WO1982003915A1 - Method and device for measuring the tension of a moving a wire - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring the tension of a moving a wire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982003915A1
WO1982003915A1 PCT/CH1982/000054 CH8200054W WO8203915A1 WO 1982003915 A1 WO1982003915 A1 WO 1982003915A1 CH 8200054 W CH8200054 W CH 8200054W WO 8203915 A1 WO8203915 A1 WO 8203915A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thread
tension
detector
frequency
loudspeaker
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1982/000054
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sa Viscosuisse
Original Assignee
Zumstein Andre
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zumstein Andre filed Critical Zumstein Andre
Priority to BR8207717A priority Critical patent/BR8207717A/en
Publication of WO1982003915A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982003915A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
    • G01L5/042—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands by measuring vibrational characteristics of the flexible member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/40—Applications of tension indicators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H13/00—Measuring resonant frequency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the tension of a running thread, in that the thread is guided over two pins arranged at a distance from one another and is caused to oscillate between the pins by pressure changes with a loudspeaker.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
  • Threads is obvious. The thread run is disturbed by the measurement. There are cases where thread breaks occur during the measuring process, or the effective thread tension conditions are falsified by the introduction of the sensor itself.
  • a thread When a thread is deflected on a thread guide pin with a diameter of 5 mm at a speed of 3500 m / min, the thread has an acceleration that corresponds to 140,000 times the acceleration due to gravity. The thread will not be able to follow the deflection provided, as a result of which the measurement results will be falsified.
  • a roll of 12 mm in diameter would have a speed of approx. 100,000 t / min on the same thread, which would greatly reduce the service life of the ball bearings. However, the friction in the bearings would not be constant, and it would also result a measurement error arises.
  • a thread can be considered a string.
  • a string vibrates at a frequency which is determined by the free length of the string, the mass and its tension '. This defined frequency is also referred to as resonance or natural frequency. If a tensioned string is excited to oscillate with a force field with a variable frequency, then it can oscillate purely with a larger amplitude if the frequency which is obtained is the frequency of the egg or an integer multiple thereof (1st, 2nd or higher order harmonics).
  • a running thread between two thread guide elements behaves similarly.
  • the vibration can be stimulated, for example, with a loudspeaker, the membrane of which is covered up to a narrow slot.
  • the thread then runs over or in the slot.
  • the resonance frequency of the thread can be sought by varying the frequency of the loudspeaker with the aid of the tone generator (FIG. 2). When this frequency is found, the tension of the thread can then be calculated.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that firstly you have to work manually by re-adjusting the natural frequency of the thread for each variation of the voltage and secondly that errors can occur because the eye cannot always determine the resonant frequency exactly.
  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the tension of a running thread, in that the thread is guided over two pins arranged at a distance from one another and caused by pressure changes with a loudspeaker, between the
  • f is the oscillation frequency of the thread in Hz
  • n is the atomic number of the oscillation (1, 2, 3,)
  • P is the specific mass of the thread in kg
  • A is the cross section of the thread m m and x is the free swinging length in m.
  • the thread detector consists of a light source and a light emitter such as a reflection scanner or a light barrier, ' .- * " -.
  • the speaker vibrates the running thread, but the use of a high voltage electrode is also possible.
  • the detector emits a light beam, which we reflect when it hits the running thread. This reflects light then induces an electrical signal in the receiver which, after amplification, sets the diaphragm of the loudspeaker in motion. This movement excites the vibration of the running thread through the air.
  • the thread can be made to vibrate and kept vibrating.
  • the ordinal number ri can theoretically only be an odd number when a thread is excited with a loudspeaker, which is arranged approximately in the middle of the free length x. In practice the value 3 will be difficult to achieve due to the loose coupling of loudspeaker and thread. This atomic number ri can therefore be assumed to be 1.
  • f is the vibration frequency in Hz
  • x is the length in m T the thread titer in dtex
  • F means the thread tension in cN.
  • the frequency can be measured digitally with a counter and the thread tension can be calculated according to this formula (2).
  • the thread titer T is to be used as an effective titer, ie including any preparation application and taking into account any reduction in the titer due to elastic stretching due to the thread tension. Titvariations are also measured.
  • the last formula shows that the frequency is dependent on the specific thread tension, which limits the frequency range for coarse and fine titers, an advantage that simplifies the devices for analog evaluation.
  • the measuring method according to the invention can be automated.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out the above-mentioned method, characterized in that it contains a body provided with a longitudinal slot for the passage of the running thread, which has a loudspeaker and a detector on the side of the longitudinal slot, which by a Amplifiers are connected.
  • the body is located approximately in the middle of the free length of the thread.
  • the thread detector is a reflection scanner or a light barrier.
  • the reflection scanner and the light barrier contain a light source in the UV, IR or visible range, for example an IR diode and a light receiver, for example a phototransistor.
  • the reflection scanner is attached perpendicular to a vibration plane of the thread.
  • the inventive device further contains a digital frequency meter, which may directly measure the frequency '.
  • the device can contain a frequency converter, a filter and an amplifier, a multiplier and a means for indicating the voltage.
  • the function of these elements is as follows:
  • the frequency voltage converter converts the frequency into an analog voltage.
  • This tension is then filtered and amplified and must be squared in accordance with formula (2) in the multiplier, so that this magnitude corresponds linearly to the thread tension. If a corresponding calibration has been made beforehand, the thread tension can be read off directly on the means for specifying the tension. This means is usually a voltmeter.
  • the device according to the invention offers the possibility either to read the frequency digitally and to calculate the thread tension according to formula (2) manually or to read the thread tension directly without calculation.
  • the accuracy of the digital frequency measurement is very high, changes in the amplifier, reflection scanner, light barrier or loudspeaker do not interfere.
  • the accuracy in the analog measurement processing is more favorable than in previous measurement methods, since no changes occur in the encoder, but only small drifts in the amplifiers belonging to the frequency evaluation can disturb.
  • Fig. 3 is a view of the device according to the invention in a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in the direction y of FIG. 3rd
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention in a second embodiment.
  • the two devices of FIGS. 1 and 2 have already been mentioned in the introduction to the description.
  • the thread 1 is deflected on two fixed pins B, C and on a movable pin A.
  • the force F i.e. the thread tension is measured at pin A.
  • a thread 2 is made to vibrate by a loudspeaker 3 by looking for the inherent frequency of the thread with a tone generator 4.
  • the free length x of the vibration is determined by the two pins 5, 6.
  • a digital frequency meter 20 allows the frequency of the thread to be read directly, so that the thread tension can be calculated according to formula (2).
  • the device additionally contains a frequency tension converter 21, which converts the frequency into an ' analog voltage, a filter and amplifier 22, a multiplier 23, which squares the amplified tension, see above that this size corresponds to the thread tension.
  • the thread tension can then be read off directly from a voltmeter 24.
  • the device according to the invention is totally automated and allows the thread tension to be determined without deflecting the thread from its straight path.
  • This device is suitable for all measurements of thread tensions, both fine and coarse titers, and can be placed on any textile machine for which such a measurement is of interest.

Abstract

The device for measuring the tension of moving wire has an elongated slot (9) wherein the wire (13) moves, a loud speaker (8) and a detector (10) are arranged on the sides of the slot and connected to an amplifier (12).

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung der Spannung eines laufenden Fadens Method and device for measuring the tension of a running thread
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Messung der Spannung eines laufenden Fadens, indem der Faden über zwei im Abstand voneinander angeordneten Stiften geführt und durch Druckän¬ derungen mit einem Lautsprecher dazu gebracht wird, zwischen den Stiften zu schwingen. Die Erfindung betrifft weiter eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for measuring the tension of a running thread, in that the thread is guided over two pins arranged at a distance from one another and is caused to oscillate between the pins by pressure changes with a loudspeaker. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
Es ist bekannt, Spannung von laufenden Fäden nach verschie¬ denen Methoden zu messen. Die eine Methode basiert auf den Ge¬ setzen der statischen Mechanik: An gegebener Umlenkrolle des Fadens wird die Kraft auf das umlenkende Fadenleitorgan gemessen Im einfachsten Fall wird der Faden um 180° umgelenkt. Normaler¬ weise sind aber solche Umlenkungen nicht in einem gegebenen Fadenlauf zu finden. Daher werden die Messgeber mit 3 Stiften oder 3 Rollen ausgerüstet, die einen definierten Lauf ergeben (Fig. 1). Die Kraft am Stift A wird gemessen. Die Entwicklung der Fadenspannungs es≤technik hat sich im Prinzip auf die Ver¬ besserung dieser Methode beschränkt: möglichst kleine Faden¬ auslenkungen durch verbesserte Kraftmessung am Stift A, verbes¬ serte Stabilität des Messverstärkers, digitale Anzeige, schnel¬ lere Messung etc.. Der Nachteil dieser Methode bei den heutigen schneilaufendenIt is known to measure tension of running threads using various methods. One method is based on the laws of static mechanics: the force on the deflecting thread guide element is measured at a given deflection roller of the thread. In the simplest case, the thread is deflected by 180 °. Normally, however, such deflections cannot be found in a given thread course. The sensors are therefore equipped with 3 pins or 3 rollers, which result in a defined run (Fig. 1). The force on pin A is measured. In principle, the development of thread tension measurement technology has been limited to the improvement of this method: thread deflections that are as small as possible due to improved force measurement at pin A, improved stability of the measuring amplifier, digital display, faster measurement, etc. The disadvantage of this method in today's snowing
Fäden ist offensichtlich. Der Fadenlauf wird durch die Messung gestört. Es gibt Fälle, wo Fadenbrüche beim Messvorgang ein¬ treten, oder die effektiven Fadenspannungsverhältnisse werden durch das Einbringen des Messgebers selbst verfälscht. Bei der Umlenkung eines Fadens an einem Fadenleitstift von 5mm Durchmesser mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 3500 m/min wirkt auf den Faden eine Beschleunigung, die der 140'OOOfachen Erdbeschleunigung entspricht. Der Faden wird der vorge¬ sehenen Umlenkung nicht folgen können, wodurch die Messre¬ sultate verfälscht werden. Eine Rolle von 12 mm Durchmesser würde am gleichen Faden eine Drehzahl von ca. 100'000 t/min erhalten, was die Lebensdauer der Kugellager stark herabmindert, Damit sind aber auch die Reibungen in den Lagern nicht kon¬ stant, und es würde dadurch ebenfalls ein Messfehler ent¬ stehen.Threads is obvious. The thread run is disturbed by the measurement. There are cases where thread breaks occur during the measuring process, or the effective thread tension conditions are falsified by the introduction of the sensor itself. When a thread is deflected on a thread guide pin with a diameter of 5 mm at a speed of 3500 m / min, the thread has an acceleration that corresponds to 140,000 times the acceleration due to gravity. The thread will not be able to follow the deflection provided, as a result of which the measurement results will be falsified. A roll of 12 mm in diameter would have a speed of approx. 100,000 t / min on the same thread, which would greatly reduce the service life of the ball bearings. However, the friction in the bearings would not be constant, and it would also result a measurement error arises.
Es gibt noch eine andere bekannte Methode zur Messung der Spannung eines laufenden Fadens, die auf dem Prinzip der Schwingung basiert. Ein Faden kann als Saite angesehen werden. Eine Saite schwingt mit einer Frequenz, die durch die freie Länge der Saite, deren Masse und deren Zugspannung' gegeben ist. Diese definierte Frequenz wird auch als Resonanz- oder Eigenfre¬ quenz bezeichnet. Wird eine gespannte Saite mit einem Kraft¬ feld mit variabler Frequenz zu einer Schwingung angeregt, so s pur dann mit einer grösseren Amplitude schwingen, wenn die errecende Freσuenz deich der Ei enfreσuenz ist oder ein ganzzahliges Mehrfaches davon (Oberschwingungen 1., 2. oder höherer Ordnung).There is another known method for measuring the tension of a running thread based on the principle of vibration. A thread can be considered a string. A string vibrates at a frequency which is determined by the free length of the string, the mass and its tension '. This defined frequency is also referred to as resonance or natural frequency. If a tensioned string is excited to oscillate with a force field with a variable frequency, then it can oscillate purely with a larger amplitude if the frequency which is obtained is the frequency of the egg or an integer multiple thereof (1st, 2nd or higher order harmonics).
Aehnlich verhält sich ein laufender Faden zwischen zwei Faden¬ führerelementen. Die Anregung zur Schwingung kann zum Beispiel mit einem Lautsprecher erfolgen, dessen Membran bis auf einen schmalen Schlitz abgedeckt wird. Der Faden läuft dann über oder im Schlitz. Durch Variation der Frequenz des Lautsprecher mit Hilfe des Tongenerators kann die Resonanzfrequenz des Faden gesucht werden (Fig. 2). Wenn diese Frequenz gefunden ist, kann dann die Spannung des Fadens berechnet werden. Der Nachteil dieser Methode ist, dass man erstens manuell arbeiten muss, in¬ dem für jede Variation der Spannung die Eigenfrequenz des Fa¬ dens neu eingestellt wird und zweitens, dass Fehler entstehen können, da das Auge nicht immer ganz genau die Resonanzfrequenz feststellen kann.A running thread between two thread guide elements behaves similarly. The vibration can be stimulated, for example, with a loudspeaker, the membrane of which is covered up to a narrow slot. The thread then runs over or in the slot. The resonance frequency of the thread can be sought by varying the frequency of the loudspeaker with the aid of the tone generator (FIG. 2). When this frequency is found, the tension of the thread can then be calculated. The disadvantage of this method is that firstly you have to work manually by re-adjusting the natural frequency of the thread for each variation of the voltage and secondly that errors can occur because the eye cannot always determine the resonant frequency exactly.
In der Papiertechnologie ist die Messung der Spannung einer Papierbahn auch von sehr grosser Bedeutung. Das US Patent 3 854 329 und die DE-OS 2907 904 basieren auf dem Prinzip der Schwingung einer Papierbahn durch einen Schwingungs¬ erreger, z.B. einen Lautsprecher. Diese Technologie hat aber seine spezifischen Probleme, die nicht mit denjenigen der Textilindustrie vergleichbar sind und deswegen zu anderen Lösungen führen sollen. Die Erfindung erlaubt die Nachteile der beiden bekannten Me¬ thoden zu vermeiden, indem man die Fadenspannung ohne den Faden aus seiner geraden Bahn auszulenken automatisch messen kann.In paper technology, measuring the tension of a paper web is also of great importance. US Pat. No. 3,854,329 and DE-OS 2907 904 are based on the principle of the vibration of a paper web by a vibration exciter, for example a loudspeaker. However, this technology has its specific problems, which are not comparable to those of the textile industry and should therefore lead to other solutions. The invention allows the disadvantages of the two known methods to be avoided in that the thread tension can be measured automatically without deflecting the thread from its straight path.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Messung der SpannuTig eines laufenden Fadens, indem der Faden über zwei im Abstand voneinander angeordnete Stifte geführt und durch Druckände¬ rungen mit einem Lautsprecher dazu gebracht wird, zwischen denThe invention relates to a method for measuring the tension of a running thread, in that the thread is guided over two pins arranged at a distance from one another and caused by pressure changes with a loudspeaker, between the
Stiften zu schwingen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Ver-To swing pins, characterized in that a
* stärker ein von einem Detektor erfasstes und von der Fadenla¬ ge abhängiges Signal verstärkt an den Lautsprecher weiter¬ leitet, welcher den Faden auf seine Resonanzschwingung bringt und laufend hält, und dass der Detektor aus einer Lichtquelle und einem Lichtempfänger besteht. Die Resonanzschwingung folgt folgender Gleichung gesetzmässig:* stronger a signal detected by a detector and dependent on the thread position is passed on to the loudspeaker, which brings the thread into resonance oscillation and keeps it running, and that the detector consists of a light source and a light receiver. The resonance oscillation lawfully follows the following equation:
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0001
worin f die Schwingungsfrequenz des Fadens in Hz, n die Ordnungszahl der Schwingung (1, 2, 3, )where f is the oscillation frequency of the thread in Hz, n is the atomic number of the oscillation (1, 2, 3,)
-F die Fadenspannung in Newton,-F the thread tension in Newtons,
P die spezifische Masse des Fadens in kg,P is the specific mass of the thread in kg,
22
A der Querschnitt des Fadens m m und x die freie schwingende Länge in m bedeutet.A is the cross section of the thread m m and x is the free swinging length in m.
Der Fadendetektor besteht aus einer Lichtquelle und einem Licht- emofänσer wie ein Reflexionsabtaster oder eine Lichtschranke,'.-*" -. Der Lautsprecher bringt den laufenden Faden in Schwingung, aber die Verwendung einer Hochspannungselektrode ist auch möglich.The thread detector consists of a light source and a light emitter such as a reflection scanner or a light barrier, ' .- * " -. The speaker vibrates the running thread, but the use of a high voltage electrode is also possible.
Der Detektor emittiert einen Lichtstrahl, der reflektiert wir wenn er auf den laufenden Faden auftrifft. Dieses reflektiert Licht induziert dann im Empfänger ein elektrisches Signal, das nach Verstärkung die Membrane des Lautsprechers in Be¬ wegung bringt. Diese Bewegung erregt durch die Luft die Schwingung des laufenden Fadens. Man kann gemäss dieser er- findungsge ässen Methode den Faden in Schwingung bringen und in Schwingung halten.The detector emits a light beam, which we reflect when it hits the running thread. This reflects light then induces an electrical signal in the receiver which, after amplification, sets the diaphragm of the loudspeaker in motion. This movement excites the vibration of the running thread through the air. According to this method according to the invention, the thread can be made to vibrate and kept vibrating.
Die Ordnungszahl ri kann bei der Erregung eines Fadens mit eine Lautsprecher, der etwa in der Mitte der freien Fa enlänge x -angeordnet ist, theoretisch nur eine ungerade Zahl sein. Prak¬ tisch wird durch die lose Kopplung von Lautsprecher und Faden der Wert 3 schwierig zu erreichen sein. Diese Ordnungszahl ri kann deswegen mit 1 angenommen werden.The ordinal number ri can theoretically only be an odd number when a thread is excited with a loudspeaker, which is arranged approximately in the middle of the free length x. In practice the value 3 will be difficult to achieve due to the loose coupling of loudspeaker and thread. This atomic number ri can therefore be assumed to be 1.
Die Formel (1) kann somit für gebräuchliche textile Grossen ge schrieben werdenThe formula (1) can thus be written for common textile sizes
f = 158 l^T (2)f = 158 l ^ T (2)
worin f die Schwingungsfreσueπz in Hz, x die Län e in m T der Fadentiter in dtex undwhere f is the vibration frequency in Hz, x is the length in m T the thread titer in dtex and
F die Fadenspannung in cN bedeutet.F means the thread tension in cN.
Die Frequenz kann digital mit einem Zähler gemessen und gemäss dieser Formel (2) die Fadenspannung gerechnet werden. Der Fadentiter T ist als effektiver Titer einzusetzen , also in¬ klusive eventuellem Präparationsauftrag und unter Berücksich¬ tigung einer eventuellen Verkleinerung des Titers infolge elastischer Verstreckung durch die Fadenspannung. Titervariatio¬ nen werden mitgemessen . Die letzte Formel zeigt, dass die Fre- quenz von der spezifischen Fadenspannung - abhängig ist, was den Frequenzbereich für grobe und feine Titer einschränkt, ein Vorteil, der die Geräte für die analoge Auswertung vereinfacht. Die Anwendung. des erfindungsgemässen Messverfahrens lässt sich automatisieren.The frequency can be measured digitally with a counter and the thread tension can be calculated according to this formula (2). The thread titer T is to be used as an effective titer, ie including any preparation application and taking into account any reduction in the titer due to elastic stretching due to the thread tension. Titvariations are also measured. The last formula shows that the frequency is dependent on the specific thread tension, which limits the frequency range for coarse and fine titers, an advantage that simplifies the devices for analog evaluation. The application. The measuring method according to the invention can be automated.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiter eine Vorrichtung zur Durch¬ führung des obenerwähnten Verfahrens, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen mit einem Längsschlitz zum Durchgang des laufenden Fadens versehenen Körper enthält, der einen Laut¬ sprecher und einen Detektor auf der Seite des Längsschlitzes aufweist, die durch einen Verstärker verbunden sind. Der Körper ist etwa in der Mitte der freien Länge des Fadens angeordnet. Wie schon oben gesagt, ist der Fadendetektor ein Reflexionsabtaster oder eine Lichtschranke. Der Reflexions¬ abtaster und die Lichtschranke enthalten eine Lichtquelle im UV, IR oder sichtbaren Bereich, zum Beispiel eine IR-Diode und ein Lichtsmpfänger, zum Beispiel ein Fototransistor. Der Reflexionsabtaster ist senkrecht zu einer Schwingungsebene des Fadens angebracht.The invention further relates to a device for carrying out the above-mentioned method, characterized in that it contains a body provided with a longitudinal slot for the passage of the running thread, which has a loudspeaker and a detector on the side of the longitudinal slot, which by a Amplifiers are connected. The body is located approximately in the middle of the free length of the thread. As already mentioned above, the thread detector is a reflection scanner or a light barrier. The reflection scanner and the light barrier contain a light source in the UV, IR or visible range, for example an IR diode and a light receiver, for example a phototransistor. The The reflection scanner is attached perpendicular to a vibration plane of the thread.
Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung enthalt weiter ein digitales Frequenzmeter, das direkt die Frequenz messen' kann. Anstatt ode in Kombination mit diesem Frequenzmeter kann die Vorrichtung einen Frequenzwandler, ein Filter und einen Verstärker, einen Multiplier und ein Mittel zurAngabe der Spannung ent¬ halten. Die Funktion dieser Elemente ist die folgende: Der Frequenzspannungswandler setzt die Frequenz in eine analoge Spannung um. Diese Spannung wird anschliessend filtriert und verstärkt und πvuss gemäss Formel (2) im Multiplier quadriert werden, so dass diese Grosse der Fadenspannung linear ent¬ spricht. Wenn vorher eine entsprechende Eichung, gemacht wurde, kann man die Fadenspannung auf dem Mittel zur Angabe der Span¬ nung direkt ablesen. Dieses Mittel ist normalerweise ein Voltmeter.The inventive device further contains a digital frequency meter, which may directly measure the frequency '. Instead of or in combination with this frequency meter, the device can contain a frequency converter, a filter and an amplifier, a multiplier and a means for indicating the voltage. The function of these elements is as follows: The frequency voltage converter converts the frequency into an analog voltage. This tension is then filtered and amplified and must be squared in accordance with formula (2) in the multiplier, so that this magnitude corresponds linearly to the thread tension. If a corresponding calibration has been made beforehand, the thread tension can be read off directly on the means for specifying the tension. This means is usually a voltmeter.
Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung bietet die Möglichkeit ent¬ weder die Frequenz digital abzulesen und die Fadenspannung ge¬ mäss Formel (2) manuell zu rechnen oder die Fadenspannung ohne Berechnung direkt abzulesen.The device according to the invention offers the possibility either to read the frequency digitally and to calculate the thread tension according to formula (2) manually or to read the thread tension directly without calculation.
Die Genauigkeit der digitalen Frequenzmessung ist sehr hoch, Veränderungen im Verstärker, Reflexionsabtaster, Lichtschranke oder Lautsprecher stören nicht. Die Genauigkeit bei der ana¬ logen Messverarbeitung liegt günstiger als bei bisherigen Mess" verfahren, da keine Veränderungen im Messgeber auftreten, sonder nur kleine Driften bei den Verstärkern, die zu der Frequenz¬ auswertung gehören, stören können.The accuracy of the digital frequency measurement is very high, changes in the amplifier, reflection scanner, light barrier or loudspeaker do not interfere. The accuracy in the analog measurement processing is more favorable than in previous measurement methods, since no changes occur in the encoder, but only small drifts in the amplifiers belonging to the frequency evaluation can disturb.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Show it:
Fig. 1 und 2 Vorrichtungen zur Messung der Fadenspannung gemäss dem Stand der Technik.1 and 2 devices for measuring the thread tension according to the prior art.
Fig. 3 eine Ansicht der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform.Fig. 3 is a view of the device according to the invention in a first embodiment.
Fig. 4 eine Ansicht in der Richtung y von Fig. 3.4 is a view in the direction y of FIG. 3rd
Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemässen Vor richtung in einer zweiten Ausführungsform.Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention in a second embodiment.
Die beiden Vorrichtungen von Fig. 1 und 2 sind schon in der Einleitung der Beschreibung erwähnt. Der Faden 1 wird an zwei festen Stiften B, C und an einem beweglichen Stift A umge¬ lenkt. Die Kraft F, d.h. die Fadenspannung wird am Stift A gemessen.The two devices of FIGS. 1 and 2 have already been mentioned in the introduction to the description. The thread 1 is deflected on two fixed pins B, C and on a movable pin A. The force F, i.e. the thread tension is measured at pin A.
Gemäss der zweiten Methode des Standes der Technik (Fig. 2) wir ein Faden 2 durch einen Lautsprecher 3 in Schwingung gebracht, indem man mit einem Tongenerator 4 die Eigenfreσuenz des Fadens sucht. Die freie Länge x der Schwingung ist durch die beiden Stifte 5, 6 bestimmt. Man kann dann gemäss Formel (1) die Fadenspannung rechnen mit n = 1. ehe Elemente zum Berechnen und Ablesen der Fadenspannung hin¬ zugefügt sind. Ein digitales Frequenzmeter 20 erlaubt das di¬ rekte Ablesen der Frequenz des Fadens, so dass gemäss Formel (2) die Fadenspannung berechnet werden kann.According to the second method of the prior art (FIG. 2), a thread 2 is made to vibrate by a loudspeaker 3 by looking for the inherent frequency of the thread with a tone generator 4. The free length x of the vibration is determined by the two pins 5, 6. The thread tension can then be calculated according to formula (1) with n = 1. before elements for calculating and reading the thread tension have been added. A digital frequency meter 20 allows the frequency of the thread to be read directly, so that the thread tension can be calculated according to formula (2).
Es ist auch möglich die Fadenspannung direkt zu erhalten: Die Vorrichtung enthält in diesem Fall zusätzlich einen Frequenz- spannurigswandler 21, der die Frequenz in eine 'analoge Spannung umsetzt, einen Filter und Verstärker 22, einen Multiplier 23, der die verstärkte Spannung quadriert, so dass diese Grosse der Fadenspannung entspricht. Man kann dann direkt an einem Volt¬ meter 24 die Fadenspannung ablesen.It is also possible to obtain the thread tension directly: in this case the device additionally contains a frequency tension converter 21, which converts the frequency into an ' analog voltage, a filter and amplifier 22, a multiplier 23, which squares the amplified tension, see above that this size corresponds to the thread tension. The thread tension can then be read off directly from a voltmeter 24.
Die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung ist total automatisiert und erlaubt eine Determination der Fadenspannung ohne den Faden aus seiner geraden Bahn auszulenken. Diese Vorrichtung ist ge¬ eignet für alle Messungen von Fadenspannungen, sowohl von feinen wie von groben Titern und kann auf irgendwelchen tex- tilen Maschinen, für welche eine solche Messung von Interesse ist, plaziert werden. The device according to the invention is totally automated and allows the thread tension to be determined without deflecting the thread from its straight path. This device is suitable for all measurements of thread tensions, both fine and coarse titers, and can be placed on any textile machine for which such a measurement is of interest.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zur Messung der Spannung eines laufenden Fadens, indem der Faden über zwei im Abstand voneinander angeord¬ nete Stifte geführt und durch Druckänderungen mit einem Laut¬ sprecher dazu gebracht wird, zwischen den Stiften zu schwingen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Verstärker ein von einem De¬ tektor erfasstes und von der Fadenlage abhängiges Signal ver¬ stärkt an den Lautsprecher weiterleitet, welcher den Faden auf seine Resonanzschwingung bringt und laufend hält, und dass der Detektor aus einer Lichtquelle und einem Lichtempfänger besteht.1. A method for measuring the tension of a running thread, in that the thread is guided over two pins arranged at a distance from one another and caused by pressure changes with a loudspeaker to oscillate between the pins, characterized in that an amplifier is one of A signal detected by a detector and dependent on the thread position is passed on to the loudspeaker, which brings the thread into resonance oscillation and keeps it running, and that the detector consists of a light source and a light receiver.
2. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Detektor ein Reflexionsabtaster oder eine Lichtschranke ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the detector is a reflection scanner or a light barrier.
3. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen mit einem Längsschlitz zum Durchgang des laufenden Fadens versehenen Körper enthält, der einen Lautsprecher und einen Detektor auf der Seite des Längsschiitzes aufweist, die durch einen Verstärker ver¬ bunden sind.3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a body provided with a longitudinal slot for the passage of the running thread, which has a loudspeaker and a detector on the side of the longitudinal slot, which are connected by an amplifier .
4. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Detektor ein Reflexionsabtaster oder eine Lichtschranke ist. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the detector is a reflection scanner or a light barrier.
5. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reflexionsabtaster und die Lichtschranke eine IR-Diode und ein Lichtempfänger enthalten.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the reflection scanner and the light barrier contain an IR diode and a light receiver.
6. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass si ein digitales Frequenzmeter enthält.6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains a digital frequency meter.
7. Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie in Linie einen Frequeπzspannungswandler, ein Filter und einen Verstärker, einen Multiplier als Quadrierelement und ein Mittel zu Angabe der Spannung enthält.7. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains in line a Frequeπz voltage converter, a filter and an amplifier, a multiplier as a squaring element and a means for specifying the voltage.
8..Vorrichtung gemäss Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mittel zur Angabe der Spannung ein Voltmeter ist.8..Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for indicating the voltage is a voltmeter.
~ \JRE ~ \ JRE
PCT/CH1982/000054 1981-04-29 1982-04-16 Method and device for measuring the tension of a moving a wire WO1982003915A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR8207717A BR8207717A (en) 1981-04-29 1982-04-16 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE TENSION OF A WIRE IN MOTION

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2777/81810429 1981-04-29
CH277781 1981-04-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
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BR (1) BR8207717A (en)
DE (1) DE3242674D2 (en)
FR (1) FR2504898A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2109556A (en)
WO (1) WO1982003915A1 (en)

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FR2671403A1 (en) * 1991-01-07 1992-07-10 Renault Automation Method for continuous measurement of the tension of a belt, and measurement device allowing implementation of the method

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FR2533314B1 (en) * 1982-09-22 1985-06-14 Rhone Poulenc Fibres METHOD AND DEVICE FOR NON-CONTACT MEASUREMENT OF THE VOLTAGE OF FILIFORM PRODUCTS AND MOVING SURFACES
FR2545107B1 (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-06-28 Rhone Poulenc Fibres PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE REGULARITY OF STRUCTURE OF FILAMENTS BASED ON THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS
NO854553L (en) * 1985-11-14 1987-05-15 Papirind Forskningsinst BANESPENNINGSMAALER.
US4692615A (en) * 1985-12-09 1987-09-08 Corning Glass Works Apparatus and method for monitoring tension in a moving fiber by Fourier transform analysis
GB8606074D0 (en) * 1986-03-12 1986-04-16 Fawcett John N Monitoring belt tension
FI89537C (en) * 1992-01-09 1993-10-11 Soundek Oy Measuring device for measuring the tensile stress of an optical fiber or corresponding wire
AU3556795A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-02-09 Hes Optical Fibres (Uk) Limited Method and apparatus for measuring tension in a moving strand
JPH08292111A (en) * 1995-04-24 1996-11-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Belt-tension measuring apparatus
FR2761774A1 (en) * 1997-04-07 1998-10-09 Yves Michnik Vibration sensing tension control system for wires, band strips, etc.

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US3394587A (en) * 1966-03-09 1968-07-30 Du Pont Web tension indicator
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EP0100394A1 (en) * 1982-07-13 1984-02-15 Zellweger Uster Ag Method and device for measuring the tension at textile webs on textile machines, especially mechanical looms
FR2671403A1 (en) * 1991-01-07 1992-07-10 Renault Automation Method for continuous measurement of the tension of a belt, and measurement device allowing implementation of the method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58500580A (en) 1983-04-14
BR8207717A (en) 1983-05-10
DE3242674D2 (en) 1983-09-08
GB2109556A (en) 1983-06-02
FR2504898A1 (en) 1982-11-05

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