US994922A - Composition of matter. - Google Patents

Description

106. COMPOSITIONS,

' COATING OR PLASTIC.

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'9 2- y '*f8pwificationbf1ethnhhnt -Patented June 13,1911. ing. --Lpp1i0ation.fl1edlune 1,1aoa.=.l m1 10.499329. I

.To all whom may Be it known that I, Enounm) Hncm, a citizen of the French Re ublic, and a resident of Marseille, in the epartment of the Bouches du Rhone, France, have invented a new and useful composition of matter to be used in processes of binding coal dusts and disintegrated coals, slacks of every descrip{ tion and quality, mineral and vegetal, cokes, and easily employed with any .kind of ma chinery intended for the making of coal briquets of all shapes, rectangular, ovoid, ball-shaped, etc., the composition producing :no disagreeable smoke or odor and being very strong and perfectly waterproof, of which the following is a specification.

My composition consists of the followin ingredients: fecula (starch) or flour of bar rice, or corn or any other flour containing plenty of starch and amylopectin; bichromate of potassium, (Cr,O K Portland cement, (natural or artificial;) water, substantially pure.

Amylopectin is a name given by Professor Macquenne to the amylocellulose, which was thought to exist, in small quantities only, in the starch of the cereals, but may be formed spontaneously in the starch, under the influence either of the weather or of some mineral or organic matter, as shown by recent researches of the above named Professor Macquenne et RouxA'rmaZes de phyaz'gue et Ohz'mie 1906and Reports Remius dc ZAcadmie de Science de Paris 1903 p. 42.

The ingredients forming my composition are to be thoroughly mixed and reduced into a aste by boiling with water.

t is very simple to make coal briquets with the said composition of matter: only to add the coal dust or slacks of any descri tion to the above ingredients. They may mixed and reduced into paste either separately or all together, great advantage permitting the effective use of this binder with any kind of existing processes and of briqueting machinery.

Briquets are now made with pitch and two processes are principally employed: In one, the pitch is melted into a tank, then carried to several mixers where it is thoroughly mixed with the coal dust, preparatory to 0 into the presses producing the desired s ape. For that process, the three similar tank or any other suitable recipient, the paste is conveyed to the mixers where it is 'thoroughl when being of a :fit consistency and very homogenous, is directed into the presses. In the, second process, the pitch and coal dusts are cracked and mixed when dry ina special mixer, conveyed to a. second mixer where they are converted into paste by .means of live "steam, the paste goes then into the presses. For that process, the three ingredients "forming my composition are mixed, being -in"powders,-with thecoal (lust and reduced into paste in the second mixer by -means-of the live steam, the paste is then conveyed into the presses. The briquets, after their compression, must be left in a dry stove or oven, or passage kept at a temperature of 100 C., durin half an hour for the ovoids or ball-shaped orms of small weight, one hour for the briquets of ten pounds, one hour and a half for the briquets of twenty pounds. After that necessary desiccation, the briquets have acquired a sufiicient hardness to stand rough handling and their coherence increases in the course of time, they remain in good condition in damp duced into paste by w mter a y mixed with the coal dust and places and even when completely immersed in water, finall they burn without producing any smo e or disagreeable smell as briquets made with pitch do. The ashes, left by the combustion are 1.25% (per cent.) higher in weight than the ashes normally contained in the coal or the mixture of coal used for the manufacture of briquets.

There is a very eat variety of different coals, anthracite, ituminous, lignite, etc., and each kind varying in its composition, the formula for the employment of this binder varies accordingly on account of the coal used. For the anthracite briquets, it is in weight as follows:

'2 1 z Water (about) 45 gallons All that for 1940 pounds of slack or coal dust.

ingredients forming my composition are re- For lignite briquets, the most difiicult to bind, the formula must .be altered .as follows:

Fecula Sstarch! or flour of hard 5 rice, or 0 corn, e c 64 pounds Por land cem t (natural or artificial; 5 pounds Bichromate of 0 t a s si u m r 1 2 10 ounces Water (about) 40 gallons All that for 1920 pounds of lignite powder or dust.

With and between these two formulas, any quality of coal may be successfully briqueted. The manipulations, care for mixing, with any kind of coals are quite the same, varying only a little in accordance with the machinery used, but for the desiccation of lignite briquets, the temperature in the ovens must be kept between and 0., and the operation must last about half an hour more than the time previously fixed for the various kinds of anthracite. The quality of the coal employed necessitates only slight changes in he proportioning and the preparation of the ingredients, and it will be found more useful and convenient in use in the briqueting establishments.

I claim:

The herein-described composition of matter, consisting of flour of any cereals, vegetables and plants containing starch and amylopectin, bichromate of potassium (Cr O K Portland cement (natural and artificial), water, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

EDOUARD HEOKEL. Witnesses:

' EBERLIN PHILIPPE,

OLLARY FRANQOIS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for live cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.