USRE44209E1 - Method and system for real-time control of document printing - Google Patents
Method and system for real-time control of document printing Download PDFInfo
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- USRE44209E1 USRE44209E1 US13/397,620 US201213397620A USRE44209E US RE44209 E1 USRE44209 E1 US RE44209E1 US 201213397620 A US201213397620 A US 201213397620A US RE44209 E USRE44209 E US RE44209E
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to controlled printing of documents within a content copy protection system.
- Printing electronic documents within a personal computer operating system typically involves selecting a printer from a list of available local and network printers, selecting print options for the selected printer, and issuing a print request.
- a printer driver for the selected printer then sends data for printing to a print spool, which is a buffer feeding into a printer board.
- the document After a print request is issued, the document is listed in a print queue for the selected printer, while the print job is pending.
- An administrator or the user issuing the print request typically can delete the job prior to its execution, and abort the print job while it is executing.
- Prior art print workflows do not enable real-time control of printing, other than deleting and aborting a print job.
- User and document access control parameters and printer control parameters are pre-configured.
- Today's digital rights management and secure document environments focus on copy protection, but print control is only enforced by pre-set parameters, and by enabling or disabling printing altogether.
- the present invention provides a method and system for controlled printing of documents within a content copy protection system.
- the present invention enables inter alia real-time document access control, real-time document watermarking, and real-time control of which printers a document can be printed on.
- a method for real-time control of document printing including intercepting a print request for an original document by a user, obtaining print information corresponding to the original document, in response to the intercepting, the print information including an address for a print server, re-issuing the print request by a server computer, and sending the print request and the print information to the print server.
- a method for real-time control of document printing including in response to a request by a client computer to print an original document, obtaining document print information corresponding to the original document, generating a modified document comprising embedding the document print information within the original document, and sending the modified document to a print server.
- a system for real-time control of document printing including an administrative tool for specifying document-specific print information for a collection of original documents, a server computer including an interceptor for intercepting a print request for an original document, a print control processor for obtaining print information specific to the original document, and a request generator for re-issuing the print request, and a client computer including a request generator for issuing a print request for an original document, a transmitter for sending the print request and print information specific to the original document to the server computer.
- a system for real-time control of document printing including a data storage for providing document print information corresponding to an original document, a document generator for obtaining document print information corresponding to an original document and for generating a modified document by embedding the document print information within the original document, in response to a request by a user to print the original document, and a transmitter for sending the modified document to a print server.
- a method for real-time control of document printing including intercepting a print request for an original document by a user, obtaining print information corresponding to the original document, in response to the intercepting; and logging the print request and at least a portion of the print information.
- a system for real-time control of document printing including an interceptor for intercepting a print request for an original document by a user, a print control processor for obtaining print information corresponding to the original document, in response to the intercepting, and a print event logger for logging the print request and at least a portion of the print information.
- a print server including a pre-check module for dynamically processing print information at run-time, a document requester for requesting a document to be printed from a document management system, a format processor for converting a document from a native format to an internal format, and a print module for delivering content to be printed to a print spool.
- a method for serving documents to a printer including dynamically processing print information at run-time, requesting a document to be printed from a document management system, converting a document from a native format to an internal format, and delivering content to be printed to a print spool.
- a document management system with secure printing including a document manager for managing a storage of original documents, a user account manager for managing at least one user account, for at least one user having at least partial access to the original documents, an interceptor for intercepting a print request for an original document, and a print control processor for obtaining print information specific to the original document.
- a method for secure printing within a document management system including managing a storage of original documents, managing at least one user account, for at least one user having at least partial access to the original documents, intercepting a print request for an original document, and obtaining print information specific to the original document.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a controlled printing system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2A is a simplified block diagram of a server-side component of a system for controlled printing, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2B is a simplified block diagram of a client-side component of a system for controlled printing, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3A is a simplified block diagram of a print server for controlled printing, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is a user interface with a sample print options dialogue, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a simplified flowchart for document preparation within a copy protection application, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a simplified flowchart for a controlled print process, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a simplified data sequence diagram for an authentication and secure print workflow, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a simplified data flow diagram for setting print and watermark attributes for a document, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention provides a method and system for printing documents within a secure content copy protection system.
- the present invention operates as a component of a “secure display” system.
- An example of such a system is applicant's MirageTM enterprise software product, which is used to protect text and image content displayed on a computer monitor for viewing, from being copied.
- Mirage includes server-side software that encrypts content prior to delivering it to clients, and client-side software for decrypting the content prior to displaying it.
- the present invention is used to add secure printing functionality to Mirage, to complement its secure display capability.
- Secure printing functionality enables a user who is viewing a secure document on his display to print the document, yet does not expose to the user an unencrypted document file. In order to print the document, the user must have appropriate authorization and be able to authenticate himself.
- the present invention provides the capability to dynamically watermark the document at print time. Such watermark may include, for example, a CONFIDENTIAL mark or a DO NOT DUPLICATE mark, on each page of the document that is printed, as well as print job and user information and an expiration date and/or time.
- the present invention dynamically logs each print event, as described hereinbelow.
- the Mirage system can be integrated within a web server, and used to protect HTML pages, XML pages and other web content. Mirage can also be integrated within a document management system (DMS), such as Livelink, which is a DMS developed and manufactured by Open Text Corporation of Waterloo, Canada, and Documentum, which is a DMS developed and manufactured by Documentum, Inc. of Pleasanton, Calif. Mirage enhances DMS capability by providing copy protection for displayed documents.
- DMS document management system
- a DMS typically includes its own digital rights management, including permissions that require authentication.
- Mirage authentication preferably operates in conjunction with DMS authentication.
- Mirage manages permissions using administrative rules and using a properties file.
- Administrative rules are typically set by an administrator, and specify paths for directories and files wherein protected content resides, and one or more rules to be associated therewith.
- administration rules include printing attributes. If an administration rule applies to a specific document, then print attributes within the rule are used for such document.
- a properties file is set when Mirage is configured, and typically contains initial permission information and default permission information. In conjunction with Mirage, the DMS may add additional permission information.
- the present invention associates print and watermark attributes with document print permissions.
- Each such attribute includes a space-delimited list of parameters.
- the print and watermark attributes are described in Table I hereinbelow, and typically are document-specific.
- the present invention embeds an encrypted header within a document file, prior to sending the document to a client for display.
- the encrypted header is used inter alia to store print and watermark attributes.
- the encrypted header includes the following fields:
- Print attributes are collected into the encrypted header as a block denoted PRINTINFO.
- the encrypted header includes PRINTINFO:: 1 , ⁇ PRINTINFO ⁇ , where
- relevant print and watermark attributes are included within SU, PD and HD.
- the encrypted header contains a plain text block and an encrypted block.
- the plain text block contains inter alia a key ID, for requesting a key from a key server to decode the encrypted block.
- the encrypted block contains inter alia the above PRINTINFO block of data, and also contains a key for encrypting at least a portion of the document text.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a controlled printing system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention can be integrated with a web server computer, such as web server computer 105 , and with a document server computer, such as document management server computer 110 .
- Web server computer 105 includes a web server 115 .
- Web server 115 may be one of several popular web servers, such as a Netscape Internet server, a Microsoft Internet server or an Apache Internet server.
- Web server 115 delivers web pages to client computers. Shown in FIG. 1 is a storage 120 of web pages accessed by web server 115 . Storage 120 may reside within web server computer 105 , or within one or more other computers, or partly within web server computer 105 and partly within other computers.
- web server computer 105 also includes server-side software for protecting web content, such as applicant's MirageTM server software 125 .
- Mirage server software 125 may operate as an independent application, or in conjunction with web server 115 . The operation of Mirage server software 125 is described in FIG. 2A hereinbelow.
- web server computer 105 also includes a print server 130 , for serving documents to one or more printers 135 , for printing. It may be appreciated by those skilled in the art that print server 130 may alternatively reside on a separate computer. The operation of print server 130 is described in FIG. 3 hereinbelow.
- Mirage server software 125 contains an interceptor 140 , for intercepting client requests to web server 115 and routing them to Mirage server software 125 .
- document management server computer 110 includes a document management system 145 .
- Document management system 145 may be one of several popular document management systems (DMS), such as LiveLink DMS or Documentum DMS.
- Document management system 145 delivers documents to client computers.
- Shown in FIG. 1 is a storage 150 of documents accessed by document management system 145 .
- Storage 150 may reside within document management server computer 110 , or within one or more other computers, or partly within document management server computer 110 and partly within other computers.
- document management server computer 110 also includes server-side software for protecting documents, such as applicant's MirageTM server software 155 .
- Mirage server software 155 may operate as an independent application, or in conjunction with document management system 145 . The operation of Mirage server software 155 is described in FIG. 2A hereinbelow.
- document management server computer 110 also includes a print server 160 , for serving documents to one or more printers 135 , for printing. It may be appreciated by those skilled in the art that print server 160 may alternatively reside on a separate computer. The operation of print server 160 is described in FIG. 3 hereinbelow.
- document Mirage Server software 155 contains an interceptor 165 , for intercepting client requests to document management system 145 and routing them to Mirage server software 155 . It may be appreciated by those skilled in the art that document management system 145 may fully or partially fulfill the functionality of interceptor 165 .
- Client computer 170 operated by a user.
- Client computer 170 includes a web browser 175 .
- Web browser 175 may be one of several popular web browsers, such as a Netscape Navigator browser or a Microsoft Internet Explorer browser.
- Web browser 175 displays web pages and documents.
- Client computer 170 may contain a document browser 180 for displaying documents, in addition to or instead of web browser 175 .
- client computer 170 also includes client-side software for protecting web content, such as applicant's MirageTM client software 185 .
- Mirage client software 185 may operate independently, or in conjunction with web browser 175 or in conjunction with document browser 180 , or in conjunction with both web browser 175 and document browser 180 . The operation of Mirage client software 185 is described in FIG. 2B hereinbelow.
- interceptor 140 or 165 intercepts the request and forwards the request to Mirage server software 125 or 155 , respectively.
- Mirage server software 125 or 155 issues a re-request for the web page or the document to web server 115 or document management system 145 , respectively.
- the web page or the document is delivered to Mirage server software 125 or 155 , and Mirage server software 125 or 155 determines if the document is printable based on one or more administration rules, properties files and HTTP headers.
- Mirage server software 125 or 155 encrypts the web page or document, and embeds an encrypted header including print information denoted PRINTINFO, within the web page or document, respectively.
- the web page or document is then sent to client computer 170 .
- interceptor 165 may be included within document management system 145 .
- document management system 145 may be configured to automatically deliver a requested document and its print information to Mirage server software 155 , to be encrypted before being returned to the user, without intervention of interceptor 165 .
- Mirage client software 185 Upon receipt of the web page or document, Mirage client software 185 decrypts encrypted data, and securely renders the web page or document for viewing. While a user is viewing the web page or document on client computer 170 , he may issue a print command. Preferably, Mirage client software 185 intercepts the print command and queries Mirage for print information included within the encrypted header that was embedded in the web page or document; specifically, within the PRINTINFO block, as described hereinabove, If print information is available, Mirage client software 185 sends such information to a print server specified in the print information, such as print server 130 or print server 160 . If print information is not available, ten either the MSG message or a default message is displayed.
- print server 130 or print server 160 enables the user to select print options, for example, printer, page orientation and page range, and logs the user's selection.
- Print server 130 or print server 160 requests the web page or document from web server 115 or from document management system 145 , respectively.
- print server 130 or print server 160 uses authentication information within the PRINTINFO block to request the web page or document, respectively.
- For document printing upon receipt of the document print server 160 determines whether the document can be printed in its native format. If the document is stored in an unsupported format, then preferably an HTML rendition is printed instead.
- print server 130 and print server 160 log the print job, and send the web page or document, respectively, to printer 135 .
- the print request can be recorded by document management system 145 in a consolidated DMS log.
- Mirage client software 185 communicates with a key server 190 to obtain a key necessary for decoding the web page or document
- Mirage server software 125 or 155 preferably embeds an encrypted header within the web page or document, respectively.
- the encrypted header contains a key ID, to request a key from key server 190 for decoding the encrypted header.
- the encrypted header includes an encrypted key for encrypting at least a portion of the web page or document.
- the encrypted PRINTINFO is sent by client computer 170 to key server 190 for decryption.
- Mirage client software 185 does not decrypt the print information.
- key server 190 decides whether to decrypt the print information it receives from client computer 170 , and send decrypted information back to the client, or whether to send updated print information to the client, or whether to decline to decrypt the print information altogether.
- FIG. 2A is a simplified block diagram of a server-side component of a system for controlled printing, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Shown in FIG. 2A is Mirage server software 155 from FIG. 1 .
- Mirage server software 155 includes interceptor 165 for intercepting document requests for a document server.
- Mirage server software also includes a document processor 210 and individual components 215 , 220 , 225 , 230 , 235 and 240 for processing text, HTML, Word, Excel, PowerPoint and PDF documents, respectively, and a component 245 for processing images.
- Document processor 210 preferably includes a print information processor 250 , and a header generator 255 for embedding administration rules and print information within a document.
- Print information processor 250 preferably processes (i) print information included within a document processor configuration file, (ii) administration rule data intercepted by interceptor 165 , and (iii) HTTP header data within the web server or DMS re-request response. Print information processor 250 also formats the printing information for inclusion within a document header. It is noted that the print information is encrypted, so that only trusted print servers can decrypt it.
- print information processor 250 is implemented as a separate module or class or API. This is done so as to simplify customization for different DMSs. DMSs may require different HTTP headings or special encoding for data needed to request an authenticated printable version of a document, web page, ASP page or CGI-generated page.
- document processor 210 also includes a document encrypter 260 , and an application programming interface (API) 265 for communicating with document processor 210 .
- API application programming interface
- FIG. 2B is a simplified block diagram of a client-side component of a system for controlled printing, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Shown in FIG. 2B is Mirage client software 185 from FIG. 1 .
- Mirage client software 185 includes a TextSafe module 270 , which intercepts text rendering by web browser 175 .
- Mirage client software 185 preferably also includes a document decrypter 275 and a coordinator 280 .
- TextSafe module 270 Upon issuance of a command by client computer 170 to view a secure document, TextSafe module 270 intercepts encrypted text as it is being rendered, and calls document decrypter 275 to decrypt the intercepted text. TextSafe inserts the decrypted text into a video frame buffer for secure display.
- Coordinator 280 is responsible for communication with a key server and with print server 160 ( FIG. 1 ). Coordinator 280 is preferably also responsible for caching of keys and encrypted headers.
- PixSafe module 285 is used to provide secure display service by protecting displayed content from screen capture.
- PixSafe module 285 operates by patching system graphics display interface (GDI) functions, including inter alia Microsoft Windows' BitBlt and StretchBlt functions, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,298,446 and 6,353,892.
- GDI patching system graphics display interface
- TextSafe module 270 Upon issuance of a print command by client computer 170 to print a secure document, TextSafe module 270 intercepts a print event and forwards it to document decrypter 275 .
- Document decrypter 275 analyzes print information within the PRINTINFO block and determines a corresponding action. Specifically, document decrypter 275 determines whether (i) to display a default error message; (ii) to display the MSG message; or (iii) to initiate a print request. Coordinator 280 then performs the action.
- FIG. 3A is a simplified block diagram of a print server for controlled printing, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Printer server 160 includes two core modules: a print console 305 and a print engine 310 .
- Print console 305 is a public interface of print server 160 .
- client communications go through print console 305 .
- Print console 305 preferably accepts print requests and presents a user with a print options interface.
- a jsp Java server page
- a servlet for the print options dialogue.
- print console 305 preferably passes the information to print engine 310 .
- print engine 310 requests a document from a specified location, via Mirage server software 155 , watermarks the document as required, and prints the document to a printer spool 315 .
- Print console 305 is responsible for receiving print requests generated by a client computer and sent via coordinator 280 .
- the client computer includes print information associated with the document in its request.
- print information is generated by a document processor, such as document processor 210 ( FIG. 2A ), and is preferably encrypted and embedded within a document currently being viewed, as described hereinabove.
- document processor 210 FIG. 2A
- only print console 305 can decode print information generated by document processor 210 .
- print console 305 is a Java servelet.
- a print console properties file contains the following configuration information:
- print console 305 when print console 305 receives print information, it analyzes the print attributes together with data in the properties file, and appropriately populates fields in the .jsp print options page.
- the generated .jsp page is sent back to a user, who can then set print options within a form.
- Print options may include inter alia:
- Print console 305 processes the data and calls print engine 310 to print the document. When print engine 310 finishes, it returns a value to print console 305 , which preferably sends back an HTML page informing the user of the outcome.
- Print console 305 includes a pre-check module 320 , which is an API that print console 305 calls after receiving a request.
- Print console calls pre-check module 320 with print information, and pre-check module returns updated print information.
- Pre-check module 320 enables software integrators to dynamically pre-process print information at run-time, before it is acted upon. As only the updated print information is acted upon, it may be appreciated that pre-check module 320 enables software integrators to:
- pre-check module 320 may be used to change print properties and permissions at print time. Pre-check module 320 may also be used to ensure that a latest version of a document is printed, in conformance with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Office of Regulatory Affairs guidelines for electronic records and electronic signatures, relating to document versioning. These guidelines are described in Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations (21 CFR Part 11), available on the Internet at http://www.fda.gov/ora/compliance_ref/part11/.
- FDA Food and Drug Administration
- pre-check module 320 may also be used to control how a document may be printed, through print options that it enables or disables. Pre-check module 320 may also be used to enforce DRM rules, including how many times a document may be printed, and when a document may be printed.
- Print engine 310 preferably includes a print engine API 325 that can only be called by print console 305 or by a third party that desires to implement its own print console, such as a document management system provider. Preferably, the print engine API 325 cannot be called directly by users.
- Print engine 310 includes a document requester 330 , for requesting a document from database management server computer 110 ( FIG. 1 ) to be printed.
- Print engine 310 also includes a format pre-processor 340 for converting various document formats into an internal format.
- Various pre-processing units feed into format pre-processor 340 . Shown in FIG. 3 are units 343 , 345 and 347 for processing Word documents, HTML documents and Excel documents, respectively.
- documents are passed to a watermark processor 350 for optional watermarking.
- watermark processor 350 enables dynamic processing of watermarks at run-time. Watermark processor 350 also enables application of usage policies. For example, a watermark “Document valid Until . . . ” may be added at run-time. As such, watermark processor 350 can be used to comply with 21 CFR part 11, mentioned hereinabove.
- a post-print API module 360 is used for last-minute dynamic updating of print permission.
- a controlled printing process includes three phases, as follows:
- information that the client will need to send to the print engine is included.
- Such information is either provided as one or more default parameters in a configuration file, or as part of an administration rule, or provided by a back-end web server, such as web server 115 ( FIG. 1 ) or a back-end DMS such as DMS 130 ( FIG. 1 ) when returning a document to be processed.
- FIG. 4 is a simplified flowchart for document preparation within a copy protection application, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a web browser requests a document from a document server computer.
- the request is intercepted by an interceptor component within Mirage server-side software.
- the interceptor matches the request against administration rules, which preferably include printing attributes.
- the interceptor re-directs the request to a document processor, passing it a matching rule ID.
- the document processor extracts print information from the rule.
- the document processor re-requests the document, passing a document URL and print attributes.
- the print attributes may include a SUPPORTED attribute, indicating that printing is supported.
- the document processor also sets a CKSM_SEED to allow authentication of DMS print attributes.
- a configuration file is used to determine if attributes are to be check-summed.
- the back-end system may return print attributes in its response.
- Such attributes supplement the print information already obtained through the document processor's properties file and the administration rules.
- the DMS uses the print attributes to provide a print server with sufficient information to make an authorized request for the document at print time.
- the interceptor again intercepts the document request, as was done at step 410 , but this time the interceptor preferably forwards the request along to the document management system.
- the web server or DMS sends back the requested document.
- the DMS may also send print attributes in response to the print attributes received from the document processor. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, depending on the value of ALLOW, the DMS decides whether or not to return print attributes at in its response If CKSM_SEED is set, the DMS checksums its print attributes.
- the DMS preferably includes information required by a print engine so as to make an authorized request for a native version of the current document at print time, If supported, the DMS may also include data that enables it to authenticate and authorize a user's print permission For example, this may be a one time token to be used for printing. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the DMS sends its print attributes within print headers or, more generally, as document meta-data.
- the document processor receives a document.
- the document processor combines the print attributes from the administration rule with the print attributes in the response from the DMS, and embeds them into an encrypted header.
- the document processor encrypts the document and sends it to the web browser for viewing.
- the web browser renders the encrypted document to a Windows API.
- the Mirage client software intercepts the rendering, decrypts encrypted data and displays it securely.
- a user generally prints by clicking on a print icon in an application's toolbar or within a print preview window, by a mouse right-click and print, by using a CRTL+P shortcut, or by choosing File
- DDE dynamic data exchange
- a protected document is typically encrypted within applications.
- document processor 210 FIG. 2A
- only encrypted data is printed.
- a user's attempt to print normally is intercepted by interceptor 165 ( FIG. 1 ), and printing is initiated within Mirage server software 155 .
- Phase I Document Preparation
- information necessary to initiate printing of a document by Mirage server software 155 is already encoded within a document header.
- the header of a document to be printed is queried for print information. If such information is available, it is sent to a print server, such as print server 160 .
- FIG. 5 is a simplified flowchart for a controlled print process, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a user tries to print, and at step 510 a web browser accordingly issues a request to print a document.
- TextSafe module 270 FIG. 2B
- document decrypter module 275 of Mirage client software 185 is used to determine whether or not the document is protected. If not—for example, if the document does not have an encrypted header, then at step 530 Mirage client software 185 instructs the browser to process the print request in the normal fashion, and at step 540 the browser prints the document.
- document decrypter 275 determines at step 520 that the document is protected, then at step 550 document decrypter 275 determines if the protected document is printable. If, for example, the protected document does not include print information in its encrypted header, or if the encrypted header is not decryptable—such as for lack of an available key, or if a print server URL (SU) field has a zero size, then the document is not printable. At step 560 a message is returned to the user, preferably using a MSG field in the document header, informing the user that the document is not printable.
- SU print server URL
- the print request is forwarded to coordinator module 280 of Mirage client software 185 . Thereafter the web server authenticates the user and presents to the user a print options dialogue generated by print console 305 ( FIG. 3 A). If the user is authenticated, then at step 570 print server URL and print information (PRINTINFO) is provided to the print dialogue.
- PRINTINFO print server URL and print information
- the print dialogue is a browser control, although this is not necessary.
- the web browser forwards the print request to a print server designated by a SU, and at step 590 the print server preferably enables the user to select print options.
- the process of FIG. 5 is performed at the client side. This is advantageous for catching print operations as early as possible.
- FIG. 6 is a simplified data sequence diagram for an authentication and secure print workflow, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- PRINTINFO sufficient print information
- PRINTINFO includes inter alia the SU and the document URL.
- coordinator 280 ( FIG. 2B ) opens a browser window to the print server URL (SU). If there was data in the encrypted header Print POST Data (PD) field, this is also sent as POST data. Additionally, there may be parametrized data in the SU and HD.
- PD Print POST Data
- the SU points to print console 305 ( FIG. 3A ), which is a Java servlet.
- Print console 305 decodes data in the SU and header POST buffer, and recreates the print information, PRINTINFO.
- Print console 305 calls pre-check module 320 , passing in PRINTINFO.
- Pre-check module 320 allows print console 305 to:
- PRINTINFO is preferably saved in a current connection session.
- Print console 305 preferably decides if either the native or HTML version of the document should be printed. Using its internal list of printers and other print information obtained from pre-check module 320 , print console 305 uses a .jsp page to generate an HTML form that allows the user to select print options. The .jsp page is sent back to the user.
- Print console 305 receives the user's print settings. Print console 305 uses the user's print settings to pass appropriate PRINTINFO data to print engine 310 , for printing the document.
- the print engine's document requester 330 requests the document from a document management system, such as DMS 145 ( FIG. 1 ).
- a document management system such as DMS 145 ( FIG. 1 ).
- included in the request are cookies, and headers that the DMS specified when the document was requested for viewing.
- Such information allows print engine 310 to request the document for printing, assuming that the DMS has not since revoked the user's permission to print the specified document.
- Print engine 310 also sends print attributes allowing the DMS to choose final print options and set watermark properties.
- the DMS logs the print request for the user.
- Print engine 310 receives the document and resolves the watermark data, and tries to print the document. If necessary, print engine 310 calls an external watermark engine to generate a watermark image, according to watermark values. Print engine 310 returns the results to print console 305 , which in turn sends hack an HTML page advising the user whether or not the job was successful.
- print and watermark attributes are sent to the recipient either as HTTP header values, or as metadata within a document.
- Table I hereinbelow indicates a specific set of print attributes used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- all values are URL-encoded.
- H_HTML Encoded array Any special headers/cookies needed of headers ⁇ to request the HTML version.
- U_NATIVE ⁇ URL ⁇ The URL of the native version.
- H_NATIVE ⁇ Encoded array Any special headers/cookies needed of headers ⁇ to request the native version.
- WMRK_H space delimited Watermark parameters for the list of document header. Will be displayed in watermark types ⁇ order specified. See Table II.
- WMRK_F space delimited Watermark parameters for the list of document footer. Will be displayed in watermark types ⁇ order specified. See Table II.
- WMRK_B space delimited Watermark parameters for the list of document body. Will be displayed in watermark types ⁇ order specified. See Table II.
- WMRK_P space delimited The current list of parameters that will list of be used. watermark types ⁇ The following parameters are for security, to ensure that the data source is valid.
- CKSM 128-bit value Can only be returned in a HTTP header and not in document Meta Data.
- CKSM_SEED 128-bit value Cannot appear in a response, only a request. ALLOW “YES”
- MSG2 String If specified at document re-request time, will be used for MSG value. If used at print-request time, then used in results page. Binary values (e.g., ⁇ r ⁇ n) should be escaped.
- print attributes generally fall into two sets.
- the first set includes attributes used by the print server to determine how to print. Such parameters preferably allow the print server to decide whether it wants to print the native version of the document, when available, or alternatively to print an HTML version, when available.
- the first set of attributes includes U_HTML, U_NATIVE, M_GENERAL, H_HTML, H_NATIVE, and M_NATIVE. Preferably, these attributes are only processed by the document processor after the re-request of the document from the DMS. If the native format of the document is available, then preferably the U_NATIVE and M_NATIVE attributes are defmed and sent.
- the M_NATIVE attributes enable the print server to decide if it can print a specific format. Otherwise, if the U_HTML attribute is defmed, the HTML version can be printed.
- the second set of print attributes are used to aid the back-end DMS to re-authenticate the print server and user when requesting the document for printing.
- the DMS can insert any headers that it needs to authenticate and authorize either the users or print servers to access the document.
- H_GENERAL holds common headers. If specific headers are needed for the native or HTML version, they are preferably set using H_NATIVE and H_HTML, respectively.
- the present invention also enables the DMS to use its own print server.
- the DMS can override the print server URL (SU) by specifying SU 2 .
- SU 2 is specified in the document processor's configuration or properties file.
- SU 2 is encoded in the encrypted header as SU, which is the URL that the coordinator calls when attempting to print.
- Authentication information is preferably encoded in SU as a GET string.
- a DMS can also set PD 2 , which overrides other data set by the document processor when processing the attributes.
- the PD 2 attributes are preferably included in the encrypted header as a PD field.
- PD 2 is preferably sent as POST data when the coordinator calls SU 2 . If SU 2 together with the GET data exceeds a 1024 character limit, then the data is preferably included in PD 2 rather than SU 2 .
- an API for the DMS is created, and sent a URL including a server IP and port number, a document ID and a username.
- a special account is created within the DMS that the print server can log into and impersonate a user and request a document in the user's name. For such an embodiment it is only necessary to send the URL.
- Table II hereinbelow indicates a specific set of watermark attributes used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, all values are URL-encoded, and watermark attributes are not sent without a CKSM, if CKSM SEED was sent in the request.
- watermarking parameters are either specified when the document is requested in Phase I, or when it is requested for printing in Phase III. Watermarking occurs if SUPPORT is set and WMRK is YES. The attribute WMRK is preferably sent both at document request and document print request.
- the attributes WMRK_B, WMRK_F, and WMRK_H are preferably set by the DMS if watermarking is enabled. These attributes specify a watermark format for the body, footer and header, respectively. Each of these attributes takes a space-delimited list of watermark types, as specified in Table II. Default values are typically specified in the document processor's properties file.
- the attribute WMRK_P is preferably sent with the request.
- the DMS can specify a value for either of these attributes, and for others as well, by including in the header a parameter name and value. If the DMS specifies WMRK_B, WMRK_F, and WMRK_H, then preferably it should also set values for any new watermark parameters and for parameters specified in WMRK_P.
- the DMS can either set parameter values in Phase I or Phase III. There is no need in Phase III to send back an updated WMRK_P. If the print server is unable to calculate a value for a required watermark parameter, it does not include it in the watermark.
- the attribute WMRK_P is preferably sent with the request.
- the DMS can specify a value for either of these attributes, and for other as well, by including in the header a parameter name and value. If the DMS specifies WMRK_B, WMRK_F, and WMRK_H then preferably it should also set values for any new watermark parameters and for parameters specified in WMRK_P.
- the DMS can either set parameter values in Phase I or Phase III. There is no need in Phase III to send back an updated WMRK_P. If the print server is unable to calculate a value for a required watermark parameter, it does not include it in the watermark.
- FIG. 7 is a simplified data flow diagram for setting print and watermark attributes for a document, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 illustrates how print and watermark attributes are provided from several different sources, including document processor 210 ( FIG. 2A ), interceptor 165 ( FIG. 1 ), DMS 145 and print server 160 .
- the interceptor ascertains print and watermark attributes from a properties file and from administrative rules.
- the rules may contain the attributes ALLOW and WMRK.
- Such print and watermark attributes are sent to the document processor.
- the document processor preferably sends the attribute SUPPORTED to the document management system.
- the document management system generally sends the ten attributes CKSM, ALLOW, WMRK, WMRK_P, U_HTML, U_NATIVE, H_GENERAL, H_HTML, H_NATIVE and M_NATIVE.
- the document processor generates an encoded header including the print server URL (SU), print POST data (PD), header data (HD) and a print message (MSG).
- SU print server URL
- PD print POST data
- HD header data
- MSG print message
- the latter parameters are optional.
- the encoded header is embedded within the document, and the document is then sent to a client for secure viewing. Mirage client software at the client decrypts the encoded header and then decrypts the document for display.
- the client subsequently issues a print request and, at step 5 , the print request is sent to the print server along with the SU, PD and HD.
- the print server requests the document from the document management system.
- the print server preferably sends the attribute SUPPORTED.
- the document management system sends the requested document to the print server.
- the document management system may send the four attributes CKSM, ALLOW, WMRK, and MSG.
- the print server After receiving the document, the print server prints it on a designated printer and, at step 8 , issues a print report with MSG to the client.
- the print and watermark attributes sent at steps 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 and 7 are sent as HTTP headers.
- the encoded header sent at step 4 is embedded within the document itself.
- the present invention imposes rules for order of processing attributes.
- Specific rules used in Mirage are as follows.
- Print and watermark attributes are processed in the order (i) document processor properties files; (ii) interceptor and administration rule attributes; and (iii) web server/DMS attributes.
- the latter value specified for an attribute is used, overriding previous values, except for ALLOW and WMRK.
- ALLOW and WMRK latter values of these attributes must complement and include previous values at their beginnings, or else they are ignored.
Abstract
Description
-
- U.S. Ser. No. 09/459,493 filed on Dec. 13, 1999 and entitled “Method and system for copyright protection of digital images transmitted over networks”; and
- U.S. Ser. No. 09/774,236 filed on Jan. 29, 2001 and entitled “Method and system for copy protection of data content”.
Contents of U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,298,446, 6,353,892, 6,922,693, 6,993,662, 7,076,469 and 7,155,744, and the above two patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference.
-
- SU (Print Server URL)—the URL of a print server. Authentication and other information can be encoded in the URL as GET data, as long as the total length of the URL does not exceed a 1024 character limit.
- PD (Print POST Data)—data to be sent as POST data with a print request.
- HD (Print Header Data)—data to be sent as header data with a request.
- MSG (Print Message)—message to be displayed to a user if SU is empty, and thus the document is not printable.
-
- PRINTINFO=SU::1, . . . [PD::1, . . . ] [HD::1, . . . ] [MSG::1, . . . ], and 1 denotes the length in bytes of the respective data segments.
-
- Default watermarking options
- List of available printers, and each printer's properties
- List of native document formats supported by
print engine 310
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention,print console 305 may receive default print settings from an administration module.
-
- Page orientation
- Printer
- Page range
- Color/Black & white
- Duplex/Multi-page
- Other print options
A user interface with a sample print options dialogue, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is illustrated inFIG. 3B .
-
- Perform a check with a hack-end system before showing the user the print options dialogue
- Perform pre-print logging
- Implement digital rights management (DRM) technology
- Perform additional authentication
- Customize print options according to a specific user, such as by filtering a list of printers
-
- Check against the DMS if the user has permission to print the document
- Check that the document is available and the correct version
- Check digital rights management rules
- Check status of the user
- Get a list of printers and their properties for the user
- Log the begin of the print process and the print options
TABLE I |
Print Attributes |
Header Name | Values | Description & Notes |
ALLOW | “YES” | “NO” | Default is “No”. The last value |
received is the one that should be | ||
used. |
The following parameters are only processed after the Document |
Processor does a document re-request. These parameters are used by the |
print server for re-requesting the document for serving. |
H_GENERAL | {Encoded array | Headers common to both native and |
of headers} | HTML requests. Will be overridden, | |
if specified again in the format | ||
specific headers, (DP re-request only.) | ||
U_HTML | {URL} | The URL of the HTML version of this |
document. Normally will be the URL | ||
currently processed. | ||
(DP re-request only.) | ||
H_HTML | {Encoded array | Any special headers/cookies needed |
of headers} | to request the HTML version. | |
(DP re-request only.) | ||
U_NATIVE | {URL} | The URL of the native version. |
H_NATIVE | {Encoded array | Any special headers/cookies needed |
of headers} | to request the native version. | |
(DP re-request only.) | ||
M_NATIVE | {MIME TYPE} | | Used by the print engine to determine |
{file extension} | if it can print the native version, | |
otherwise it will print HTML version. | ||
(DP re-request only. |
The following parameters are processed by the Document Processor and |
again by the Print Server when the document is re-requested. |
WMRK | “YES” | “NO” | Default is “No”. The last value |
received is the one that should be | ||
used. | ||
WMRK_H | {space delimited | Watermark parameters for the |
list of | document header. Will be displayed in | |
watermark types} | order specified. See Table II. | |
WMRK_F | {space delimited | Watermark parameters for the |
list of | document footer. Will be displayed in | |
watermark types} | order specified. See Table II. | |
WMRK_B | {space delimited | Watermark parameters for the |
list of | document body. Will be displayed in | |
watermark types} | order specified. See Table II. | |
WMRK_P | {space delimited | The current list of parameters that will |
list of | be used. | |
watermark types} |
The following parameters are for security, to ensure that the data source |
is valid. |
CKSM | 128-bit value | Can only be returned in a HTTP |
header and not in document Meta | ||
Data. | ||
CKSM_SEED | 128-bit value | Cannot appear in a response, only a |
request. | ||
ALLOW | “YES” | “NO” | Default is “No”. The last value |
received is the one that should be | ||
used. |
The following parameter enables bypass of default print server and use |
of another print server instead. |
SU2 | {URL} | Only for DMS. Overrides SU value. |
PD2 | Byte data | Only for DMS. Overrides PD value. |
PH2 | Header | Only for DMS. Overrides HD value. |
MSG2 | String | If specified at document re-request |
time, will be used for MSG value. If | ||
used at print-request time, then used | ||
in results page. Binary values (e.g., | ||
\r\n) should be escaped. | ||
TABLE II |
Watermark Attributes |
Header Name | Values | Description |
STRING | String | User defined string |
USERNAME | String | Username |
PRINT_DATETIME | String | Time of printing |
CLIENT_IP | String | Address of client machine |
DOCUMENT_NAME | String | Document Name/URL/ID |
Claims (34)
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IL127093 | 1998-11-16 | ||
IL12709398A IL127093A (en) | 1998-11-16 | 1998-11-16 | Copy protection |
IL127869 | 1998-12-30 | ||
IL12786998A IL127869A0 (en) | 1998-12-30 | 1998-12-30 | Network file copy protection |
US09/313,067 US6209103B1 (en) | 1998-06-14 | 1999-05-17 | Methods and apparatus for preventing reuse of text, images and software transmitted via networks |
US09/397,331 US6298446B1 (en) | 1998-06-14 | 1999-09-14 | Method and system for copyright protection of digital images transmitted over networks |
US09/774,236 US20010029582A1 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2001-01-29 | Method and system for copy protection of data content |
US10/141,308 US7664956B2 (en) | 1998-06-14 | 2002-05-07 | Method and system for real-time control of document printing |
US13/397,620 USRE44209E1 (en) | 1998-06-14 | 2012-02-15 | Method and system for real-time control of document printing |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20140156053A1 (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2014-06-05 | Within Technologies Ltd | Three-dimensional design and manufacturing systems |
US9604406B2 (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2017-03-28 | Grow Software Limited | Three-dimensional design and manufacturing systems |
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US20030028809A1 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
US7664956B2 (en) | 2010-02-16 |
US20010000541A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
US7155743B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 |
US7281272B1 (en) | 2007-10-09 |
US7076469B2 (en) | 2006-07-11 |
US7657759B2 (en) | 2010-02-02 |
US6922693B1 (en) | 2005-07-26 |
US20020078343A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
US20030009672A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
US7155744B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 |
US20010000359A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
US20050240759A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
US6353892B2 (en) | 2002-03-05 |
US6993662B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
US20010000265A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 |
US6298446B1 (en) | 2001-10-02 |
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