US897537A - Electric controlling mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

PAIENTED SEPT. 1 1908.

J. D.'IHLDER. ELECTRIC CONTROLLING SYSTEM.-

APPLIOATIOH FILED JULY 29, 1905.

' citizen of the-United States residii$ vidc means for automatically UNITED STATES PATENT. ossron.

JOHN D. IHLDER, OF NEW roan; N. Y., assronoa To one ELEVATOR COMPANY, OF massif OITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

swc'rmc cournor mo srs'rnm.

To all whom it may comm:

Be it known that 1, JOHN D. Innnnn, a at New York cit in the county of New ork and State of ew York, have invented a new and useful "Improvement in Electric Controlling Systems,of which the followingis a specification. f 8 My invention relates to motor-controllinig apparatus and particularly to motor-contra lingappara'tus used in connection with hoisting apparatus.

One of the objects of my invention is the provision of simple and efficient means for automatically slowing down the speed of the car or earlier as it approaches its'upper limit of travel and electrically holding the same at that point through the action of the electric motor connected to drive the hoisting apparatus.

A further object of the invention is to pror'educi the speed of the carer carrier as it approac es a predetermined point in its travel and varying such reduction in speedin accordance wit the load, said means comprising the starting resistance.

Other objects of the invention will a pear hereinafter, the novel combination 0 ele- The hoisting motor .45 has its armature 42 connected in series with the main lines 52 and 49 through thebrushes 41 and 39. The field 43 of the-motor is connected in shunt to theconstant potential mains by means of the wire 44. The armature circuit is normally open atthe contacts 29 but ma be closed by means of the magnet 30 thro ll the starting resistances 22, 23, 24, 25 an 26. The accelerating magnet 40 is arranged tooperate the contacts 32, 33 and 34 to successively short-circuit the resistances 23, 24 and 25. Theslow-speed magnet 31 operates-the contacts 28" to control the resistance 22 while the I fast speed magnet 35- Patented Sept. 1, 19 06.

controls the resistance 26.

13 designates the l'oadmagnet which op-' with the contacts 36 crates the contacts 11 and 12 to short-circuit the load resistances 5-.and' 9. The contacts 11 and, 12 are connected by wire 21 with re.- sistances 22 and 23, and the resistances 5 and 9 are connected to the contact 6 ofthe manual switch 20 and by wire 19 to the lower one "of the contacts 29.

85 is an automatic stop-motion switch comprising a :number, of circularly-shaped contact strips such as 74, 75, 77, 79 and 80, with insulating sections 72, 73, 56, 57,58, 59

and 63. The vcircular strips or conductors are mounted on some insulating material, as slate, and the whole is rotata ly mounted, preferably by sprocket and chain in connection with some moving part of the hoisting e no.

djacent the movable strips are the fixed contacts 54, 55, 60,61, etc., which are arra d to bear against and make contact wit the circular conductors.

The electric brake- 50 is shown connected b wire 46 betweenthe positive main 52 and tile brush, 61 of the stop-motion switch.

The various parts having been thus pointed out in general, their function and operation will now be fully described. 1

Assu the main switch 10 to be closed as shown, et the lever 16 of the manual switch 20 be moved to theleftto cause the car to move upwardly; The contact strip 14' a is connected to the negative main 49 and is always in contact with the segment 15 of the switch. The segment '15 is rigidly connected to the lever 16 which is pivoted at 18 to the insulating base and providedwith a handle .17 of insulation. In addition to the contact strip 14 on the base are the fixed contacts 1, 2, 3 and 4 at the r' ht and the contacts 6, 7 and 8 at the left. connected by means of the wires 86 and 87 to the contact brushes 64 and 65, which engage the circular conductors 80 and 79, re-

spectively of the automatic stop-motion;

, The brushes 64 and 65 are re-- switch 85. I spectively in electric connection with the brushes 61 and 68 which in turn are connected by the wires 51 and 47 to the coil of the brake 50' and to the coil of the main line at 30. Therefore when the lever 16 is he contacts 1 and 2 are.

11111811 movedtoward the left to go-up as indicated a 38, brush tact '4, segment 15, stnpl14, wire 53 to the,

. the segment will first electrically connect the contacts'l and 2 whereupon the magnet contacts 29 and the resistances 22, 23, etc,

and the other to release the brake against the action of a spring which applies it. The circuit for the mam line magnet 30 may be traced from the positive -main through the wire 52, coil of magnet 30, wire 47, brush 68, contact strip 79, brush 65, wire 87, contact 2, segment 15, contact stri 14, wires 53 and 49 to the negative main. he circuit through the brake magnet coil is parallel to the coil of magnet 30 from the wire 52, through the wire 46, coil of magnet 50, brush 61, strip 80, brush 64, wire 86, contact 1 and segment 15. The circuit through the motor-armature is from the wire 52 to and through the contacts. 29, wire 19, starting resistances22, 23, 24, 25

and 26, wire 37, motor-armature brush 41, armature 42, brush 39, wire 49 to the negative main. The shunt field is also completed through the wire 44 when the main line switch 10 is closed, so that now the motor can start and attain a predetermined slow speed. On moving the handle 17 of switch 20 farther toward the left the contact 3 isfengaged by the se ment 15. This complete's a circuit from the positive main through-wire 52, to and through the contacts 29, wire 90, coil of slow speed magnet 31, wire 48, contact brush 69, strip78 of the automatic stop motion switch, brush 67, wire 88, contact 3, segment 15, wires 53 and 49 and thus to the negative main.' -The"magnet 31 is therefore connected across the constant potential mains, as is magnet 30, and operates to close the contacts 28 and short-circuit the resist-- handle 17 of the switch20 in its, extreme lefthand position so that the segment 15 will en-' gage the fixed contact 4 in addition to the contacts 1, 2 and 3. A circuit will now be completed from the positive main to and through the wire 52,'contacts 29, wire 90,

contacts 28 resistances 23, 24, and 26, wire 37, coil of acceleratin magnet 40, wire 70, strip 75, brus 66, wire 91', connegative main. Thus accelerating magnet is connected directlyacross the motorarmature and will operate automatically to cut out or short-circuit the starting resistances 23, 24 and'25, consecutively in a well.-

, known'manner, depending upon the load, on

the motor. The contacts 32, 33 and 34 are closed successively but when the last are closed the wire 90 is connected through contact 27 to and through the coil of fast-speed;

magnet 35 to the wire 38. 3 Upon the energization of this'magnet 35 the contacts 36. 1 am closed and the resistance 26 short-cirswitch with to the-magnet 50 -is bro en at the contact .1.'

,for controllingthe spee switch 85 being positively connected to rotate in harmony with the motor will move in a clockwise directionas soon as the car starts upwardly. As thecar approaches its u per limit of travel, the first operation of the switch will be to break-thecircuits of the-fast-speed magnet 35 and the acceleratmg magnet 40. his is caused by the insulating section 56 running under the brush 66. This will operate to'place the resistances 23, 9

24, 25 and 26 in the motor-armature circuit and therefore slow down the motor. Very shortly after this operation, the insulatin section 57 runs under the brush 6? to brea the circuit including the magnet 31.' The 35 contacts 28 therefore become separated and the resistance 22 reinserted to still further reduce the speed of the motor. All the starting resistances having been replaced in the motor-armature circuit, the motor will run at 'a very slow speed. .In connection with an ammunition hoist or a furnace hoist 1 preferably limit the rotation of the circular stop-motion switch 85 so that the car will be stop ed against a bufier at the extreme u per imit of its travel and held' there by t 0 action of the motor. This 'is accomplished by stoppingb the automatic sto motion rushes 66 and 67 on t e insulation sections 56 and 57, respectively, and the brushes64 and 65 in contact with the strips 80 and 79, res ectively. The brake magnet 50 and main line magnet 30' are therefore kept ener ized but since the current must traverse t e starting resistances it will be insufiicient to injure the armature by'heating but will produce sufiicient torque to hold the caragalnst its bufien- If desired, however, the automatic stop-motion switch may be rotated a little farther so that the insulating sections 58 and 59 shall run under the brushes 65 and 64, res ectively, to automatically deenergize the rake-magnet 50 and main line magnet 30 to stop the car before it reaches its extreme upper limit. When it is desired to lower-the car or carrier the switch handle 17 is brought'back to its central'posi-, tion as shown in the drawing. This will cause the braketo be a plied, as the circuit Furthermore, the circuit of magnet 30'is interrupted at the contact 2 and therefore the contacts 29 are opened. The current to the motor is thus cut off but the-car is kept from descending by m'eans.of the brake which is nowdapplied since the magnet '50 is deenergm I will now describe my automatic means d of lowering the caror carrier or for slowing down the movement. 13

limit of travel.

switch 10 to t e negative main. -tact 7, however, temporaril before the .segment 15 On moving the handle '11 to as the contact so I cut 15 will engage with fixed contactsflg i When the l5 is" brought into connectionwith the contact- 6, a local circuit including the motor-armaturemhthe starting resistances. and the additio be seen that the contacts 6, 7 and 8 are so ar d that this ace Y es the contacts 7 and. 8. It. should be note car is at its upper limit of travel the auto matic s'to nearly 90 in a clockwise direction from the position shown but that the brushes 60 and 61 still remain in contact with the strip 80. Therefore, when the segment 15 engages contact 8 the brake magnet is energized and the brake conse uently released. The circuit thus established is as follows: from the itive main throu h wire 52, to and through wire 46, coil 0 magnet 50, brush 61, strip 80, brush 60, wire 92, contact 8, segment l5, stri) '14, wire- 53, wire '49, and

The conremains deenergized since it is connectei to the brushes 54 and which are in contact with strips 74 and 77 insulated by the insulation sections 72, (Band 73, 57, res ctively. The brake having been released t e car can descend by reason of its own load and in doing so drives the motor-armature backwards. Since the field 43 is connected across the main lines by wire 44, the same will be full excited and the armature being driven by the load will generate a current throu h the various resistances.

forming a closed circuit with it. This arran ement constitutes an electro-dynaniic bralie and prevents excessive speed of the car or carrier as it descends. As soon as the car starts in its downward travel the automatic and past the brush 55 so that the brushes 55 and 69 will be electrically connected by the strip 78. The slow-speed magnet 31 will then be connected in shunt to the load resistances 5 and 9, the circuit being as follows:

' from wires 19 and 90 to and through coil of magnet 31, wire 48, brush 69, strip 78, brush 55, brush 54, wire 93, contact 7, segment 15, and contact 6 to the other side of theload resistances 5 and 9. The combined loadre.

sistances are preferably greater than the combined accelerating resistances so that the energination of the magnet 31 shall depend resistances 5 and 9,- is closed. It will circuit is estathat when the motionswitch 85 has revolved energized to a degre J on the ossum the,load"msgne" tires 5 and 9. This tential varies di rectly' as the's of t motor-armature andcomequent thecar. If the speed rises abovea int the mag net 3111will'be to art-circuit the resistance 22 by the closure of the contacts 28. The resistance in the armature circuit being thus decreased more current can flow the electro-d "c braking action will he increased.-

motion switch in revolving still farther brings t e the insulation section 63 under and past brush 54 so that the latter will be in contact with the strip 76. This occurs when the car' is a short d stance from its lower limit of travel. The load magnet 13 is new connected direct] from the brusii 4l and wire 37 to the coil of ma? 13, through wire-94, brush 71, strip star will therefore run at r apredetermined speed.- The automatic stopacross the motor-armature strip 14, wire 53, wire 49, to the other motora armature brush 39. The load magnet will be e depending upon the speed of the motor, to close oneor both of its contacts-11 and 12 which operate to cut out or short-circuit the load resistances 5 and 9.

There is thus provided a means for automatically slowing down or reduci the speed of the motor as the car approac es its lower limit of travel and varying such reduction of speed in accordance with the load. The next operation is the application of the brake to stop the car substantiall at the same point regardless of the'load. insulation section 59 runs under the brush 60 to interru t the circuit of the brake magnet and there ore allowing the brake to be a plied. It should be noted that the bra e magnet can ain be energized for the reason that another rush 64 is still in electrical connection with the brake magnet so that the latter may be. energized by moving the handle 17 to the left to bring the segment 15 and contact 1 into engagement.

In reviewing the operation of the system it will be seen that when it is desired to raise a load the .brake is first released and current admittedito the motor through the starting resistances. Then a portion of the starting resistance is short-circnited by means of the slow-speed magnet which causes a somewhat matically reduced to such an amount that his occurs when the the car will be brou 'ht gently against the buffer at the top an be held there by the motor, the brake being kept in its releasing position. Upon moving the manual switch,

however, to its central position, the brake is applied to hold the car at its upper limit of travel. I

To lower the car the handle 17 is turned 5 toward the right to cause the brake to be raised to releasing position. The motor is then turned backward by the loadand becomes a dynamo generating current through the starting resistances and the loadresisto ances which are to ether in series with the motor armature. oward the lower end of travel of the car a ortiori of the starting resistance may he s ort-circuited depending upon the speed of the car. Shortly after- 5 ward the load magnet is shuntedacross the armature, said magnet operating to cut out the load resistance in proportion to the speed and load of the descending can Finally, the brake is applied to stop the carat substantially the same oint with varying loads.

Having thus 11y described my. invention and without limiti myself to the precise construction of details and arrangement of parts as herein. shown, but reserving the right to vary the same in accordance with the s irit and scope of my invention what I c aim and desire to have protected by Letters Patent of the United btates is:

an electro-dynamic brake circuitincluding said resistance,'means for controlling said resistance in accelerating the motor, and means co-acting with said controlling means for automaticall cuttin out a portion of said resistance w ien'in t e electro-dynainic brake circuit. V

2. The combination with an elevator car. and its motor, of sectional starting resistance, 40 means for controlling said resistance in gradually starting the car on the up motion, auto matic means controlling said resistance to re- .duce the speed of the motor while the/car is approaching its upper limit of travel, and means for establishing an 'electro-dynamic brake circuit includin said resistance for regulating the speed 0 the car in its down. ward, travel.

a 3. The combination with a car and its motor, of starting resistance for. the motor, clec tr'o-magnetic means for controlling said resistance, a stop-motion switch for automatically re-inserting said starting resistance when the car ap roaches the upper limit of its travel, a inanua switch for establishing an electro-dynamic brake circuit including said starting resistance, and circuits and connections co-acting with said stop-motion switch for automatically cutting out a portion of limit of travel. g

4. The combination with an elevator car,

and its motor, of sectional starting resistance for said motor, velectro-rnagnetic means for a controlling said resistance, an additional sec- 1. The combination with an elevator car and its motor, of sectional startin resistance, 7

said resistance as the car approaches its lower tional resistance, a load magnet for controlling said additional resistance, means for connecting both of said resistances in an electrodynamic brake circuit, and means for automatically effecting the energization of said load ma net as the car approaches a predeterminei point in its downward travel. 7

5. The combination with-an elevator car and its motor, of sectional startin resistance for said motor, automatic means or controlling said resistance, additional sectional resistance, means for connecting'both the said rcsistancesin an electro-dynamic brake circuit, a load magnet for controlling said additional resistance, and means for connecting 30 said load magnet across .the motor-armature as thevcarapproaches the lower limit of its travel.

6. The combination with an elevator car and its motor,of starting resistance therefor, 5 means for controlling said resistance, additional resistance, means. for closing a local circuit including the motor-armature and said resistances, and automatic means for reducing the speed of the motor, and vary' such reduction of speed in accordance wit the load.

' 7. The combination with an elevator car and its motor, of starting resistance therefor, controlling means for said starting resistance,

an additional resistance, means for establishing an electro-dynamic brake circuit including'both the said resistances, and automatic means for establishing a circuit in parallel to said additional resistance to effect the operation of a part of said controlling means to cut out part of said starting resistance in the electro-dynamic brake'circuit as the car approaches a stopping point.

8. The combination with an elevator car 195' and its motor, of sectional starting resistance for said'motor, electro-magnetic means for controlling a portion of said startin resistsince, an clectro-magnet'for contro ing another portion of said starting resistance, ad- .ditional sectional resistance, means for estab-- lishing' a motor-circuit including the'motorarmature and both of said sectional resistances, a load magnet for controlling said additional sectional resistance, automatic means V for placing said last-named electro-magnet in parallel with the said additional resistanceto effect the cutting out of said another portion of the starting resistance as the car approaches a pre-determined sto ping point, and for also connecting said oad magnet across the motor-armature for cutting out one or more sections of said additional resistance, depending upon the speed of travel of the car.

9. The combination with an elevator car and its motor, of sectional starting resistance for said motor, an electro-magnetic mainline switch, a slow speed electro-magnetic switch for cutting out additional portions of said 1,30

' new starting res'atance, afast s magnetic switch controlled by said acc erated magnetswitch for cutting out the last portion of said a brake magnet, a manual for con said electro-magnetic switches and said brake magnet, a stop-motion switch for ellecting the re-insertion of.

vthe upper Q of'its travel, and t ereafter connecting the load w t across the motor-armature to reduce speed of the car in roportion to the load, and for finall inte i-ruptin'g the brake magnet'circuit to ect the sto mg of the car at its lower limit of travel s iibstantially at the same point with varying loads. .10. The combination with a, car and its motor, of motor-controlling means, and circuits and conneptions so constructed and arthat as he car approaches the upper limit of its travdl the speed of the same shall be automatically reduced and the said car held at the upplar limit by said motor.

11. The combination with a car, of electrical means for hoisting same, and means for reducing the current through said motor as the car's proaches the upper limit ofits travel but' wing sufficient current to flow through said motor. to cause the same to hold said car at said upper limit.

12. The combination with a' car, of electrical means for hoisting same, and means for automatically reducing the. current motor,

through said motor as the car ap roaches theupper limit of its travel but a] owing sufii' clent current to flow through said motor to cause the same to hold said car at said upper limit.

13. The combination with'a car and its -motor, of motor-controlling means, .and circuits and connections so constructed and arranged that the motor shall be automatically reduced in speed as the car approaches its upper limit and be maintained sufliciently energized to hold said car at its upper limit.

14. The combination with an e evator car or carrier, of a motor for hoist' said car, and means for automatically re uc-ing the speed of said car as the same approaches its upper limit of travel and maint said motor sufliciently'energia'ed to hold said car against its upper limit stop.

15. The combination with a car and its of motor-oontro means comprisand means for automatically cut matically reduced in s resistances in circuit wit said motor, and

means for varying said resistance so that as t the car sipgfoachesthe upper limit of its travel, an t v shall be automatically reduced in speed and held by said motor at said limit, and so that as the car approaches .the lower limit of its travel and the motor is be' driven as a generator said car shall then be automatically reduced in speed.

motor, of motor-controlling'means comprising resistances in circuit with said motor outsai resistances as the car starts upw throw in said resistances as the car approaches its upper limit of travel but maintam the motor circuit so that suflicient cure motor is taking powerthe [6. The combination with a car and its yandto rent shall flow through said motor to cause the same to hold the car against its. upper limit stop.

17. The combination with a car and its motor; of motorcontrolling means comprismg resistance in -circuit with 'said motor,

means for short-circuiting said resistance as' the car starts from or approaches the lower limit of its travel, and means for short-circuiting only a art of said resistance should the car descen too rapidly. V

18. The combination witha car'. and its motor, of motor-controllingmean's; and circuits and connections so constructed and arranged that the car shall behoisted, have its speed automatically reduced as it approaches its upper limit of travel, and be he at said limit, by said motor; and that the-car shall descend by reason of its own load and autoas the car aproaches the lower limit of its travel, said set mentioned reduction of speed being in I proportion to the load.

19. The combination w th a car and its motor, of motor-controllingmeans, and cir wits and connections so constructed and arranged that the car shall be gradually and automatically reduced in. speed as it a proaches its'upper of travel and be he d at said limit y the motor and so that the speed of the car shall be gradually and automatically reduced as it approaches itslower limit and such reduction of speed varied in accordance with the load.

means comprising resistance in circuit with the motor-armature and means for automaticall var ing said resistance during the trave of t e car circuits and connections so constructed 7 and arranged that as the car approaches its pepper limit its speedshall be automatically need and the car held against its upper limit sto and means for automatically reducing t e speed of the car as it approaches its lower limit and varying such reduction of speed in accordance with the load.

21. The combination with a car and its motor, ofrmotor-controlling means compris- 115 2 The combination with a car and its motor, of motpr-contro ing resistance in circuit with the motor-armature, and means .'for gradually and automatically v saidv resistance as the car starts from its ower limit and as it ap tions so constructed and arranged that the car shall be held by the motor at its u per limit of travel and that the motor shal be driven as a generator asthe car descends to furnish current to said automatic means for reducin the speed of the car. e

22. e combination with a car and its motor, of resistance in circuit with the motor-armature, means for varying said resistance, additional resistance in circuit with said first-named resistance and additional resistance varyin means therefor, an automatically rotatab e switch, a manually operable switch, and circuits and connections so constructed and arranged that when the proaches its upper limit of travel and heldby v the motor agalnst its-upper limit stop and when the manual switch IS in another posi-- tion circuits including a local circuit through. the motor-armature and said resistance shall be closed so that as the car descends by reason of its own load saidmotor shall act as a generator to retard the downward movement of the car; and so that as the car approaches its lower limit of travel said 'auto matically rotatable switch shall close a circuit ,to said second-named resistance-varying means to cause the car to be gradually reduced in speed and "sto ped at substanfially the same point ind ependent of the In'testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JOHN D. IHLDER.

Witnesses:

GUFFIT- L. JOHN,- D. L. HOWSON.

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