USRE37208E1 - Polyolefins prepared with metallocene catalysts having 2-substituted indenyl type ligands - Google Patents
Polyolefins prepared with metallocene catalysts having 2-substituted indenyl type ligands Download PDFInfo
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- USRE37208E1 USRE37208E1 US08/324,260 US32426094A USRE37208E US RE37208 E1 USRE37208 E1 US RE37208E1 US 32426094 A US32426094 A US 32426094A US RE37208 E USRE37208 E US RE37208E
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- 0 C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.CC.CC.CC(C)(C)C.Cc1c(C)c(CCCc2c(C)c(C)c3c2CCCC3)c2c1CCCC2 Chemical compound C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.C.CC.CC.CC(C)(C)C.Cc1c(C)c(CCCc2c(C)c(C)c3c2CCCC3)c2c1CCCC2 0.000 description 8
- BQNHBEGFBAGOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=PC.CC(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)C(C)(C)C.CCC(C)(C)C.COC.COC(C)(C)C.COC(C)(C)OC.CSC.C[GeH2]C.C[Sn]C Chemical compound C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.C=PC.CC(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)C(C)(C)C.CCC(C)(C)C.COC.COC(C)(C)C.COC(C)(C)OC.CSC.C[GeH2]C.C[Sn]C BQNHBEGFBAGOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVFIVWRIZCDZGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)C.C[Si](C)(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C.C[Si](C)(C)C BVFIVWRIZCDZGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F17/00—Metallocenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/0805—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising only Si, C or H atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F110/06—Propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/639—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/63912—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/639—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6392—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/63922—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
- C08F4/63927—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/943—Polymerization with metallocene catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel metallocenes which contain ligands of 2-substituted indenyl derivatives and can very advantageously be used as catalysts in the preparation of polyolefins of high melting point (high isotacticity).
- Polyolefins of relatively high melting point and thus relatively high crystallinity and relatively high hardness are particularly important as engineering materials (for example large hollow articles, tubes and moldings).
- Chiral metallocenes are, in combination with aluminoxanes, active, stereospecific catalysts for the preparation of polyolefins (U.S. Pat. No. 4,769,510). These metallocenes also include substituted indene compounds.
- aluminoxanes active, stereospecific catalysts for the preparation of polyolefins
- These metallocenes also include substituted indene compounds.
- the use of the ethylenebis(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl)zirconium dichloride/aluminoxane catalyst system is known for the preparation of isotactic polypropylene; cf. EP-A 185 918). Both this and numerous other polymerization processes coming under the prior art have, in particular, the disadvantage that, at industrially interesting polymerization temperatures, only polymers of relatively low melting points are obtained. Their crystallinity and thus their hardness are too low for use as engineering materials.
- metallocenes which contain, as ligands, certain 2-substituted indenyl derivatives are suitable catalysts for the preparation of polyolefins of high isotacticity (melting point) and narrow molecular weight distribution.
- the present invention therefore provides the compounds of the formula I below
- M 1 is a metal from group IVb, Vb or VIb of the Periodic Table
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 -alkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 -alkoxy group, a C 6 -C 10 -aryl group, a C 6 -C 10 -aryloxy group, a C 2 -C 10 -alkenyl group, a C 7 -C 40 -arylalkyl group, a C 7 -C 40 -alkylaryl group, a C 8 -C 40 -arylalkenyl group or a halogen atom,
- R 3 and R 4 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 -alkyl group, which may be halogenated, a C 6 -C 10 -aryl group, an —NR 2 15 , —SR 15 , —OSiR 3 15 , —SiR 3 15 or —PR 2 15 radical in which R 15 is a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 -alkyl group or a C 6 -C 10 -aryl group,
- R 5 and R 6 are identical or different and are as defined for R 3 and R 4 , with the proviso that R 5 and R 6 are not hydrogen,
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 -alkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 -fluoroalkyl group, a C 6 -C 10 -aryl group, a C 6 -C 10 -fluoroaryl group, a C 1 -C 10 -alkoxy group, a C 2 -C 10 -alkenyl group, a C 7 -C 40 -arylalkyl group, a C 8 -C 40 -arylalkenyl group or a C 7 -C 40 -alkylaryl group, or R 11 and R 12 or R 11 and R 13 , in each case with the atoms connecting them, form a ring,
- M 2 is silicon, germanium or tin
- R 8 and R 9 are identical or different and are as defined for R 11 ,
- n and n are identical or different and are zero, 1 or 2, m plus n being zero, 1 or 2, and,
- R 10 are identical or different and are as defined for R 11 , R 12 and R 13 .
- Halogen is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, preferably fluorine or chlorine.
- M 1 is a metal from group IVb, Vb or VIb of the Periodic Table, for example titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten, preferably zirconium, hafnium or titanium.
- R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 -, preferably C 1 -C 3 -alkyl group, a C 1 -C 10 -, preferably C 1 -C 3 -alkoxy group, a C 6 -C 10 -, preferably C 6 -C 8 -aryl group, a C 6 -C 10 -, preferably C 6 -C 8 -aryloxy group, a C 2 -C 10 -, preferably C 2 -C 4 -alkenyl group, a C 7 -C 40 , preferably C 7 -C 10 -arylalkyl group, a C 7 -C 40 -, preferably C 7 -C 12 -alkylaryl group, a C 8 -C 40 -, preferably C 8 -C 12 -arylalkenyl group or a halogen atom, preferably chlorine.
- R 3 and R 4 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, a C 1 -C 10 -, preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl group, which may be halogenated, a C 6 -C 10 -, preferably C 6 -C 8 -aryl group, an —NR 2 15 , —SR 15 , —OSiR 3 15 , —SiR 3 15 or —PR 2 15 radical in which R 15 is a halogen atom, preferably a chlorine atom, or a C 1 -C 10 -, preferably C 1 -C 3 -alkyl group or a C 6 -C 10 -, preferably C 6 -C 8 -aryl group.
- R 3 and R 4 are particularly preferably hydrogen.
- R 5 and R 6 are identical or different, preferably identical, and are as defined for R 3 and R 4 , with the proviso that R 5 and R 6 cannot be hydrogen.
- R 5 and R 6 are preferably (C 1 -C 4 )-alkyl which may be halogenated, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl or trifluoromethyl, in particular methyl.
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 10 -, preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl group, in particular a methyl group, a C 1 -C 10 -fluoroalkyl group, preferably a CF 3 group, a C 6 -C 10 -, preferably C 6 -C 8 -aryl group, a C 6 -C 10 -fluoroaryl group, preferably a pentafluorophenyl group, a C 1 -C 10 -, preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy group, in particular a methoxy group, a C 2 -C 10 -, preferably C 2 -C 4 -alkenyl group, a C 7 -C 40 -, preferably C 7 -C 10 -arylalkyl group, a C 8 -C 40 -, preferably C 8 -
- M 2 is silicon, germanium or tin, preferably silicon or germanium.
- R 7 is preferably ⁇ CR 11 R 12 , ⁇ SiR 11 R 12 , ⁇ GeR 11 R 12 , —O—, —S—, ⁇ SO, ⁇ PR 11 or ⁇ P(O)R 11 .
- R 8 and R 9 are identical or different and are as define as for R 11 .
- n and n are identical or different and are zero, 1 or 2, preferably zero or 1, where m plus n is zero, 1 or 2, preferably zero or 1.
- the radicals R 10 are identical or different and are as defined for R 11 , R 12 and R 13 .
- the radicals R 10 are preferably hydrogen atoms or C 1 -C 10 , preferably C 1 -C 4 -alkyl groups.
- the particularly preferred metallocenes are thus those in which, in the formula I, M 1 is Zr or Hf, R 1 and R 2 are identical or different and are methyl or chlorine, R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen, R 5 and R 6 are identical or different and are methyl, ethyl or trifluoromethyl, R 7 is
- n plus m is zero or 1
- R 10 is hydrogen; in particular the compounds I listed in the working examples.
- rac-dimethylsilyl(2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) 2 zirconium dichloride rac-ethylene(2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) 2 zirconium dichloride, racdimethylsilyl(2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) 2 dimethylzirconium and rac-ethylene(2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) 2 dimethylzirconium are particularly important.
- the chiral metallocenes are employed as racemates for the preparation of highly isotactic poly-1-olefins. However, it is also possible to use the pure R- or S-form. These pure stereoisomeric forms allow the preparation of an optically active polymer. However, the meso form of the metallocenes should be separated off since the polymerization-active center (the metal atom) in these compounds is no longer chiral due to mirror symmetry at the central metal, and it is therefore not possible to produce a highly isotactic polymer.
- the present invention furthermore provides a process for the preparation of the metallocenes I, which comprises
- R 3 -R 10 , m and n are defined in the formula I and M 3 is an alkali metal, preferably lithium, with a compound of the formula III
- M 3 is a defined in the formula I
- X is a halogen atom, preferably chlorine, and catalytically hydrogenating the reaction product, or
- the synthesis is carried out under a protective gas and in anhydrous solvents.
- the dried salt of the formula III/IIa is added to a suspension of the compound of the formula III in a solvent such as toluene, n-hexane, di-chloromethane, ether, THF, n-pentane or benzene, preferably dichloromethane or toluene.
- the reaction temperature is from ⁇ 78° C. to 30° C., preferably from ⁇ 40° C. to 10° C.
- the reaction duration is from 0.25 to 24 hours, preferably from 1 to 4 hours.
- a further embodiment of the process according to the invention comprises replacing the compound III, M 1 X 4 , by a compound of the formula IIIa, M 1 X 4 L 2 .
- L is a donor ligand.
- suitable donor ligands are tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dimethyl ether, inter alia, preferably tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- a solution of the salt of the formula II/IIa in one of the abovementioned solvents is added to a solution or suspension of a compound of the formula IIIa in a solvent such as toluene, xylene, ether or THF, preferably THF.
- a solvent such as toluene, xylene, ether or THF, preferably THF.
- an alternative procedure is to simultaneously add both components dropwise to a solvent. This is the preferred procedure.
- the reaction temperature is from ⁇ 40° C. to 100° C., preferably from 0° C. to 50° C., in particular from 10° C. to 35° C.
- the reaction duration is from 0.25 hour to 48 hours, preferably from 1 hour to 24 hours, in particular from 2 hours to 9 hours.
- the hydrogenation is carried out in a dry, anhydrous solvent such as H 2 CCl 2 or glyme.
- the reaction temperature is 20° to 70° C., preferably from ambient temperature to 50° C.
- the pressure is from 5 to 200 bar, preferably from 20 to 120 bar, in particular from 35 to 100 bar
- the reaction duration is from 0.25 to 24 hours, preferably from 0.5 to 18 hours, in particular from 1 to 12 hours.
- Hydrogenation reactors which can be used are steel autoclaves.
- the hydrogenation catalyst used is platinum, platinum oxide, palladium or another conventional transition-metal catalyst.
- the compounds of the formulae II and IIa are synthesized by deprotonation. This reaction is known; cf. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112 (1990) 2030-2031, ibid. 110 (1988) 6255-6256, ibid. 109 (1987), 6544-6545, J. Organomet. Chem., 322 (1987) 6570, New. J. Chem. 14 (1990) 499-503 and the working examples.
- the metallocenes I can thus in principle be prepared in accordance with the reaction scheme below:
- the cocatalyst used according to the invention in the polymerization of olefins is an aluminoxane of the formula (IV)
- radicals R may be identical or different and are a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl group, a C 6 -C 18 -aryl group or hydrogen, and p is an integer from 2 to 50, preferably from 10 to 35.
- the radicals R are preferably identical and are methyl, isobutyl, phenyl or benzyl, particularly preferably methyl.
- radicals R are different, they are preferably methyl and hydrogen or alternatively methyl and isobutyl, preferably from 0.01 to 40% (of the number of radicals R) being hydrogen or isobutyl.
- the aluminoxane can be prepared in different ways by known processes.
- One of the methods is, for example, the reaction of an aluminum-hydrocarbon compound and/or a hydridoaluminum-hydrocarbon compound with water (gaseous, solid, liquid or bound—for example as water of crystallization) in an inert solvent (such as, for example, toluene).
- an inert solvent such as, for example, toluene.
- two different trialkylaluminum compounds AlR 3 +AlR′ 3
- water cf. S. Pasynkiewicz, Polyhedron 9 (1990) 429 and EP-A 302 424).
- the preactivation of the transition-metal compound is carried out in solution.
- the metallocene is preferably dissolved in a solution of the aluminoxane in an inert hydrocarbon.
- Suitable inert hydrocarbons are aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons. Toluene is preferred.
- the concentration of the aluminoxane in the solution is in the range from about 1% by weight up to the saturation limit, preferably from 5 to 30% by weight, in each case based on the entire solution.
- the metallocene can be employed in the same concentration, but is preferably employed in an amount of from 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 1 mol per mole of aluminoxane.
- the preactivation time is from 5 minutes to 60 hours, preferably from 5 to 60 minutes.
- the preactivation temperature is from ⁇ 78° C. to 100° C., preferably from 0 to 70° C.
- the metallocene can also be prepolymerized or applied to a support.
- the prepolymerization is preferably carried out using the olefin (or one of the olefin) employed in the polymerization.
- suitable supports are silica gels, aluminum oxides, solid aluminoxane or other inorganic support materials.
- Another suitable support material is a polyolefin powder in finely divided form.
- a further possible variation of the process comprises using a salt-like compound of the formula R x NH 4 ⁇ x BR′ 4 or of the formula R 3 PHBR′ 4 as cocatalyst instead of or in addition to an aluminoxane.
- x here is 1, 2 or 3
- the R radicals are identical or different and are alkyl or aryl
- R′ is aryl, which may also be fluorinated or partially fluorinated.
- the catalyst comprises the product of the reaction of a metallocene with one of said compounds (cf. EP-A 277 004).
- the polymerization or copolymerization is carried out in a known manner in solution, in suspension or in the gas phase, continuously or batchwise, in one or more steps, at a temperature of from 0° to 150° C., preferably from 30° to 80° C.
- Olefins of the formula R a —CH ⁇ CH—R b are polymerized or copolymerized.
- R a and R b are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 14 carbon atoms.
- R a and R b together with the carbon atoms connecting them, may also form a ring.
- olefins are ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, norbornene or norbornadiene.
- propylene and ethylene are polymerized.
- the molecular weight regulator added is hydrogen.
- the overall pressure in the polymerization system is from 0.5 to 100 bar.
- the polymerization is preferably carried out in the industrially particularly interesting pressure range of from 5 to 64 bar.
- the metallocene is used in a concentration, based on the transition metal, of from 10 ⁇ 3 to 10 ⁇ 8 , preferably from 10 ⁇ 4 to 10 ⁇ 7 mol of transition metal per dm 3 of solvent or per dm 3 of reactor volume.
- the aluminoxane is used in a concentration of from 10 ⁇ 5 to 10 ⁇ 1 mol, preferably from 10 ⁇ 4 to 10 2 mol, per dm 3 of solvent or per dm 3 of reactor volume. In principle, however, higher concentrations are also possible.
- the polymerization is carried out as a suspension or solution polymerization, an inert solvent which is customary for the Ziegler low-pressure process is used.
- the polymerization is carried out in an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon; examples of these which may be mentioned are butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, isooctane, cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane.
- the polymerization is preferably carried out in the liquid monomer.
- the monomers are metered in in gaseous or liquid form.
- the polymerization can have any desired duration since the catalyst system to be used according to the invention exhibits only a low time-dependent drop in polymerization activity.
- the process is distinguished by the fact that the metallocenes according to the invention give, in the industrially interesting temperature range of between 30° and 80° C., polymers of high molecular weight, high stereospecificity, narrow molecular weight dispersity and, in particular, high melting point, which is to say high crystallinity and high hardness.
- VN viscosity number in cm 3 /g
- M w weight average molecular weight determined by gel
- n molecular weight dispersity permeation chro- matography
- the melting points and heats of melting ⁇ H melt were determined using DSC (heating and cooling rate 20° C./min).
- the 1 H-NMR spectrum exhibits the signals expected for an isomer mixture with respect to shift and integration ratio.
- the 1 H-NMR spectrum corresponds to expectations for an isomer mixture in signal shift and integration.
- the dilithio salt obtained in this way was added at ⁇ 78° C. to a suspension of 1.24 g (5.32 mmol) of ZrCl in 50 cm 3 of CH 2 Cl 2 , and the mixture was stirred at this temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was then warmed to room temperature overnight and evaporated.
- the 1 H-NMR spectrum showed, in addition to the presence of some ZrCl 4 (thf) 2 , a rac/meso mixture. After stirring with n-pentane and drying, the solid, yellow residue was suspended in THF, filtered off and examined by NMR spectroscopy. These three working steps were repeated a number of times; finally, 0.35 g (0.73 mmol/14%) of product was obtained in which the rac form, according to 1 H-NMR, was enriched to more than 17:1.
- ⁇ 0.90 (s, 6H, Me-Si); 1.43-1.93 (m, 8H, indenyl-H); 2.10 (s, 6H, 2-Me); 2.44-3.37 (m, 8H, indenyl-H); 6.05 (s, 2H, 3-H-Ind).
- Ind indenyl
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- PP polypropylene
- PE polyethylene
- Metallocenes I as catalysts for the polymerization of olefins
- the activity of the metallocene was 50.3 kg of PP/g of metallocene ⁇ h.
- Example 1 was repeated, but 19.5 mg (0.04 mmol) of the metallocene were employed, and the polymerizaton temperature was 50° C.
- the activity of the metallocene was 18.8 kg of PP/g of metallocene ⁇ h.
- Example 1 was repeated, but 58.0 mg (0.12 mmol) of the metallocene were used and the polymerization temperature was 30° C.
- Comparative Examples F/G with D/E confirms the positive effect of the 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindenyl ligand compared with indenyl
- Comparative Examples F/G/H compared with A/B/C show the positive effect of the substitution in the 2-position of the indenyl ligand.
- Example 1 was repeated, but 6.8 mg (0.015 mmol) of ethylene(2-Me-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl) 2 zirconium dichloride were employed.
- the metallocene activity was 72.5 kg of PP/g of metallocene ⁇ h.
- Example 4 was repeated, but 28.1 mg (0.062 mmol) of the metallocene were used and the polymerization temperature was 50° C.
- the metallocene activity was 28.5 kg of PP/g of metallocene ⁇ h.
- Example 4 was repeated, but 50 mg (0.110 mmol) of the metallocene were used and the polymerization temperature was 30° C.
- the metallocene activity was 10.9 kg of PP/g of metallocene ⁇ h.
- Examples 4 to 6 were repeated, but the metallocenes ethylene(1-indenyl) 2 zirconium dichloride (metallocene 4) and ethylene(2-Me-1-indenyl) 2 zirconium dichloride (metallocene 5) were used.
Abstract
Description
VN = | viscosity number in cm3/g | |
Mw = | weight average molecular weight | determined by gel |
Mw/Mn = | molecular weight dispersity | permeation chro- |
matography | ||
II = | isotactic index (II = mm + ½ mr), | |
determined by 13C-NMR spectroscopy | ||
niso = | length of the isotactic blocks | |
(in propylen units) | ||
(niso = 1 + 2 mm/mr), | ||
determined by 13C-NMR | ||
spectroscopy | ||
Comp. | Polym. | M.p. | ΔHmelt | ||
Ex. | Metallocene | temp. [° C.] | niso | [° C.] | [J/g] |
A | 1 | 70 | 38 | 145 | 86.6 |
B | 1 | 50 | 48 | 148 | 88.1 |
C | 1 | 30 | 48 | 152 | 90.2 |
D | 2 | 70 | 34 | 141 | — |
E | 2 | 50 | 38 | 143 | — |
F | 3 | 70 | 32 | 140 | — |
G | 3 | 50 | 34 | 142 | — |
H | 3 | 30 | 37 | 145 | — |
Comp. | Polym. | M.p. | ΔHmelt | ||
Ex. | Metallocene | temp. [° C.] | niso | [° C.] | [J/g] |
I | 4 | 70 | 23 | 132 | 64.9 |
K | 4 | 50 | 30 | 138 | 78.1 |
L | 4 | 30 | 29 | 137 | 78.6 |
M | 5 | 70 | 25 | 134 | 77.0 |
N | 5 | 50 | 30 | 13S | 7S.9 |
O | 5 | 30 | 32 | 138 | 7S.6 |
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/324,260 USRE37208E1 (en) | 1990-11-12 | 1994-10-17 | Polyolefins prepared with metallocene catalysts having 2-substituted indenyl type ligands |
US08/895,950 USRE39561E1 (en) | 1990-11-12 | 1997-07-17 | Metallocenes containing ligands of 2-substituted indenyl derivatives, process for their preparation, and their use as catalysts |
US08/895,909 USRE39532E1 (en) | 1990-11-12 | 1997-07-17 | Metallocenes containing ligands of 2-substituted indenyl derivatives, process for their preparation, and their use as catalysts |
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US07/789,361 US5276208A (en) | 1990-11-12 | 1991-11-08 | Metallocenes containing ligands of 2-substituted idenyl derivatives, process for their preparation, and their use as catalysts |
US08/324,260 USRE37208E1 (en) | 1990-11-12 | 1994-10-17 | Polyolefins prepared with metallocene catalysts having 2-substituted indenyl type ligands |
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CA (1) | CA2055218C (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3282839B2 (en) | 2002-05-20 |
CA2055218A1 (en) | 1992-05-13 |
CA2055218C (en) | 2002-09-03 |
ES2090209T3 (en) | 1996-10-16 |
JPH06340684A (en) | 1994-12-13 |
AU640287B2 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
AU8776091A (en) | 1992-05-14 |
DE59107926D1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
ZA918927B (en) | 1992-07-29 |
US5276208A (en) | 1994-01-04 |
EP0485821A1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
EP0485821B1 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
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