US718572A - Apparatus for the liquefaction of air or other aeriform fluids. - Google Patents
Apparatus for the liquefaction of air or other aeriform fluids. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US718572A US718572A US9453502A US1902094535A US718572A US 718572 A US718572 A US 718572A US 9453502 A US9453502 A US 9453502A US 1902094535 A US1902094535 A US 1902094535A US 718572 A US718572 A US 718572A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- coil
- air
- insulated
- coils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
- F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
- Y10S165/909—Regeneration
Definitions
- . ing is a specification.
- This invention relates to an improve-: apparatus for the liquefactioaci air-and other aeriform iiuids.
- cooled compressed gas from a suitable source enters the outer end of an inlet series of coils of pipe arranged in a series of thermally-insulated chambers.
- the inner coil of the said series extends and opens into the interior of a fluidtight vessel arranged in one of the said insulated chambers.
- This vessel is in communication at the top with the inlet of a pressuremaintaining valve, the outlet of which communicates with ya coil, which also extends down the said chamber, at the bottom of which it is connected through a three-Way passage with a thermally-insulated liquidfreceptacle and With-the inner end of an outlet series of coils, which extend through the insulated chambers above mentioned.
- My said invention also conpnses'otheriinprovements hereinafter set iorth.
- Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section
- Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of an apparatus constructed according to my said invention.
- the colnpressed gas whose heat of compression has already been absorbed, enters the apparatus through a pipe l and is cooled in a coil 11 in a thermally-insulated chamber 2. From the coil 11 the cooled gas passes to -acoil12 in another thermally-insulated chamber 3. From the coil 12 the gas passes on into a coil 13 in a thermally-insulated chamber 4, Where it is still further cooled. From the coil 13 the cold gas passes into the upper .end of a coil 14, which extends from the top to near the bottom of aizid-tight thermallyinsulated vessel 5. The gas liquet'ies in this coil, which is open at its lower end, and passes into the vessel 5. The heat of condensation forces a portion of this liquid to evaporate, thereby augmenting the pressure in the said vessel.
- the vessel 5 is in communication at the top with the inlet side of a pressure-maintaining valve 6, provided With'an insulatingcover 7.
- the gas Which escapes through this valve expands in a coil 15, also extending from -the top to -the bottom of the vessel 5.
- This expansion produces intense cold, which causes most of the gas to liquefy and pass through the downwardly-extending branch of a three-Way connection 1G and through avalve 8 to a thermally-insulated receptacle 9, where it may be collected.
- the gas which does not liquet'y passes through the other branch of the connection 16 to the compressor through outlet-coils 17, 18, and 19, respectively, arranged in the chambers 4, 3, and 2, leaving the apparatus through the pipe 10.
- the space between the inlet and outlet coils in the chambers 2 3 4 is filled With a material of high thermal conductivity, such as copper or other suitable metal or solid in a subdivided condition, so as to facilitate the transfer of heat between the said coils, or, if desired, a liquid of good thermal conductivity which freezes at a very low temperature, such as a solution of chlorid of calcium in alcohol, can be employed for this purpose.
- a cock can be provided for drawing off the liquid air in the vessel directly.
Description
PATENTED JAN. 13. 1903.
O. JOLY. APPARATUS POR THE LIQUEPAOTION OF AIR 0R OTHER ABRIFORM FLUIDS.
APPLICATION FILED FEB. 17. 1902.
No MODEL'.
nur
"m: Nonms PETERS co.. Fumo-Uma., wAsHmo'ro'N. o. c
UNITED STATES `ATENT OFFICE.
CELESTE JOLY, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF THREE-FOURTHS TO EDWIN JOSEPH RICHARDSON, BOYDELL GRAVES, AND BARNARD ALFRED SPAULL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.
APPARATUS FOR THE LIQUEFACTION 0F AIR 0R OTHER AERIFORM FLUlDS.
SPECIFICATON forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 718,572, dated. January 13, 1903. Application tiled February 17, 1902. Serial No. 94,635. (No model.)
. ing is a specification.
' This invention relates to an improve-: apparatus for the liquefactioaci air-and other aeriform iiuids.
In my improved apparatus cooled compressed gas from a suitable source enters the outer end of an inlet series of coils of pipe arranged in a series of thermally-insulated chambers. The inner coil of the said series extends and opens into the interior of a fluidtight vessel arranged in one of the said insulated chambers. This vessel is in communication at the top with the inlet of a pressuremaintaining valve, the outlet of which communicates with ya coil, which also extends down the said chamber, at the bottom of which it is connected through a three-Way passage with a thermally-insulated liquidfreceptacle and With-the inner end of an outlet series of coils, which extend through the insulated chambers above mentioned. By this means very advantageous results are obtained, the pressure of the compressed gas entering the -inlet-coils being much lower than has been required With the apparatus heretofore knc'vn.
My said invention also conpnses'otheriinprovements hereinafter set iorth.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of an apparatus constructed according to my said invention.
The colnpressed gas, whose heat of compression has already been absorbed, enters the apparatus through a pipe l and is cooled in a coil 11 in a thermally-insulated chamber 2. From the coil 11 the cooled gas passes to -acoil12 in another thermally-insulated chamber 3. From the coil 12 the gas passes on into a coil 13 in a thermally-insulated chamber 4, Where it is still further cooled. From the coil 13 the cold gas passes into the upper .end of a coil 14, which extends from the top to near the bottom of a luid-tight thermallyinsulated vessel 5. The gas liquet'ies in this coil, which is open at its lower end, and passes into the vessel 5. The heat of condensation forces a portion of this liquid to evaporate, thereby augmenting the pressure in the said vessel. The vessel 5 is in communication at the top with the inlet side of a pressure-maintaining valve 6, provided With'an insulatingcover 7. The gas Which escapes through this valve expands in a coil 15, also extending from -the top to -the bottom of the vessel 5. This expansion produces intense cold, which causes most of the gas to liquefy and pass through the downwardly-extending branch of a three-Way connection 1G and through avalve 8 to a thermally-insulated receptacle 9, where it may be collected. The gas which does not liquet'y passes through the other branch of the connection 16 to the compressor through outlet- coils 17, 18, and 19, respectively, arranged in the chambers 4, 3, and 2, leaving the apparatus through the pipe 10. With such an arrangement the liquid is produced at the atmospheric pressure. The space between the inlet and outlet coils in the chambers 2 3 4 is filled With a material of high thermal conductivity, such as copper or other suitable metal or solid in a subdivided condition, so as to facilitate the transfer of heat between the said coils, or, if desired, a liquid of good thermal conductivity which freezes at a very low temperature, such as a solution of chlorid of calcium in alcohol, can be employed for this purpose. If desired, a cock can be provided for drawing off the liquid air in the vessel directly.
Having thus fully described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure b5 Letters Patent, is-
l. The combination, in apparatus for lique. fying air an'd aeriform liuids, ot' thermallyinsulated chambers, inlet-coils of pipe with connections so as to form a continuous series contained in and extending through'saic' insulated chambers, an inner thermally-insulated vessel, a coil of pipe arranged in sai vessel and connected with said series of coils and opening Within said Vessel, a pressure maintaining valve having its inlet side ix communication with the interior of said Vessel, a coil of pipe'connected with the outlet side of said valve and extending through said vessel, a three-way connection at end of lastmentioned coil, a receptacle for the collection of the liquid and a series of outlet-coils of pipe extending through said insulated chambers for the outlet of the cold tf o '..vne'h hasV passed through the valve and which has not been retained in the liquid form,`substan tially as described.
2. The combination, in apparatus for liquefying air and aeriform iiuids, of thermallyinsulated chambers, inlet-coils of pipe with cgnnections so as to form a continuous series contained in and extending through said insulated chambers, an inner thermally-insulated vessel, a coil of pipe arranged in said Vessel and connected with said series of coils and opening within said vessel, a pressuremaintaining valve having its' inlet side in communication with the interior of said vessel, a coil of pipe connected with the outlet side of said valve and extending through said vessel, a three-way connection at the end of the last-mentioned coil, a receptacle for the collection of the liquid, a series of outletcoils of pipe connected at its inner end to said three-way connection and extending through said insulated chambers, and a substance of good thermal conductivity arranged in said insulated chambers between said inlet and outlet coils, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses. I
CELESTE JOLY.
Witnesses:
JOHN T. KNoWLEs, ALEXANDER WILLIAM ALLEN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US9453502A US718572A (en) | 1902-02-17 | 1902-02-17 | Apparatus for the liquefaction of air or other aeriform fluids. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US9453502A US718572A (en) | 1902-02-17 | 1902-02-17 | Apparatus for the liquefaction of air or other aeriform fluids. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US718572A true US718572A (en) | 1903-01-13 |
Family
ID=2787089
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US9453502A Expired - Lifetime US718572A (en) | 1902-02-17 | 1902-02-17 | Apparatus for the liquefaction of air or other aeriform fluids. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US718572A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6681764B1 (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2004-01-27 | Sequal Technologies, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to generate liquid ambulatory oxygen from an oxygen concentrator |
-
1902
- 1902-02-17 US US9453502A patent/US718572A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6681764B1 (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2004-01-27 | Sequal Technologies, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to generate liquid ambulatory oxygen from an oxygen concentrator |
US6698423B1 (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2004-03-02 | Sequal Technologies, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to generate liquid ambulatory oxygen from an oxygen concentrator |
USRE43398E1 (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2012-05-22 | Respironics, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to generate liquid ambulatory oxygen from an oxygen concentrator |
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