US854391A - Structural i-beam. - Google Patents

Description

RATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

H. F. VOSHARDT.

STRUCTURAL I-BEAM.

APPLIOATION FILED DEO.7.1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

13208725 07. W f 1767 aiz Jhzwiz.

PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

H. F. VOSHARDT.

STRUCTURAL I-BEAM.

APIPLIOATION FILED DBO. 7.1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- 172067221 07". I Jf zzzmf ariz UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMAN F. \"OSIIARDT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO IRVING \Y. KELLEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STRUCTURAL II-BEAM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 21, 1907.

Application filed December 7, 1906. Serial No. 346,711.

1".) (11/ "'71 0111- it IIIH-II/ concern:

Be it known that I, IIERMAN F. VQSHARIYI, a citizen of thel nitcd States, residing at Chicago. in the county of Cook and State of Illinois. have invented new and useful Improvements in Structural I-Beams, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part thereof.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal I-beam for structural purposes which is of such character that it may be formed of sheet metal by known methods of sheetmetal working, but which is not'limited to the use of metal of such gage as to be commonly termed sheet metal, but may be applied'to metal plates of such thickness as to require the metal to be worked hot, and by such means as are suitable for such working.

It consists in the features and elements of construction indicated in the descri tion and claims and shown in the drawings or effecting suitable rigidity and resistance to compressiou, particularly in the web and consequently in the head and foot elements and at the angles of junction of such elements with the web.

In the drawings z-Figures 1, 2 3 and 4 are perspective views of portions of I-beams embodying my invention in different forms, in all of which the I-beam has its web and head and foot elements all formed integrall Fig. 5 is a similar view of a modification m which the I-beam is formed of two members, each of which comprises a portion of the web and a portion of each head and foot element, the web being double. Fi s. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are similar views in which the ead and foot elements are formed of parts separate from the web elements, said several views having dctail differences from each other, each representing a different modification in respect to details. Fig. 10 is a similar view showing the two end portions of a beam of the form shown in Fig. 6 reinforced by extra plates applied to the web at the end portion to withstand the compression at the lodged portion of the beam. Fig. 1 1 is a detail section at the line 11-11 on Fig. 8.

In all the forms of I-beams constitutin this invention as shown, the web or verticaj element is transversely,that is, vertically, corrugated in order to stiffen it in vertical plane. In the form shown in Figs. 1, 2 I 3 and 4 the beam is made of a single piece of metal, which is corrugated, as described, at the middle portion of its width for the vertical web, A, the lateral marginal portion being folded differently in different forms represented by the different viewsto form the head and foot elements, and C.

In the form represented in Fi 1, the marginal portion at each side is fol ed back and forth upon itself in successively wider and wider folds, 2, 2 2", 2, 2 and 2 so that when the poles are compressed into contact successively with each other, as represented in said Fig. 1, there is formed a substantially solid flange tapering in thickness from the plane of the web, A, outward to the ed" e. The corrugations, 1, in the web, A, in t 's form die away in the first and shortest fold, 2, and to the extent, therefore, of their amplitude, they brace the junction of the web, A, on the head and flange elements, B and ,C. In the case of the headelement, B, the last fold at each side is made of extra width and the two plies of the metal forming each of these two folds are folded together to form flanges, B B, projecting upwardly from the head element rendering. it upwardl channeled,'and a wood filler, 3, is lodge in this channel filling its width so that the flanges, B ma be bound against the two lateral edges 0 the filler, as by bolts or nails, 4. The pur ose of the filler is not only to add to the rigi ity of the head element, but especially to afford means for nailing floors to I-beams of this construction.

'In the form shown in Fig. 2, the middle portion of the width is corrugated, as in the preceding form, to constitute the web, A, of the beam, and the lateral marginal portions are folded in triangular form, as represented, so as to produce by a different means from that shown in the preceding figure a similar result, in that the head and foot elements, B and C, of the beam taper from the web, A, to the full width of said head and foot elements. In this form, the corrugations, 1, of the web extend past the angle, 6, of divergence of the triangular head and foot elements from the vertical web portion and die away only at the angles, 5*, 5*, between the diverging sides, 5, 5, with the horizontal lower sides, 7, respectively. This construction involves corrugating the marginal portions, 8, 8, of the sheet which form the finishing sides of the triangular head and foot elements, and are lapped on to the vertical corrugated web portion and secured thereto by bolts or rivets, 9 A slight modification of this form consists in extending the corrugated por' tions, 8, as shown in Fig. 3, so that they cover the entire corrugated web, A, and are lapped upon each other and are secured together and to the web by the bolts or rivets, 9". Or, in lieu of thus lapping them and as another means of obtaining the double-ply corrugated web, the edges of the sheet may be lapped at the horizontal bottom side, 7, of the triangular foot element, 0, as seen in Fig. 4. In this form, the stri of sheet metal is corrugated at two parallel portions, 8*, of its area which are not marginalbut are substantially similarly situated respect to the two lateral edges, an uncorrugated area being left between these two zones sufficient to form the head element, B, and the two mar- 'inal portions, 8", being left uncorrugated to form the lapping portions of the foot element and to extend around the angles of said triangular foot element to the sloping sides in which the corrugations disap ear. I-beams of this form, when designed or construction in which floors are to be secured thereto, may have the head element formed with the flanges, B B of Fig. 1. Both head and foot elements, however, may be formed alike and may be of either of the forms shown at I the head and foot respectively in Fig. 2.

A modification which results in substan tially the same form as that shown in Fig. 3, with the head and foot elements both provided with a channel seat for a filler, 3, is

shown in Fig. 5, in which, however, the metal consists of two parts, 9, 9, each of which has the vertical corrugated web, A, and one-half of each of the head and foot elements, B and C, the two parts being secured together face to face to constitute the entire beam ready for the fillers. In this construction, however, the channels for the fillers are not fully bottomed by metal extending across them, as in the form shown in Fig. 3, but shoulders, 9, are formed between the ends of the corrugations andthe flanges, B for seating the fillers which are secured by nails or bolts to said flanges and thereby bind together the two metal elements constituting the I-beam. In this form, and if preferred, in the form shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the two elements are assembled with their respective corrugations opposed to each other, so that said elements are in contact and may be riveted together between the corrugations.

In the form shown in Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9, the vertical web which is corrugated is not formed in one piece with the head and foot. The latter elements may be made in various ways in different situations, or as a matter of preference or economy. In Figs. 6 and 7 they are shown in triangular form similar to Figs. 2 and 3. The foot member, C, is folded in triangular form from a metal strip of which the middle portion, 10, of the width constitutes the bottom face of the foot element of the I-beam, two lateral portions constituting the sloping sides, 10, of said triangular foot, marginal strips, 10", at the two edges being bent so as to project in a plane at right angles to the said horizontal face. The vertical web element of the beam in this form has the uncorrugated marginal portion which is to be united with the foot clement formed for that purpose by bending at right an les at a distance from the edge equal to haf the width of the horizontal face of the base element, so that a foot, 11, is formed to lodge upon the inner side of said face and extend to one of the lateral angles, as seen in Fig. 6. The head element, B, of this form of beam is made of a strip of metal which is folded upon itself at parallel lines, 12, 12, at equal distances from two lateral edges, the two plies of metal formed by the fold being then both folded in the same direction at right angles to the sheet to form the two flanges, B of the channel seat of the filler, 3, both marginal portions being then folded at the same line inwardly toward each other to form the oblique sides, 12*, of the triangular head and being each again folded to form the marginal strips, 12*, between which the vertical web is embraced. This web is folded at this upper marginal portion so as to form a lip, 11, which is engaged in the fold of one of the flanges, 13, extending to the bottom of that fold under the channel seat from the middle point at which it is folded at right angles to the web to form the bearing against the under side of the channelseat.

In the form shown in Fig. 7, the web, A, is double; that is, formed of two plates of identical configuration, placed face to face, with their corrugations opposed, and a flat plate, D, between them. Each of the elements of this double web has its margins folded at right angles and seated withinthe triangular head and foot pieces in the same manner as the foot of the web in the form shown in Fig. 5 is seated in the foot piece.

In the form shown in Fig. 8, the vertical web, A, is corrugated nearly to its lateral edges, marginal strips, 14, only, remaining uncorrugated which are embraced between the folds of the head and foot elements respectively, as hereinafter described. The foot element in this form is made of a single piece of sheet metal which is folded to a form in which cross section is of an inverted T- shape, with the stem of the T, 15, double or bifurcated and embracing in its bifurcation the lower margin, 14, of the web, A, as stated. The head element is similarly formed, except that marginal portions of the sheet are folded upward at the lateral edges of the flanges corresponding to the cross of the T to make the side flanges, B, of the channel seat for the filler, 3, as in the other forms. The bifurcation of the portion corresponding to the stern of the T in both the head and foot elements is produced by folding the metal at longitudinal line, 16;

and apertures, 16, are formed at intervals in the length of this fold which receive lugs,

- curely connected by the engagement of the lugs in the apertures.

In Fig. 9, thevertical web is shown constructed of two corrugated elements and two intermediate uncorrugated sheets, D, D, as in Fig. 7. The foot element is substantially the same form as in Fig. 8, except that the bifurcation in the stem of the T is wider in order to accommodate the greater thickness of the vertical web formed of-the two corrugated and intermediate plain sheets, as de scribed. In this form, the head element is made by folding a sheet of metal at two parallel lines equally distant from'the lateral edges respectively, said folds, 20, forming the upper margins of the flanges, B of the channel seat for the filler, 3, both plies being folded at right angles to upturn said flanges to form the channel, and the marginal p'ortions at both edges being reflexed at right angles to embrace the upper end of the threeply web, A. r

In any of these forms, the end portions of the beams may be reinforced to increase their resistance to compression for so much of their length as is lodged upon the supports. This is most conveniently effected by applying a strip, 19, corrugated to match the corrugations of the web extending from top to bottom of the web so as to be exposed in the line of compression transmitted by the head and foot elements of the beam.

I. claim 1. A metal I-beam for building structures having its web corrugated vertically and having the head element rigid with the vertical corrugated web and folded at parallel longitudinal lines to form the lateral flanges of an upwardly open channel seat adapted to receive a filler.

2. A metal I-beam for building structures having its web corrugated vertically and having the head element rigid with the ver-. tical corrugated web and folded at parallel longitudinal lines to form the lateral flanges of an upwardly open channel seat, and a wood filler lodged in such channel seat and having said flanges bound against its lateral edges.

3; A metal I-beam for structural purposes having its web comprising two transversely or vertically corrugated plies of sheet metal with their respective corrugations opposed to each other and secured together at the intervals or depressions between such opposed corrugatlons.

4. A metal I-beam for structural purposes formed of sheet metal corrugated transversely at aportion which forms the vertical web of the I-beam and having the portions which constitute the head and foot flanges, respectively, each folded upon itself and lapped on to the corrugated portion of the web and corrugated at such lapped portion.

5'. A metal I-beam for structural purposes formed of sheet metal corrugated transversely at a portion which constitutes the vertical web of the I-beam, such vertical web consisting of two plies of such corrugated metal having theirrespective corrugations opposed to each other and fastened together at the lines between such corrugations.

6. A metal Ibea.n for structural purposes formed of sheet metal, the portion which constitutes the vertical web of the I-beam consisting of two plies of one piece of sheet metal having two corrugated areas and folded upon itself to oppose said areas to each other, corrugation to corrugation, and secured together at the lines between such corrugations.

7. A metal I-beam for structuralpurposes formed of sheet metal, the vertical web portion of the I-beam consisting of two plies of metal vertically cdrrugated and applied to each other with their corrugations respectively opposed, and a third ply of uncorrugated metal interposed between the two corrugated elements, the three plies being secured together at the lines between the corrugations.

8. A metal I-beam for structural purposes having a vertical web formed of two plies of a single piece of sheet metal transversely corrugated at two parallel areas and folded to oppose such two areas to each other, corrugation to corrugation, the marginal portions of the metal sheet being folded and lapped to form one of the flanges of the I-beam, and the area intermediate the corrugated areas being folded to form the opposite flanges of the beam.

9. A metal K-beam for structural purposes formed of a single piece of metal corrugated transversely at a portion intermediate its edges and having the marginal uncorrugated portions folded to form the head and foot flanges of the I-beam.

10. A metal I-beam for structural pur-' poses formed of a single piece of sheet metal corrugated transversely at the portion which constitutes the web of the I-beam; a mar ginal portion which forms the head element of the beam being folded to form the side flanges of the upwardly open channel, and a wood tiller lodged in such channel and having the flanges bound against its side edges.

11. A metal I-beam for structural pur poses formed of a single piece of sheet metal corrugated transversely at an intermediate portion of its width to form the web of the I- bcam and having the portion which forms the head and foot flanges folded upon itself and lapped on to the corrugated portion of the web and corrugated at such lapped area.

12. A metal I-beam for structural purposes consisting of a single piece of sheet metal corrugated at the middle portion of the width to form the web of the I-beam, and having eachlateral marginal portion folded to form a triangular element, one side of the triangle being at right angles to the web, and the lateral edge of the sheet being lapped on and secured to theweb.

13. A metal I-beam for structural purposes consisting of a single piece of sheet metal corrugated at the middle portion of the width to formthe Web of the K-beam, and having each lateral irarginal portion folded to forma triangular element, one side of the triangle being at right angles to the web, and the lateral edge of the sheet being lapped on and secured to the corrugated web and corrugated at such lapped area.

'14. A metal I-beam for structural purposes consisting of a single piece of sheet metal corrugated at the middle portion of the width to form the web of the I-bea1n, and having each lateral marginal portion folded, to form a triangular element, one side of the triangle being at right angles to the web, and the lateral edge of the sheet being lapped on and secured to the corrugated Web, and corrugations being extended into the two side elements of the triangles which divergefrom the web and disappearing in said elements.

15. A metal I-beam for structural purposes consisting of a single piece of sheet metal corrugated transversely at the middle portion of its width, and having each marginal portion, outside the corrugated area flexed and refiexed upon itself in successively Wider folds to form the head and foot flange elements of the I-beam.

16. A sheet metal I-bcam for structural purposes consisting of a single piece of sheet metal corrugated transversely at a middle portion of its width, and having each marginal portion outside said corrugated area flexed and refieXed upon itself in successively wider and Wider folds to form the head and foot flange elements of the I-beam, the metal at one lateral margin having the two plies of the metal formed by the last two foldsf-one at each side,'folded into parallel positions to form a channel upon the top of the head flange of the I-beam.

17. A metal I-beam for structural purposes comprising a transversely or vertically corrugated web and head and foot elements formed of sheet metal folded to embrace the upper and lower marginal portions of the web beyond the corrugated area of the latter.

18. A metal I-beam for structural purposes consisting of a web element which is vertically or transversely corrugated at the middle portion of its width, and which has its oppositc lateral marginal portions beyond the corrugated area folded at right angles to oll'- set them in opposite directions, and head and foot elcnunts folded in triangular form, the marginal portions of such elements meeting at one angle/of the triangle being extended at right angles to the opposite side and embracing the web, the right-angularly-ofl'set marginal portions of the web being seated on said opposite side of said triangular head and foot elements.

19. A metal I-beam for structural purposes having its Web consisting of two layers of sheet metal vertically corrugated, with their respective corrugations directly opposed to each other and secured together at the depressions 0r intervals between such opposed corrugations, said elements being divergent from each other at the upper and lower margins of the Web, and being folded beyond the corrugated area to form channel seats, and wood fillers lodged in such channel seats and having the marginal flanges thereof bound securely against their lateral edges.

20. A metal I-beam'for structural purposes having its web consisting of sheet metal corrugated transversely, and head and foot elements consisting of sheet metal folded upon. itself for reinforcement to the end portions of the beam, having corrugated reinforcing plates applied and secured to the corrugated Web With the corrugations of said Web and re infor'cing plates nested in each other.

21. A metal I-beam for structural purposes having its vertical web transversely or vertically corrugated and its flanges, or either of them, formed of the sheet metal folded to embrace the margin beyond the corrugated area of the web, and having at the fold apertures at intervals in the length, the web elements having lugs projecting from its edge which is embraced in such fold, in position to extend through the apertures, such lugs being folded down outside said fold which embraces the Web, the flange element being reflexed upon itself outside said folded lugs to embrace the latter and further folded to form outwardly extending flange elements of the I-beam. i

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set 'my hand at Chicago, Illinois, this 28th day of November, A. D. 1906.

HERMAN F. VOSHARDT. lVitnesses:

' JOHN A. MILIG GEO. MYNOHENBERG.

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