US8926720B2 - Control system and method for a fuel processor - Google Patents
Control system and method for a fuel processor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8926720B2 US8926720B2 US12/112,769 US11276908A US8926720B2 US 8926720 B2 US8926720 B2 US 8926720B2 US 11276908 A US11276908 A US 11276908A US 8926720 B2 US8926720 B2 US 8926720B2
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- mass flow
- stream
- fuel
- fuel processor
- engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
- G01F1/86—Indirect mass flowmeters, e.g. measuring volume flow and density, temperature or pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0244—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being an autothermal reforming step, e.g. secondary reforming processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0255—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a non-catalytic partial oxidation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1217—Alcohols
- C01B2203/1223—Methanol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1217—Alcohols
- C01B2203/1229—Ethanol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1614—Controlling the temperature
- C01B2203/1619—Measuring the temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/169—Controlling the feed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/04—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/05—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being carbon monoxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
- Y10T137/0324—With control of flow by a condition or characteristic of a fluid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
- Y10T137/2514—Self-proportioning flow systems
Abstract
Description
-
- (i) an output signal from at least one sensor that is indicative of at least one operating parameter of the engine;
- (ii) an output signal from at least one sensor that is indicative of the rate of change of at least one operating parameter of the engine; and
- (iii) an output signal from least one sensor that is indicative of at least one operating parameter of the fuel processor.
m F =m steady-state(1+f feed-forward +f feedback) (1)
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- mF=instantaneous mass flow rate of a fuel reactant stream supplied to a syngas generator,
- msteady-state=mass flow rate of a fuel reactant stream at steady-state operating condition of the engine,
- ffeed-forward=mass flow factor of a fuel reactant stream for a determined current and rate of change to an operating condition of the engine, and
- ffeedback=mass flow factor of a fuel reactant stream based on a measured temperature compared to a desired temperature of the syngas generator.
m F=(m steady-state)*(f feed-forward)*(f feedback) (2)
TABLE 1 |
Correction factors to be applied to equations (1) or (2) |
Mode of | Correction Factor to | |
Operating Phase | Operation | Equations (1) or (2) |
Start-Up | Lean | A |
Start-Up | Rich | B |
Normal | Lean | C |
Normal | Rich | 1 |
m F =m steady-state(1+f feed-forward +f feedback)*(c) (3)
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- c=correction factor applied during a normal operating phase in a lean mode of operation
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- (i) Non-negativity check: to provide, for example, that the calculated mass flow rate is not less than zero for each state during fuel processor startup, normal operation and shutdown;
- (ii) No numerical singularity: for example, to avoid situations in the control calculations that could create a numerical singularity, such as division by zero, this check could provide that the denominator is greater than a certain small positive number;
- (iii) Operating regime check: for example, to provide that the fuel processor is operating in the intended regime (for example, lean or rich) based on the system state and product requirement;
- (iv) Pump flow upper limit check: for example, if the metering device is a pump, this check could provide that the final output value for the fuel mass flow rate determined by the controller is within the pump flow limit;
- (v) Carbon formation check: for example, to provide that the oxidant-to-fuel ratio is within desirable limits so as to mitigate the risk of carbon formation;
- (vi) Safety check: for example, to stop fuel flow if an operating temperature exceeds a pre-determined upper limit;
- (vii) Fault markers: for example, if a signal from one or more sensor exceeds a predetermined value which is programmed into the controller a fault signal, for example a predetermined code, is assigned and recorded for the event by the controller. This can assist in detecting fault events and/or determining root causes of problems and/or failure mechanisms.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/112,769 US8926720B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 | 2008-04-30 | Control system and method for a fuel processor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US91511807P | 2007-05-01 | 2007-05-01 | |
US12/112,769 US8926720B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 | 2008-04-30 | Control system and method for a fuel processor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080271785A1 US20080271785A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
US8926720B2 true US8926720B2 (en) | 2015-01-06 |
Family
ID=39925146
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/112,769 Active 2032-05-26 US8926720B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 | 2008-04-30 | Control system and method for a fuel processor |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8926720B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008131560A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10714773B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-14 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Cooling system dT/dt based control |
US10720655B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-21 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Partial derivative based feedback controls for pid |
US10777831B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-09-15 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Equation based cooling system control strategy/method |
US11094950B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2021-08-17 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Equation based state estimator for cooling system controller |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100213418A1 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2010-08-26 | William Allison Logan | Method Of Starting A Fuel Processor |
CN105062990A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-18 | 天津科建科技发展有限公司 | Complex enzyme preparation for extracting effective plant components and method for preparing complex enzyme preparation |
WO2017195214A1 (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | H2E Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. | Thermally integrated hotbox with passive device |
Citations (12)
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US6267792B1 (en) | 1998-08-03 | 2001-07-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control apparatus and control method for reformer |
US6391484B1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 2002-05-21 | General Motors Corporation | Fuel processor temperature monitoring and control |
US20020062641A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2002-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Exhaust gas purification apparatus and method |
US20030101713A1 (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2003-06-05 | Ralph Dalla Betta | System and methods for improved emission control of internal combustion engines |
US6851398B2 (en) | 2003-02-13 | 2005-02-08 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling a fuel reformer by use of existing vehicle control signals |
US6852307B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2005-02-08 | Shell Oil Company | Catalytic oxidation process with flow control system |
US20050193724A1 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Southwest Research Institute | Oxygen-enriched feedgas for reformer in emissions control system |
US20060096175A1 (en) | 2002-07-30 | 2006-05-11 | Russell Bradley P | Feedforward control processes for variable output hydrogen generators |
US20060225350A1 (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2006-10-12 | John Spallone | Systems and methods for controlling hydrogen generation |
US20070028602A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Dalla Betta Ralph A | Methods and systems for controlling internal combustion engines |
US20070151232A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2007-07-05 | Eaton Corporation | Devices and methods for reduction of NOx emissions from lean burn engines |
US20070180769A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-09 | Bonadies Joseph V | Fuel reformer having closed loop control of air/fuel ratio |
-
2008
- 2008-04-30 US US12/112,769 patent/US8926720B2/en active Active
- 2008-05-01 WO PCT/CA2008/000829 patent/WO2008131560A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (12)
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US6267792B1 (en) | 1998-08-03 | 2001-07-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control apparatus and control method for reformer |
US6391484B1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 2002-05-21 | General Motors Corporation | Fuel processor temperature monitoring and control |
US6852307B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2005-02-08 | Shell Oil Company | Catalytic oxidation process with flow control system |
US20020062641A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2002-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Exhaust gas purification apparatus and method |
US20030101713A1 (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2003-06-05 | Ralph Dalla Betta | System and methods for improved emission control of internal combustion engines |
US20060096175A1 (en) | 2002-07-30 | 2006-05-11 | Russell Bradley P | Feedforward control processes for variable output hydrogen generators |
US20070151232A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2007-07-05 | Eaton Corporation | Devices and methods for reduction of NOx emissions from lean burn engines |
US6851398B2 (en) | 2003-02-13 | 2005-02-08 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling a fuel reformer by use of existing vehicle control signals |
US20050193724A1 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Southwest Research Institute | Oxygen-enriched feedgas for reformer in emissions control system |
US20060225350A1 (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2006-10-12 | John Spallone | Systems and methods for controlling hydrogen generation |
US20070028602A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Dalla Betta Ralph A | Methods and systems for controlling internal combustion engines |
US20070180769A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-09 | Bonadies Joseph V | Fuel reformer having closed loop control of air/fuel ratio |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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Kimura et al., "A feedback/feedforward regulation for load-accommodation and its application to control of reformer for fuel cell vehicle", SICE Annual Conference in Fukui [Online], Aug. 4-6, 2003, pp. 1028-1034. |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10714773B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-14 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Cooling system dT/dt based control |
US10720655B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-21 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Partial derivative based feedback controls for pid |
US10777831B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-09-15 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Equation based cooling system control strategy/method |
US11094950B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2021-08-17 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Equation based state estimator for cooling system controller |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20080271785A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
WO2008131560A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
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