US8844225B2 - Safety surfacing tile support - Google Patents
Safety surfacing tile support Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8844225B2 US8844225B2 US13/006,930 US201113006930A US8844225B2 US 8844225 B2 US8844225 B2 US 8844225B2 US 201113006930 A US201113006930 A US 201113006930A US 8844225 B2 US8844225 B2 US 8844225B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tile
- voids
- members
- surfacing
- safety
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active, expires
Links
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/005—Individual couplings or spacer elements for joining the prefabricated units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02172—Floor elements with an anti-skid main surface, other than with grooves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/12—Paving elements vertically interlocking
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0517—U- or C-shaped brackets and clamps
Definitions
- the present disclosure is generally related to impact absorbing protective surfaces.
- cushioned surface overlying a hard surface such as the ground or a hard floor
- cushioned surfaces have been used for floor coverings in indoor facilities, such as gymnasiums, industrial warehouses, nursing homes, hospitals, and rehabilitation centers, and with outdoor athletic and recreational areas such as children's playgrounds.
- a safety surfacing tile comprises a top surface; a plurality of series of first members supporting the top surface and extending across a transverse length of the safety surfacing tile, a first member being separated from an adjacent first member by a predetermined distance, the plurality of series of first members contacting an underlying surface when the safety surfacing tile is positioned on the underlying surface; a plurality of series of second members supporting the top surface and extending across a length of the safety surfacing tile perpendicular to the transverse length, the plurality of series of the second members contacting the underlying surface when the safety surfacing tile is positioned on the underlying surface, the plurality of series of second members connecting with the plurality of rows of horizontal members; and a grid of voids formed by the connecting first and second members on an underside of the top surface, wherein the grid of voids absorbs impact energy from an object impacting the top surface.
- the grid of voids comprise at least a first plurality of voids having shape defined by a first polygon base situated next to the underlying surface and a second polygon base parallel to the first polygon base that is situated next to the surfacing tile, the first polygon base joined with the second polygon base by first and second curved side surfaces, wherein a width of the first polygon base is wider than the width of the second polygon base.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of one embodiment, among others, of the safety surfacing tile or mat from a top-view.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a side view of the safety surfacing tile of FIG. 1 .
- FIGS. 3-4 are diagrams showing a process of interlocking safety surfacing tiles, such as the safety surfacing tile of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a bottom view of the safety surfacing tile of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 6 is a diagram depicting a grid of voids from bottom of the safety surfacing tile of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 7 are diagrams depicting an embodiment of a lock support member that may be used with the surfacing tile of FIG. 1 .
- FIGS. 8-10 are diagrams showing embodiments of a process of attaching the lock support member of FIG. 7 to the surfacing tile of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of one embodiment, among others, of the safety surfacing tile or mat 100 from a top-view. Dimensions of the safety surfacing tile have a width W and a length L. The top surface 110 of the safety surfacing tile 100 has a flat surface.
- locking member or mechanism 105 having interlocking tabs 120 , 130 , 140 , 150 is shown.
- Two adjacent tabs 120 , 130 at the top surface 110 extend away from a side of the top surface 110 and have a portion or groove 125 , 135 extending the length of the side and also extending downwards towards the bottom of the tile 100 .
- Two opposing adjacent tabs 140 , 150 extend from the bottom surface of the tile 100 the length of a respective side and have a portion or groove 145 , 155 extending upwards towards the top of the tile 100 .
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of the safety surfacing tile 100 from a side view showing the interlocking tab 130 of FIG. 1 extending downward and the interlocking tab 150 of FIG. 1 extending upward.
- the safety surfacing tile has a thickness T.
- support members 210 which help provide structural integrity to the safety surfacing tile 100 as potential forces are applied downward from the top surface and from the side from adjacent interlocked tiles 100 .
- a plurality of voids 220 are shown underneath the tile 100 . It is noted that as thickness of the tile T increases, in some embodiments, the shape of the void 220 may become more round and less flat since the depth or height of the void increases.
- a first safety surfacing tile 1 may be positioned on a floor or underlying surface and a second safety surfacing tile 2 may be placed to interlock with the first tile 1 by aligning a tab 140 of the first safety surfacing tile that extends upward with a tab 120 of the a second safety surfacing tile 2 that extends downwards such that the cooperating surfaces of the tabs match and lock.
- each tile has formations on the locking member for cooperating with formations on the other tiles for interlocking the tiles together, where the interlocking of the tiles reduces relative movement between the tiles, in use.
- a third safety surfacing tile 3 may be interlocked with the second safety surfacing tile 2 by aligning a tab 130 extending downward of the third safety surfacing tile with a tab 140 extending upwards of the second safety surfacing tile 2 such that the cooperating surfaces of the tabs match and lock and three safety surfacing tiles 1 , 2 , 3 are now interlocked.
- an embodiment of the safety surfacing tile or mat 100 is fastened to another safety surfacing tile/mat by receiving the outer edge of the tile 100 within an upwardly directed groove of the locking member 105 .
- the grooves serve to hold the edges of the tiles against one another.
- the safety surfacing tile 100 features a locking member 105 that is extending downwards only on two sides instead of all four sides. This avoids having to lift a safety surfacing tile (that has already been laid on a floor) to lock with an adjacent tile that is being placed into position. Referring to the middle step/stage of FIG. 3 , if tile 2 had a downward extending tab on the right side instead of an upward extending tab 140 , then the right side of tile 2 would have to be lifted in order to position the corresponding tab of tile 3 so that the two tabs could lock.
- a side of the tile 100 (which has already been laid onto another tile) has to be lifted so it can be matched with a new adjacent tile being placed into position next to the tile 100 .
- the most recent tile 4 placed has two tabs/grooves 140 , 150 sticking out and up so that the next tile 5 can sit on top of the appropriate tabs/grooves 150 and also sit on the upward tabs/grooves 140 of tile 3 and is now in proper position and interlocked with the other tiles 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 .
- a lock support member (as is later discussed with respect to FIG. 7 ) may also be used.
- the safety surfacing tile features a notch 540 (see FIG. 5 ) that provides a cutting point for slicing a full tile into two half tiles. This allows for greater flexibility in arranging tile patterns and placement.
- an embodiment of the safety surfacing tile 100 incorporates a bottom support grid on the underside of the tile, as shown in FIG. 5 .
- a series of horizontal members 510 support the top surface of the tile 100 and extend continuously from one side of the tile 100 across a horizontal length of the tile 100 up to an interlocking tab 150 that extends upwards (away from the bottom of the tile).
- the series of horizontal members 510 contact a floor or underlying surface (e.g., concrete, asphalt, dirt, wood, etc.) when the safety surfacing tile 100 is positioned on the floor or underlying surface.
- the safety surfacing tile 100 also contains a series of vertical members 520 supporting the top surface and extending across a vertical length of the safety surfacing tile 100 up from an interlocking tab 140 upwards to one of the series of horizontal members 510 .
- the series of vertical members 520 contact the floor or underlying surface when the safety surfacing tile 100 is positioned on the floor or underlying surface.
- Support foot(s) 515 , 525 are features on respective horizontal and vertical members 510 , 520 to provide additional supports to help cushion or support a weight placed on the surfacing tile.
- the series of vertical members 520 connect with the series of horizontal members 510 to form a grid of voids 530 on the underside of the tile 100 .
- the grid of voids aids in cushioning impact of an object on the top surface 110 of the safety surfacing tile 100 and absorbing impact energy.
- the upper surface of the safety surfacing tile 100 is capable of being temporarily deformed into one or more voids 530 .
- FIG. 6 is provided to show one embodiment of the grid of voids, where a series of horizontal members 510 are shown connecting with respective ones of a series of vertical members 520 forming a grid 600 .
- the grid 600 forms a series of voids 530 that extend and repeat across the length and width of the grid.
- the horizontal and vertical members are arranged to form a series of voids 530 oriented in a longitudinal direction running vertically at one end of the surfacing tile 100 . Then, a series of voids are repeated across the width of the grid which are oriented in a lateral direction running horizontally in the middle of the tile.
- the horizontal and vertical members are arranged to form a series of voids 530 oriented in a longitudinal direction running vertically at the other end of the surfacing tile 100 .
- Each horizontal member is spaced apart from an adjacent horizontal member by a predetermined distance and each vertical member is spaced apart from an adjacent vertical member by a predetermined distance.
- the vertical members are shown as a shape resembling a solid having two parallel flat bases of regular or irregular form, joined by flat or curved surfaces where straight lines can be drawn from one parallel face to the other.
- FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view 605 of two of the vertical members 520 from the grid 600 , where the members are in the shape of solids whose bases are parallel polygons having curved surfaces joining the two polygon bases.
- a rectangular base connects with two similarly oriented curved sides at an angle (less than 90 degrees).
- the sides connect with a second rectangular base opposing the first rectangular base, where the width of the first rectangular base is greater than the width of the second rectangular base.
- the sides and bases connect with respective curved sides. In other embodiments, the bases may connect with non-curved or straight sides.
- Such solids have been observed to provide exceptional structural integrity.
- Other forms of the horizontal (and vertical) members could be useful and selected depending on the parameters of performance that are to be provided by the total structure.
- the safety surfacing tile 100 is made of solid resilient rubber including the horizontal and vertical members 510 , 520 .
- the individual vertical members 520 have a solid shape, where a narrow base of the vertical member 520 is in contact with the floor or underlying surface during use and the wider base of the vertical member 520 is adjacent to the upper surface.
- the sides of the vertical members 520 help form the shapes of the voids 530 adjacent to the vertical members 520 .
- the voids 530 share a curved or sloped shape at the sides and have opposing flat bases where the base next to the surfacing tile is smaller than the base that will be next to the ground upon which the surfacing tile 100 is positioned. While the shape of the vertical member 520 has a wider base at the upper surface (closest to the upper surface of the surfacing tile), the shape of the void 530 has a narrow base at the upper surface and a wider base at the bottom surface (closest to the ground upon which the tile 100 may be positioned).
- the sides of the horizontal members 510 are similar in shape to the vertical members in one embodiment.
- horizontal members may be straight and rectangular or a combination of rectangular and non-rectangular.
- the horizontal members 510 may comprise a rectangular cuboid shape having six flat rectangular sides with all right angles, in one embodiment.
- the sides of the horizontal members 510 may be sloped or curved rather than straight or perpendicular to the top surface in some embodiments.
- a horizontal member may be adjacent to one void on side of the horizontal member and another void on the opposite of the horizontal member, where one side of the horizontal member has a straight side adjacent to the first void and the opposite side of the horizontal member has a curved side adjacent to the second void.
- the safety surfacing tiles 100 are modular and pre-constructed from a resilient material, such as rubber.
- the thickness T of the tiles 100 may vary depending on desired safety criteria, such as Critical Fall Height, as explained below.
- the safety surfacing tile is made of solid rubber structure permeable to water which allows water to drain from a top surface to the voids at the bottom surface and to the underlying floor. Therefore, the permeable surface of an embodiment of the safety surfacing tile 100 allows water to pass through the tile surface instead of standing on top. For example, typically on playgrounds there is a drainage path where water is designed to travel and drain.
- An embodiment of the safety surfacing tile 100 is designed so that the outer sides of the tile 100 have escape channels or port(s) in the form of the voids at the outer perimeter that allow water to escape.
- the horizontal and vertical members 510 , 520 also provide conduits or passageways 540 (see FIG. 5 ) through which water may flow from one void 530 to the next towards the outer perimeter of the tile 100 .
- the conduits 540 have a prismoid or cuboid shape.
- the vertical and horizontal members 510 , 520 structurally hold the safety surfacing tile 100 in a desired form from side to side and achieve horizontal and vertical lines to keep the tile 100 from shrinking or curling after repeated use and/or exposure.
- the safety surfacing tile 100 is structurally sound because all four sides are attached by underlying structural supports 510 , 520 that extend the length of the tile in both vertical and horizontal directions and create the shape of the voids 530 which affect the profile of how energy is dissipated by the supports 510 , 520 during an impact.
- the narrowing projections of the vertical members 510 have been observed to reduce peak deceleration and lessen the impact during a fall.
- the arrangement of the plurality of the intersecting members 510 , 520 significantly affects a Critical Fall Height of the surface of the safety surfacing tile 100 .
- the members 510 , 520 are arranged to deform into the voids 530 to dissipate energy during an impact.
- safety surfacing tiles 100 are manufactured in 2′ ⁇ 2′ (24 inches ⁇ 24 inches) squares. Thicknesses may vary depending on CFH requirements. In some embodiments, thicknesses of safety surfacing tiles correspond to 1′′, 1.5′′, 2′′, 2.75′′, 3′′, 3.25′′, 3.5′′, 3.75′′, 4′′.
- top surface 110 maybe non-slip and porous to provide additional safety measures.
- the safety surfacing tiles 100 may be manufactured with a buffing top or EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) top wear surface providing a non-slip, soft, porous safety surface.
- EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer
- the horizontal and vertical members have a height (the vertical distance from a valley between respective members to the apex of the respective members) of approximately 1 inch for a safety surfacing tile having a 2 inch thickness.
- the width of the horizontal member responsible for forming an individual void is approximately 1 inch for such an embodiment.
- a wide base of the void at a perimeter is approximately 10 inches long and 3 inches wide and has a depth of 1 inch.
- the wide base of the void at the middle is approximately 6.5 inches long and 3 inches wide and has a depth of 1 inch.
- FIG. 7 shows one embodiment of the locking support mechanism 710 , where 710 A is a top view of the locking support mechanism and 710 B is a perspective view.
- a surfacing tile that has a side 120 , 130 that features interlocking tabs that extend downwards but is not being interlocked with another surfacing tile (e.g., the tile may be flush against a wall).
- this side of the surfacing tile does not have as much structural support as a side that is interlocked with another surfacing tile.
- a locking support mechanism can be used to lock with the side 120 , 130 and interlocking tab 125 , 135 to provide structural support, as is depicted in FIG. 8 .
- each structure includes cooperative surfaces that function in combination with each other and is configured so as to mate with a corresponding structure when the tile/locking support mechanism is stacked or placed atop one another.
- FIG. 9 shows the surfacing tile 100 next to the locking support structure 710 .
- the surfacing tile 100 is shown connected or locked with the locking support structure 710 where the interlocking tab 135 of the tile mates with the locking support structure 710 .
- the locking support structure 710 in one embodiment, is made to extend from the interlocking tile when connected and to provide a female interlocking mechanism for connecting with another structure, such as a ramp (in stage 930 ). In this way, a ramp 710 or other structure having a male locking structure or member can be connected with a side or end of an interlocking tile having a male member via use of the locking support structure 710 .
- some embodiments provide cutting grooves 1010 on the top and bottom surface of the structure 410 , as shown in FIG. 10 . Therefore, the locking support structure 410 may be split into halves 410 A, 410 B by cutting the structure 410 at the cutting grooves 1010 and then one half 410 B is locked with a side of the interlocking tile 100 in order to provide additional support and a flush abutment or square edge without extending outside the perimeter of the tile.
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/006,930 US8844225B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Safety surfacing tile support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/006,930 US8844225B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Safety surfacing tile support |
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US20120180408A1 US20120180408A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 |
US8844225B2 true US8844225B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
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US13/006,930 Active 2031-12-28 US8844225B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Safety surfacing tile support |
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Cited By (4)
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USD924444S1 (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2021-07-06 | Soccer Park, LLC | Floor tile |
US20210293261A1 (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2021-09-23 | Xuesong DENG | Assembly structure |
US20220316218A1 (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-06 | Jahnke & Sons Construction, Inc. | Interlocking Tiles |
USD970054S1 (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2022-11-15 | Jahnke & Sons Construction, Inc. | Interlocking burn tile pattern for a burn room |
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US8806832B2 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2014-08-19 | Inotec Global Limited | Vertical joint system and associated surface covering system |
US8992388B2 (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2015-03-31 | Gym-Mark, Inc. | Modular ladder frame playground system |
US20130174507A1 (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-11 | Advent Inc. | Flooring System |
US9216541B2 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2015-12-22 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Method for producing a mechanical locking system for building panels |
MX2015000602A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2016-03-11 | Charles Caulder Bree | Interlocking blocks and tiles for buildings. |
DE202013104859U1 (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-10 | Michael Schladt | Laying element with connecting means |
WO2015104671A1 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-07-16 | Greenfiber Tech, Lda. | Composite material and modular covering |
EP3237704B1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2019-11-20 | Ceraloc Innovation AB | Set of identical floor panels provided with a mechanical locking system |
EP3247844B1 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2022-03-16 | Ceraloc Innovation AB | Mechanical locking system for floor panels |
CN110886461B (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2021-11-12 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Floor chassis, raised floor system and laying method of system |
CN110259037B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2023-09-12 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic tile paving device and paving method thereof |
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US20080104915A1 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2008-05-08 | Randjelovic Erlin A | Sub-floor assemblies for sports flooring systems |
US20090312154A1 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-17 | Paul Harris | Playground surface enhancement |
US20110265411A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2011-11-03 | Yingguang Lai | New plastic floor |
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USD924444S1 (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2021-07-06 | Soccer Park, LLC | Floor tile |
US20220316218A1 (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-06 | Jahnke & Sons Construction, Inc. | Interlocking Tiles |
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