WO1991018181A1 - Device for transmitting forces to mobile bodies - Google Patents

Device for transmitting forces to mobile bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991018181A1
WO1991018181A1 PCT/DE1991/000377 DE9100377W WO9118181A1 WO 1991018181 A1 WO1991018181 A1 WO 1991018181A1 DE 9100377 W DE9100377 W DE 9100377W WO 9118181 A1 WO9118181 A1 WO 9118181A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inserts
clamping jaws
embedded
needles
jaws
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1991/000377
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manfred Jänsch
Original Assignee
Weatherford Products & Equipment Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weatherford Products & Equipment Gmbh filed Critical Weatherford Products & Equipment Gmbh
Priority to CA002064197A priority Critical patent/CA2064197C/en
Priority to DE59102560T priority patent/DE59102560D1/en
Priority to EP91908781A priority patent/EP0482158B1/en
Publication of WO1991018181A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991018181A1/en
Priority to NO920142A priority patent/NO306269B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/16—Details, e.g. jaws, jaw attachments
    • B25B5/163—Jaws or jaw attachments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/24—Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways
    • B25B1/2405—Construction of the jaws
    • B25B1/241—Construction of the jaws characterised by surface features or material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/24—Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways
    • B25B1/2405—Construction of the jaws
    • B25B1/2452—Construction of the jaws with supplementary jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/14—Clamps for work of special profile
    • B25B5/147—Clamps for work of special profile for pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/02—Jaws
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
    • E21B19/06—Elevators, i.e. rod- or tube-gripping devices
    • E21B19/07—Slip-type elevators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
    • E21B19/161—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints using a wrench or a spinner adapted to engage a circular section of pipe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S294/00—Handling: hand and hoist-line implements
    • Y10S294/902—Gripping element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17411—Spring biased jaws
    • Y10T279/17418—Unitary
    • Y10T279/17452—Unitary with jaw pads or insert
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/34—Accessory or component
    • Y10T279/3456—Padded or cushioned jaw

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for introducing translatory forces and / or torques into movable bodies with the aid of clamping jaws which grip the body.
  • Knives are often used to securely transmit the clamping forces to the movable bodies, with which the clamping jaws are fitted.
  • the knives or other elements which considerably increase the local surface pressure often damage the surfaces of the rigid bodies to be moved or lead to undesired impressions, so that the damaged body surfaces are increasingly exposed to corrosion.
  • stainless steel is increasingly being used for borehole pipes at ⁇ Ife Idtechni k. For this reason, a long service life is important for cost reasons.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a device according to the generic term mentioned at the outset in such a way that damage-free attack of the clamping jaws on the surfaces of the bodies to be detected and moved is made possible.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the clamping jaws are equipped with inserts made of elastomeric material as a carrier material for a large number of hard particles with tips directed against the contact surfaces of the bodies to be clamped.
  • the invention enables the transmission of large translational forces or large torques directed perpendicular to the clamping forces to rigid bodies to be moved without damaging their surfaces and thereby subjecting them to increased corrosion, largely independently of the material used. Bodies made of plastic can also be detected without disadvantage. This advantage is achieved by a wide-area, combined friction and form fit, the elasticity of the carrier material ensuring full-area contact between the insert and the surfaces to be detected even if the latter has an exact flat or cylindrical shape soft and, for example, areas of greater or lesser unevenness or curvatures.
  • the ends of the needles on the attack side extend essentially up to the surface of the insert lying against the body to be moved, while the ends of the needles on the clamping jaw side are preferably at a distance from the contact surface of the elastomeric inserts on the clamping jaws end up.
  • the elastomeric material located between the needle ends on the jaw side and the jaws can compensate for unevenness in the parts to be clamped, since elastomeric material can flow laterally at high pressure.
  • Crystal grains of the same or different sizes made of diamond, glass, corundum, quartz, ceramic and the like are suitable for this.
  • Fig. 1 shows the cross section through a tube with this
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of a region of the longitudinal section AB
  • FIG. 4 shows the enlarged plan view of a part of the insert with embedded needle-shaped parts
  • FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of needle-shaped parts with an inclination to the radial direction
  • FIG. 6 shows the enlarged representation of a longitudinal section of an insert with embedded granular particles
  • FIG. 7 shows the cross section through a tube clamp with inserts with embedded needle-shaped parts
  • FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through the tube clamp according to FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 individual parts of the tube clamp in a diagrammatic representation.
  • a pipe section 1 of a clamping jaw 2 which consists of a clamping body 3 and a jaw shell 4 for receiving an insert 5 made of an elastomeric material.
  • the * clamping body 3 shows hinge-like fastening tabs 3a between which the tabs of lever-like holding elements (not shown) engage, which are secured by the bores 6 by inserting a bolt.
  • the shell 4 forms together with the surface of the tube 1, the sti rnsei ti gene end rings 7 and longitudinal strips 8 a chamber for receiving the deposits 5th
  • the insert 5 made of elastomeric material contains radially aligned needles 9, the radially outer ends of which end at a distance in front of the jaw shell 4.
  • the elastomeric material 10 in this area therefore has the possibility, in the event of unevenness of the parts to be screwed, being displaced laterally under high pressure and to compensate for the unevenness.
  • needles 11 with an inclination to the radial direction are embedded. Their course shows a discontinuity 11a in the form of a kink in the radially outer region, which leads to a radially directed region.
  • the needles are better able to move sideways if this is necessary due to the not completely uniform surfaces on which the insert lies.
  • the needles are designed to be resilient.
  • Metals based on iron and non-iron can be mentioned as suitable materials for the needles.
  • Needles made of plastic of sufficient hardness are also conceivable. These can lead to a particularly gentle treatment of the surfaces to be detected when high torques are transmitted. With all rod-shaped parts, excessive deflection or kinking is prevented by the all-round pressure of the carrier material.
  • the elastomeric material of the insert 5 contains granular particles 12, for example diamond dust grains.
  • granular particles 12 for example diamond dust grains.
  • Other critical materials are suitable, such as quartz, glass, corundum, ceramics and the like.
  • the inserts 5 can collectively encompass an encircling angle of almost 360 °, so that only slight d. H . schli z-shaped spaces 13 arise that the contact pressure to ensure adequate • must be available.
  • the surface pressure can be determined by the length of the inserts, so that inserts can be manufactured, the surface pressure of which corresponds to the respective pipe material.
  • the insert comprising the tube 20 is divided into three segments 21a to 21c. Each segment is positively fastened in a multi-part adapter 23a to 23c.
  • the adapters 23a to 23c are positively connected to keys 26a to 26c via dovetail-shaped grooves 24 and correspondingly designed springs 25.
  • End rings 27 and longitudinal strips 28 form chamber-shaped receiving spaces for the inserts 21 with their rigid shells 22 on the adapter elements 23.
  • the deposits are thus secured against rotation as well as against displacement in the longitudinal direction.
  • the wedges 26 lie with their outer jacket surfaces in a wedge-shaped opening 32 of a housing ring of the entire pipe clamp. Due to the weight of the pipe string 30 in the direction of the pipe 31, all the elements involved in the pipe clamp slide into one another and hold the pipe string at the upper end of the pipe string after loosening an elevator, without the outer casing of the pipe string being cut or indented knife-like tools is damaged.

Abstract

In order to transmit translational and/or rotational forces to mobile bodies using grippers, the invention calls for the grippers to be fitted with linings, made of an elastomeric material, which act as a substrate for a multiplicity of hard particles embedded in the material. These particles have sharp points which are oriented towards the surface of the body being gripped.

Description

Vorrichtung zum Einleiten von Kräften in bewegbare Körper Device for introducing forces into movable bodies
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einleiten von trans¬ latorischen Kräften und/oder Drehmomenten in bewegbare Körper mit Hilfe von die Körper erfassenden Klemmbacken.The invention relates to a device for introducing translatory forces and / or torques into movable bodies with the aid of clamping jaws which grip the body.
Beim Einsatz von Vorrichtungen vorgenannter Art müssen erhebliche Klemmkräfte erzeugt werden, um beispielsweise schwere Tei le heben oder auch nur verschieben zu können. Große Drehmomente werden ferner benötigt, um beispielsweise Rohre miteinander zu verschrau- ben bzw. zu lösen. Zur sicheren Übertragung der Klemmkräfte auf die bewegbaren Körper werden vielfach Messer verwendet, mit denen die Klemmbacken bestückt sind. Die Messer oder andere, die ört¬ liche Flächenpressung erheblich vergrößernde Elemente verletzen häufig die Oberflächen der zu bewegenden, starren Körper oder führen zu unerwünschten Ei nprägungen, so daß die beschädigten Körperoberflächen verstärkt einer Korrosion ausgesetzt sind. In der ö Ife Idtechni k wird aus diesem Grunde zunehmend Edelstahl für Boh r loch röhre verwendet. Deshalb wird aus Kostengründen Wert auf eine lange Lebensdauer gelegt. Nachtei lig ist ferner, daß sich die Klem backenmesser nach dem Einpressen in das Material und dem Absetzen der Anpreßkräfte häufig nur schwer von den er¬ faßten Flächen der zu bewegenden Körper lösen. Insbesondere be¬ troffen hiervon ist das Lösen von Klemmessern von einem Rohr nach einem Ent schraubungsvorgang, denn nach dem vollständigen Lösen eines Rohres von einem Anschlußstück ist es sehr schwierig, durch eine Drehrichtungsumkehr die Klemmbacken vom entschraubten Werkstück abzunehmen, da ein Gegenmoment nicht mehr vorhanden ist.When using devices of the aforementioned type, considerable clamping forces have to be generated, for example in order to lift or even move heavy parts. Large torques are also required, for example, to screw or loosen pipes together. Knives are often used to securely transmit the clamping forces to the movable bodies, with which the clamping jaws are fitted. The knives or other elements which considerably increase the local surface pressure often damage the surfaces of the rigid bodies to be moved or lead to undesired impressions, so that the damaged body surfaces are increasingly exposed to corrosion. For this reason, stainless steel is increasingly being used for borehole pipes at Ö Ife Idtechni k. For this reason, a long service life is important for cost reasons. Nachtei lig is further that the Klem jaw knife after pressing into the material and settling the contact forces often difficult to detach from the detected surfaces of the body to be moved. This particularly affects the loosening of clamping knives from a pipe after a screwing operation, because after completely loosening a pipe from a connector, it is very difficult to remove the clamping jaws from the unscrewed workpiece by reversing the direction of rotation, since a counter-torque is no longer present.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Vorrichtung nach dem eingangs genannten Gattungsbegriff so auszubilden, daß ein beschädigungsfreier Angriff der Klemmbacken an den Oberflächen der zu erfassenden und zu bewegenden Körper ermöglicht wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Klemmbacken mit Einlagen aus elastomerem Material als Träger¬ material für eine Vielzahl harter Tei lchen mit gegen die Anlage¬ flächen der zu klemmenden Körper gerichteten Spitzen ausgerüstet sind.The invention is based on the object of designing a device according to the generic term mentioned at the outset in such a way that damage-free attack of the clamping jaws on the surfaces of the bodies to be detected and moved is made possible. The solution according to the invention is characterized in that the clamping jaws are equipped with inserts made of elastomeric material as a carrier material for a large number of hard particles with tips directed against the contact surfaces of the bodies to be clamped.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht die Übertragung großer senkrecht zu den Klemmkräften gerichteter translatorischer Kräfte oder großer Drehmomente auf starre, zu bewegende Körper, ohne deren Ober¬ flächen zu verletzen und dadurch einer erhöhten Korrosion aus¬ zusetzen und zwar weitgehend unabhängig vom verwendeten Material. Es können ohne Nachtei le auch Körper aus Kunststoff erfaßt wer¬ den. Dieser Vorteil wird durch einen breitflächigen, kombinier¬ ten Reib- und Formschluß erreicht, wobei die Elastizität des Trägermaterials für einen vollflächigen Kontakt zwischen der Einlage und den zu erfassenden Oberflächen auch dann sorgt, wenn diese von einer genauen ebenen bzw. z lindrischen Gestalt ab¬ weichen und beispielsweise Bereiche größerer oder geringerer Un¬ ebenheiten bzw. Krümmungen aufweist.The invention enables the transmission of large translational forces or large torques directed perpendicular to the clamping forces to rigid bodies to be moved without damaging their surfaces and thereby subjecting them to increased corrosion, largely independently of the material used. Bodies made of plastic can also be detected without disadvantage. This advantage is achieved by a wide-area, combined friction and form fit, the elasticity of the carrier material ensuring full-area contact between the insert and the surfaces to be detected even if the latter has an exact flat or cylindrical shape soft and, for example, areas of greater or lesser unevenness or curvatures.
Von besonderem Vortei l ist die Verwendung nadeiförmiger Elemente, die in das Trägermaterial eingebettet sind. Die angriffsseitigen Enden der Nadeln reichen im wesentlichen bis an die am zu be¬ wegenden Körper anliegende Fläche der Einlage, während vorzugs¬ weise die k lemmbackensei ti gen Enden der Nadeln mit Abstand vor der Anlagefläche der elastomeren Einlagen an den Klemmbacken enden. Das zwischen den klemmbackenseitigen Nadelenden und den Klemmbacken befindliche elastomere Material kann für einen Aus¬ gleich bei Unebenheiten der zu klemmenden Teile sorgen, da bei hohem Druck elastomeres Material seitlich nachfließen kann.Of particular advantage is the use of needle-shaped elements which are embedded in the carrier material. The ends of the needles on the attack side extend essentially up to the surface of the insert lying against the body to be moved, while the ends of the needles on the clamping jaw side are preferably at a distance from the contact surface of the elastomeric inserts on the clamping jaws end up. The elastomeric material located between the needle ends on the jaw side and the jaws can compensate for unevenness in the parts to be clamped, since elastomeric material can flow laterally at high pressure.
Anstelle der Nadeln können andere harte Partikel kornför igerInstead of the needles, other hard particles can be more granular
Gestalt verwendet werden. Hierfür eignen sich Kristallkörner gleicher oder verschiedener Größe aus Diamant, Glas, Korund, Quarz, Keramik und dergleichen.Shape can be used. Crystal grains of the same or different sizes made of diamond, glass, corundum, quartz, ceramic and the like are suitable for this.
Weitere, die Erfindung vortei lhaft gestaltende Merkmale sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further, the invention advantageous design features are specified in the subclaims.
In der Ze chnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung zum übertragen von Kräften auf zu bewegende Körper rein schematisch dargestellt und nachstehend erläutert.In the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the invention for transmitting forces to bodies to be moved are shown purely schematically and are explained below.
Es zei gen :Show it :
Fig. 1 den Querschnitt durch ein Rohr mit dieses umfassendenFig. 1 shows the cross section through a tube with this
K lem backen, Fig. 2 den Längsschnitt A-B durch die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1, Fig. 3 eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Bereichs des Längs¬ schnitts A-B, Fig. 4 die vergrößerte Draufsicht auf einen Tei l der Einlage mit eingebetteten nadeiförmigen Tei len, Fig. 5 die Anordnung von nadeiförmigen Tei len mit einer Neigung zur radialen Richtung, Fig. 6 die vergößerte Darstellung eines Längsschnittbereichs einer Einlage mi eingebetteten körnigen Partikeln, Fig. 7 den Querschnitt durch eine Roh rkei l k lemme mit Einlagen mit eingebetteten nadeiförmigen Tei len, Fig. 8 einen Längsschnitt durch die Rohrkei lklemme nach Fig. 7 und Fig. 9 Einzeltei le der Rohrkei lklemme in schaubi ldl icher Dar- ste l lung .1, FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of a region of the longitudinal section AB, FIG. 4 shows the enlarged plan view of a part of the insert with embedded needle-shaped parts, FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of needle-shaped parts with an inclination to the radial direction, FIG. 6 shows the enlarged representation of a longitudinal section of an insert with embedded granular particles, FIG. 7 shows the cross section through a tube clamp with inserts with embedded needle-shaped parts, FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through the tube clamp according to FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 individual parts of the tube clamp in a diagrammatic representation.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 wird ein Rohrabschnitt 1 von einer Klemmbacke 2 umfaßt, welche aus einem Spannkörper 3 und einer Backenschale 4 zur Aufnahme einer Einlage 5 aus einem elastomeren Material besteht. Der* Spannkörper 3 zeigt scharnier¬ artige Befest i gungs laschen 3a zwischen welche die Laschen nicht dargestellter, hebelartiger Halteelemente greifen, die d-urch Ein¬ schieben eines Bolzens durch die Bohrungen 6 gesichert werden. Die Schale 4 bildet zusamenn mit der Oberfläche des Rohres 1, den sti rnsei t i gen Endringen 7 sowie Längsleisten 8 eine Kammer zur Aufnahme der Einlagen 5.1, a pipe section 1 of a clamping jaw 2, which consists of a clamping body 3 and a jaw shell 4 for receiving an insert 5 made of an elastomeric material. The * clamping body 3 shows hinge-like fastening tabs 3a between which the tabs of lever-like holding elements (not shown) engage, which are secured by the bores 6 by inserting a bolt. The shell 4 forms together with the surface of the tube 1, the sti rnsei ti gene end rings 7 and longitudinal strips 8 a chamber for receiving the deposits 5th
Die Einlage 5 aus elastomerem Material enthält gemäß Fig. 1 und 4 radial ausgerichtete Nadeln 9, deren radial äußere Enden mit Ab¬ stand vor der Backenschale 4 enden. Das elastomere Material 10 in diesem Bereich hat daher die Möglichkeit, bei Unebenheiten der zu verschraubenden Tei le unter hohem Druck seitlich zu ver¬ setzen und die Unebenheiten zu kompensieren. Bei dem Ausführungs¬ beispiel nach Fig. 5 sind Nadeln 11 mit einer Neigung zur Ra¬ dialrichtung eingebettet. Ihr Verlauf zeigt im radial äußeren Bereich eine Unsteti gkei tsste l le 11a in Form eines Knickpunktes, der zu einem radial gerichteten Bereich überleitet. Die Nadeln sind dadurch besser in der Lage, seitlich ausweichen zu können, sofern dieses durch nicht vollständig gleichmäßige Oberflächen, an denen die Einlage anliegt, notw ndig sein sollte. Die Nadeln sind dadurch gleichsam federnd ausgebildet. Als geeignete Ma¬ terialien für die Nadeln können Metalle auf Eisen- und Nicht¬ eisenbasis genannt werden. Denkbar sind auch Nadeln aus Kunst¬ stoff genügender Härte. Diese können zu einer besonders schonen¬ den Behandlung der zur erfassenden Oberflächen beim übertragen hoher Drehmomente führen. Bei allen stabförmigen Tei len wird ein zu weitgehendes Ausweichen oder Knicken durch den allseitig wirkenden Druck des Trägermaterials verhindert.According to FIGS. 1 and 4, the insert 5 made of elastomeric material contains radially aligned needles 9, the radially outer ends of which end at a distance in front of the jaw shell 4. The elastomeric material 10 in this area therefore has the possibility, in the event of unevenness of the parts to be screwed, being displaced laterally under high pressure and to compensate for the unevenness. 5, needles 11 with an inclination to the radial direction are embedded. Their course shows a discontinuity 11a in the form of a kink in the radially outer region, which leads to a radially directed region. As a result, the needles are better able to move sideways if this is necessary due to the not completely uniform surfaces on which the insert lies. As a result, the needles are designed to be resilient. Metals based on iron and non-iron can be mentioned as suitable materials for the needles. Needles made of plastic of sufficient hardness are also conceivable. These can lead to a particularly gentle treatment of the surfaces to be detected when high torques are transmitted. With all rod-shaped parts, excessive deflection or kinking is prevented by the all-round pressure of the carrier material.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 6 enthält das elastomere Material der Einlage 5 körnige Partikel 12, beispielsweise Dia¬ mantstaubkörner. Geeignet sind andere kri sta L Iförmi ge Materialien, wie Quarz, Glas, Korund, Keramik und dergleichen.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6, the elastomeric material of the insert 5 contains granular particles 12, for example diamond dust grains. Other critical materials are suitable, such as quartz, glass, corundum, ceramics and the like.
Die Einlagen 5 können gemeinsam einen Umfassungswinkel von fast 360° bi lden, so daß nur geringfügige, d-. h . schli zförmige Freiräume 13 entstehen, die zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichen- • den Anpreßkraft vorhanden sein müssen. In Verbindung mit dem großen Umfassungswinkel kann die Flächenpressung durch die Länge der Einlagen bestimmt werden, so daß Einlagen gefertigt werden können, deren Flächenpressung dem jewei ligen Rohrmaterial gerecht wi rd .The inserts 5 can collectively encompass an encircling angle of almost 360 °, so that only slight d. H . schli z-shaped spaces 13 arise that the contact pressure to ensure adequate • must be available. In connection with the large circumferential angle, the surface pressure can be determined by the length of the inserts, so that inserts can be manufactured, the surface pressure of which corresponds to the respective pipe material.
Bei der Vorr chtung nach Fig. 7 bis 9 ist die das Rohr 20 umfas¬ sende Einlage in drei Segmente 21a bis 21c untertei lt. Jedes Seg¬ ment ist in einem mehrtei ligen Adapter 23a bis 23c formschlüssig befestigt. Die Adapter 23a bis 23c sind formschlüssig über schwal- benschwanzförmige Nuten 24 und entsprechend ausgebi ldete Federn 25 mit Ke len 26a bis 26c verbunden.7 to 9, the insert comprising the tube 20 is divided into three segments 21a to 21c. Each segment is positively fastened in a multi-part adapter 23a to 23c. The adapters 23a to 23c are positively connected to keys 26a to 26c via dovetail-shaped grooves 24 and correspondingly designed springs 25.
Durch Endringe 27 und Längsleisten 28 werden an den Adapterele¬ menten 23 kammerförmi ge Aufnahmeräume für die Einlagen 21 mit ihren starren Schalen 22 gebi ldet. Die Einlagen sind somit sowohl gegen Verdrehung, als auch gegen Verschiebung in Längsrichtung gesichert.End rings 27 and longitudinal strips 28 form chamber-shaped receiving spaces for the inserts 21 with their rigid shells 22 on the adapter elements 23. The deposits are thus secured against rotation as well as against displacement in the longitudinal direction.
Im montierten Zustand liegen die Kei le 26 mit ihren äußeren Man¬ telflächen in einer kei lförmig ausgebi ldeten Öffnung 32 eines Gehäuseringes der gesamten Roh rkei l k lemme . Durch die Gewichts¬ kraft des Rohrstrangs 30 in Richtung des Pfei les 31 schieben sich alle an der Rohrkei lklemme betei ligten Elemente ineinander und halten den Rohrstrang nach dem Lösen eines Elevators am obe¬ ren Rohrstrangende, ohne daß der Außenmantel des Rohrstrangs durch Einschnitte oder Einkerbungen messerartiger Werkzeuge be¬ schädigt wird. In the assembled state, the wedges 26 lie with their outer jacket surfaces in a wedge-shaped opening 32 of a housing ring of the entire pipe clamp. Due to the weight of the pipe string 30 in the direction of the pipe 31, all the elements involved in the pipe clamp slide into one another and hold the pipe string at the upper end of the pipe string after loosening an elevator, without the outer casing of the pipe string being cut or indented knife-like tools is damaged.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Vorrichtung zum Einleiten von trans latc ri sehen Kräften und/oder Drehmomenten in bewegbare Körper mit Hilfe von die bewegbaren Körper erfassenden Klemmbacken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klemmbacken (2) mit Einlagen (5) aus elastomerem Ma¬ terial (10) als Trägermaterial für eine Vielzahl eingebetteter harter Teilchen (9,11,12) mit gegen die AnlagefLachen der zu klemmenden Körper gerichteten Spitzen ausgerüstet sind.1. Device for introducing trans latc ri see forces and / or torques in movable bodies with the aid of clamping jaws which detect the moving body, characterized in that the clamping jaws (2) with inserts (5) made of elastomeric material (10) as Carrier material for a large number of embedded hard particles (9, 11, 12) are equipped with tips directed against the contact surfaces of the bodies to be clamped.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in das Trägermaterial stabförmige Elemente (9,11) geringen Querschnitts eingebettet sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the support material is rod-shaped elements (9,11) are low Q uerschnitts embedded.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in das Trägermaterial Nadeln (9,11) eingebettet sind, deren an¬ griffssei t i ge Enden wenigstens bis zum Innenumfang der Einlagen reichen.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that in the carrier material needles (9, 11) are embedded, the an¬ griffssei t i ge ends extend at least to the inner circumference of the inserts.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nadeln (11) mit einer von der radialen Richtung abweichenden Neigung im Trägermaterial angeordnet sind.4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the needles (11) are arranged with an inclination deviating from the radial direction in the carrier material.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nadelkontur eine Unstetigkei tsste l le (11a) aufweist. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the needle contour has a discontinuity l le (11a).
6. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, daß die k lemmbac kense i t i gen Enden der Nadeln mit Abstand vor den An lagef La chen der elastomeren Einlagen an den Klemmbacken enden .6. Device according to claims 3 to 5, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the k lemmbac kense i t i gene ends of the needles at a distance in front of the lay on La of the elastomeric inserts at the jaws.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die eingebetteten Teilchen körnige Partikel sind und aus einem der Materialien Diamant, Glas, Keramik, Korund, Quarz bestehen.7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the embedded particles are granular particles and consist of one of the materials diamond, glass, ceramic, corundum, quartz.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die körnigen Partikel aus einem Gemisch der Materialien Diamant, Glas, Keramik, Korund, Quarz bestehen.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the granular particles consist of a mixture of the materials diamond, glass, ceramic, corundum, quartz.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1,7,8, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die körnigen Partikel annähernd von gleicher Größe sind.9. Device according to one of claims 1,7,8, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the granular particles are approximately the same size.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1,7,8, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die körnigen Partikel unterschiedliche Größen haben .10. Device according to one of claims 1,7,8, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the granular particles have different sizes.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansorüche 1 bis 10, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Einlagen in die Klemmbacken eingeklebt sind.11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the inserts are glued into the clamping jaws.
12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Einlagen und die Klemmbacken mit einer senkrecht zur Kra ftübert ragungsri chtung gerichteten Profi lierung zur formschlüssigen Verbindung ineinandergreifen.12. The device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized ge indicates that the inserts and the jaws with a perpendicular to the force transmission ragungsri direction directed interlocking for a positive connection.
13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Einlagen in kämme rförmi gen Ausn-eh ungen der Klemmbacken angeordnet sind.13. The device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized ge indicates that the inserts are arranged in comb-shaped recesses of the clamping jaws.
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Klemmbacken mit den Einlagen zum Umfassen rohrför iger Tei le scha lenförmi g ausgebildet sind.14. The device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the clamping jaws with the inserts for embracing tubular parts are bowl-shaped.
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Umfassungswinkel einer Klemmbacke mit Einlage annähernd 180° beträgt.15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the circumferential angle of a jaw with insert is approximately 180 °.
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlage (21) in einem mehrteiligen Adapter (23) angeordnet und die Adapterteile in Keilen(26) einer Rohrkei Lk le me zum Ablassen und Halten eines Rohrstrangs (30) befestigt sind.16. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the insert (21) arranged in a multi-part adapter (23) and the adapter parts in wedges (26) of a Rohrkei Lk le me for draining and holding a pipe string (30) are attached.
17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adapterteile (23a - 23b) formschlüssig mit den Kei len ver¬ bunden sind.17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the adapter parts (23a - 23b) are positively connected to the wedges.
18. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 14, 16, 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Adaptertei le mit den Einlagen einen Umfassungswinkel von etwa 1 0 " aufweisen. 18. Device according to one of claims 14, 16, 17, characterized in that the adapter parts le with the inserts have a wrap angle of about 1 0 ".
PCT/DE1991/000377 1990-05-11 1991-05-08 Device for transmitting forces to mobile bodies WO1991018181A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002064197A CA2064197C (en) 1990-05-11 1991-05-08 Device for conducting forces into movable objects
DE59102560T DE59102560D1 (en) 1990-05-11 1991-05-08 DEVICE FOR INITIATING FORCES IN MOVABLE BODIES.
EP91908781A EP0482158B1 (en) 1990-05-11 1991-05-08 Device for transmitting forces to mobile bodies
NO920142A NO306269B1 (en) 1990-05-11 1992-01-10 Pipe pliers for oil or gas tight jointing of pipes and for solution of screwed pipes

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4015121.2 1990-05-11
DE4015121 1990-05-11
DEP4108760.7 1991-03-18
DE4108760A DE4108760A1 (en) 1990-05-11 1991-03-18 DEVICE FOR INITIATING FORCES IN MOVABLE BODIES

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991018181A1 true WO1991018181A1 (en) 1991-11-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1991/000377 WO1991018181A1 (en) 1990-05-11 1991-05-08 Device for transmitting forces to mobile bodies

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5221099A (en)
EP (1) EP0482158B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04504887A (en)
AT (1) ATE110136T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2064197C (en)
DE (2) DE4108760A1 (en)
NO (1) NO306269B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991018181A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO920142D0 (en) 1992-01-10
EP0482158A1 (en) 1992-04-29
ATE110136T1 (en) 1994-09-15
JPH04504887A (en) 1992-08-27
NO306269B1 (en) 1999-10-11
EP0482158B1 (en) 1994-08-17
CA2064197A1 (en) 1991-11-12
DE59102560D1 (en) 1994-09-22
US5221099A (en) 1993-06-22
NO920142L (en) 1992-01-10
CA2064197C (en) 1999-01-26
DE4108760A1 (en) 1991-11-14

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