US973657A - High-potential switch. - Google Patents

Description

- E. M. HEWLETI'GLT. E. BUTTON.

U'IHIGH POTENTIAL SWITCH. IAIYPPLI'UATIONIILED 1 mm. 1902.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I 7 ,;Z /4 y m 8 l 6 (DLtnesses. T lnvnt0r1s v A Edward MHswLet IS. The d'OrelllBubbOn by fl Hi3.

E. M. HEWLETT & T. E. BUTTON.

HIGH POTENTIAL SWITCH. AIPLIQATION FILED JAN.7. 1902.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MJ-WW ET b E. M. HEWLETT & T. E. BUTTON..

HIGH POTENTIAL SWITCH. I

'APPLIQATION FILED JAN. 7. 1902.

973,657, r Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

4 SHEET%2BKEET (ULtnesses. I Inventors.

7% z! Edward MHewLetb.

6 I f by TheodqreELBufiIon. 4 Q] E. M. HEWLETT & T. E. BUTTON. HIGH POTENTIAL SWITCH. APPLIOATION FILED JAN. '1. 1902.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

FLg.8.

Inventors. Edward M.Heu l,,et l1 (.ULtnesses. M 5

TheodoreE.Bui3ton.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD M. HEWLETT AND THEODORE E. FUTTON, F SQHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS: TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HIGH-POTENTIAL SWITCH.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

Application filed January 7, 1962. Serial No. 88,757.

973,657, Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern: l is connected with the movable element lie it known that we. l'lnwauo M. Hnw- Lam and 'lmcononr: l l. .BVr'roN, citizens of the United States. residing at Schenectady,

the weight of the moving parts. The motor through a system of levers by which parallel: motion of the moving element is effected,

E thereby t-lispensin'g with the necessity of fixed the motor and operating parts'of the switch 5 in the county of Schenectady, State of New guides and permitting the latter to swing 60 York, have invented certain new and useful pendulously from a cross-head actuated lnd wbvements in Iligh-lhvtential Switches, by the motor. After being thrown by the of which the following is a'specitication, spring a rebound is prevented oy the motor This invention relates to switches or cirwhich continues movement until thesecond cuit-breakers for electric currents, and is spring is put under sufiicient compression 65 particularly designed for use in c'onm-wtion to accomplish the reverse-movement, the with high potential alternating currents of motor revolving to a sufficient extent to large capacity. Switches of this same gem shift the crank controlled by the clutch eral character are disclosed in patent-s issued over center, leaving it ina position to into Edward M. Hewlett, one of the appli-- stantly respond to. .the action of the strained 70 cants in the present case, his Patent No. spring when released, being locked in this 755,771, dated March 29th, 190+, showing position by a detent governed by an electroeleclrically actuated switch operating mech magnetically operated catch, anisni, and his Patent No. 815,824, dated The various features and advantages of March 20th, 1906. showing pneumatic switch the invention together withits operation 75 operating mechanism. together with eircuitwill be more fully understood upon-refer making and breaking terminals of the type ence to the following detailed description employed in the present case. 'taken in connection with the .accompzinying The present lli'i'tlliltlll relates principally drawings, in whichto improvements in the operating mecha- -Figure l'is a front elevation of a switch 0 nis n by which the switch is rendered quicker embodying the improvements, two of "the I in its action, permitting the movement of doors for the insulating cells being'removed the partsto accomplish the opening or eloto show the construct-ion; Fig. 2 is a sideelesure of the circuit to be ettected in less time vation in a plane at right angles to that than heretofore after the control device has shown in Fig. 1; Fig. is a top plan; Fig. 4: been uninipulated. is a detail view showing-the position-of the The invention also con'ipriscs certain novel operating mechanism when the switch is control circuit connections and other strucclosed; Fig. 4 is a Vl'ti al 0f th tural features including an improved oil lower portion of an oil pot; Fig. 5 is a sec- 35 pot construction 'and means for rendering tional view of the operating worm and magthe movable contact dead so as to permit neti'c clutch for connecting and disconnecthandling the Contact. elements without ing the driving motor therewith; Fig. 6; is a danger to the operator. sectional detall view of the upper part of' in carrying out the present improvements One of theoil pots; Fig. 7 is a sectional de- 3 40 the mo 'able switch contacts are arranged tail view of the oil pot support; Figs...8'and toplay to and fro with relation to the fixed 9 are views of the electrically controlled concontact-s, being controlled 'mainly by stout taots governing the motor, Fig. 10 is :1 diacompr'ession springs. A motor.preferably gram of the control circuits; and Fig. 11 is electrically operated and electrically cona face elevation of the worm wheel clutch,

45 trolled from .a distance to insure safety to the casing being removed. i

the operator. is eonnected by levers with the Rcferring"in .Lletail tmsaid drawings, 1 movable switch member through a clutch represents av foundation plate or base plate which is in gripping relation for a half -which may be of slate orsimilar insulating revolution with a clutch wheel or disk. and fire-proof material mounted on steel or iron 50 then is free to slip forward, so that the beams, as 2, 2, etc, which may be supported spring which has been compressed can in any convenient manner on a suitable base. quickly throw the movable element of the Fire-proof walls of brick, as 3, 3, are erect-' switch. being assisted in this movement by ed on the foundation and surmounted by a 5 an auxiliary spring which counter-balances slate cover and a cap-plate 4 on which latter 1 are mounted. Thus there is formed by the brick walls a plurality of fire-proof inc-losing chambers such as indicated in Figs. 1

and 2 in which are inclosed the oil ots arranged to provide a double breakor each base of the electric circuit. The switch illustrated is designed for triphase currents,

and three cells are formed, as indicated in Fig. 1, in each of which a pair of oil-pots is mounted, as seen in Fig. 2. The open ends of the cells are covered by removable doors 5 held in place by latches 6, 6, thus completely inclosing and preventing any fiashing. or scattering of fire outside of the walls of. the switch. The circuits are led to and from the switch by way of the cable leads 7, 7, 7 which are connected to terminals supported in insulators 8 ofporcelain (see Fig. '7) through which pass threadedrods 9 on which'the terminals 10 are screwed. A split washer llanay be screwed down firmly against the insulator 8 and. clamped in osition against the threads of the screw y a little set screw, as indicated in Fig. 7. The

' fixed terminal 10 consists of a plate provided with a .number of sockets, in which contact studs 12, 12, arranged in circular order and spring pressed as indicated, nest. Each of these terminates in a metallic igtail, the end of which is secured in the ottompf the plate, as indicated at 13. In operative relation to each fixed terminal is a contact platel l firmly secured to a second i insulator- 15 on which the" oil pot 16 is mounted; A rod 17 extends downwardly from the bottom of.the. oil pot and termi-' nate's in a threaded exterior which screws into the plate 14. As indicated in Fig. 2,

the insulators of each pair of oilts are. connected by a plate 18 against aange ofwhich bears a lifter 19 controlledbypargllel links wliilfh may be'raised'ibr lowered means of atwoodeiil-k od-inerted in a socket 20. flnsgsocket s'connected. with a crank in'whichv cps-116m Fig. 2) projects into a slot= in .one' of the links 21, being v locked in'up-or. down position by means of a .little recess in the slot, as indicatedin the figure. Thus anyparticular pair of oil pots may be moved .by simply inserting a rod in the proper socket '20 and bearing down on it thereby shiftin the movable portion of the switch terminai s upward; away from the ter minals 10 and carrying the oil pots upward,

7 thus rendering them dead and permitting their removalfrom the cells fog purposes of inspection or repairs. When so lifted they may be drawn laterally away from the lifters, as will be understoodfrom an inspection of the latter, as seen at 19, 19 in Fig. 1.

Each oil pot is made'of metal and lined with fiberor similar material, as indicated in-Figs. Hand 6, and provided at the top with a bathe-plate 22, to prevent scattering of oil, and perforated also with an annular range of small holes 23 to permit the escape of gas and reduce the pressure when the cire -cu1t 1s bem broken. A similar range of holes 23 -is ormed in a cap surrounding the oil'pot out of line-with the holes 23, so as to retard the escape of gas and preventspatter- .ing of the oil. This range of holes is formed in a cap in which is supported an insulator guide 24 of porcelain or similar material. This guide is securedto the metallic cap by means of a joint of Babbitt metal or similar soft material as indicated at 25, this forming a weak spot Whichin case of undue pressure may yield and permit the plug to be blow out, preventing the explosion of the pots. Each pot is mechanically and electrically connected at its lower end to'the upper end 'of one of the conducting rods 17 and in its lower cup-shaped portion is provided with a fixed contact in the form of one or more expansion rin s 25 adapted to receive the' lower end of t e movable contact 26. This rod is composed of brass, copper or other conducting material and is provided at its lower end "with a removable contact tip 26*. The n per end of each of these rods 26 is provi ed with a cup contact 27 adapted to electrically en age the upper end of the corresponding oi pot as indicated in Fig. 6. In order to insure good engagement, the

a plurality of elastic tongues capable of yieldingni'cely when shifted home overthe top of the oilpot. In operation each oil pot is filled with oil nearly to its top so that a small air space is left when the circuit is contact 27 is slitted vertically so as to -form' closed. Each rod '26 and its on shaped contact 27 may be removed from t e fixed parts of the switch by detaching the bolts 28 at.

1.05 in the construction described in the ap hca the top in a manner similar to that emplo ed tion above referred to. Each air'o contact rods 26 is connected to the ower end of -one of the wooden rods 29, 29 and 29 which extend through the cap plate at of the fireproof cell structure'where theyare connected by a yoke 80 which is actuated by'the' motor-mechanism, located on the top ofthe. cell structure, to reciprocate the contacts 26 into and out of engagement in their respective oil pots. The rods 26 of each phase are electrically as well as mechanically connected at their upper ends by a bar- 30' so that the circuit for each phase extends from one lead 7 through rod 9, plate 10, contact studs 12, 12", contact plate 14,'rod 17 to the shell of the oil pot. 16 and its fixed contact 25, thence to the connecting bar 30 through two paths, one extending through theshell of the oil pot and the other through the contact rod 26. The path from the connectin bar 30' to the other terminal 7 exten 5 through the corresponding connections and parts of the other'oilpot of the air. In this organization when the circuit is broken the parts are so arrange that the cup contacts 27 will' ass it of engagement with the upper en of. t e oil pots 16 before the contact l'QdS Qtileav'e the fixed 'conta'cts .within the oil thus causing the final breaks in the circuit to take place withinthe oil otls; where they can be cared for the oil at The rods 29, '29., 29 move together wit lent the assistance of guides to reciprocate the me ,"tallic contact rods 26 into and out of the )oil-pots in right lines. The means of effecting this is a special system of levers, the

5 yoke being pivoted to the end of a pair of levers 47 controlled by a crank 36 which is operated directly or indirectly by an electric motor 31 and the ,free ends of the levers 47'to which the yoke 30 is pivoted describing a ri ht line in their motion through the para lel linksAS, 48%, one of which is pivoted to the crank and the other to the frame. Other levers 46 of the same length as the levers 47 assist in this motion, being pivoted 25 at a central point to a Tstandard on the capplate of the switch mechanism and each controlled by a double helical spring-44 swiveled to a fixed point of the frame and -to the levers- 46. f'When: the switch is in a closed position these stout. springs are extended ,andiact with suflicient power when the detent is released to assist the main control spring 43 in rapidly throwing the switch. It will be seen from Fig. 4 that the springs {14 act .at'the initial movement of rele singthe switch almost. at rightangles on the evers'46, thereby exerting a maximum pull and dehv'ering-"a maxmunn amount of asslstance to the main spring at 'the exact moment when such assistance is d's1rable. {in essential advantage in the pcn i ngof 11 types of switches 1s a sudden break becau itreducesthe amount of metal volatilizcd and thereby renders the are less 45 diiticult- .to extiliguish. 'l e main control spring 4-3a11dthe springs 44 conspire when te switch is opening to give a very rapid upward thrustto the movable switch memberythrowing ,it clear. through its path-of trgivcrse and into engagement with the opposite, controlq spring 43. -Duri'ng the latter stages of tlns'movement however the angle "at which the springs 44 act with relation to the lel'ers 46 changes so that the springs become less effectiveby reason lqoth of their 7 decreased tensiouand of their change of angular relation; and this is'desirable inasmuch as after a sufficient m'otion= has been' given to extinguish the arc, the parts must we brought to rest and the decreasing cffectiveness of. the spring contributes toward this result.

From the above-description it will be seen that if the crank 36 is moved to dead center yoke 30 and the Contact porting.

the control spring 43, or 43, will be Jllflllltained under strain. free to move, the control spring will throw the movable switch clement. either to its closed or open position, as the case may be. For the 'purpose of rotating this crank 136 so as to compress the control springs $3, 4.3-,

any suitable motor mechanism may be emplo'yed but preferably we employ t-he.electrio motor 31 mounted upon the cap -.l of the fire-proof cell structure and adapted to be thrown into engagement; with a worm shaft 33 by means of a clutch 3'2 controlled by an electromagnet as hereinafter more fully described. The worm shaft '33 is in operative engagement with a worm gear provided with an interior ratchet clutch, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 11, by which its movement may be transmitted to the crank shaft. 37. T he ratchet clutch comprises an interior and an exterior member with intervening engaging dogs which are concentrically mounted and free to rotate in their bearings at their inner ends and to bite into or disengage at their outer ends the circular wall of the worm gear. In operation, when the worm gear is driven in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 11, these (logs are tilted and being shaped with an eccentric face bind on the worm gear tins locking the worm gearv andthe crank shaft together. It will be seen, however. that if the shaft itself were turned in the direction of the arrow no such obstruction to its-rotation would be offered. since the springs 56, one of which is placed behind each dog, permit the lat.- ter to yield sufficiently to allow the crank shaft to rotate. Thus itwill be seen that when the parts are moved to the position :in Fig. 4, when the crank is just a little off center with respect to the link 48, the interior clutch member can move forward and' obey the impulse of the retaining spring 43 If then the crank be tints permitting the movable switch elcijncnt to be tossed upward independently of the thriving member, a movement which isac- 'complished with great rapidity by the strong spring and which results in opening the cm."

cl1it.before any great amount of oil has been volatilized. In order to hold the crank shaft 37 against rotation when the appropriate controllmg spring has been compressed so that the switch maybe held in either closed or open position, a movable dog 38 having a projection lying in the'path ofmovemcnt of an arm 35 keyed tothe shaft 37, is provided. This dog is mounted ona shaft 39,.

which is connected by a crank with the locking toggle 40. This toggle is extended or collapsed by an armature 41 of a trip magnet 42 (see Fig. 4) which may be included in a control circuit operated at ,a distant point. Thus it will be seen that, assuming that the switch is closed. when the tripmagnet 42 is cnergizwl, the armature .41 is drawn forward, collapsing the toggle 40 and permitting the partial rotation of the detent shaft 39, thereby freeing the bar 35 and permitting the spring 43 to expand, shift- 5 ing the parts instantly upward into contact with, the spring 43. This movement is, as

previously noted, assisted by the counterbalancing springs 44, which in the closed position are stretched. As will more fully appear hereinafter, the same movement which operates the trip coil starts tne motor which rapidly accumulates speed and reengages the clutch, thus putting the top spring 43 under compression and 1n a position to assist- 5 in the closing of the switch when this is necessary. I

The clutcl'iing and imclutchiug of the mo tor with the. worm shaftwill he uuderstorxl.

from Fig. 5, in which 4!) represents an ironclad coil forming part of the clutch magnet 34 containing a movable core-5O connected with a push-rod 51 adapted to push against a cotiperating rod 52 passing through the hollow worm-shpft and engaging a springpressed sleeve This sleeve contains a socket or opening larger in diameter than the tubular worm-shaft in which it is nested,

a helical spring 54 normally tending to hold the clutch open as indicated in Fig. 5.

When howeyer the coil 49 is energized, the core 50 is drawn forward, pushing the rod 52 to the right, compressing the spring 5-1 and enga ing the motor driven jaw of the clutch with the j aw 53 secured to the wormshaft. Immediately on deenerg'iz'ation of the coil 49 however, the spring 54 reacts and pushes 0 )en the clutch-jaws, thus disconnecting t e motor. In the operation of the switch, this is timed as to happen after either the spring-43 or 43 has been put under a. sufficient degree of compression. In the operation of the switch the same closure of the circuit which operates the trip coil 42, operates the clutch 53,, and starts the motor,

but the gear clutch having been set when the parts were brou 'ht to rest from a prior movement in such a position that it could move inde endentl-y, the spring acts much more quickly than the'motor. Thisis a distinctive ,feature of the present,- form of switch, and since there is approximately no load on the. motor when the switch is thrown into operation the parts are in condition or instantaneous action and their iner 1g. 5 compensated for. In the opening movement the movable element of the switch is projected with great violence upwardly to- .ward 'the companion spring 43, and the parts are so arranged that the ener of the spring is substantially expended w en the okel 30 is brought a ainst the spring 43. [lbs motor, however, liavingalready started, instantly operates on the clutch shown in Fig, 11, and is always in proper relation q";- to drlve the same by the slightest leading n'u'ivemes'it andcarries the movable element through the balance of its traverse, putting the spring 44-5 under compression to effect a subsequent closing movement of the switch. V In order to cut the motor and the clutch .7 coil 49 out of circuit when the control spring is fully compressed, certain switch mechanism provided. This mechanism is con-. trolied by the movement of the crankshaft 37. (ln this shaft, as seen in Fig. 8, are three cams, one of which is shown at 57. These cams cooperate with contact fingers 58, 59, (20 (see Fig. L0). -The cam controlling the arm 59 has two notches in its e'nga ing surface 180' apart and when either 0 them is 30 in alinement with the finger 61, the contact 59 falls to the open. position as shown in. Fig. 8. .Vhen, however, the finger 61 is brought by the revolution of the cam out of the notches, contact 59 is raised into engage- 35 ment with fixed contact. P2". The other contacts 5S and 60 have cams in which there is a single projection arranged relatively so as to bring the contacts alternately into engagcmcntwith similar fixed contacts 62*,62.

The circuit relations will be understood from the diagram in Fig. 10, where plus. and. minus represent a source of current which may'inclnde a distant control switch.

The operating'motor is indicated at 31 as a series motor, and 49 represents the clutch coil. and 42 the trip c'oil. j

62 represents a controljswitch which"may f". be located. at the-switchlioard or any' other suitable pointfrom which it. is desired that the operator shall control the switch.

63, 63 represent lamps which may be placed atv a-convenient point to show the operation of the switch.

64 represents a group'of knife switches controlled by a lever 65 (see Fig. 9.), byv which they may be rocked into open or closed relation; in si o h relation they arel adapted to be secure by means of a Yale lock, the bolt of which is shown at 66, and which may be controlled by a key. The knife switches 64. complete four contacts-tor the control circuit, so as to make or break the circuit connections from the mains plus and minus to the'm'otor and cam-o erat ed contacts 58, 59 and 60-. In the normafco'ndb tion of the switch when it is in working 00 dition, this switch will be shifted into closed relation with these contacts, as indicated-in dotted lines in Fig. 8, but when throwlii to 1520 the open position may belocked by a; just referred to, thereby preventing acc'ldents while the switch is under repair by absolutely disabling .the switch from closin the circuit. Now assuming that the manna .125 operating switch 62. is closed on the left-. hand contact, then the circuit thrdpgh theoperating motor would be by way of contact arm 58 thus operating the clutch-coil 49, V

as also the trip .coil 42, instantly releasing 13o the spring, and, say closing the switch. The motor which fini hes the compression of the sprin carries the worm wheel and the clutch with. it around through a definite angle of rotation, thus again setting the crank-shaft off center in which position it is detained by the detent 38 under the control oi the trip-coil 42. As the crank-shaft rotates it will rotate the cams which actuate the movable contact fingers 58, 59 and 60 and these will lie in contact with their respective contacts 62 (32 (in-62, or not, according to the position of these cams. In either the closed or open position of the main switch, the cam 57 will be in non-engaging position with the contact 62"; but thefother two cams keep their contact fingers in contact, one in the open and the .other in the closed position of the switch. When the control switch 62 is thrown to the left to close the main switch, the cam which controls the contact. finger 58 is pusl'iing the latter by means of its projection against the contact 6, thereby closing the control circuitat the point 58. Thus current will be thrown into the-motor when the switch 62 is closed, asjust described, thereby operating the trip coil 42, starting the motor and clutching it to the worm gear. The position of the main switch is indicated by the burning of theindicating lamps 63, 63. In this instance it will be seen that prior to the throwing of the control switch 62, the circuit through the lam 63 is closed at the contact finger 58 while that through the 'lamp 63 is open at the contact finger GO, ;,thus leaving the lam 3 burning to show that the main switch is open. By the moven eint of the switch 62 however, the lamp 63 40 is short circuited and both lam )5 (53, 63? are -le ft extinguished. Immediateiy after the switch arts'move, the motion of the cam 57 raises tie finger 59 against the contact 62*, thereby closin a branch circuit throu h the finger 59 whic is maintained indepen' ently of; themanual control switch 62, keeping the switch in operation and demagnetizing the trip coil A2, Thus a complete cycle of witch movement is guaranteed irrespective f {any interference on the artof th'e oper- ,atorL If the operator shou d close the manv .nal control switch and then quickly open it, .'.he could not interfere with the opening of the main switch. This is an extremely im- ,portant result inasmuch as it puts beyond chance of accident the cyclic movement of theswitch when once started. When the "switch movement has been completed, the turning of the shaft has thrown off the cam "h'i'ch engages contact arm 59 and at the ompletion of the switch movement the contactv arm 60 is moved by its camfiinto engagement with its contact 62, thereby permitting current to flow through the lamp (33, thus showing that the switch is set.

The current passing through the lamp is too weak to operate the motor, magnet 49 or trip coil 42. When the switch is again to be thrown the manual switch 62 will be shifted to the right so asto short-circuit the lamp (33, when. a strong current will be thrown through the motor and trip coil and the switch again operated.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. An electric switch comprising a switch member mounted to move in one direction to make the circuit and in the reverse direction to break the circuit, a spring operating means for moving said member in both directions, a motor for storing energy in said spring operating means during the movement of said member in one direction to effect a movement of said member in the revcrse directionand vice versa, and means for controlling said motor;

2. An electric switch comprising a movable switch member to open and close the circuit, a spring for closing the switch, an independent spring to open it, a motor to store energy in either spring prior to its action on said. member. and means for controlding said motor.

3. An electric switch having a movable switch member. a spring to (:(MITHGF-lJklltlllCH the inertia of the movable parts, av motor for o erating said switch, spring-opening and c osing means strained when the switch is opened to effect a closing movement thereof and vice versa. and means for controlling said motor. p

4. An electric switch comprising a reciprocatory switch member, a power operated crank governing its movement, means for locking the crank in a definite position, a spring to shift the movableswitch member when the crank is released, means for r leasi'ng the crank, and means for automatically cutting off power from said crank.

5. An electric switch comprising a reciprocatory switch-member, spring operating means for throwing the same, a motor for straining the spring, a rotary member driven by the motor and a clutch governing the movement of the reciprocatory member adapted to be driven by the rotary member and means for releasing the clutch and freeing the spring.

6. In an electric switch the combination of a driving motor, spring operating means strained thereby for throwing the switch, a clutch ufor connecting the motor and the 0pcrating means, and means for disconnecting the clutch when the springs are put under suflicient compression. 1 i

7. An electric switch comprising a springactuated reciprocatory member, a motor for storing energy in the springs, a crank for shifting the reciprocatory member, a lock tion of tlie ma-nual switch.

branch circuit through said motor, and

ioperati'n'g said member, a manualswitch for detent to detain said crank in an cit-center position, electromagnetic means for releas; ing the lock and means for stopping said motor when sufficient energy is stored.

8. An electric switch comprising an open ating -motor, a clutch for connecting the same with the movable switchmember, spring operating means for shifting the said member from one to another of its operative positions, and means permitting the member to be moved independentlyv of the inertia of the motor through the major part of its opening or closing movement;

9. A motor-operated switch comprising a movable switch member, springactuated operating devices for shifting said member from one to another of its operative positions, a motor in gear with the movable member, adapted'when operated to strain the spring-operating devices, a magnetically opcrated clutch between the motor and gear, means for opening the clutch at a determinate point in the movement of the gear, and a trip magnet for releasing the springoperating devices independently of motor movement.

10. A motor operatedswitch, comprising a movable member, an actuating spring lying in the path of movement of said mem-' her, a motor for reciprocating said member to compress said s 'iring, means for cutting out the motor when the spring is compressed, a ratchet clutch between the motor and the member, a detent for holding the-spring compressed, and a trip coil to release the detent.

11. An electrically operated switch comprising a driving motor, a movable switch member, a control circuit including a manual. switch, and circuit connections dependentupon the operation of said motor for maintaining the motor in circuit after the manual switch has been closed until the electrically operated. switch has completed its movement irrespective of the maniptila 12. An electric switch comprising a movable switch member, an electric. motor 'for closing a circuit through said motor, and" means operated by the rotation of the motor to close a branch circuit through said motor, whereby the operation of said motor may be completed irrespective of the manipulation'of the manual switch,

.13. An electric switch comprising a. reciprocatory switch member, an electric mo tor for reciprocating said member, two parallel circui ts including said motor, a manual of, one" of said parallel circuits to close. a

means operated by said motor to break the other in condition to be closed by said man= ual switch.

14. An electric switch comprising a movable member, means for storing energy to actuate said member, an electric motor for operating said means, electromagnetic means for releasing said energy comprising a tripping coil, a manual switch for controlling an electric circuit including said coil andmotor, and means actuated by said motor to close a branchsupply circuit through said motor and excluding said coil.

15. An electric switch comprising a movtable member, means'for storing energy to operate said member, an electric motor for operating said means, connecting means between said motor and member comprising an electromagnetic clutch, electromagnetic means for releasing the storederiergy coinprising a tripping coil, :1 manu'aljsivitch for controlling an. electric circuit including the, tripping coil, clutch and motor, and means actuated by said motor to close a branch supply eircuit through said clutch-and motor.

16. An. electric switch comprising a movable switch member, amotor for actuating said member, a supply circ'llit for said motor including a plurality of branches, lamps and circuits therefor operatively related to said branches, and means operated by said motor pthe position of said a detent for arrestingthe crank shaftwhen shifted over center with respect to its 'connesting link, and a trip coil for releasing the 'detent. v

18. In an electric switch, the combination with an oil vessel having restricted openings for the escape of gases, and separable contacts arranged to break in said vessel under oil, of a baiileplate mounted in saidpot in front.- of said openings to deflect the .oil putin motion by the pressure developed by the arc and prevent the oil enter-ing said openin s.

19. 11 electric switch, comprising separable contacts arranged to break under oil, and an oil vessel surrounding said contacts and having in one wall above the oil level a plurality of laterally displaced openings forming restricted passages for the escape of gases. 1 r v 20. Inan oil-switch, the combination of, an oil-chamber and a cap or head therefor formed so asto be removable from the chamber by pressurewithin the chamberi and secured t'o s'a-idchamber by a circuit last manually closed and place t-he l pableof yielding onundue pressure,

tact, an operating motor for the crank shaft,

to change the lamp circuits'so as to indicate frame, a movable contact. atrock arnr-from 21. An oil switch provided with a fixed terminal, and a removable contact connect ed therewith by a plurality of 1ndependent.

spring actuated studs, each connected in metallic contact with sai'dfixed terminal by a flexible connect on.

22. Anelectr1c s\\1tcli ])1' ()\'1 1Qtl with a one end of wl-fi ch the contact is supported, a motor crank com'iected to the center of the rock arm, a lever -pivotally connected at its center to a stationary point on the frame and at one end to the center of the rock ar-m. said lever being, the same length as the rock arm, a tension spring connected between the opposite end of said lever and a fixed point 011 the frame, and means for permitting a lateral moven'ient of the free end of the rock arm whereby the movable contact is reciprocated in a right line.

23. An electric switchcomprising a reciprocatory switch member, compression springs for engaging said member in its extreme positions, a motor for moving said member to compress said springs, springs for connterbalancing the weight. of said member and means for controlling said motor.

24. An electric switch comprising a vertically reciprm-atin; switch member. verticallyarranged compression springs for engaging said member in'its extreme positions, means for moving said member into engage ment with said springs to compress them. a lever connected at its center to a fixed pointand at one end to said reciprocatory switch member. and connter-l'ialancing springs connected between the other end of said lever and a fixed point.

25. An electric switch comprising a movable switch member, an operating crank therefor, means for storing energy to operate said crank, a dog for locking said crank against. rotation. a toggle. for rocking said dog into and out of engaging position. and electromagnetic meansfor breaking said toggle to-release said crank.

26. In an electric switch, the combination with relatively movable coii'perat g contacts biased to separate, of operating mechanism for said contacts, eonnectionior moving said contacts comprising a clutch controlled by said mechanism whereby said mechanism during itscontinnous movement. in one direction brings said contacts into engagement" and at. a predetermined point in its movement leaves them free to separate independently of said mechanism,and latching means for holding said contacts in engagement,

27. In an electric switch, the combination with relatively movable cooperating con-' tacts biased to separate, and means for moving said contacts, of operating mechanism a clutch between: said means and said mechanism for connecting said means to said mechanism duringclo'S- l ing movement of the switch and to release said means from said mechanism aftert he swltch is closed, and latching means for '-l1olding' said contacts in engagemnti 28. In an electric ,switch, the cbmbinat-ion '{with' r'elativelymovable cooperating con. tacts biased to separate, of operating mechanism forsaid cont-acts, a rotatable rrnambkr I having a crank pin thereon, connectlons'between said crank pin and said cont-acts'foi bringing said contacts intowhen said crank pin is near center, a clutch between said; operating mechanism and said member fjr moving said crank pin over center and then permitting said member to rotate independently of said mechanism, and latching means for stoppin said crank pin over center with said contacts in engagement. i

29. An electric switch comprising a movable switch member biased to break the cir- A cuitwhen the switch is closed, an operating crank for holding said switch member in circuit closing position when said crank is neardead center, and latching means for stopping said crank off center with said switch member in circuit closing position. 3t). Anelectric switch comprising a. movable switch member, a crank shaft-for act-uating said men'iber, an arm carried by. said shaft, a crank on said shaft, connected; to said switch member to actuate it, a dog mounted in the path of n1ovement of said arm to stop said shaft with said crank ofi center, and means into and out of engaging position.

31. An electric switch-comprising a} movable switch member, a crank connected to engagement for movmg said dogsaid switch member to actuate it, an arm movable into engagement therewith and opfixed magnet coil for throwing the clutch members into engagement. 34;. An electric switch comprising a. movable switch member, separately operating coincidently with the opening and-clos n' e e a ee h Switch nswe t motor shaft, a cooperating clutch member eratively connected to said member, and a.

springs for reciprocating said member, a motor for alternatelystraining said springs its ternately releasing thesprings and cutting in the motor both to open and close the circuit.

' 35. An electric switch comprising an oil pot of conducting material constituting a' circuit terminal, a movable cup-shaped con;

ently oi: the nn'nernent of the control switch.

tact adapted to embrace the same, and

other contacts located Within the pot and adapted to break the circuit under oil.

36. An oil-pot for an ,electric switch heving an insulator guide formed soas to he removable from the pot by pressure in the pot and secured to the upper endv of the pot by means of a joint of Babbitt metal,

- 37. An electric switch. comprising a. reciproeatory switch member penduiously sup ported free from guides, parallel motion mechanism for giving the said, member a right line motion, and oppositely disposed springs for projecting said neinberto and fro throngh'its range of motion and. a not tor for storing energy in said. springs,

38. An electrically operated switch comprising a driving motor, a movable switch member, a control circuit, a control switch in said circuit, and connections governed by the movementof the-motor for holding the circuit closed through. the motor for a determinate range of movement independ- 39. An electrically operated switch comprising a driving motor, a movable switch member, a control circuit, a control switch in said circuit, a normally openshunt around said control switch and means for closing said shunt by the operation of the motor and automatically opening it after u deterniimite range of motor movement.

in witness whereof We have hereunto set our hands this 6th day of January, 1902.

Wi tnesses EDWARD WILLIAMS, J r

'3 As NA E. BUTTON.

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