US8085042B2 - Method and device for automatic determination of slice positions in an MR examination - Google Patents
Method and device for automatic determination of slice positions in an MR examination Download PDFInfo
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- US8085042B2 US8085042B2 US12/328,885 US32888508A US8085042B2 US 8085042 B2 US8085042 B2 US 8085042B2 US 32888508 A US32888508 A US 32888508A US 8085042 B2 US8085042 B2 US 8085042B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/483—NMR imaging systems with selection of signals or spectra from particular regions of the volume, e.g. in vivo spectroscopy
- G01R33/4833—NMR imaging systems with selection of signals or spectra from particular regions of the volume, e.g. in vivo spectroscopy using spatially selective excitation of the volume of interest, e.g. selecting non-orthogonal or inclined slices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
- G01R33/543—Control of the operation of the MR system, e.g. setting of acquisition parameters prior to or during MR data acquisition, dynamic shimming, use of one or more scout images for scan plane prescription
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a method and a device to automatically determine slice positions for a magnetic resonance (MR) examination.
- MR magnetic resonance
- Slice positions in an MR examination are determined such that a volume that corresponds to a predetermined volume (for example a volume that likewise was measured by a previously conducted MR examination) is measured in a current MR examination. It is also possible to determine the slice positions such that predetermined volume segments (for example lesions detected in a preceding MR examination) are contained as optimally as possible in the determined slices.
- a predetermined volume for example a volume that likewise was measured by a previously conducted MR examination
- predetermined volume segments for example lesions detected in a preceding MR examination
- MR system magnetic resonance system
- These MR examinations can be differentiated with regard to their contrast (for example T1, T2, T2*) and/or with regard to their settings as to slice thickness, slice interval, number of slices, and slice direction.
- volume segments for example one or more lesions
- additional MR examination it is likewise possible only to set the corresponding parameters for the additional MR examination manually, such that this/these volume segment(s) lie(s) as well as possible within the volume which is then measured by the additional MR examination.
- An object of the present invention is to overcome the problems outlined above such that a coverage of the predetermined volume segment, or of at least one predetermined volume segment, no longer depends so significantly on the capabilities of the operator operating the MR system, as according to the prior art.
- a method for automatic determination of slice positions given an MR examination in an MR system is provided by the present invention.
- a volume to be measured by the MR examination is thereby predetermined.
- the MR examination is subsequently automatically planned such that at least one of the following parameters
- At least one of the aforementioned parameters is adapted such that the planned MR examination measures a volume which corresponds to the predetermined volume.
- the remaining parameter for example the slice interval or the number of slices
- the remaining parameter is automatically adapted such that the extent in the slice direction of the planned MR examination is (essentially) equal to the predetermined volume.
- all parameters are automatically adapted or, respectively, determined so that the planned MR examination measures the predetermined volume.
- this volume can now be determined such that a volume region of interest (for example a specific organ) lies within this volume, or such that the predetermined volume corresponds to the volume region.
- a volume region of interest for example a specific organ
- the predetermined volume is selected such that specific volume segments which were acquired in a previous MR examination are contained in this predetermined volume, it is advantageously ensured that these volume segments also lie in the volume measured by the planned MR examination.
- a slice table with regard to the planned MR examination can advantageously be output.
- This slice table contains a position and an alignment for every slice of the planned MR examination.
- the slice table can naturally also globally contain this slice direction just once and then specify only the respective position for each slice of the planned MR examination.
- An operator of the associated MR system receives information about the planned MR examination by means of the slice table, depending on this information, can make changes as necessary to the planned MR examination or, respectively, to a protocol for the planned MR examination.
- At least one of the following parameters can be adopted from a previously conducted MR examination:
- the predetermined volume is adopted from a previously conducted MR examination, according to the invention it is ensured that an MR examination following this already-conducted MR examination also measures the same volume.
- the predetermined volume is calculated dependent on the slice interval, the slice thickness and the number of slices of the previously conducted MR examination. The extent of the predetermined volume in the slice direction is thereby calculated via the following Equation (1).
- an extent in the slice direction (known from a previously conducted MR examination) can thereby be transferred as a normalizing variable to a measurement protocol of the further MR examination to be planned.
- the slice interval can then be varied, wherein the slice thickness and the slice direction are adopted from the previously conducted MR examination and the number of slices is correspondingly adapted.
- the slice thickness is also changed. In spite of this, it is ensured that a coverage or, respectively, a volume measured by the further MR examination is essentially equal to the coverage of the previously conducted MR examination (thus equal to the volume measured by the previously conducted MR examination).
- the desired coverage range in the slice direction can accordingly be defined or, respectively, predetermined as fixed, such that—in spite of a change of number of slices, slice interval and slice thickness—this coverage region is covered or measured by the planned MR examination.
- the predetermined volume from the previously conducted MR examination is calculated and the slice direction is adopted from the previously conducted MR examination.
- the parameters slice thickness, slice interval and number of slices are then correspondingly adapted or, respectively, determined so that the volume to be measured by the planned MR examination corresponds to the predetermined volume derived from the previously implemented MR examination.
- At least one volume segment can be predetermined for the planned MR examination.
- the parameters slice direction, slice interval, slice thickness and number of slices are then determined for the planned MR examination such that each of the at least one volume segments lies in at least one slice of the planned MR examination.
- each of the at least one volume segments lies in at least one slice of the planned MR examination means “that, if the at least one volume segment is one volume segments, this volume segment lies in at least one slice of the planned MR examination, and if the at least one volume segment consists of multiple volume segments, each of these volume segments lies in at least one slice of the planned MR examination.”
- the planned MR examination measures the predetermined volume, and it is ensured that specific volume segments which have stood out in a previously conducted MR examination are contained in the slices of the planned MR examination.
- the at least one volume segment can be determined by an operator of the MR system in MR images which were generated by a previously conducted MR examination.
- volume segments of interest for example lesions which stood out in MR images from a previously conducted MR examination and therefore have been marked
- the slices of the planned MR examination are automatically determined such that each of the at least one volume segments lies in at least one of the slices of the planned MR examination.
- the slice direction such that as many volume segments as possible are contained in the single slice. For example, if four lesions should be contained as predetermined lesions in the slices of the planned MR examination, and if it is possible that two of these lesions are respectively contained in the same slice in a predetermined slice direction, in an embodiment of Variant 3 according to the invention the slice direction would be selected this way.
- the slice direction of the planned MR examination in Variant 1 significantly corresponds to the slice direction of the previously conducted MR examination.
- the slice direction of the planned MR examination then lies essentially perpendicular to the slice direction of the previously implemented MR examination, and in Variant 3 the slice direction of the planned MR examination is essentially independent of the slice direction of the previously conducted MR examination.
- Possibility 1 described above in particular the slice thickness and the number of slices is predetermined, while in Possibility 2 in particular the slice interval and the slice thickness are predetermined, and in Possibility 3 in particular the slice interval and the number of slices are predetermined.
- two parameters from slice interval, slice thickness and number of slices are thus known in addition to the predetermined volume, and the respective missing parameter is determined such that the volume measured by the planned MR examination corresponds to the predetermined volume.
- the slices of the planned MR examination are determined such that multiple concrete slice groups or, respectively, slice groups separate from one another are generated. Each of these slice groups thereby consists of at least one slice planned for the MR examination.
- the slice or the slices of each discrete slice group is measured as a block or as a conjunction [combination; correlation].
- the slices of the planned MR examination are divided into multiple slice groups according to specific criteria such that a slice is located in only one slice group.
- the same slice direction and the same slice interval apply for the slice or the slices of the respective slice group.
- the slice interval naturally only makes sense when the corresponding group is composed of multiple slices.
- the slices of the same slice group are characterized in that these slices exhibit the same slice interval and the same slice direction.
- the slice interval and the slice direction which apply for the one slice group thereby normally differ from the slice interval and the slice direction of another slice group of the MR examination, which is why it is also advantageous that the slices of one group are measured as a block or as a conjunction, since the settings at the MR system must normally be changed less between two slices of the same group than between two slices of different groups.
- the groups of an MR examination can also be distributed such that their distribution corresponds to the distribution of the predetermined volume segments, i.e. for example the distribution of the previously found lesions. For example, if lesions were found in multiple regions, a group can then be associated with each lesion, wherein the slices of the respective group are then determined such that each lesion is contained in one slice in the corresponding region. No groups and thus no slices are then advantageously associated with regions in which no lesions were detected, so the time to implement the planned MR examination can be decreased.
- the planned MR examination determines multiple slice groups, wherein the slice interval and the slice tilt or the slice direction is/are adapted for each slice group such that lesions in a region associated with the slice group are covered as optimally as possible by the slices of this slice group.
- a slice direction of a first group which follows a second group (in terms of measurement) thereby normally deviates only slightly (less than 10°) from a slice direction of the second group.
- a further method embodiment for automatic determination of slice positions is also provided in an MR examination in an MR system.
- At least one volume segment is predetermined in this method embodiment.
- Multiple slices for the MR examination are automatically determined depending on this at least one volume segment, such that each of the at least one volume segment is contained in at least one of these slices of the planned MR examination.
- This method embodiment according to the invention also solves the two problems that exist in advance from the prior art. If a volume region of interest (for example an organ) is set equal to the at least one predetermined volume segment, it is ensured that this volume region is measured by the planned MR examination. Since the method according to the invention ensures that each predetermined volume segment image storage system contained in at least one slice of the planned MR examination, the second problem listed above according to the prior art is solved [sic] that, for example, volume segments (for example lesions) that stood out before during a previously conducted MR examination are contained in the slices of the planned MR examination.
- the slices of the planned MR examination can also be determined such that a slice quantity between the at least one volume segment and the slices is as large as possible or, respectively, is (essentially) maximal.
- the slices of the planned MR examination are determined such that the predetermined volume segment or segments optimally is/are entirely within the slices. If a predetermined volume segment would thus be fitted (in terms of its dimensions) into a slice of the planned MR examination, one of the slices of the planned MR examination is also determined such that the predetermined volume segment lies entirely in this slice.
- a predetermined volume segment exhibits such dimensions that it cannot be contained in only one of the slices of the planned MR examination (for example since its dimensions in the slice direction are provided such that they are greater than a maximum slice thickness)
- the slice interval between slices which exhibit a slice quantity with this predetermined volume segment is set to a minimum possible value.
- a volume is predetermined and the slices of the planned MR examination are determined such that it is ensured that the slices measure the predetermined volume.
- one or more volume segments are predetermined, and the slices of the planned MR examination are determined such that it is ensured that each of the volume segments lies in at least one of the slices.
- the MR examination can be conducted via 2D measurements or via 3D measurements both in the first method according to the invention and in the second method according to the invention.
- 3D measurements one normally doesn't speak of slices but rather of blocks, such that given a 3D measurement the slice thickness corresponds to a block thickness, the slice interval corresponds to a block interval between two adjacent blocks and the number of slices corresponds to a number of blocks.
- the slice direction corresponds to a direction in which the blocks are measured so that this direction is perpendicular to the respective measured block and points in the direction of the next block to be measured.
- a device for an MR system for automatic determination of slice positions in an MR examination.
- the device includes an input unit and a computer.
- the device is designed such that the device a volume which is to be measured by the MR examination can be predetermined via the input unit.
- the device adapts at least one parameter (from slice direction, slice interval, slice thickness and number of slices) with regard to the planned MR examination such that the MR examination measures the predetermined volume or an extent of in the slice direction corresponds to the predetermined volume.
- an additional device for an MR system for automatic determination of slice positions in an MR examination.
- This device also comprises an input unit and a computer.
- One or more volume segments can be predetermined by the device via the input unit.
- the device determines subsequent slice positions of multiple slices for the planned MR examination such that the one volume segment or each of the multiple volume segments is contained in at least one of the slices for the planned MR examination.
- a magnetic resonance system is also provided that embodies at least one of the devices described above.
- the present invention encompasses a computer-readable medium can be loaded into a memory of a programmable controller of a magnetic resonance system, that is encoded with programming instructions to implement any and all embodiments of the method described above.
- the present invention can at least simplifies the problem of the nearly exactly equal volume coverage in multiple MR examinations with different slice and slice interval settings with complementary contrasts (for example T1, T2, T2*). Moreover, the problem of the slice-exact encompassing of multiple lesions is solved by the present invention. Even given orthogonal slice directions (i.e. the slice directions of a previous MR examination and a following MR examination based on the results of the previous MR examination are perpendicular to one another), multiple lesions are fitted into respective slices of the following MR examination, such that no danger exists that a finding (for example a lesion) will be overlooked in measurements with a slice gap, whereby the error rate is lowered.
- orthogonal slice directions i.e. the slice directions of a previous MR examination and a following MR examination based on the results of the previous MR examination are perpendicular to one another
- multiple lesions are fitted into respective slices of the following MR examination, such that no danger exists that a finding (for example a lesion) will be
- the slices of an MR examination to be planned are determined such that lesions are respectively contained in at least one of these slices, the partial volume effect (in a volume element, for example, multiple tissue types are shown due too-low resolution) is reduced even given orthogonal slice direction and given manually selected target lesions.
- the present invention is advantageously suited for a use in magnetic resonance systems in order to traverse [ twist messenger: measure through?] a volume traversed by a previously conducted MR examination again with an additional MR examination, or in order to ensure that specific volume segments which were covered in MR images of a previously conducted MR examination are also contained in MR images or slices of an additional MR examination.
- the present invention is not limited to this preferred application scope; rather, it can also be used when a volume predetermined by an arbitrary point should be measured by an MR examination, or when slices of a planned MR examination should be determined such that specific predetermined volume segments are contained in these slices.
- FIGS. 1 a and 1 b respectively illustrate two MR examinations of the same volume.
- FIGS. 2 a , 2 b , 2 c , and 2 d respectively illustrate two slices of each of two MR examinations.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrate, a magnetic resonance system according to the invention.
- An MR system 5 is schematically presented in FIG. 3 .
- This MR system has a basic field magnet 14 to generate a polarization field B 0 , wherein an examination person is arranged on a bed 13 .
- the magnetization generated in a volume 10 of the examination person can be excited with a radio-frequency pulse via an RF arrangement (not shown).
- RF arrangement not shown.
- FIG. 1 a A volume 10 ′ which was measured with 20 slices by a first MR examination is shown in FIG. 1 a , wherein each slice exhibits a slice thickness of 3 mm, and a slice interval or a slice gap between two adjacent slices is respectively 0.3 mm.
- the parameters number of slices, slice thickness and slice interval are now determined by a second MR examination such that, given the same slice direction, the second MR examination measures the volume 10 which corresponds to the volume 10 ′ ( FIG. 1 b ).
- the slice thickness is determined with 2 mm, the slice interval with 0.2 mm and the number of slices with 30.
- the extent in the slice direction does not need to exactly coincide with the predetermined volume. It is sufficient when, given a constant slice thickness and a constant slice interval, the coverage of the slices in the slice direction is greater than or equal to a difference from a corresponding length of the predetermined volume in the slice direction and the constant slice interval.
- a first slice 11 ′ of a first MR examination is shown in FIG. 2 a and a second slice 12 ′ of this first MR examination is shown in FIG. 2 c .
- the slice direction is thereby transverse, i.e. the two shown slices 11 ′, 12 ′ are parallel to the floor. It is recognized that a first lesion 1 is imaged in the first slice 11 ′ and a second lesion 2 is imaged in the second slice 12 ′.
- these two lesions 1 , 2 are now marked by a physician who analyzes the MR images generated image acquisition the first MR examination.
- a second MR examination with a coronary slice direction should now be planned starting from these two lesions 1 , 2 or these two volume segments 1 , 2 , such that it is ensured that both the first lesion 1 and the second lesion 2 are respectively contained in a slice 11 , 12 of the second MR examination.
- the parameters slice interval, slice thickness and number of slices for the second MR examination are now determined such that both the first lesion 1 and the second lesion 2 lie at least in one slice 11 , 12 of the second MR examination.
- the magnetic resonance system 5 according to the invention that is schematically presented in FIG. 3 has a device 8 according to the invention for automatic determination of slice positions in an MR examination.
- the device 8 according to the invention for its part comprises an input unit 4 with a display unit 3 , an output unit 6 and a computer 7 .
- a volume 10 ′ from which data are to be acquired in an MR examination to be planned by means of the device 8 can be predetermined via the input unit 4 of the device 8 .
- the device 8 can be used to predetermine specific volume segments 1 , 2 via the input unit 4 , which volume segments 1 , 2 must be respectively contained in at least one slice 11 , 12 of the MR examination to be planned by means of the processor 8 .
- volume segments 1 , 2 can ensue such that MR images of a previously conducted MR examination are displayed on the display unit 3 , and the volume segments 1 , 2 (which can correspond to lesions) are marked in these MR images, for example with a computer mouse.
- the slice positions of the slices of the MR examination to be planned are then determined in the computer 7 . Additional specific parameters such as slice thickness, slice interval and number of slices can thereby be predetermined via the input unit 4 for the MR examination to be planned, wherein it must naturally be taken into account that the method according to the invention is more limited the more parameters that are predetermined.
- the computer 7 calculates the slice positions of the slices 11 , 12 of the MR examination to be planned as follows for the three alternatives indicated above:
Abstract
Description
-
- a slice direction
- A direction in which the slices of the MR examination are measured; the slice direction is perpendicular to the respective measured slice.
- a slice interval
- An interval between two adjacent slices.
- a slice thickness
- A thickness of the respective slice in the slice direction.
- a number of slices
- A number of the slices measured for the respective MR examination.
is adapted such that a volume or, respectively, an extent in the slice direction of the MR examination that is measured by the planned MR examination corresponds to the predetermined volume.
-
- the slice direction,
- the slice interval,
- the slice thickness,
- the number of slices, and
- the predetermined volume.
-
- 1. The slice direction of the planned MR examination significantly corresponds to a predetermined slice direction.
- 2. The slice direction of the planned MR examination lies essentially perpendicular to a predetermined slice direction.
- 3. The slice direction of the planned MR examination forms an arbitrary angle relative to a predetermined slice direction.
-
- 1. The slice interval between two slices is automatically adapted.
- 2. The number of slices is automatically adapted.
- 3. The slice thickness is automatically adapted.
-
- 1. specification of a
volume 10′ - 2. specification of
volume segments - 3. specification both of a
volume 10′ and ofvolume segments
- 1. specification of a
-
- 1. The slices of the planned MR examination cover the predetermined volume.
- 2. Each of the
volume segments slice - 3. The slices of the planned MR examination cover the
predetermined volume 10′, and each of thevolume segments slices
Claims (17)
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DE102007058682 | 2007-12-06 | ||
DE102007058682.7A DE102007058682B4 (en) | 2007-12-06 | 2007-12-06 | Method and device for automatic determination of slice positions in an MR examination |
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US8085042B2 true US8085042B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 |
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Cited By (2)
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US20100237863A1 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-09-23 | Alto Stemmer | Method and device for controlling acquisition of magnetic resonance data in a magnetic resonance apparatus |
US20120025824A1 (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2012-02-02 | Martin Harder | Method and magnetic resonance system to generate magnetic resonance images |
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DE102007058682B4 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2018-02-08 | Siemens Healthcare Gmbh | Method and device for automatic determination of slice positions in an MR examination |
DE102009031164B4 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2013-11-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Automatic layer layer positioning for MR angiography measurements |
CN102379698A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-03-21 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Method and system for measuring ultrasonic penetration depth |
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US8604786B2 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2013-12-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for controlling acquisition of magnetic resonance data in a magnetic resonance apparatus |
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US20090146659A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
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