WO1991006613A1 - Temperaturkompensation von flüssigkristallparametern - Google Patents

Temperaturkompensation von flüssigkristallparametern Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991006613A1
WO1991006613A1 PCT/CH1990/000250 CH9000250W WO9106613A1 WO 1991006613 A1 WO1991006613 A1 WO 1991006613A1 CH 9000250 W CH9000250 W CH 9000250W WO 9106613 A1 WO9106613 A1 WO 9106613A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trans
weight
liquid crystal
selective reflection
ethyl
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1990/000250
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Richard Buchecker
Jürg FÜNFSCHILLING
Martin Schadt
Original Assignee
F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=4266932&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO1991006613(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag filed Critical F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag
Priority to DE59008313T priority Critical patent/DE59008313D1/de
Priority to EP90915403A priority patent/EP0450025B1/de
Publication of WO1991006613A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991006613A1/de
Priority to HK17897A priority patent/HK17897A/xx

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133382Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/58Dopants or charge transfer agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/02Liquid crystal materials characterised by optical, electrical or physical properties of the components, in general
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3016Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/0009Materials therefor
    • G02F1/0063Optical properties, e.g. absorption, reflection or birefringence
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1396Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3167Modulator illumination systems for polarizing the light beam
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • G02F1/133536Reflective polarizers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • G02F1/133543Cholesteric polarisers

Definitions

  • Cholesteric liquid crystals with a small pitch are increasingly being used for various new areas of application, e.g. for polarized light sources [cf. e.g. Belayev, S.V., et al. in Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. 29, No.4, (1990), L634] or for the visualization of temperatures by color changes in cholesteric layers.
  • the strong temperature dependence of the helical pitch and thus the selective reflection color of cholesteric liquid crystals is known to be used. This allows temperature changes of a few 0.1 ° C to be made visible by shifting the selective reflection wavelength of a cholesteric layer.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for temperature compensation of the selective reflection of cholesteric layers with small helical pitch and mixtures or chiral dopants suitable for this method.
  • this is achieved by mixing a nematic liquid crystal material with at least two chiral dopants which meet the conditions
  • the approximation (1) is derived as follows: The temperature dependence of the twisting of a nematic mixture, which is associated with an An
  • n chiral additives with concentrations c i can be represented as follows:
  • the pitches of the two chiral additives must have an additive effect in order to obtain the small pitch required for selective reflection in the visible range, the coefficients A 1 and A 2 must have the same sign, or
  • Mixture I consists of 76.0% by weight of a nematic liquid crystal, described below and composed of 26 components, which is doped with the following right-turning cholesteric additives:
  • the nematic liquid crystal is composed as follows:
  • Mixture II consists of 75.1% by weight of a nematic liquid crystal consisting of 24 individual components and described below, which is doped with the following left-turning cholesteric additives:
  • the nematic liquid crystal is composed as follows:
  • ⁇ o mean the mean wavelength of the selective reflection
  • d ⁇ o / dT the temperature dependence of ⁇ o in the operating temperature range
  • T c is the cholesteric-isotropic transition temperature.

Abstract

Cholesterische Flüssigkristallmischungen mit kleiner Ganghöhe, bei denen keine oder nur eine geringe Temperaturabhängigkeit der selektiven Reflexion zulässig ist, weil eine starke Temperaturabhängigkeit erwünschte Effekte stören oder verunmöglichen würde, sind temperaturkompensiert. Sie setzen sich zusammen aus einem nematischen Flüssigkristall, der mit mindestens zwei chiralen Zusätzen dotiert ist, welche die folgenden Bedingungen erfüllen: 1) a(c1B1 + c2B2) = b(c1A1 + c2A2) und 2) 1/μo(T) = a(c1A1 + c2A2) + aT(c1B1 + c2B2) + bT(c1A1 + c2A2) erfüllen, wobei μo der Mittelwert des Wellenlängenbandes der selektiven Reflexion, c1, c2,... die Konzentrationen der chiralen Dotierstoffe und Ai, Bi Koeffizienten einer Reihenentwicklung sind.

Description

Temperaturkompensation von Flüssigkristallparametern
Für verschiedene neue Einsatzbereiche werden in zunehmendem Masse cholesterische Flüssigkristalle mit kleiner Ganghöhe verwendet, z.B. für polarisierte Lichtquellen [vgl. z.B. Belayev, S.V., et al. in Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. 29, No.4, (1990), L634] oder zur Sichtbarmachung von Temperaturen durch Farbänderungen cholesterischer Schichten. Bei der letztgenannten Anwendung wird bekanntlich die starke Temperaturabhängigkeit der Helixganghöhe und damit der selektiven Reflexionsfarbe von cholesterischen Flüssigkristallen genutzt. Diese erlaubt es, Temperaturänderungen von wenigen 0,1°C durch Verschiebung der selektiven Reflexionswellenlänge einer cholesterischen Schicht sichtbar zu machen.
Es gibt aber Anwendungen, bei denen keine oder nur eine geringe Temperaturabhängigkeit der selektiven Reflexion von cholesterischen Flüssigkristallen zulässig ist, weil eine starke Temperaturabhängigkeit erwünschte Effekte stören oder verunmöglichen würde.
Es wurde bereits gezeigt, dass die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Ganghöhe bei chiralen nematischen Mischungen verringert werden kann, indem sie mit rechts- und linkssinnigen chiralen Zusätzen dotiert werden [vgl. z.B. Göbl- Wunsch, A. et al. in Zeitschr. Naturforsch. 34a (1979) 594; Gerber, P. Phys. Lett. No. 3 (1980), 285]. Mit diesen bekannten Verfahren, die zu cholesterischen Flüssigkristallen mit grosser Ganghöhe führen, erreicht man eine Kompensation der Temperaturabhängigkeit elektro-optischer Eigenschaften von nematischen Feldeffekten.
Die Anwendung eines ähnlichen Verfahrens zur Kompensation der Temperaturabhängigkeit des Mittelwerts λo des selektiven Reflexionsbandes von cholesterischen Flüssigkristallen mit geringer Ganghöhe wäre nur mög lich, wenn bisher nicht bekannte Dotierstoffe und Verfahren zu deren Anwendung eingesetzt werden könnten.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Temperaturkompensation der selektiven Reflexion von cholesterischen Schichten mit kleinen Helixganghöhen und für dieses Verfahren geeignete Mischungen bzw. chirale Dotierstoffe anzugeben.
Erfϊndungsgemäss wird dies erreicht durch Mischung eines nematischen Flüssigkristallmaterials mit mindestens zwei chiralen Dotierstoffen welche die Bedingungen
(1) a (c1B1 + c2B2) = b (c1A1 + c2A2) und
(2) 1/λo(T) = a (c1A1 + c2A2) + aT (c1B1 + c2B2) + bT (c1A1 + c2A2) erfüllen, wobei λo der Mittelwert des Wellenlängenbandes der selektiven Reflexion und c1,c2,... die Konzentrationen der chiralen Dotierstoffe sind. Ai, Bi sind Koeffizienten in der folgenden Reihenentwicklung
(3) 1/λo(T) = [Ai + Bi (T-22°C) + Ci(T-22°C)2].[a + b (T-22°C)]
Figure imgf000004_0001
Die Approximation (1) wird wie folgt hergeleitet: Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Verdrillung einer nematischen Mischung, die mit einer An
Figure imgf000004_0003
zahl n chiraler Zusätze mit den Konzentrationen ci dotiert ist, kann wie folgt dargestellt werden:
(4) 1/p(T) = [Ai + Bi (T-22°C) + Ci(T-22°C)2 + ...]
Figure imgf000004_0002
wobei die Koeffizienten Bi im linearen Term im wesentlichen die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Verdrillung angeben. Durch Berücksichtigung der Temperaturabhängigkeit des mittleren Brechungsindex
Figure imgf000004_0004
n(T) -der zur Temperaturabhängigkeit des nematischen Ordnungsgrades S(T) proportional ist- gemäss (5)
Figure imgf000005_0002
wobei Δn die optische Anisotropie und n<-> den ordentlichen Brechungsindex des Flüssigkristalls bedeuten, erhält man für die Temperaturabhängigkeit der mittleren Wellenlänge λo planarer cholesterischer Schichten, die aus einem mit n chiralen Zusätzen dotierten nematischen Flüssigkristall bestehen
(6) 1 /λo(T) = [Ai + Bi (T-22°C) + Ci(T-22°C)2].[a + b (T-22°C)]
Figure imgf000005_0001
Durch Vernachlässigung der quadratischen und höheren Potenzen reduziert sich diese Gleichung für zwei chirale Zusätze auf
(2) 1/λo(T) = a (c1A1 + c2A2) + aT (c1B1 + c2B2) + bT (c1A1 + c2A2)
Da im vorliegenden Fall die Ganghöhen der beiden chiralen Zusätze additiv wirken müssen, um die für die selektive Reflexion im sichtbaren Bereich erforderliche kleine Ganghöhe zu erhalten, müssen die Koeffizienten A1 und A2 dasselbe Vorzeichen aufweisen, bzw.
(7) |c1A1 + c2A2 |≠O sein.
Somit folgt aus Gleichung (2), dass Temperaturkompensation von λo nur erreichbar ist, wenn zwei oder mehr chirale Zusätze der Bedingung
(1) a (c1B1 + c2B2) = b (c1A1 + c2A2) genügen. Im speziellen Fall, in dem die Temperaturabhängigkeit von (T) vernachlässigbar ist, d.h. bei Temperaturen weit unterhalb des cho- lesterisch-isotropen Phasenüberganges T « Tc, ergibt sich aus Gleichung (1), dass die linearen Temperaturkoeffizienten Bi der beiden chiralen Zusätze entgegengesetzte Vorzeichen haben und die Bedingung c1B1 = c2B2 erfüllen müssen. Alternativ können auch chirale Zusätze verwendet werden, deren Temperaturabhängigkeit der Helixganghöhe gering ist, bzw. so beschaffen ist, dass (T) gerade kompensiert wird. Damit kann auch λo≠ f(T) erreicht werden.
Im folgenden werden zwei Mischungsbeispiele beschrieben, die die beiden vorstehend genannten Alternativen belegen. Mischung I besteht aus 76,0 Gew.% eines nachstehend näher beschriebenen, aus 26 Komponenten zusammengesetzten nematischen Flüssigkristalls, der mit folgenden rechts drehenden cholesterischen Zusätzen dotiert ist:
5.0 Gew.% Diethyl (4S,5S)-2-[trans-4-(p-cyanophenyl)cydohexyl]-1,3- dioxolane-4,5-dicarboxylate
5.1 Gew.% (R)-1-Methylheptyl p-[(2S,4R,5S)-5-decyl-4-methyl-m- dioxan-2-yl]benzoate
7,5 Gew.% 2,2'-p-phenylenebis[(2S,4R,5S)-4-methyl-5-octyl-m-dioxane]
6,4 Gew.% (R)-alpha-methylheptyl 4'-[(2S,4R,5S)-4-methyl-5-octyl-m- dioxan-2-yl]-4-biphenylcarboxylate
Der nematische Flüssigkristall ist wie folgt zusammengesetzt:
2,0 Gew.% 4'-ethyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
2,0 Gew.% 4'-propyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
7,0 Gew.% 4'-pentyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
7,0 Gew.% p-[trans-4-[(E)-1+pentenyl]cydohexyl]benzonitrile
4,0 Gew.% p-[trans-[(E)-propenyl]cyclohexyl]benzonitrile
3,0 Gew.% trans-4-(3-butenyl)-trans-4'-(p-fluorophenyl)[bicyclohexyl]
3,0 Gew.% trans-4-(p-fluorophenyl)-trans-4'-[(E)-propenyl][1,1,-bicyclohexyl]
3,0 Gew.% 4"-pentyl<p-terphenyl>-4-carbonitrile
3,0 Gew.% 4,-[trans-4-(3-butenyl)cyclohexyl]-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
2,0 Gew.% 4'-[trans-4-[(E(-3-pentenyl]cyclohexyl]-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
2,0 Gew.% 4'-[trans-4-[(E)-propenyl3cyclohexyl]-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
6,0 Gew.% 1-[2-(trans-4-butylcyclohexyl)ethyl]-4-(trans-4-pentylcyclohexyl) benzene 4,0 Gew.% 1-[2-(trans-4-butylcydohexyl)ethyl]-4-[trans-4-(4-pentenyl) cydohexyljbenzene
3,0 Gew.% 4-[2-(trans-4-butylcydohexyl)ethyl]-4'-(trans-4-pentyl
-cydohexy)-1,1'-ethylenedibenzene
5,0 Gew.% ethyl p-[2-(trans-4-propylcydohexyl)ethyl]phenyl ether
6,0 Gew.% ethyl p-[2-(trans-4-pentylcydohexyl)ethyl]phenyl ether
5,0 Gew.% 4-trans-pentyl-4,-trans-vinyl[1,1,-bicydohexyl]
6,0 Gew.% methyl [4'-trans-[(E)-propenyl][1,1'-bicydohexyl]-4-transyl]methyl ether
4,0 Gew.% 4'-trans-(3-butenyl)[1,1'-bicydohexyl]-4-trans-yl ethyl ether
3,0 Gew.% trans-4-methoxy-trans-4'-[(E)-3-pentenyl][bicydohexyl]
2,0 Gew.% 1-ethoxy-4-[trans-4-[(E)-3-pentenyl]cydohexyl]benzene
3,0 Gew.% (E)-2-butenyl p-(trans-4-propylcydohexyl)phenyl ether
4,0 Gew.% (E)-2-butenyl p-(trans-4-pentylcydohexyl)phenyl ether
3,0 Gew.% 1-ethyl-4'-[tτans-4-[(E)-3-pentenyl]cydohexyl]biphenyl
4,0 Gqw.% 1-[trans-4-[(E)-3-pentenyl]cydohexyl]-4'-propylbiphenyl
3,0 Gew.% p-[trans-4-(3-pentenyl)cydohexyl]phenyl trans-4-propylcydohexanecarboxylate
Mischung II besteht aus 75,1 Gew.% eines nachstehend näher beschriebenen, aus 24 Einzelkomponenten bestehenden nematischen Flüssigkristalls, der mit folgenden links drehenden cholesterischen Zusätzen dotiert ist:
.3,9 Gew.% 16beta-methyl-17-oxoandrost-5-en-3beta-yl acetate
7,3 Gew.% bis[(S)-1-methylheptyl]p-terphenyl-4,4"-dicarboxylate
6,9 Gew.% dibutyl (4R,5R)-2-[trans-4-(p-cyanophenyl)cydohexyl]- 1,3-dioxolane-4,5-dicarboxylate 6,8 Gew.% diethyl (4R,5R)-2-[trans-4-(p-cyanophenyl)cydohexyl]- 1,3-dioxolane-4,5-dicarboxylate
Der nematische Flüssigkristall ist wie folgt zusammengesetzt:
3,0 Gew.% 4'-ethyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
3,0 Gew.% 4'-propyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
5,0 Gew.% 4,-pentyl-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
4,0 Gew.% p-[trans-4-(3-butenyl)cydohexyl]benzonitrile
8,0 Gew.% p-[trans-4-[(E)-1+pentenyl]cydohexyl]benzonitrile
3,0 Gew.% 4"-pentyl<p-terphenyl>-4-carbonitrile
3,0 Gew.% 4'-[trans-4-(3-butenyl)cyclohexyl]-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
2,0 Gew.% 4'-[trans-4-[(E(-3-pentenyl]cydohexyl]-4-biphenylcarbonitrile
8,0 Gew.% 1-[2-(trans-4-butylcydohexyl)ethyl]-4-(trans-4-pentylcyclohexyl) benzene
2,0 Gew.% 5-(trans-4-pentylcydohexyl)-2-[p-(trans-4-propylcydohexyl) phenyl] pyrimidine
3,0 Gew.% 4-[2-(trans-4-butylcyclohexyl)ethyl]-4'-(trans-4-pentyl
-cyclohexyl)-1,1'-ethylenedibenzene
3,0 Gew.% p-cyanophenyl trans-4-[2-(trans-4-propylcyclohexyl)ethyl]
cydohexanecarboxylate
7,0 Gew.% ethyl p-[2-(trans-4-propylcydohexyl)ethyl]phenyl ether
10,0 Gew.% ethyl p-[2-(trans-4-pentylcyclohexyl)ethyl]phenyl ether
6,0 Gew.% 4-trans-pentyl-4'-trans-vinyl[1,1'-bicyclohexyl]
5,0 Gew.% 4'-trans-(3-butenyl)[1,1'-bicyclohexyl]-4-trans-yl ethyl ether
3,0 Gew.% 4'-trans-(4-pentenyl)[1,1'-bicydohexyl]-4-trans-yl ethyl ether 3,0 Gew.% trans-4-methoxy-trans-4'-[(E)-3-pentenyl][bicydohexyl]
2,0 Gew.% 1-ethoxy-4-[trans-4-[(E)-3-pentenyl]cydohexyl]benzene
3,0 Gew.% (E)-2-butenyl p-(trans-4-propylcydohexyl)phenyl ether
4,0 Gew.% (E)-2-butenyl p-(trans-4-pentylcydohexyl)phenyl ether
3,0 Gew.% 1-ethyl-4'-[trans-4-[(E)-3-pentenyl]cydohexyl]biphenyl
4,0 Gew.% 1 -[trans-4-[(E)-3-pentenyl]cydohexyl]-4'-propylbiphenyl
3,0 Gew.% p-[trans-4-(3-pentenyl)cydohexyl]phenyl trans-4-propyl- cydohexanecarboxylate
Die gemessenen Eigenschaften der beiden Mischungen I und II sind in der folgenden Tabelle zusammengestellt:
Figure imgf000009_0001
In dieser Tabelle bedeuten λo die mittlere Wellenlänge der selektiven Reflexion; ΔλF WHM die Bandbreite der selektiven Reflexion (FWHM = full width at half maxim um); dλo/dT die Temperaturabhängigkeit von λo im Betriebstemperaturbereich; A einen Koeffizienten, der die Erhöhung von λo(c) infolge der Dotierung der cholesterischen Mischtmg mit ihrer nematischen "Wirts"-Substanz nach folgender Formel angibt λo(c)=λo + Ac; Tc die cholesterisch-isotrope Uebergangstemperatur.

Claims

Patentansprüche
1. Cholesterische Flüssigkristallmischung mit temperaturkompensierter selektiver Reflexion, gekennzeichnet durch einen nematischen Flüssigkristall, der mit mindestens zwei chiralen Zusätzen dotiert ist, welche die Bedingungen
(1) a (c1B1 + c2B2) = b (c1A1 + c2A2) und
(2) 1/λo(T) = a (c1A1 + c2A2) + aT (c1B1 + c2B2) + bT (c1A1 + c2A2) erfüllen, wobei λo der Mittelwert des Wellenlängenbandes der selektiven Reflexion, c1,c2,... die Konzentrationen der chiralen Dotierstoffe und Ai, Bi Koeffizienten in der folgenden Reihenentwicklung
(3) 1/λo(T) = [Ai + Bi (T-22°C) + Ci(T-22°C)2].[a + b (T-22°C)]
Figure imgf000011_0001
sind und über den Betriebstemperaturbereich der Mischimg dλo/dT < 0,5 nm/°C gilt.
2. Verfahren zur Temperaturkompensation der wellenlängen-selektiven Reflexion eines cholesterischen Flüssigkristalls, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Flüssigkristall mindestens zwei Dotierstoffe zugegeben werden, welche die Bedingungen
(1) a (c1B1 + c2B2) = b (c1A1 + c2A2) und
(2) 1/λo(T) = a (c1A1 + c2A2) + aT (c1B1 + c2B2) + bT (c1A1 + c2A2) erfüllen, wobei λo der Mittelwert des Wellenlängenbandes der selektiven Reflexion, c1,c2,... die Konzentrationen der chiralen Dotierstoffe und Ai, Bi Koeffizienten in der folgenden Reihenentwicklung (3) 1 /λo(T) = [Ai+Bi(T-22°C)+Ci(T-22°C)2].[a+b(T-22°C)]
Figure imgf000012_0001
sind und über den Betriebstemperaturbereich der Mischung dλo/dT<0,5 nm/°C gut.
PCT/CH1990/000250 1989-11-01 1990-10-26 Temperaturkompensation von flüssigkristallparametern WO1991006613A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59008313T DE59008313D1 (de) 1989-11-01 1990-10-26 Temperaturkompensation von flüssigkristallparametern.
EP90915403A EP0450025B1 (de) 1989-11-01 1990-10-26 Temperaturkompensation von flüssigkristallparametern
HK17897A HK17897A (en) 1989-11-01 1997-02-13 Temperature compensation of liquid-crystal parameters

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH394889 1989-11-01
CH3948/89-4 1989-11-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991006613A1 true WO1991006613A1 (de) 1991-05-16

Family

ID=4266932

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH1990/000251 WO1991006889A1 (de) 1989-11-01 1990-10-26 Lichtsteuereinrichtungen mit flüssigkristallen
PCT/CH1990/000250 WO1991006613A1 (de) 1989-11-01 1990-10-26 Temperaturkompensation von flüssigkristallparametern

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH1990/000251 WO1991006889A1 (de) 1989-11-01 1990-10-26 Lichtsteuereinrichtungen mit flüssigkristallen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5319478A (de)
EP (2) EP0450025B1 (de)
JP (2) JP2831463B2 (de)
KR (2) KR920701862A (de)
DE (1) DE59008313D1 (de)
HK (1) HK17897A (de)
SG (1) SG50560A1 (de)
WO (2) WO1991006889A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004053022A1 (de) * 2002-12-07 2004-06-24 Merck Patent Gmbh Flüssigkristallines medium und flüssigkristallanzeige mit hoher verdrillung

Families Citing this family (132)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5486949A (en) 1989-06-20 1996-01-23 The Dow Chemical Company Birefringent interference polarizer
EP0470817A3 (en) * 1990-08-09 1992-11-25 Seiko Epson Corporation Liquid crystal electro-optical device
DE69221968T2 (de) * 1991-06-28 1998-03-05 Philips Electronics Nv Bildwiedergabeanordnung
US6034753A (en) * 1991-11-27 2000-03-07 Reveo, Inc. Circularly polarizing reflective material having super broad-band reflection and transmission characteristics and method of fabricating and using same in diverse applications
US6753044B2 (en) 1991-11-27 2004-06-22 Reveo, Inc. Coloring media having improved brightness and color characteristics
TW289095B (de) * 1993-01-11 1996-10-21
US5486935A (en) * 1993-06-29 1996-01-23 Kaiser Aerospace And Electronics Corporation High efficiency chiral nematic liquid crystal rear polarizer for liquid crystal displays having a notch polarization bandwidth of 100 nm to 250 nm
DE4328785A1 (de) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-02 Consortium Elektrochem Ind Optische Elemente mit abbildender farb- und polarisationsselektiver Reflexion enthaltend cholesterische Flüssigkristalle sowie Herstellung und Verwendung dieser Elemente
US5408346A (en) * 1993-10-20 1995-04-18 Kaiser Electro-Optics, Inc. Optical collimating device employing cholesteric liquid crystal and a non-transmissive reflector
US6498683B2 (en) * 1999-11-22 2002-12-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer optical bodies
US6096375A (en) * 1993-12-21 2000-08-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical polarizer
US5882774A (en) 1993-12-21 1999-03-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Optical film
EP0962807B1 (de) 1993-12-21 2008-12-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Mehrschichtiger optischer Film
US20070091230A1 (en) * 1993-12-21 2007-04-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Display incorporating reflective polarizer
US6025897A (en) * 1993-12-21 2000-02-15 3M Innovative Properties Co. Display with reflective polarizer and randomizing cavity
US6804058B1 (en) 1993-12-21 2004-10-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Electroluminescent light source and display incorporating same
US5541745A (en) * 1994-01-25 1996-07-30 Fergason; James L. Illumination system for a display using cholesteric liquid crystal reflectors
US5717422A (en) * 1994-01-25 1998-02-10 Fergason; James L. Variable intensity high contrast passive display
US5532854A (en) * 1994-01-25 1996-07-02 Fergason; James L. Folded variable birefringerence zeroth order hybrid aligned liquid crystal apparatus
WO1995020180A1 (en) * 1994-01-25 1995-07-27 Fergason James L Display system and method
US5986734A (en) * 1994-04-04 1999-11-16 Rockwell International Corporation Organic polymer O-plate compensator for improved gray scale performance in twisted nematic liquid crystal displays
US6101032A (en) * 1994-04-06 2000-08-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Light fixture having a multilayer polymeric film
US6184969B1 (en) * 1994-10-25 2001-02-06 James L. Fergason Optical display system and method, active and passive dithering using birefringence, color image superpositioning and display enhancement
JP3295583B2 (ja) * 1994-12-19 2002-06-24 シャープ株式会社 光学装置および該光学装置を用いた頭部搭載型ディスプレイ
US5751388A (en) 1995-04-07 1998-05-12 Honeywell Inc. High efficiency polarized display
US5699188A (en) * 1995-06-26 1997-12-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. Metal-coated multilayer mirror
US6737154B2 (en) 1995-06-26 2004-05-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer polymer film with additional coatings or layers
EP0855043B1 (de) * 1995-06-26 2003-02-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diffus reflektierende mehrschicht-polarisatoren und spiegel
WO1997001788A1 (en) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Transflective displays with reflective polarizing transflector
JP4122057B2 (ja) 1995-06-26 2008-07-23 スリーエム カンパニー 追加のコーティングまたは層を備えた多層ポリマーフィルム
WO1997001778A1 (en) 1995-06-26 1997-01-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Transparent multilayer device
DE69629471T2 (de) * 1995-06-26 2004-06-09 Minnesota Mining And Mfg. Co., Saint Paul Hintergrundbeleuchtungsvorrichtung mit mehrschichtfilmreflektor
US6088067A (en) * 1995-06-26 2000-07-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid crystal display projection system using multilayer optical film polarizers
US6080467A (en) 1995-06-26 2000-06-27 3M Innovative Properties Company High efficiency optical devices
US5731886A (en) * 1995-09-28 1998-03-24 Rockwell International Corporation Birefringent compensator for reflective polarizers
US6404464B1 (en) 1995-10-30 2002-06-11 Reveo, Inc. Method and system for producing color images with improved brightness and color characteristics on radiation absorptive surfaces
KR100486319B1 (ko) 1996-02-29 2005-09-12 미네소타 마이닝 앤드 매뉴팩춰링 캄파니 공동연속상을갖는광학필름
AU713583B2 (en) 1996-02-29 1999-12-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Brightness enhancement film
US5825543A (en) 1996-02-29 1998-10-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diffusely reflecting polarizing element including a first birefringent phase and a second phase
US5867316A (en) * 1996-02-29 1999-02-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Multilayer film having a continuous and disperse phase
JP3291432B2 (ja) * 1996-06-11 2002-06-10 シャープ株式会社 液晶表示装置およびこれを用いた端末装置
US5808794A (en) 1996-07-31 1998-09-15 Weber; Michael F. Reflective polarizers having extended red band edge for controlled off axis color
US6774961B2 (en) * 1996-11-08 2004-08-10 Reveo, Inc. Broad-band polarizer and method of fabricating broad-band polarizers
US6313893B1 (en) * 1996-12-27 2001-11-06 Duke University Compensation for DC balancing of liquid crystal displays
US6627300B1 (en) 1997-10-12 2003-09-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical device containing polymeric material domains having different degrees of randomness
US6486997B1 (en) 1997-10-28 2002-11-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective LCD projection system using wide-angle Cartesian polarizing beam splitter
US7023602B2 (en) * 1999-05-17 2006-04-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective LCD projection system using wide-angle Cartesian polarizing beam splitter and color separation and recombination prisms
US6082876A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-07-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Hand-holdable toy light tube with color changing film
US5999317A (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-12-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Toy mirror with transmissive image mode
US6157486A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-12-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Retroreflective dichroic reflector
US6179948B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2001-01-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical film and process for manufacture thereof
US6113811A (en) 1998-01-13 2000-09-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Dichroic polarizing film and optical polarizer containing the film
US6569515B2 (en) 1998-01-13 2003-05-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayered polymer films with recyclable or recycled layers
US6049419A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-04-11 3M Innovative Properties Co Multilayer infrared reflecting optical body
US6207260B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2001-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Multicomponent optical body
US6012820A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-01-11 3M Innovative Properties Compnay Lighted hand-holdable novelty article
WO1999036262A2 (en) 1998-01-13 1999-07-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Modified copolyesters and improved multilayer reflective films
US6053795A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-04-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Toy having image mode and changed image mode
US6111697A (en) 1998-01-13 2000-08-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical device with a dichroic polarizer and a multilayer optical film
US6157490A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-12-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical film with sharpened bandedge
US6808658B2 (en) 1998-01-13 2004-10-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making texture multilayer optical films
US6788463B2 (en) * 1998-01-13 2004-09-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Post-formable multilayer optical films and methods of forming
US6024455A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-02-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective article with concealed retroreflective pattern
US6531230B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2003-03-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Color shifting film
BR9906908A (pt) 1998-01-13 2000-10-10 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Partìculas de glìter, artigo compósito, dispersão, combinação dispersìvel, composto de moldagem, e, composições moldável por injeção, cosmética tópica medicamentosa e compreendendo o glìter.
US6967778B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2005-11-22 3M Innovative Properties Co. Optical film with sharpened bandedge
US6045894A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-04-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Clear to colored security film
US6926952B1 (en) * 1998-01-13 2005-08-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Anti-reflective polymer constructions and method for producing same
US6120026A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-09-19 3M Innovative Properties Co. Game with privacy material
US6256146B1 (en) 1998-07-31 2001-07-03 3M Innovative Properties Post-forming continuous/disperse phase optical bodies
US6749427B1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2004-06-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Dental articles including post-formable multilayer optical films
US6515717B1 (en) 1998-08-28 2003-02-04 Reveo, Inc. Computer-based system for producing multi-color multilayer images on substrates using dry multi-colored cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) pigment materials applied to binder material patterns
KR100741609B1 (ko) * 1998-10-28 2007-07-23 다이니폰 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 액정표시장치
US6208466B1 (en) 1998-11-25 2001-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer reflector with selective transmission
US6147734A (en) * 1998-12-17 2000-11-14 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Bidirectional dichroic circular polarizer and reflection/transmission type liquid-crystal display device
US20010046086A1 (en) * 1998-12-23 2001-11-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Polymeric interference film
US6455140B1 (en) 1999-01-13 2002-09-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Visible mirror film glitter
US6322236B1 (en) 1999-02-09 2001-11-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical film with defect-reducing surface and method for making same
US6381068B1 (en) 1999-03-19 2002-04-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective projection screen and projection system
EP1084446A1 (de) * 1999-04-08 2001-03-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Anzeigevorrichtung
US6515785B1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2003-02-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical devices using reflecting polarizing materials
US6407862B2 (en) 1999-05-14 2002-06-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Electronic projection system with polymeric film optical components
US6972813B1 (en) * 1999-06-09 2005-12-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical laminated bodies, lighting equipment and area luminescence equipment
AU2515200A (en) 1999-09-20 2001-04-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical films having at least one particle-containing layer
US6673275B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2004-01-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making optical devices from homopolymers
US6449093B2 (en) 1999-10-12 2002-09-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical bodies made with a birefringent polymer
US6654170B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2003-11-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical device having continuous and disperse phases
US6590711B1 (en) 2000-04-03 2003-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Co. Light directing construction having corrosion resistant feature
US6264336B1 (en) 1999-10-22 2001-07-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Display apparatus with corrosion-resistant light directing film
US6590707B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2003-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Birefringent reflectors using isotropic materials and form birefringence
ATE307165T1 (de) 2000-04-13 2005-11-15 3M Innovative Properties Co Lichtstabile gegenstände
ATE374953T1 (de) 2000-08-21 2007-10-15 3M Innovative Properties Co Reflektierende optische filter mit verlustoptimierung
US6534158B2 (en) 2001-02-16 2003-03-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Color shifting film with patterned fluorescent and non-fluorescent colorants
US6506480B2 (en) 2001-02-16 2003-01-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Color shifting film with a plurality of fluorescent colorants
US6917399B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2005-07-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical bodies containing cholesteric liquid crystal material and methods of manufacture
US6573963B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2003-06-03 3M Innovativeproperties Company Cholesteric liquid crystal optical bodies and methods of manufacture
JP5067684B2 (ja) 2001-06-14 2012-11-07 Nltテクノロジー株式会社 液晶表示装置及びその製造方法
US6876427B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2005-04-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Cholesteric liquid crystal optical bodies and methods of manufacture and use
JP2006503733A (ja) * 2002-10-24 2006-02-02 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 連続相および分散相を有する高利得光デバイスの作製方法
US8243004B2 (en) 2003-03-10 2012-08-14 Fergason Patent Properties, Llc Apparatus and method for preparing, storing, transmitting and displaying images
US20040219338A1 (en) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-04 Hebrink Timothy J. Materials, configurations, and methods for reducing warpage in optical films
US7195356B1 (en) * 2003-09-22 2007-03-27 Colorlink, Inc. Split-path color switching system and method
US7019905B2 (en) * 2003-12-30 2006-03-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer reflector with suppression of high order reflections
DE102004021494B4 (de) * 2004-04-30 2006-04-06 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Vorrichtung zum Auf- und Abziehen einer Hülse
WO2006049951A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical films incorporating cyclic olefin copolymers
US7329465B2 (en) * 2004-10-29 2008-02-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical films incorporating cyclic olefin copolymers
US20060093809A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Hebrink Timothy J Optical bodies and methods for making optical bodies
US20060159888A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-07-20 Hebrink Timothy J Optical films incorporating cyclic olefin copolymers
US7525604B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2009-04-28 Naxellent, Llc Windows with electrically controllable transmission and reflection
US20060227421A1 (en) 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Stover Carl A Optical bodies including strippable boundary layers
CN101189123B (zh) * 2005-04-06 2010-06-09 3M创新有限公司 具有可剥离型粗糙界面层和非对称性表面结构物的光学体
US9709700B2 (en) * 2005-04-06 2017-07-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical bodies including rough strippable boundary layers
US7180779B2 (en) * 2005-07-11 2007-02-20 Atmel Corporation Memory architecture with enhanced over-erase tolerant control gate scheme
DK2106560T3 (en) * 2007-01-24 2017-08-07 Ravenbrick Llc THERMAL REPLACED OPTICAL DOWN CONVERTER FILTER
US7936500B2 (en) * 2007-03-02 2011-05-03 Ravenbrick Llc Wavelength-specific optical switch
US7973998B2 (en) * 2007-05-18 2011-07-05 Serious Materials, Inc. Temperature activated optical films
EP2171520A4 (de) * 2007-07-11 2011-09-07 Ravenbrick Llc Wärmegesteuerter reflektiver optischer rollladen
KR101303981B1 (ko) * 2007-09-19 2013-09-04 라벤브릭 엘엘씨 나노스케일의 와이어 그리드를 포함하는 저 방사율 윈도우 필름 및 코팅
US8169685B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2012-05-01 Ravenbrick, Llc Thermally switched absorptive window shutter
ATE528377T1 (de) 2008-03-05 2011-10-15 Merck Patent Gmbh Flüssigkristallines medium und flüssigkristallanzeige mit verdrehtem garn
KR101302802B1 (ko) * 2008-04-23 2013-09-02 라벤브릭 엘엘씨 반사성 및 열반사성 표면의 광택 조절
US9116302B2 (en) * 2008-06-19 2015-08-25 Ravenbrick Llc Optical metapolarizer device
WO2010022294A2 (en) 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Ravenbrick, Llc Methods for fabricating thermochromic filters
KR101787767B1 (ko) 2009-04-10 2017-10-18 라벤브릭 엘엘씨 게스트-호스트 아키텍처를 포함하는 열적으로 스위칭되는 광학 필터
US8867132B2 (en) * 2009-10-30 2014-10-21 Ravenbrick Llc Thermochromic filters and stopband filters for use with same
WO2011062708A2 (en) * 2009-11-17 2011-05-26 Ravenbrick Llc Thermally switched optical filter incorporating a refractive optical structure
US20110199680A1 (en) * 2010-01-22 2011-08-18 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with three-dimensional viewing capability
EP2526456A4 (de) * 2010-01-22 2014-01-29 Oakley Inc Linsen für 3d-brillen
CN103038701B (zh) * 2010-03-29 2017-01-18 雷文布里克有限责任公司 聚合物稳定的热致液晶装置
CN103080443B (zh) 2010-06-01 2015-11-25 雷文布里克有限责任公司 多功能建筑构件
EP2399972B1 (de) 2010-06-25 2015-11-25 Merck Patent GmbH Flüssigkristallines medium und flüssigkristallanzeige mit hoher verdrehung
CA2847185A1 (en) 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 Ravenbrick, Llc Thermotropic optical shutter incorporating coatable polarizers

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0211646A2 (de) * 1985-08-02 1987-02-25 Chisso Corporation Flüssigkristallzusammensetzung
EP0217240A1 (de) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-08 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Chirale Ester mesogener Carbonsäuren, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Dotierstoff in Flüssigkristall-Phasen
EP0218132A1 (de) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-15 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Flüssigkristall-Phase mit eine Temperaturkompensation bewirkenden Dotierstoffen
EP0351746A1 (de) * 1988-07-22 1990-01-24 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Optisch aktive, in 4-Stellung einen mesogenen Rest tragende 1,3-Dioxolan-Derivate, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Dotierstoffe in Flüssigkristallmischungen

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3807831A (en) * 1972-06-20 1974-04-30 Beckman Instruments Inc Liquid crystal display apparatus
US3960438A (en) * 1972-12-01 1976-06-01 Honeywell Inc. Reflective displays
CH573126A5 (de) * 1974-06-07 1976-02-27 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
US4073571A (en) * 1976-05-05 1978-02-14 Hughes Aircraft Company Circularly polarized light source
JPS6146030A (ja) * 1984-08-10 1986-03-06 Fujitsu Ltd 加熱炉
JP2525153B2 (ja) * 1985-08-02 1996-08-14 チッソ株式会社 液晶組成物
JPS6325626A (ja) * 1986-07-18 1988-02-03 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 液晶表示素子
US5243451A (en) * 1989-05-15 1993-09-07 Ricoh Company, Ltd. DAP type liquid crystal device with cholesteric liquid crystal birefringent layer
EP0407830B1 (de) * 1989-07-10 1996-09-25 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Polarisator
US5235443A (en) * 1989-07-10 1993-08-10 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Polarizer device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0211646A2 (de) * 1985-08-02 1987-02-25 Chisso Corporation Flüssigkristallzusammensetzung
EP0217240A1 (de) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-08 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Chirale Ester mesogener Carbonsäuren, ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Dotierstoff in Flüssigkristall-Phasen
EP0218132A1 (de) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-15 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Flüssigkristall-Phase mit eine Temperaturkompensation bewirkenden Dotierstoffen
EP0351746A1 (de) * 1988-07-22 1990-01-24 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Optisch aktive, in 4-Stellung einen mesogenen Rest tragende 1,3-Dioxolan-Derivate, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Dotierstoffe in Flüssigkristallmischungen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, Band 34A, Nr. 5, Mai 1979, A. Göbl-Wunsch et al.: "temperaturfunktionen der durch Mehrfachdotierung mit chiralen Verbindungen in einer nematischen Phase induzierten Helixganghöhe", Seiten 594-599 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004053022A1 (de) * 2002-12-07 2004-06-24 Merck Patent Gmbh Flüssigkristallines medium und flüssigkristallanzeige mit hoher verdrillung
US7452575B2 (en) 2002-12-07 2008-11-18 Merck Patent Gmbh Liquid crystal medium and liquid crystal display with a highly twisted structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SG50560A1 (en) 2000-10-24
EP0452438A1 (de) 1991-10-23
KR920701862A (ko) 1992-08-12
JPH04502524A (ja) 1992-05-07
JP2831463B2 (ja) 1998-12-02
JP2809877B2 (ja) 1998-10-15
EP0450025A1 (de) 1991-10-09
EP0450025B1 (de) 1995-01-18
KR100203549B1 (ko) 1999-06-15
WO1991006889A1 (de) 1991-05-16
DE59008313D1 (de) 1995-03-02
JPH04502486A (ja) 1992-05-07
HK17897A (en) 1997-02-13
US5319478A (en) 1994-06-07
KR920701393A (ko) 1992-08-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0450025B1 (de) Temperaturkompensation von flüssigkristallparametern
DE2502904C2 (de)
DE3022818C2 (de) Flüssigkristall-Anzeigeelement
EP0056501B1 (de) Flüssigkristallmischung
DE2827471C2 (de) Flüssigkristallzelle mit einer induzierten cholesterischen Phase
DE4303335B4 (de) Ferroelektrische Flüssigkristall-Mischungen mit kurzer ferroelektrischer Ganghöhe
DE2854310A1 (de) Nematisch-fluessige kristalle fuer anzeigevorrichtungen
DE602004006495T2 (de) Nematische flüssigkristallmischungen für bistabile flüssigkristallanzeigevorrichtungen
DE4027981A1 (de) Matrix-fluessigkristallanzeige
EP0207975A1 (de) Flüssigkristalline phase.
EP0205503A1 (de) Flüssigkristalline phase.
DE3433248A1 (de) Elektrooptisches anzeigeelement
DE2538865A1 (de) Nematische fluessigkristallmassen
DE3037303A1 (de) Fluessigkristalline ester und ihre verwendung
DE3420110C2 (de) Zusammensetzungen für Flüssigkristalle
DD222039A5 (de) Nematische fluessigkristall-zusammensetzung
DE2918000C2 (de) Nematische kristallin-flüssige Mischungen
DE3007259C2 (de)
DE2658568A1 (de) Darstellungseinrichtung aus fluessigen kristallen
DE4434754A1 (de) Neue Verbindungen zur Verwendung in Flüssigkristallmischungen
EP0118061B1 (de) Flüssigkristalline Guest-Host-Systeme
DE3419512C1 (de) Zusammensetzung fuer Fluessigkristalle
US5309265A (en) Short pitch LC layer with a temperature independent λ0 and containing a nematic LC doped with plural chiral additives having the same twist sense
DE3034249A1 (de) Fluessigkristall-zusammensetzung
DE2644219A1 (de) Nichtsmektische fluessigkristallmischung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP KR US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LU NL SE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1990915403

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1990915403

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1990915403

Country of ref document: EP