diagnostics and checkout is completed the operating system is loaded. Depending on the desired configuration a number of device driver, TSR's, communication programs and pen/stylus control programs may be loaded. The workstation should be capable of either running windows or non-windows environments.
The microcomputer/controller 44 of FIG. 3 includes associated support electronics, I/O devices and power supply. All the above should be compact in size, so that the size of the overall desktop workstation is as small as practical. The advantage of small size is that it provides a smallest footprint of the desk. This is important in office environments, where desk space is at a premium. The main unit's footprint dimensions, on the desktop, could be in the range of 15 by 13 inches, depending of the size of the screen and whether of telephone handset is included.
The keyboard function 42 may be electrically connected to the microcomputer/controller 44. A standard mouse/trackball unit 46 may be connected to the microcomputer via an I-O card or serial port in the standard manner. Both the pen and mouse/trackball interfaces may be desirable in certain applications. An external communication means 47 is connected to the microprocessor. The communications means could be embodied by a communications I-O card, internal/external modem or other communication means. However embodied, the workstation shall have the capability to communicate data (text, graphics, video, and voice) interactively on either Wide Area Networks (WAN) 50 or Local Area Networks (LAN) 52. The WAN in its simplest form may consist for two workstations connected to each other via internal/external modems over standard or hi-speed telephone lines.
Either an external or internal (built-in) telephone/speaker phone 48 may be connected to the microprocessor/controller. It may integrated into the workstation or embodied as a stand alone device, depending on the user's requirements. The telephone/speaker phone may also be connected to ordinary telephones lines 54 or wireless/cellular networks 56. The primary purpose of the external communication means of the workstation is to provide two way interactive text, graphics (including pen/stylus), video and voice/audio communication to: (1) other users operating similar workstations (at the same time or unattended), and/or (2) one or more computers on a network of computers or terminals. Other standard computing and communication components may be added to the invention that are obvious to those skilled in the art.
In another embodiment, the microprocessor and support electronics 44 can be located at the display panel assembly 2, instead of the main unit 6. For example, they may be located on one or more printed circuit boards surrounding and behind the display screen. Such an implementation with battery power is well known to those skilled in the art. Prior art flat display devices have been combined with a microcomputer, battery pack, and associated electronics and placed inside the relatively thin display panel enclosures. This has been accomplished in several pocket computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), and hand held tablet computers. For example, battery embodiments have been placed inside the IBM ThinkPad™ 710T, Apple Computer Corporation's Newton™, Grid System's Convertible™ 2260, and Dauphin Technology's DTR-1 computers, to name a few. In order to accomplished the above, developers typically implement the required electrical circuits via semi-conductor large scale integration (LSI) techniques. This usually results in a microcomputer, main memory, I/O, display drive and other support circuitry integrated into the circuit boards. The microprocessors that could be embodied must be low-voltage and low-current draw versions, such as Intel™ 386/486SL models.
A rechargeable battery pack and power management circuitry should be included in the assembly. The battery pack may be removable via a slot on the side of the display panel assembly 2. The main battery pack typically consists of NiCd or newer Nickel Hydride type batteries. A backup battery may also be embodied. The mass memory components, of these hand held display panel assemblies, may consist of a small magnetic 2.5 or 3.5 inch disk hard drives or semiconductor Flash Memory modules. Mass memory of at least 80 MBytes are typically required. If removable, the battery pack and flash memory modules should conform to the PCMCIA Standards. These standards are important for interchangability among different manufactures. Because of the high level of LSI accomplished today, relatively thin, 1–2 inch thick, display panel assemblies can be realized containing a flat panel display, drive circuitry, microcomputer card, support circuitry and battery pack, within a light weight enclosure. The display panel and computer assembly can then be removed from the support structure 4 and hinge pin 5, as shown in FIG. 1A by a typical removal direction E. This can be accomplished by a simple plug and socket arrangement at the bottom of the display panel assembly. An advantage of this implementation is that two modes of user operation are then possible. One is the desktop operation as described above. The other is a portable mobile display-tablet operation. The user has the option to remove the display-computer unit from the socket, and use it as notebook computer or display-tablet.
FIG. 5 shows an alternate embodiment of the desktop workstation system consisting primarily of a base unit 6A, display panel assembly 2, pen/stylus input means 22, keyboard unit 7, a telephone base unit 6B and a telephone handset 26. The computer or workstation is designed for desktop computing and data communications for typical office, home or factory use. All the major functions for computing, communications, and conferencing are made available to user in this desktop arrangement. The base unit 6A, which is similar to the main unit of FIGS. 1 and 2, is embodied as a somewhat smaller wedge shape enclosure, which does not take up much desk space and provides an inclined position for pen input. The telephone base unit 6B and keyboard unit 7 are shown here as separate units, so that they can be pushed aside to make room on the desktop. Electrical cables 58 and 9 connect the handset and keyboard to the base unit 6A where most of the computer and electronic components are located. The stylus/pen 22 is connected to the computer in the base unit via an electrical cable 23.
The display panel assembly 2 is physically connected to the base unit 6A via a pivot support structure 4 and an actuator assist means 60. This connection is shown in an exploded view in the figure. The pivot support structure 4 may be embodied in many ways, such as a ball and socket joint arrangement. Thus, the display panel assembly 2 with its display screen 3, is position adjustable in a multiplicity of orientations. A Cartesian coordinate system diagram, defining the axes for translations and rotations, is shown in the figure. The panel can be rotated in Inclination angle I, Azimuth angle D, and Roll angle R. Further position adjustment means are added, to provide elevation adjustment along axis y, as shown in double arrow B.
The display panel assembly 2 may be electrically connected to the electronics in the base unit by running a cable through the hinge pin 5 and through the actuator assist means 60 attached to the hinge pin. Sufficient slack in the cable must be provided for the full height of the adjustment range. A slack take-up means should be provided, so that when the panel is in its lower elevation positions, the cable does not bind. The vertical force of actuator assist means should be roughly equal to the weight of the display panel assembly 2. The actuator assist means 60 could be embodied by several alternative devices, including an air spring, a mechanical spring, pneumatic, hydraulic, or electromechanical actuator means. One or more actuators could be included. A means for locking and unlocking the actuator position should be provided within the assist means 60. Such actuators and locking mechanisms are well known to those in the art.
Even though flat panel display assemblies typically weigh only a few ounces, there are several reasons why an actuator assist means may be desirable. If an actuator is not implemented, and the user desires to raise the panel vertically by hand, the user would have to grab one edge of the panel and pull up. If the base unit is not secured to the table or it is not sufficiently heavy, the entire unit may lift off the table. The user would have to place one hand on the base unit and the other on the display panel and pull. Both of the above user actions are undesirable. Using two hands for a simple position adjustment, takes more time to accomplish, and the user may lose his/her's concentration during a computing task. Making the base unit heavy enough so that its weight is larger than the force applied by one's hand is also undesirable. Therefore, a telescoping actuator means 60 should be embodied with a force roughly equivalent to the weight of the display assembly 2, so that the user can easily adjust the position of the display panel by hand. The actuator means may include a locking and unlocking means for temporarily holding the display assembly in the desired position.
An alternate embodiment is shown is FIGS. 6A and 6B, showing front views of a desktop unit with a pivot support structure 4 attached to the display panel assembly 2, as well as other components. The pivot support structure 4 may comprise an L-shaped support member 4C, such that the display panel, when supported near the front of the base unit 6A, can be rotated about the z-axis (shown in FIG. 5) and miss the front edge of the base. The L-shaped member 4C, as shown is FIGS. 6A and 6B, is foreshortened (i.e., one side of the L is pointing out of the paper). FIG. 6B shows a front view of the display panel, where the panel is rotated 90 degrees to the typical portrait display orientation. A locking and unlocking part 4A can be a hand knob for applying a force to a hinge means. In this embodiment, the locking knob is facing forward, toward the front of the desktop unit. Other locking/unlocking knob positions are possible. A support post 5A is fixed to the actuator assist means 60 at one end and is attached to the pivot support structure 4 at the other. The assist actuator means 60 may consist of several telescoping arm and post members, in order to provide for greater elevation travel. The actuator means should be capable of collapsing into a unit with relatively small height dimension. This later feature is important because the height dimension of front portion base unit is relatively small. As above, the support post 5A can be hollow to allow the electrical cable to be routed through it. An advantage of the FIGS. 6A and 6B embodiment is that it provides for both landscape and portrait screen orientations in the same desktop unit, which the user can easily change by hand.
The embodiments of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 results in a relatively integrated desktop computer and telecommunication system, designed to used by a person at his/her desk. The system is designed to replace the user's existing telephone and desktop computer, with a general purpose integrated telephony and computing system. An unique aspect of this invention is that the wedge shaped base unit 6A, telephone handset enclosure 6B and the keyboard unit 7 are made to be small separate units, but the display panel assembly 2 can be quite large. The telephone handset and enclosure combination can slide under the display panel assembly, to save desktop space. This embodiment allows the user to move these separate units out of the way when not in use, and pulled into position, when required.
The scope of the invention disclosed here should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the examples given above.

Claims (2)

1. A flat panel computer monitor, comprising:
a flat panel display assembly comprising an LCD display screen, and associated microprocessor and support electronics for the LCD display screen;
a base that does not house the associated microprocessor and support electronics for the LCD screen;
a support arm connected to the flat panel display by a first hinge, the flat panel display being attached to a top end of the support arm to pivot about a first horizontal axis and being held in place by a frictional force in the first hinge, the flat panel display being rotatable about a roll angle “R”, the flat panel display is rotated between a portrait orientation and a landscape orientation, the support arm being attached to the base on a bottom end of the support arm by a second hinge to pivot about a second horizontal axis and being held in place by a frictional force in the second hinge, the support arm being selectively positioned in a fixed angular orientation relative to the second horizontal axis and the LCD screen being selectively positioned at a fixed angular orientation relative to the first horizontal axis to adjust the orientation of the LCD screen in both inclination angle “I” and elevation “B” relative to the base.
2. The support stand of claim 1, wherein the hinge has a pivot pin without a spring.
US09/850,505 1993-06-29 2001-05-07 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display Expired - Fee Related US7091961B2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/850,505 US7091961B2 (en) 1993-06-29 2001-05-07 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display
US10/308,640 US20030080949A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2002-12-03 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display
US11/373,075 US20060187626A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2006-03-10 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8401193A 1993-06-29 1993-06-29
US08/288,882 US5668570A (en) 1993-06-29 1994-08-10 Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen
US08/937,258 US6064373A (en) 1993-06-29 1997-09-13 Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen
US09/510,955 US6326955B1 (en) 1993-06-29 2000-02-22 Information device with adjustable flat panel screen
US09/850,505 US7091961B2 (en) 1993-06-29 2001-05-07 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/510,955 Continuation US6326955B1 (en) 1993-06-29 2000-02-22 Information device with adjustable flat panel screen

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/308,640 Continuation US20030080949A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2002-12-03 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display
US11/373,075 Continuation US20060187626A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2006-03-10 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20010017761A1 US20010017761A1 (en) 2001-08-30
US7091961B2 true US7091961B2 (en) 2006-08-15

Family

ID=26771455

Family Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/288,882 Expired - Lifetime US5668570A (en) 1993-06-29 1994-08-10 Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen
US08/937,258 Expired - Lifetime US6064373A (en) 1993-06-29 1997-09-13 Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen
US09/510,955 Expired - Lifetime US6326955B1 (en) 1993-06-29 2000-02-22 Information device with adjustable flat panel screen
US09/850,505 Expired - Fee Related US7091961B2 (en) 1993-06-29 2001-05-07 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display
US10/308,640 Abandoned US20030080949A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2002-12-03 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display
US11/373,075 Abandoned US20060187626A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2006-03-10 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display

Family Applications Before (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/288,882 Expired - Lifetime US5668570A (en) 1993-06-29 1994-08-10 Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen
US08/937,258 Expired - Lifetime US6064373A (en) 1993-06-29 1997-09-13 Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen
US09/510,955 Expired - Lifetime US6326955B1 (en) 1993-06-29 2000-02-22 Information device with adjustable flat panel screen

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/308,640 Abandoned US20030080949A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2002-12-03 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display
US11/373,075 Abandoned US20060187626A1 (en) 1993-06-29 2006-03-10 Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (6) US5668570A (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070066107A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Asustek Computer Inc. Notebook computer having adjustable screen with telescopic element
US20070217131A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Garry Kehr Systems and methods for providing a movable computer display
US20070217135A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 High Tech Computer, Corp. Portable electronic device
US20080094792A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2008-04-24 Shaofen Chen Multi-sectioned arms for portable electronic devices
US20080105807A1 (en) * 2004-01-02 2008-05-08 Oh Sung I Viewing Angle Adjustment Method For A Monitor
US20080266486A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 David Quijano Display support system and method
US20080273012A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2008-11-06 Edward Bullister Multifunctional portable computing device with special housing
US20090101047A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Azanaw Mulaw Multimedia Table with Rotatable Tray
US8289685B2 (en) * 2010-04-23 2012-10-16 Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Portable electronic device
US8462103B1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2013-06-11 Jerry Moscovitch Computer display screen system and adjustable screen mount, and swinging screens therefor
US20140355186A1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-04 Sony Corporation Electronic device
US9255661B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2016-02-09 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Adjusters to control lower joints and upper joints
US20200097050A1 (en) * 2018-09-24 2020-03-26 Apple Inc. Accessory devices for portable electronic devices
US20220397941A1 (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-15 Mobile Pixels Inc. Auxiliary monitors with articulated hinge
US11622626B2 (en) 2019-05-31 2023-04-11 Touchstone Home Products, Inc. Lift for television or other visual display screen
US11849552B2 (en) 2021-05-06 2023-12-19 Manufacturing Design Solutions Adjustable free-standing support for a data display monitor

Families Citing this family (194)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5668570A (en) * 1993-06-29 1997-09-16 Ditzik; Richard J. Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen
DE19525880C1 (en) * 1995-07-15 1996-07-25 Loh Kg Rittal Werk Control device operating field securing device
US5860015A (en) * 1995-12-14 1999-01-12 Gateway 2000, Inc. Detachable palm rest with backup battery
GB2308486A (en) * 1995-12-21 1997-06-25 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Display apparatus for hand held equipment
US6106181A (en) * 1996-01-29 2000-08-22 Rittal-Werk Rudolf Loh Gmbh & Co. Kg Control apparatus with control panel
US5851471A (en) * 1996-05-16 1998-12-22 The Coca-Cola Company Method for injection molding a multi-layer preform for use in blow molding a plastic bottle
KR19980025494A (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-07-15 김광호 LCD Display Monitor Stand
JPH10111776A (en) * 1996-10-08 1998-04-28 Sharp Corp Information processor
US6008983A (en) * 1997-07-29 1999-12-28 Yen; Jung-Chuan Adjusting device for a screen of a computer
US6005767A (en) * 1997-11-14 1999-12-21 Vadem Portable computer having articulated display
US6266236B1 (en) 1997-08-27 2001-07-24 Vadem Apparatus and method for connecting and articulating display in a portable computer having multiple display orientations
US6920619B1 (en) * 1997-08-28 2005-07-19 Slavoljub Milekic User interface for removing an object from a display
USRE43318E1 (en) * 1997-08-28 2012-04-17 Flatworld Interactives, Llc User interface for removing an object from a display
US6556435B1 (en) * 1997-10-31 2003-04-29 Hewlett-Packard Company Adjustable height docking station and computing device for use therewith
US6081207A (en) * 1997-11-12 2000-06-27 Batio; Jeffry Multipurpose, folding, portable computer
US6031714A (en) * 1997-12-08 2000-02-29 Ma; His Kuang Portable flat display device
US6667759B2 (en) * 1997-12-31 2003-12-23 At&T Corp. Video phone form factor
GB9800120D0 (en) * 1998-01-05 1998-03-04 Siemens Ag Device comprising a computer and integrated telecommunication apparatus
JP4140932B2 (en) * 1998-02-06 2008-08-27 松下電器産業株式会社 Display attitude setting device and information terminal device provided with the display attitude setting device
US6020878A (en) * 1998-06-01 2000-02-01 Motorola, Inc. Selective call radio with hinged touchpad
US6816145B1 (en) * 1998-07-22 2004-11-09 Silicon Graphics, Inc. Large area wide aspect ratio flat panel monitor having high resolution for high information content display
JP2000043484A (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-15 Ricoh Co Ltd Electronic whiteboard system
DE69824289T2 (en) 1998-09-21 2005-06-16 Hewlett-Packard Development Co., L.P., Houston Rotatable display device
US6134103A (en) * 1998-10-30 2000-10-17 Ghanma; Tony Flat panel display with adjustable height for a portable computer
WO2000028510A2 (en) * 1998-11-12 2000-05-18 Thomas Cies Z-configuration structure for computers, scanners, and communications and video devices
GB9825108D0 (en) * 1998-11-16 1999-01-13 Checkout Computer Systems Limi Computer displays
US6262885B1 (en) * 1998-11-19 2001-07-17 International Business Machines Corp. Portable computing device having a display movable thereabout
US6343006B1 (en) * 1998-11-20 2002-01-29 Jerry Moscovitch Computer display screen system and adjustable screen mount, and swinging screens therefor
US6108195A (en) * 1998-12-11 2000-08-22 Inclose Design, Inc. Computer system having thin-profile display with removable connector assembly
US6483445B1 (en) * 1998-12-21 2002-11-19 Intel Corporation Electronic device with hidden keyboard
US6229693B1 (en) * 1999-03-31 2001-05-08 International Business Machines Corporation Articulated display for notebook computer
JP2000315132A (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-14 Sony Corp Device and method for information processing and medium
USD428863S (en) * 1999-05-17 2000-08-01 Checkout Computer Systems, Ltd. Computer with display
US6392873B1 (en) 1999-06-16 2002-05-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Data-processing apparatus having a stand supporting a liquid-crystal display unit
US6223393B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2001-05-01 International Business Machines Corporation Redundant hinge element for a notebook computer
US6233138B1 (en) 1999-07-16 2001-05-15 Evergreen Innovations, L.L.C. Telescoping pivot hinge for computer display
JP2001042779A (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-16 Toshiba Corp Personal computer
EP1085753A1 (en) * 1999-09-13 2001-03-21 Inventec Corporation Electronic data display device
JP3283853B2 (en) * 1999-09-17 2002-05-20 米沢日本電気株式会社 Docking station
US6532147B1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2003-03-11 International Business Machines Corporation Flexible monitor/display on mobile device
DE19952400A1 (en) * 1999-10-29 2001-05-10 Wincor Nixdorf Gmbh & Co Kg Computer workstation for table and wall mounting
JP2001142641A (en) * 1999-11-15 2001-05-25 Pioneer Electronic Corp Touch panel device
CA2299572C (en) * 1999-11-18 2004-05-04 Xybernaut Corporation Personal communicator
US6114953A (en) * 1999-12-21 2000-09-05 Martin; John C. Automotive accessory reminder device
IT1315875B1 (en) * 2000-03-22 2003-03-26 Italdata Ingegneria Dell Idea PORTABLE EQUIPMENT FOR THE SCIENTIFIC IDENTIFICATION OF AN INDIVIDUAL.
US6430038B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2002-08-06 Hewlett-Packard Company Computer with articulated mechanism
US6437973B1 (en) * 2000-04-18 2002-08-20 Hewlett-Packard Company Modular mechanism for movable display
US6392877B1 (en) * 2000-06-05 2002-05-21 Richard J. Iredale Laptop computer display mounting
US6462941B1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2002-10-08 Palm, Inc. Method and apparatus for backlighting a handwriting input area for a portable computing device
KR100488515B1 (en) 2000-08-04 2005-05-11 삼성전자주식회사 Computer
US6700773B1 (en) 2000-11-03 2004-03-02 Revolutionary Learning Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for implementing a configurable personal computing device
US7032870B2 (en) * 2000-11-28 2006-04-25 Ergotron, Inc. Methods and apparatus for generating force and torque
US6994306B1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2006-02-07 Constant Force Technology, Llc Monitor support system
JP3576985B2 (en) * 2001-02-28 2004-10-13 キヤノン株式会社 Position adjustment mechanism and head mounted display device
US6741456B2 (en) * 2001-04-18 2004-05-25 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. System and method for pivotably securing display housing to computer system
US7248246B2 (en) 2001-05-31 2007-07-24 Intel Corporation Rack mount server with tiltable display
CA2454243A1 (en) * 2001-08-03 2003-02-20 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Patient point-of-care computer system
US20030030620A1 (en) * 2001-08-08 2003-02-13 International Business Machines Corporation Adjustable display device
US6819550B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2004-11-16 Apple Computer, Inc. Computer controlled display device
US7289315B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2007-10-30 Apple Inc. Computer controlled display device
US7035092B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2006-04-25 Apple Computer, Inc. Computer controlled display device
US7209344B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2007-04-24 Apple Inc. Computer controlled display device
US7142415B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2006-11-28 Apple Computer, Inc. Computer controlled display device
US7218510B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2007-05-15 Apple Computer, Inc. Computer controlled display device
US7604206B2 (en) * 2001-11-19 2009-10-20 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Monitor improved in a tilting and combining structure
KR100443981B1 (en) * 2001-12-04 2004-08-09 삼성전자주식회사 Monitor
US6771494B2 (en) * 2001-12-17 2004-08-03 Toshiba America Information Systems, Inc. Portable computer usable in laptop and tablet configurations
US20030142471A1 (en) * 2002-01-29 2003-07-31 Palm, Inc. Replaceable cover for handheld computer
US6781824B2 (en) * 2002-01-29 2004-08-24 Palm, Inc. Encasement for handheld computer
US7113176B2 (en) * 2002-01-30 2006-09-26 Stryker Corporation Video image capture system with adjustable control screen
US6874744B2 (en) 2002-02-25 2005-04-05 Wacom Co., Ltd. Stand for supporting a display in multiple orientations and a display used in combination with said stand
US20030211244A1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2003-11-13 Applied Materials, Inc. Reacting an organosilicon compound with an oxidizing gas to form an ultra low k dielectric
US6815373B2 (en) * 2002-04-16 2004-11-09 Applied Materials Inc. Use of cyclic siloxanes for hardness improvement of low k dielectric films
JP4052016B2 (en) * 2002-05-27 2008-02-27 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 Image forming apparatus
KR100520060B1 (en) * 2002-05-28 2005-10-11 삼성전자주식회사 Monitor
US6856506B2 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-02-15 Motion Computing Tablet computing device with three-dimensional docking support
US20050213298A1 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-09-29 Motion Computing, Inc. Docking support for a tablet computer with extended battery
KR100465792B1 (en) * 2002-07-06 2005-01-13 삼성전자주식회사 Display
KR100512718B1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2005-09-07 삼성전자주식회사 Monitor
US6922187B2 (en) * 2002-07-23 2005-07-26 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for implementing a compact portable computer system
US7209124B2 (en) * 2002-08-08 2007-04-24 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Multiple-position docking station for a tablet personal computer
US6997422B2 (en) * 2002-08-21 2006-02-14 Ergotron, Inc. Stand
KR100630969B1 (en) 2002-08-24 2006-10-02 삼성전자주식회사 Display
KR100476090B1 (en) * 2002-09-27 2005-03-11 삼성전자주식회사 Monitor
KR100482007B1 (en) * 2002-09-28 2005-04-13 삼성전자주식회사 Monitor
US6826041B2 (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-11-30 Sun Yu Dynamic angle computer monitor
TW551787U (en) * 2002-10-21 2003-09-01 Wistron Corp Electronic equipment having rotation positioning device
KR100770981B1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2007-10-30 삼성전자주식회사 Stand of Display
KR100500234B1 (en) * 2002-11-05 2005-07-11 삼성전자주식회사 Display apparatus
KR100826605B1 (en) * 2002-11-11 2008-04-30 삼성전자주식회사 Monitor
TW545858U (en) * 2002-11-22 2003-08-01 Compal Electronics Inc Portable electronic device having a lid with an additional supporting function
JP3598517B2 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-12-08 ソニー株式会社 Display device
US7252277B2 (en) 2003-01-17 2007-08-07 Ergotron, Inc. Support arm
US6897163B2 (en) * 2003-01-31 2005-05-24 Applied Materials, Inc. Method for depositing a low dielectric constant film
US7280348B2 (en) * 2003-02-14 2007-10-09 Intel Corporation Positioning mechanism for a pen-based computing system
US6780019B1 (en) * 2003-02-14 2004-08-24 Intel Corporation Pen-based computing system with a releasable socket connector for connecting a base unit to a tablet unit
US6987666B2 (en) * 2003-03-26 2006-01-17 Dell Products L.P. Flat panel monitor stand
US20040262474A1 (en) * 2003-04-22 2004-12-30 Boks Michael J. Flat screen monitor support system
US20040250635A1 (en) * 2003-05-20 2004-12-16 Sweere Harry C. Lift mechanism based on torque equalization principles
US7825766B2 (en) 2008-07-25 2010-11-02 Cooper Technologies Company Touch safe fuse module with ampacity rejection
US9267639B2 (en) 2003-05-20 2016-02-23 Ergotron, Inc Lift mechanism systems and methods
US20060185563A1 (en) 2004-07-30 2006-08-24 Sweere Harry C Lift mechanism systems and methods
KR100770984B1 (en) * 2003-05-23 2007-10-30 삼성전자주식회사 Display apparatus
US6947279B2 (en) * 2003-06-04 2005-09-20 Compal Electronics Inc. Portable electronic apparatus having host and display modules interconnected by a folding pivot module
US7806769B2 (en) * 2003-07-07 2010-10-05 Ami Entertainment Network, Inc. Touchscreen amusement device
WO2005012783A2 (en) * 2003-08-01 2005-02-10 Constant Force Technology, Llc Mechanism based on torque equalization principles
US7492579B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2009-02-17 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Computer with adjustable display
US7236356B2 (en) * 2003-10-22 2007-06-26 Motion Computing, Inc. External battery pack
US20050213297A1 (en) * 2003-10-22 2005-09-29 Motion Computing, Inc. Extended peripheral battery pack for a tablet computer
US20050156952A1 (en) * 2004-01-20 2005-07-21 Orner Edward E. Interactive display systems
US20100134964A1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2010-06-03 Originatic Llc Electronic Device
US8934226B2 (en) * 2004-03-08 2015-01-13 Originatic Llc Mountable device having a pivotable input device support
KR100609852B1 (en) 2004-05-04 2006-08-08 삼성전자주식회사 Display apparatus
KR100541457B1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-01-10 삼성전자주식회사 Display apparatus
KR100997932B1 (en) 2004-06-15 2010-12-03 삼성전자주식회사 Display apparatus
CN100428109C (en) * 2004-06-18 2008-10-22 华硕电脑股份有限公司 Pivot structure and electronic device
US7254010B1 (en) 2004-06-24 2007-08-07 Broadbandappliance.Com Method and appliance for providing broadband internet services in a retracting drawer mounted enclosure
JP2006094362A (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Toshiba Corp Broadcast receiving device
KR100705069B1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2007-04-06 엘지전자 주식회사 display of tiliting Assembly
WO2006074172A2 (en) * 2005-01-03 2006-07-13 Danger, Inc. Support and adjustment apparatus for a data processing device display
US20060164036A1 (en) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Motion Computing, Inc. Systems for powering peripheral devices
JP4683970B2 (en) * 2005-03-24 2011-05-18 任天堂株式会社 Touch input program and touch input device
WO2006107916A2 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-12 Clo Systems, Llc Mounting system capable of repositioning an apparatus relative to a reference plane
US8794579B2 (en) 2005-06-03 2014-08-05 Steelcase, Inc. Support arm assembly
TWI281565B (en) * 2005-06-27 2007-05-21 Lite On Technology Corp Display device with a supporter
US20070023603A1 (en) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-01 Clo Systems, Llc Mounting system capable of adjusting viewing angle of a monitor
KR100630938B1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2006-10-04 삼성전자주식회사 Display apparatus
US7630193B2 (en) * 2005-09-09 2009-12-08 Microsoft Corporation Multiple position computer display arm
US7505254B2 (en) * 2005-09-28 2009-03-17 Intel Corporation Desktop system with a detachable flat panel display
US7215538B1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2007-05-08 Shaofen Chen Portable computer with multi-sectioned arms to support display position adjustment and multiple configurations
US7974084B2 (en) * 2005-10-18 2011-07-05 Computer Ergotech, Llc Multi-sectioned arms for portable electronic devices
WO2007062214A2 (en) * 2005-11-21 2007-05-31 Clo Systems, Llc Motorized mount system for repositioning a monitor
US20070159560A1 (en) * 2006-01-11 2007-07-12 Jerry Moscovitch Multi-Directional Multi-Screen Display System
KR101237625B1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2013-02-26 엘지전자 주식회사 Stand of an display device
US20070205981A1 (en) * 2006-03-05 2007-09-06 Stone William J Iii Media device having alternatively accessible sides
US20070223184A1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-09-27 Garrett Roderick D Portable electronic monitor stand
US9384672B1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2016-07-05 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Handheld electronic book reader device having asymmetrical shape
US7388744B2 (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-06-17 James Chu Display with external device module
US8228668B2 (en) * 2006-07-26 2012-07-24 Ergotron, Inc. Balanced moment lift system and method
US20090057514A1 (en) * 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Oh Sung I Mounting system adapted to extend and retract in a straight line
WO2008092457A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Bang & Olufsen A/S Support for multimedia units
JP5024668B2 (en) * 2007-07-10 2012-09-12 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Image forming apparatus and information processing apparatus
US20080192421A1 (en) * 2007-10-15 2008-08-14 Daley Charles A Bag computer multi function hinge
TW200921588A (en) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-16 Coretronic Corp Stand and display device having the same
SE532789C2 (en) * 2007-11-14 2010-04-13 Cgm Ab Table with synchronized displays
JP2009157165A (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-16 Brother Ind Ltd Display panel and electric device
US20090174656A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-09 Rudell Design Llc Electronic image identification and animation system
DE202008000841U1 (en) * 2008-01-21 2009-06-04 Novomatic Ag Game and / or entertainment device
US7518876B1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2009-04-14 International Business Machines Corporation Retractable operator control panel with universal hinge design and dual orientation features
US10031549B2 (en) * 2008-07-10 2018-07-24 Apple Inc. Transitioning between modes of input
US7830650B2 (en) * 2008-07-24 2010-11-09 Dell Products L.P. Externally connectable thin display
US8832585B2 (en) * 2009-09-25 2014-09-09 Apple Inc. Device, method, and graphical user interface for manipulating workspace views
CN102062280A (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-18 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Bracket
US8981760B2 (en) * 2009-11-13 2015-03-17 Teledyne Lecroy, Inc. Rotatable display for test and measurement apparatus
US8684325B1 (en) 2010-04-01 2014-04-01 Mark Joseph Beshara Concealable TV mount extends and rotates
US20110239907A1 (en) * 2010-04-02 2011-10-06 Fabio Necco Table
US8618918B2 (en) 2010-04-09 2013-12-31 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Patient support, communication, and computing apparatus including movement of the support and connection to the hospital network
US8649166B2 (en) * 2011-01-11 2014-02-11 Z124 Multi-positionable portable computer
US8648821B2 (en) 2011-01-18 2014-02-11 Flextronics Id, Llc Spheroidal pivot for an electronic device
JP2012168435A (en) * 2011-02-16 2012-09-06 Sony Corp Display device
US10010169B2 (en) 2011-04-02 2018-07-03 Eric Arthur Grotenhuis Computer work desk
US8526178B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2013-09-03 Flextronics Ap, Llc All-in-one computing device with an adjustable screen height
US8681113B1 (en) 2011-09-27 2014-03-25 Flextronics Ap, Llc Concept and operation mode for multi media AIO
CN102368123B (en) * 2011-10-28 2013-11-20 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 Liquid crystal display device
AU2013240206B9 (en) 2012-03-30 2016-07-28 Ergotron, Inc. Counterbalancing lift mechanisms and methods
US20130308263A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Laptop keyboard tilting assembly
USD704156S1 (en) * 2012-05-23 2014-05-06 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Monitor
US9317832B2 (en) * 2012-06-19 2016-04-19 Federal Express Corporation System and methods for providing user services at remote locations
ITPS20120016A1 (en) 2012-07-20 2014-01-21 Glass Company Srl ELECTRONIC CONSOLE STRUCTURE, PARTICULARLY FOR OUTDOOR USE
CN102878403B (en) * 2012-10-09 2014-09-10 东莞市冠晔电子科技有限公司 Support device for panel display device
US9539155B2 (en) 2012-10-26 2017-01-10 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Control system for patient support apparatus
US20140270883A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Advantage Technology And Innovations, Inc. Stenographic Machine with Tilting Screen
US10474808B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2019-11-12 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Hospital bed compatibility with third party application software
JP2014225189A (en) * 2013-05-17 2014-12-04 株式会社東芝 Electronic apparatus
WO2015147845A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Collapsible hinge assembly
US9451060B1 (en) 2015-10-15 2016-09-20 Civiq Smartscapes, Llc Techniques and apparatus for controlling access to components of a personal communication structure (PCS)
US9823690B2 (en) 2015-09-11 2017-11-21 Civiq Smartscapes, Llc Techniques and apparatus for securing a structure to a support
US9622392B1 (en) 2015-09-17 2017-04-11 Civiq Smartscapes, Llc Techniques and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a personal communication structure (PCS)
US9703320B2 (en) * 2015-09-17 2017-07-11 Civiq Smartscapes, Llc Techniques and apparatus for mounting a housing on a personal communication structure (PCS)
US10270918B2 (en) 2015-10-15 2019-04-23 Civiq Smartscapes, Llc Method and apparatus for power and temperature control of compartments within a personal communication structure (PCS)
US9516485B1 (en) 2015-11-13 2016-12-06 Civiq Smartscapes, Llc Systems and methods for making emergency phone calls
WO2017087496A1 (en) 2015-11-16 2017-05-26 Civiq Smartscapes, Llc Systems and techniques for vandalism detection in a personal communication structure (pcs)
TWI591284B (en) * 2016-05-26 2017-07-11 鴻海精密工業股份有限公司 Supporting mechanism and electronic device combination
US10775839B2 (en) * 2017-07-19 2020-09-15 Exemplis Llc Monitor stand base with integrated outlets
USD898671S1 (en) 2017-07-19 2020-10-13 Exemplis Llc Power base for desk mount arm
USD911970S1 (en) 2017-07-19 2021-03-02 Exemplis Llc Power base for desk mount arm
CN108346332A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-31 许威 A kind of classroom error correction compensating device
US11334111B2 (en) * 2018-11-02 2022-05-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Display device
KR102541184B1 (en) * 2018-11-02 2023-06-12 엘지전자 주식회사 Height-adjustable Device
KR102508152B1 (en) * 2018-12-03 2023-03-09 엘지전자 주식회사 Display Device
KR102548046B1 (en) * 2018-11-02 2023-06-27 엘지전자 주식회사 Display Device
CN109710030B (en) * 2018-11-23 2021-11-09 英业达科技有限公司 Computer with a memory card
US11144271B1 (en) 2018-12-08 2021-10-12 Screen It Up Corp. Systems for moveable computer display devices
US11153978B2 (en) * 2019-09-04 2021-10-19 William Glenn Wardlow Enclosure for electronic display

Citations (113)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US812660A (en) 1905-06-01 1906-02-13 Marshall A Wood Adjustable mirror-support.
US2711872A (en) 1953-04-02 1955-06-28 Arthur R Lampke Baby bottle holder
US2890010A (en) 1954-12-16 1959-06-09 Donald I Barkheimer Adjustable television receiver stand
US3984075A (en) 1975-08-25 1976-10-05 Bahner Randal E Stand for hand calculator
US4066231A (en) * 1975-08-25 1978-01-03 Bahner Randal E Locking stand for small, portable devices
DE2847135A1 (en) 1978-10-30 1980-05-08 Nixdorf Computer Ag Support mechanism for VDU - has arm on base section rotating around horizontal axis and top link around parallel axis allowing adjustment to suit operator
US4267555A (en) 1979-06-29 1981-05-12 International Business Machines Corporation Rotatable raster scan display
US4304385A (en) 1980-01-17 1981-12-08 Icl, Inc. Tilt, swivel and vertical control mechanism for CRT terminal
US4365561A (en) 1978-10-12 1982-12-28 Compagnie Du Roneo Computer terminal station for data input and output
US4395010A (en) * 1980-09-30 1983-07-26 Tandberg Data A/S Device for the setting up of a data display device on a work surface
US4438458A (en) * 1981-02-16 1984-03-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Data display device
US4437638A (en) 1980-04-15 1984-03-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for fastening a monitor to a text station
FR2542543A1 (en) 1983-03-08 1984-09-14 Pierre Sa Rene Device for rotating a cathode tube together with angular positioning and locking device
USD279007S (en) 1982-06-01 1985-05-28 Fortune Systems Corporation Adjustable computer display and base
US4542377A (en) 1982-12-27 1985-09-17 International Business Machines Corporation Rotatable display work station
US4547027A (en) 1984-02-21 1985-10-15 Itt Corporation Modular swivel connector
US4552418A (en) 1982-09-24 1985-11-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Mounting for data display equipment
US4562987A (en) 1984-05-14 1986-01-07 Global Equipment Company Computer terminal support with five degrees of freedom
US4567835A (en) 1983-07-05 1986-02-04 Jg Furniture Systems, Inc. Manual adjustable terminal table
US4605188A (en) 1983-02-08 1986-08-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for seating a terminal or similar office equipment
US4606628A (en) 1984-12-04 1986-08-19 Vivid Systems Incorporated Video projector lens angulation mechanism
US4611777A (en) 1983-10-11 1986-09-16 Tektronix, Inc. Computer terminal stand
US4616218A (en) 1983-01-03 1986-10-07 International Business Machines Corporation Adjustable CRT display
US4624434A (en) 1984-12-19 1986-11-25 Burroughs Corporation Stable tiltable display terminal
JPS621079A (en) 1985-06-26 1987-01-07 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Distributed processing system for analog data
US4640485A (en) 1984-06-08 1987-02-03 International Business Machines Corporation Adjustable support for display monitor
JPS6296681A (en) 1985-02-09 1987-05-06 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Method for coating aluminum alloy containing silicon with metal of different kind
JPS6296682A (en) 1985-10-22 1987-05-06 Sanko Kagaku Kk Rust preventive for copper and copper alloy
US4669694A (en) 1985-12-23 1987-06-02 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Tilt adjusting mechanism
JPS62173509A (en) 1986-01-27 1987-07-30 Hitachi Ltd Picture display device
US4684089A (en) 1984-10-22 1987-08-04 Lely Cornelis V D Computer with universal input member for use on stationary and mobile platforms
US4690362A (en) 1984-06-26 1987-09-01 Tangberg Data A/S Adjustable stand for a visual display unit
US4691886A (en) 1985-04-18 1987-09-08 Texas Instruments Incorporated Adjustable display stand
US4699694A (en) 1985-11-19 1987-10-13 Usinor Aciers Process and device for regulating the quantity of metal electrolytically deposited on a continuously travelling band
US4717112A (en) 1986-11-04 1988-01-05 Pirkle Fred L Computer workstation
US4718740A (en) 1986-10-28 1988-01-12 Allied Corporation Housing and stowage mechanism for terminal keyboard and display panel
US4729533A (en) * 1986-04-19 1988-03-08 International Business Machines Corporation Support apparatus
USD294701S (en) 1985-03-29 1988-03-15 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Portable television set
US4736332A (en) * 1985-04-26 1988-04-05 Ncr Corporation Portable personal computing system
USD295415S (en) 1985-11-15 1988-04-26 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Adjustable support for plasma display panel
EP0280096A1 (en) 1987-02-09 1988-08-31 Tandberg Data A/S Supporting arrangement for a video display unit
US4768744A (en) * 1986-08-27 1988-09-06 Richard Leeds Apparatus for supporting a load in a dynamically balanced condition
US4807842A (en) 1986-03-31 1989-02-28 Wang Laboratories, Inc. Tilt apparatus for a display monitor field
US4814759A (en) 1987-07-08 1989-03-21 Clinicom Incorporated Flat panel display monitor apparatus
US4827085A (en) 1987-11-19 1989-05-02 Ovonic Imaging Systems, Inc. Voice and image teleconferencing system including paperless facsimile means
US4831368A (en) 1986-06-18 1989-05-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Display apparatus with rotatable display screen
US4832419A (en) 1987-01-15 1989-05-23 Compaq Computer Corporation Adjustable display panel for portable computer
US4834329A (en) * 1987-05-29 1989-05-30 Michael Delapp Monitor support for a terminal
US4846434A (en) * 1988-08-04 1989-07-11 Jac Jacobsen Industrier A.S. Counterbalanced arm assembly
US4859092A (en) 1986-11-18 1989-08-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Portable apparatus with a mechanism for holding a display above a printer while the printer is printing data
US4864601A (en) * 1988-04-20 1989-09-05 Berry Wayne F Integrated voice data workstation
US4931019A (en) 1988-09-01 1990-06-05 Pennwalt Corporation Electrostatic image display apparatus
JPH02148086A (en) 1988-11-30 1990-06-06 Hitachi Ltd Information processor
US4978949A (en) 1989-03-06 1990-12-18 Dynabook Technologies Corporation Locking mechanism and support legs for removable display assembly
US4980848A (en) 1988-10-31 1990-12-25 Zenith Data Systems Corporation Heat-exchange panel for portable computer
USD313405S (en) * 1987-05-27 1991-01-01 Barry Michael R Computer display with adjustable stand
USD314376S (en) 1988-09-05 1991-02-05 Hitachi, Ltd. Computer display
US4989813A (en) * 1989-11-29 1991-02-05 Samsung Electron Devices Co., Ltd. Supporting base for controlling height, swivel and inclination of display means
JPH0397458A (en) 1989-09-11 1991-04-23 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd Perforated nonwoven fabric laminated sheet and its manufacture
JPH0397466A (en) 1989-09-08 1991-04-23 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Method of coating base material with life-activatable apatite hydroxide
JPH03113423A (en) 1989-09-27 1991-05-14 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd Liquid crystal display element
US5016849A (en) 1989-11-17 1991-05-21 Datatech Enterprises Co., Ltd. Swivel mechanism for a monitor of a laptop computer
JPH03150588A (en) 1989-11-08 1991-06-26 Hitachi Ltd Display tilt device
JPH03161816A (en) 1989-11-20 1991-07-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Computer
USD321179S (en) 1989-12-01 1991-10-29 Radius, Inc. Pivotable display monitor
USD322063S (en) 1989-12-01 1991-12-03 Radius, Inc. Pivotable display monitor
US5076524A (en) 1990-12-27 1991-12-31 Sony Trans Com, Inc. TV/LCD pop-up stowage retraction means
JPH0415680A (en) 1990-05-09 1992-01-21 Hitachi Ltd Plane display device
US5100098A (en) * 1989-06-12 1992-03-31 Grid Systems Corporation Stand and handle for hand held computer
EP0480323A2 (en) 1990-10-10 1992-04-15 Alcatel SEL Aktiengesellschaft Line arrangement for compensating cross-talk
EP0480232A2 (en) 1990-10-08 1992-04-15 Alcatel SEL Aktiengesellschaft Electronic camera
US5107402A (en) * 1989-01-05 1992-04-21 Telemecanique Portable computer provided with a tilting screen articulated thereon by tilting linkage with a bent shape
US5115374A (en) 1989-08-02 1992-05-19 U.S. Philips Corp. Portable computer including, for facsimile transmission, a document scanner integral with the display module
US5114109A (en) 1990-10-02 1992-05-19 Htg High Tech Geratebau Gmbh Telescopically extensible lifting column, in particular for the height adjustment of a camera
US5124805A (en) 1988-12-08 1992-06-23 Daewoo Electronics, Co., Ltd. Remote control operated moving television receiver
US5126955A (en) 1989-02-10 1992-06-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Manually sweepable apparatus housed in a computer main body
US5128662A (en) * 1989-10-20 1992-07-07 Failla Stephen J Collapsibly segmented display screens for computers or the like
US5134390A (en) 1988-07-21 1992-07-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and apparatus for rotatable display
JPH04221989A (en) 1990-12-21 1992-08-12 Canon Inc Electronic device
US5144290A (en) 1988-10-31 1992-09-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Display unit attachment device
JPH04267285A (en) 1991-02-21 1992-09-22 Canon Inc Thin type display device
US5161766A (en) 1991-05-02 1992-11-10 Arima Ronald H Portable work station
US5173686A (en) 1989-12-15 1992-12-22 Clarion Co., Ltd. Sliding accommodation type liquid crystal display device
US5179447A (en) 1991-04-16 1993-01-12 Hughes-Avicom International, Inc. Personal video player and monitor assembly for airline passenger seat console
JPH0536423A (en) 1991-07-29 1993-02-12 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd Manufacture of thermal battery
US5190302A (en) 1990-05-03 1993-03-02 Electronic Voting Systems, Inc. Transportable component stand
US5196993A (en) 1989-03-06 1993-03-23 Unisys Corp. Removable stand alone display for laptop computer
US5195709A (en) 1989-03-10 1993-03-23 Koito Industries, Ltd. Television receiver supporting structure of arm rest
US5200913A (en) 1990-05-04 1993-04-06 Grid Systems, Inc. Combination laptop and pad computer
US5206790A (en) 1991-07-11 1993-04-27 Zeos International, Ltd. Pivot and swivel mechanism for lap top display
US5205017A (en) 1992-03-18 1993-04-27 Jetta Computers Co., Ltd. Notebook computer top cover mounting hardware
US5222780A (en) 1990-12-27 1993-06-29 Sony Trans Com Inc. TV/LCD pop-up stowage retraction means
USD337104S (en) * 1991-08-15 1993-07-06 Ncr Corporation Flat screen display terminal
US5229920A (en) * 1991-04-23 1993-07-20 Ta Triumph-Adler Ag Portable data processing device with turnable and telescopable display
US5253139A (en) 1989-10-31 1993-10-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Portable electronic apparatus having a detachable display unit and a socket lid
US5255214A (en) 1992-09-11 1993-10-19 Ma Hsi Kuang Portable computer with a level and angular position adjustable LCD assembly
US5278779A (en) 1992-06-26 1994-01-11 Conway Kevin M Laptop computer with hinged keyboard
USD343168S (en) 1992-04-10 1994-01-11 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Computer
US5279488A (en) 1992-07-09 1994-01-18 James Fleming Adjustable workstation for vehicles
US5282595A (en) 1992-09-28 1994-02-01 Conforti Carl J Article support apparatus
US5283595A (en) 1992-01-17 1994-02-01 Yuri Krukovsky Visual paging system
DE9404515U1 (en) 1994-03-17 1994-05-26 Herbert Karl Walter Adjustable holding device for on-board computers in motor vehicles, especially for laptop or notebook computers
US5329289A (en) * 1991-04-26 1994-07-12 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Data processor with rotatable display
USD349489S (en) * 1993-03-09 1994-08-09 Wang Jing Y LCD monitor
US5362025A (en) 1992-06-15 1994-11-08 Michael Trom Portable computer support device and means of support
US5373333A (en) 1992-03-10 1994-12-13 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Presentation apparatus
US5383138A (en) * 1992-07-13 1995-01-17 Fujitsu Limited Folding portable data processing apparatus with three hinge points
US5386219A (en) 1991-10-16 1995-01-31 International Business Machines Corp. Touch overlay for improved touch sensitivity
US5434964A (en) 1990-01-25 1995-07-18 Radius Inc. Movement and redimensioning of computer display windows
US5729529A (en) 1995-07-06 1998-03-17 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ.) Timing and synchronization technique for ATM system
US5729429A (en) 1996-02-20 1998-03-17 Margaritis; Georgios Ergonomic laptop computer having display positioning supports
US5774233A (en) 1993-12-09 1998-06-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Document image processing system
USD431036S (en) 1999-05-04 2000-09-19 Florists' Transworld Delivery, Inc. Compact disc pic

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US349489A (en) * 1886-09-21 fisher
JPH02280192A (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-11-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Display device
JPH04503436A (en) * 1989-09-21 1992-06-18 インテリジェンス、テクナラジ、コーパレイシャン Integrated data transmission computers and systems
KR920002749Y1 (en) * 1989-09-23 1992-04-30 현대전자산업 주식회사 Tilting apparatus for l.c.d. of w.p.
JP3097065B2 (en) * 1991-04-23 2000-10-10 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Information processing equipment
US5668570A (en) * 1993-06-29 1997-09-16 Ditzik; Richard J. Desktop computer with adjustable flat panel screen

Patent Citations (114)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US812660A (en) 1905-06-01 1906-02-13 Marshall A Wood Adjustable mirror-support.
US2711872A (en) 1953-04-02 1955-06-28 Arthur R Lampke Baby bottle holder
US2890010A (en) 1954-12-16 1959-06-09 Donald I Barkheimer Adjustable television receiver stand
US3984075A (en) 1975-08-25 1976-10-05 Bahner Randal E Stand for hand calculator
US4066231A (en) * 1975-08-25 1978-01-03 Bahner Randal E Locking stand for small, portable devices
US4365561A (en) 1978-10-12 1982-12-28 Compagnie Du Roneo Computer terminal station for data input and output
DE2847135A1 (en) 1978-10-30 1980-05-08 Nixdorf Computer Ag Support mechanism for VDU - has arm on base section rotating around horizontal axis and top link around parallel axis allowing adjustment to suit operator
US4267555A (en) 1979-06-29 1981-05-12 International Business Machines Corporation Rotatable raster scan display
US4304385A (en) 1980-01-17 1981-12-08 Icl, Inc. Tilt, swivel and vertical control mechanism for CRT terminal
US4437638A (en) 1980-04-15 1984-03-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for fastening a monitor to a text station
US4395010A (en) * 1980-09-30 1983-07-26 Tandberg Data A/S Device for the setting up of a data display device on a work surface
US4438458A (en) * 1981-02-16 1984-03-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Data display device
USD279007S (en) 1982-06-01 1985-05-28 Fortune Systems Corporation Adjustable computer display and base
US4552418A (en) 1982-09-24 1985-11-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Mounting for data display equipment
US4542377A (en) 1982-12-27 1985-09-17 International Business Machines Corporation Rotatable display work station
US4616218A (en) 1983-01-03 1986-10-07 International Business Machines Corporation Adjustable CRT display
US4605188A (en) 1983-02-08 1986-08-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for seating a terminal or similar office equipment
FR2542543A1 (en) 1983-03-08 1984-09-14 Pierre Sa Rene Device for rotating a cathode tube together with angular positioning and locking device
US4567835A (en) 1983-07-05 1986-02-04 Jg Furniture Systems, Inc. Manual adjustable terminal table
US4611777A (en) 1983-10-11 1986-09-16 Tektronix, Inc. Computer terminal stand
US4547027A (en) 1984-02-21 1985-10-15 Itt Corporation Modular swivel connector
US4562987A (en) 1984-05-14 1986-01-07 Global Equipment Company Computer terminal support with five degrees of freedom
US4640485A (en) 1984-06-08 1987-02-03 International Business Machines Corporation Adjustable support for display monitor
US4690362A (en) 1984-06-26 1987-09-01 Tangberg Data A/S Adjustable stand for a visual display unit
US4684089A (en) 1984-10-22 1987-08-04 Lely Cornelis V D Computer with universal input member for use on stationary and mobile platforms
US4733838A (en) 1984-10-22 1988-03-29 Lely Cornelis V D Transportable computer
US4606628A (en) 1984-12-04 1986-08-19 Vivid Systems Incorporated Video projector lens angulation mechanism
US4624434A (en) 1984-12-19 1986-11-25 Burroughs Corporation Stable tiltable display terminal
JPS6296681A (en) 1985-02-09 1987-05-06 Aichi Steel Works Ltd Method for coating aluminum alloy containing silicon with metal of different kind
USD294701S (en) 1985-03-29 1988-03-15 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Portable television set
US4691886A (en) 1985-04-18 1987-09-08 Texas Instruments Incorporated Adjustable display stand
US4736332A (en) * 1985-04-26 1988-04-05 Ncr Corporation Portable personal computing system
JPS621079A (en) 1985-06-26 1987-01-07 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Distributed processing system for analog data
JPS6296682A (en) 1985-10-22 1987-05-06 Sanko Kagaku Kk Rust preventive for copper and copper alloy
USD295415S (en) 1985-11-15 1988-04-26 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Adjustable support for plasma display panel
US4699694A (en) 1985-11-19 1987-10-13 Usinor Aciers Process and device for regulating the quantity of metal electrolytically deposited on a continuously travelling band
US4669694A (en) 1985-12-23 1987-06-02 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Tilt adjusting mechanism
JPS62173509A (en) 1986-01-27 1987-07-30 Hitachi Ltd Picture display device
US4807842A (en) 1986-03-31 1989-02-28 Wang Laboratories, Inc. Tilt apparatus for a display monitor field
US4729533A (en) * 1986-04-19 1988-03-08 International Business Machines Corporation Support apparatus
US4831368A (en) 1986-06-18 1989-05-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Display apparatus with rotatable display screen
US4768744A (en) * 1986-08-27 1988-09-06 Richard Leeds Apparatus for supporting a load in a dynamically balanced condition
US4718740A (en) 1986-10-28 1988-01-12 Allied Corporation Housing and stowage mechanism for terminal keyboard and display panel
US4717112A (en) 1986-11-04 1988-01-05 Pirkle Fred L Computer workstation
US4859092A (en) 1986-11-18 1989-08-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Portable apparatus with a mechanism for holding a display above a printer while the printer is printing data
US4832419A (en) 1987-01-15 1989-05-23 Compaq Computer Corporation Adjustable display panel for portable computer
EP0280096A1 (en) 1987-02-09 1988-08-31 Tandberg Data A/S Supporting arrangement for a video display unit
USD313405S (en) * 1987-05-27 1991-01-01 Barry Michael R Computer display with adjustable stand
US4834329A (en) * 1987-05-29 1989-05-30 Michael Delapp Monitor support for a terminal
US4814759A (en) 1987-07-08 1989-03-21 Clinicom Incorporated Flat panel display monitor apparatus
US4827085A (en) 1987-11-19 1989-05-02 Ovonic Imaging Systems, Inc. Voice and image teleconferencing system including paperless facsimile means
US4864601A (en) * 1988-04-20 1989-09-05 Berry Wayne F Integrated voice data workstation
US5134390A (en) 1988-07-21 1992-07-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and apparatus for rotatable display
US4846434A (en) * 1988-08-04 1989-07-11 Jac Jacobsen Industrier A.S. Counterbalanced arm assembly
US4931019A (en) 1988-09-01 1990-06-05 Pennwalt Corporation Electrostatic image display apparatus
USD314376S (en) 1988-09-05 1991-02-05 Hitachi, Ltd. Computer display
US4980848A (en) 1988-10-31 1990-12-25 Zenith Data Systems Corporation Heat-exchange panel for portable computer
US5144290A (en) 1988-10-31 1992-09-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Display unit attachment device
JPH02148086A (en) 1988-11-30 1990-06-06 Hitachi Ltd Information processor
US5124805A (en) 1988-12-08 1992-06-23 Daewoo Electronics, Co., Ltd. Remote control operated moving television receiver
US5107402A (en) * 1989-01-05 1992-04-21 Telemecanique Portable computer provided with a tilting screen articulated thereon by tilting linkage with a bent shape
US5126955A (en) 1989-02-10 1992-06-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Manually sweepable apparatus housed in a computer main body
US4978949A (en) 1989-03-06 1990-12-18 Dynabook Technologies Corporation Locking mechanism and support legs for removable display assembly
US5196993A (en) 1989-03-06 1993-03-23 Unisys Corp. Removable stand alone display for laptop computer
US5195709A (en) 1989-03-10 1993-03-23 Koito Industries, Ltd. Television receiver supporting structure of arm rest
US5100098A (en) * 1989-06-12 1992-03-31 Grid Systems Corporation Stand and handle for hand held computer
US5115374A (en) 1989-08-02 1992-05-19 U.S. Philips Corp. Portable computer including, for facsimile transmission, a document scanner integral with the display module
JPH0397466A (en) 1989-09-08 1991-04-23 Murata Mfg Co Ltd Method of coating base material with life-activatable apatite hydroxide
JPH0397458A (en) 1989-09-11 1991-04-23 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd Perforated nonwoven fabric laminated sheet and its manufacture
JPH03113423A (en) 1989-09-27 1991-05-14 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd Liquid crystal display element
US5128662A (en) * 1989-10-20 1992-07-07 Failla Stephen J Collapsibly segmented display screens for computers or the like
US5253139A (en) 1989-10-31 1993-10-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Portable electronic apparatus having a detachable display unit and a socket lid
JPH03150588A (en) 1989-11-08 1991-06-26 Hitachi Ltd Display tilt device
US5016849A (en) 1989-11-17 1991-05-21 Datatech Enterprises Co., Ltd. Swivel mechanism for a monitor of a laptop computer
JPH03161816A (en) 1989-11-20 1991-07-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Computer
US4989813A (en) * 1989-11-29 1991-02-05 Samsung Electron Devices Co., Ltd. Supporting base for controlling height, swivel and inclination of display means
USD322063S (en) 1989-12-01 1991-12-03 Radius, Inc. Pivotable display monitor
USD321179S (en) 1989-12-01 1991-10-29 Radius, Inc. Pivotable display monitor
US5173686A (en) 1989-12-15 1992-12-22 Clarion Co., Ltd. Sliding accommodation type liquid crystal display device
US5434964A (en) 1990-01-25 1995-07-18 Radius Inc. Movement and redimensioning of computer display windows
US5190302A (en) 1990-05-03 1993-03-02 Electronic Voting Systems, Inc. Transportable component stand
US5200913A (en) 1990-05-04 1993-04-06 Grid Systems, Inc. Combination laptop and pad computer
JPH0415680A (en) 1990-05-09 1992-01-21 Hitachi Ltd Plane display device
US5114109A (en) 1990-10-02 1992-05-19 Htg High Tech Geratebau Gmbh Telescopically extensible lifting column, in particular for the height adjustment of a camera
EP0480232A2 (en) 1990-10-08 1992-04-15 Alcatel SEL Aktiengesellschaft Electronic camera
EP0480323A2 (en) 1990-10-10 1992-04-15 Alcatel SEL Aktiengesellschaft Line arrangement for compensating cross-talk
JPH04221989A (en) 1990-12-21 1992-08-12 Canon Inc Electronic device
US5222780A (en) 1990-12-27 1993-06-29 Sony Trans Com Inc. TV/LCD pop-up stowage retraction means
US5076524A (en) 1990-12-27 1991-12-31 Sony Trans Com, Inc. TV/LCD pop-up stowage retraction means
JPH04267285A (en) 1991-02-21 1992-09-22 Canon Inc Thin type display device
US5179447A (en) 1991-04-16 1993-01-12 Hughes-Avicom International, Inc. Personal video player and monitor assembly for airline passenger seat console
US5229920A (en) * 1991-04-23 1993-07-20 Ta Triumph-Adler Ag Portable data processing device with turnable and telescopable display
US5329289A (en) * 1991-04-26 1994-07-12 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Data processor with rotatable display
US5161766A (en) 1991-05-02 1992-11-10 Arima Ronald H Portable work station
US5206790A (en) 1991-07-11 1993-04-27 Zeos International, Ltd. Pivot and swivel mechanism for lap top display
JPH0536423A (en) 1991-07-29 1993-02-12 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd Manufacture of thermal battery
USD337104S (en) * 1991-08-15 1993-07-06 Ncr Corporation Flat screen display terminal
US5386219A (en) 1991-10-16 1995-01-31 International Business Machines Corp. Touch overlay for improved touch sensitivity
US5283595A (en) 1992-01-17 1994-02-01 Yuri Krukovsky Visual paging system
US5373333A (en) 1992-03-10 1994-12-13 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Presentation apparatus
US5205017A (en) 1992-03-18 1993-04-27 Jetta Computers Co., Ltd. Notebook computer top cover mounting hardware
USD343168S (en) 1992-04-10 1994-01-11 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Computer
US5362025A (en) 1992-06-15 1994-11-08 Michael Trom Portable computer support device and means of support
US5278779A (en) 1992-06-26 1994-01-11 Conway Kevin M Laptop computer with hinged keyboard
US5279488A (en) 1992-07-09 1994-01-18 James Fleming Adjustable workstation for vehicles
US5383138A (en) * 1992-07-13 1995-01-17 Fujitsu Limited Folding portable data processing apparatus with three hinge points
US5255214A (en) 1992-09-11 1993-10-19 Ma Hsi Kuang Portable computer with a level and angular position adjustable LCD assembly
US5282595A (en) 1992-09-28 1994-02-01 Conforti Carl J Article support apparatus
USD349489S (en) * 1993-03-09 1994-08-09 Wang Jing Y LCD monitor
US5774233A (en) 1993-12-09 1998-06-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Document image processing system
DE9404515U1 (en) 1994-03-17 1994-05-26 Herbert Karl Walter Adjustable holding device for on-board computers in motor vehicles, especially for laptop or notebook computers
US5729529A (en) 1995-07-06 1998-03-17 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ.) Timing and synchronization technique for ATM system
US5729429A (en) 1996-02-20 1998-03-17 Margaritis; Georgios Ergonomic laptop computer having display positioning supports
USD431036S (en) 1999-05-04 2000-09-19 Florists' Transworld Delivery, Inc. Compact disc pic

Non-Patent Citations (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Da sind Sie platt," Funckschau 23/1993.
"Display Systems-Newly Released Video Display Monitors-Includes List of Recently Release Products-Product Announcement," Computer Delaer News, Jul. 11, 1991.
"Flacher Bildschirm aus deutscher Entwicklung," Elektronik No. 14 pp. 79-82 (Jul. 1982).
"Fur fast alle Falle," Funckshau 22/1993 p. 22.
"Graphics Hardware Compatibility Guide," Portrait Display labs May 1993.
"ISDN," Funckschau Jun. 1993.
"LCDs Mit aller Macht in einen Markt," Funkschau Jul. 1991.
"Marine-Elektronik Sensor ersetzt Sehrohr," Funckschau Dec. 1990 p. 70.
"Multimediale Systeme Klassifickation, Konzepte and Entwicklungen," Funckschau 19/1992 p. 36.
"Nachrichten und Trends," Funckschau Jul. 1990 p. 18.
"Neuheiten," Funckschau 26/1990 p. 81.
"Neuheiten," Funckschau Jan. 1991 p. 72.
"Neuheiten," Funckschau Jul. 1990 p. 63.
"Overblick Eller Detaljpresentation: Enkat om anvandningen av en omstallbar terminal (Facit Twist", Stockholm University, IPLab-5 1998.
"Radius Introduced Pivoting Monitor for DOS-Radius Full Page Pivot Monitor and Radius SVGA Multi View Interface Card-Product Announcement," Computing Canada, Oct. 19. 1991.
"Technologieschmiede in Australien," Funckschau Apr. 1991 p. 33.
"Telecom Praxis," Funckschau 21/1990 p. 39.
"Titel," Funckschau Jul. 1990 p. 29.
"Tonstudio Vielseitig in der Anwendung," Funckschau 18/1990 p. 66.
"Would you like to get more out of Windows?" Portrait Display Labs May 1993.
Addo, Pamela, "Radius Pivot Boasts Color, Rotation, Full-Page View-Radius, Inc.'s Color Pivot, Impressit and Radius Rocket-Product Announcement," Computing Canada, Apr. 11, 1991.
Addo, Pamela, "Radius Rotates into DOS World With Color," Computer Dealer News, Sep. 5, 1991.
Facit Twist Parts List.
Funckschau 18/1990 p. 59.
Funckschau Mar. 1992 p. 39.
IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin vol. 27, No. 4A, pp. 2181-2183 (Sep. 1984).
J. Haaranen, A 9in Diagonal High-Contrast Multi-Color TFEL Display, SID 92 Digest, 348-351 (1992).
Jane Birk, Flat panel monitors, Information Display, 8 n. 9 at 10-13 (1992).
Peter Knoll, Conception of an Integrated Driver Information System , 1990 SID International Symposium Digest of Technical Papers , XXI, 126-129 (1990).
Radius Offers Color Pivot for the Mac-Color Monitor-New Products-Micro Hardware-Product Announcement, Computing Canada, Apr. 25, 1991.
The Windows Monitor Buyer's Guide, Portrait Display Labs May 1993.

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8462103B1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2013-06-11 Jerry Moscovitch Computer display screen system and adjustable screen mount, and swinging screens therefor
US20080105807A1 (en) * 2004-01-02 2008-05-08 Oh Sung I Viewing Angle Adjustment Method For A Monitor
US20080273012A1 (en) * 2004-02-23 2008-11-06 Edward Bullister Multifunctional portable computing device with special housing
US20070066107A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Asustek Computer Inc. Notebook computer having adjustable screen with telescopic element
US7342777B2 (en) * 2005-09-16 2008-03-11 Asustek Computer Inc. Notebook computer having adjustable screen with telescopic element
US20080094792A1 (en) * 2005-10-18 2008-04-24 Shaofen Chen Multi-sectioned arms for portable electronic devices
US8089750B2 (en) * 2005-10-18 2012-01-03 Computer Ergotech, Llc Multi-sectioned arms for portable electronic devices
US20070217131A1 (en) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-20 Garry Kehr Systems and methods for providing a movable computer display
US20070217135A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-20 High Tech Computer, Corp. Portable electronic device
US7573703B2 (en) * 2006-03-17 2009-08-11 Htc Corporation Portable electronic device
US7593219B2 (en) 2007-04-26 2009-09-22 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Display support system and method
US20080266486A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 David Quijano Display support system and method
US20090101047A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2009-04-23 Azanaw Mulaw Multimedia Table with Rotatable Tray
US8289685B2 (en) * 2010-04-23 2012-10-16 Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Portable electronic device
US20140355186A1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-04 Sony Corporation Electronic device
US9255661B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2016-02-09 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Adjusters to control lower joints and upper joints
US20200097050A1 (en) * 2018-09-24 2020-03-26 Apple Inc. Accessory devices for portable electronic devices
US10705574B2 (en) * 2018-09-24 2020-07-07 Apple Inc. Accessory devices for portable electronic devices
US11622626B2 (en) 2019-05-31 2023-04-11 Touchstone Home Products, Inc. Lift for television or other visual display screen
US11849552B2 (en) 2021-05-06 2023-12-19 Manufacturing Design Solutions Adjustable free-standing support for a data display monitor
US20220397941A1 (en) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-15 Mobile Pixels Inc. Auxiliary monitors with articulated hinge
US11740664B2 (en) * 2021-06-10 2023-08-29 Mobile Pixels Inc. Auxiliary monitors with articulated hinge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20060187626A1 (en) 2006-08-24
US6326955B1 (en) 2001-12-04
US20030080949A1 (en) 2003-05-01
US5668570A (en) 1997-09-16
US6064373A (en) 2000-05-16
US20010017761A1 (en) 2001-08-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7091961B2 (en) Desktop device with adjustable flat screen display
US5440502A (en) Stylus operable computer with wireless keyboard in storage bay
US5822185A (en) Ergonomic docking station for a portable computer
US5241303A (en) Portable computer with physical reconfiguration of display connection for stylus and keyboard entry
US5589849A (en) Display monitor position adjustment apparatus
AU2005220159B2 (en) Direct hinge for optimizing conversion
US6302612B1 (en) Pivotally extensible display device
US6353529B1 (en) Z-configuration structure for computers, scanners, and communications and video devices
US6091602A (en) Computer docking station for horizontal or vertical positioning
US7492579B2 (en) Computer with adjustable display
US6237507B1 (en) Information apparatus installing desk
US6556435B1 (en) Adjustable height docking station and computing device for use therewith
US5815735A (en) Portable computer with removable display screen using removably mateable connectors to form the sole supporting interconnection between the computer base portion and display screen structure
US20040264118A1 (en) Portable computer having a split screen and a multi-purpose hinge
EP1640849A1 (en) Portable computer system with integrated stand
KR20000026287A (en) Portable computer
WO2004001567A2 (en) Tablet computing device with three-dimensional docking support
US20120133591A1 (en) Portable monitor
US6724614B1 (en) Information apparatus support structure
US6989987B1 (en) Reconfigurable computer monitor
US7102592B2 (en) Video signal converter for a detachable display module of a portable computer
WO2000028510A2 (en) Z-configuration structure for computers, scanners, and communications and video devices
CN219105416U (en) Finger reading device and auxiliary fitting of finger reading device
CN219162607U (en) Two-in-one tablet personal computer
US11068031B2 (en) Stand assemblies

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: PAT HOLDER NO LONGER CLAIMS SMALL ENTITY STATUS, ENTITY STATUS SET TO UNDISCOUNTED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: STOL); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

AS Assignment

Owner name: NETAIRUS SYSTEMS LLC, CALIFORNIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DITZIK, RICHARD J.;REEL/FRAME:025008/0149

Effective date: 20080703

Owner name: NETAIRUS SYSTEMS LLC, CALIFORNIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DITZIK, RICHARD J.;REEL/FRAME:025008/0156

Effective date: 20100415

CC Certificate of correction
FPAY Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

FEPP Fee payment procedure

Free format text: MAINTENANCE FEE REMINDER MAILED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: REM.)

LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED FOR FAILURE TO PAY MAINTENANCE FEES (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: EXP.); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362

FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 20180815