WO1992004615A1 - Spectrum analysis and absorption measuring process with controlled spectral range - Google Patents

Spectrum analysis and absorption measuring process with controlled spectral range Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992004615A1
WO1992004615A1 PCT/CH1991/000173 CH9100173W WO9204615A1 WO 1992004615 A1 WO1992004615 A1 WO 1992004615A1 CH 9100173 W CH9100173 W CH 9100173W WO 9204615 A1 WO9204615 A1 WO 9204615A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spectral
spectral range
measurement method
absorption measurement
controlled
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1991/000173
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Stern
Original Assignee
Josef Stern
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Josef Stern filed Critical Josef Stern
Publication of WO1992004615A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992004615A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/42—Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
    • G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J3/502—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors using a dispersive element, e.g. grating, prism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/255—Details, e.g. use of specially adapted sources, lighting or optical systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/10—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter by comparison with reference light or electric value provisionally void
    • G01J1/16—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter by comparison with reference light or electric value provisionally void using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J1/1626—Arrangements with two photodetectors, the signals of which are compared
    • G01J2001/1636—Arrangements with two photodetectors, the signals of which are compared one detector directly monitoring the source, e.g. also impulse time controlling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
    • G01J2003/102—Plural sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/42—Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry
    • G01J2003/421—Single beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/42—Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry
    • G01J2003/425—Reflectance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N2021/3129—Determining multicomponents by multiwavelength light
    • G01N2021/3133—Determining multicomponents by multiwavelength light with selection of wavelengths before the sample
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
    • G01N2021/4764—Special kinds of physical applications
    • G01N2021/4773—Partly or totally translucent samples

Definitions

  • small areas such as e.g. a tooth with a selectable measuring surface size (depending on the model 100 x 100 mm to 0.1 x 0.1 mm) divided into spectral ranges (16, 32, 64) and the absorption in each spectral range measured instantaneously in parts per thousand, without contact (from 50 to 600 mm) and with an ambient light intensity of up to 600 lumens.
  • variable plasma volume in the xenon lamp in low-cost lamps results in statistically detectable color changes, which leads to a long measuring time if the measuring precision is desirable.
  • Xenon flash lamps (6) are used to generate the spectral ranges necessary for spectral analysis (2).
  • Spectral analysis and absorption measurement methods "are mainly based on the division into spectral ranges before that
  • the measuring value of the absorption value in the given spectral range of around 10 ppm / ⁇ C can be achieved at ambient temperatures from 10 ⁇ C to 40 ⁇ C will.

Abstract

The novel spectrum analysis and absorption measurement process with controlled spectral range provides new facilities for spectrum analysis and the measurement of small uneven objects. The use of centring beams makes it possible to measured objects in depth (translucence, opalescence). The use of a CCD sensor instead of the PIN photodiode makes it possible to measure entire 3-dimensional bodies by spectrum analysis. Contact-free measurement means that this measuring process provides new opportunities on the production line and in the automatic production of textiles, paper, paints, foodstuffs, etc.

Description

Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range
Einleitungintroduction
Bei der hier beschriebenen kombinierten Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich werden im sichtbaren, UV und IR Licht bereich kleine Flächen wie z.B. einen Zahn mit wählbaren Messflächengrösse (je nach Modell 100 x 100 mm bis 0,1 x 0,1 mm) in Sprektralbereiche unterteilt (16, 32, 64) und die Absorbtion in jedem Spektralbereich in Promille instantan gemessen, berührungslos (von 50 bis 600 mm) und bei einer Umgebungslichtintensität von bis zu 600 Lumen.In the combined spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range described here, small areas such as e.g. a tooth with a selectable measuring surface size (depending on the model 100 x 100 mm to 0.1 x 0.1 mm) divided into spectral ranges (16, 32, 64) and the absorption in each spectral range measured instantaneously in parts per thousand, without contact (from 50 to 600 mm) and with an ambient light intensity of up to 600 lumens.
HEUTIGER STAND DER TECHNOLOGIETODAY'S TECHNOLOGY
Bei den heute auf dem Markt erhältlichen Spektrometern können kleine Gegenstände wie z.B ein Zahn nicht gemessen werden.With the spectrometers available on the market today, small objects such as a tooth cannot be measured.
Es ist auch unmöglich für Gegenstände wie Zähne einen absolutenIt is also impossible for objects such as an absolute tooth
Absorbtionswert in Promille zu bestimmen. Weiter ist es unmöglich in grossen Abständen vom gemessenem Gegenstand (50 bis 600 mm) eine Analyse durchzuführen. Einen weiterer Nachteil bei den heutigen Spektralanalse-Verfahren besteht darin dass man die Grosse der gemessene Fläche nicht wählen kann, und dass der gemessene Gegenstand nicht bei Umgebungslicht gemessen werden kann.Determine the absorption value in parts per thousand. Furthermore, it is impossible to carry out an analysis at great distances from the measured object (50 to 600 mm). Another disadvantage with today's spectral analysis methods is that the size of the measured area cannot be selected and that the measured object cannot be measured in ambient light.
Bei der vor kurzem von mir entwickelten kombiniertesIn the recently developed combined
Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren wurden bei derSpectral analysis and absorption measurement methods were carried out at the
Benützung folgende Mängeln festgestellt: a) Die gemessene Lichtstärke schwankt sehr stark mit der Umgebungstemperatur und ist für eine Messgenauigkeit in Promille nur mit hohem Aufwand berücksichtigbar.Use of the following defects found: a) The measured light intensity fluctuates very strongly with the ambient temperature and can only be taken into account for measuring accuracy in parts per thousand with great effort.
b) Durch den variablen Plasmavolumen in der Xenonlampe bei Low Cost Lampen entstehen statistisch erfassbare Farbänderungeun die bei eine wünschenswerte hohe Messpräzision zu eine lange Messzeit führt.b) The variable plasma volume in the xenon lamp in low-cost lamps results in statistically detectable color changes, which leads to a long measuring time if the measuring precision is desirable.
c) Die Notwendigkeit für jeden Spektralbereich, jeweils einen Photodioden-Verstärker, Zähler und Bustreiber vorzusehen schränkt die Anzahl Spektralbereiche ein.c) The need for each spectral range to provide a photodiode amplifier, counter and bus driver limits the number of spectral ranges.
d) Da die Spektralaufteilung des Lichtes beim "Kombiniertes Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren" nach dem Objektiv erfolgt sind die damit verbundene Lichtverluste und Intensitätsreduktion erst nach der Beleuchtung des Messgegenstandes wirksam. Diese Eingenschaft führt dazu, dass das gemesene Gegenstand sehr hohe Lichtintensitäten ausgesetzt wird, und damit vor allem bei Zahnmessungen zu Augenreizungen bei empfindliche Personen führen kann.d) Since the spectral distribution of the light in the "combined spectral analysis and absorption measurement method" takes place after the lens, the associated light losses and intensity reduction are only effective after the object to be illuminated. This property means that the measured object is exposed to very high light intensities, which can lead to eye irritation in sensitive people, especially when measuring teeth.
MESSVERFAHREN UND INSTRUMENTMEASURING METHOD AND INSTRUMENT
Bei dem entwickelten Messverfahren sind alle für den spezifischen Einsatz notwendigen Merkmale entwickelt worden, und alle Nachteile der heutigen Spektromaten behoben worden. Zusätzlich sind die einschränkende Eigenschaften des vor kurzem, von mir entwickelten "Kombiniertes Sprektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren" behoben worden. TECHNISCHE BESCHREIBUNGWith the developed measuring method, all features necessary for the specific application have been developed and all disadvantages of today's spectromats have been eliminated. In addition, the restrictive properties of the recently developed "Combined Spectral Analysis and Absorbance Measurement Method" that I developed have been removed. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
Bei den angewendeten Messverfahren werden 16 festmontierteWith the measuring methods used, 16 are permanently installed
Xenonblitzlampen (6) benützt um die für eine Spektralanalyse notwendige Spektralbereiche zu erzeugen (2) .Xenon flash lamps (6) are used to generate the spectral ranges necessary for spectral analysis (2).
Die Vorteile dieser Messanordnung gegenüber den "KombinierteThe advantages of this measuring arrangement over the "combined
Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren" beruhen hauptsächlich auf die Aufteilung in Spektralbereiche bevor dasSpectral analysis and absorption measurement methods "are mainly based on the division into spectral ranges before that
Licht die Messaparatur verlässt. Es ergeben sich ein beachtliche Anzahl Vorteile, wobei gleichzeitig: a) Die Kosten für die Herstellung des Gerätes reduziert werden.Light leaves the measuring apparatus. There are a considerable number of advantages, at the same time: a) The costs for the manufacture of the device are reduced.
b) Es ergibt sich eine viel höhere Messgenauigkeit.b) The measurement accuracy is much higher.
c) Das sogenannte Messkopf der bei der "kombinierte Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren" viel grösser war, wird auf eine sehr einsatzfreundliche Grosse reduziert.c) The so-called measuring head, which was much larger in the "combined spectral analysis and absorption measurement method", is reduced to a size that is very easy to use.
d) Durch den Einsatz der Photodioden (1) und (3) mit gleicher thermische Koeffizient (aussortiert bei der Produktion) kann bei Umgebungstemperaturen von 10βC bis 40βC eine Messgenauigkeit des Absorbtionswertes im gegebenen Spektralbereich von zirka 10 ppm/βC erreicht werden.d) By using the photodiodes (1) and (3) with the same thermal coefficient (sorted out during production), the measuring value of the absorption value in the given spectral range of around 10 ppm / β C can be achieved at ambient temperatures from 10 β C to 40 β C will.
e) Die Schwankungen der LichtIntensität (im ausgestrahlten Spektralbereich) die bei Xenonblitzlampen üblicherweise sehr hoch sein können (wegen variabler Plasmavolumen) können durch die Photodiode (3) erfasst werden. f) Da bei dieses Messverfahren nur eine Photodiode mit Verstärker und A/D-Wandler als Empfänger benützt wird, ist die Grosse der Licht- und Elektromagnetische-Abschirmung sehr reduziert im Vergleich mit dem "Kombinierte Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren". Ausserdem muss das Hauptgehäuse nicht gegen Licht und Elektromagnetisch abgeschirmt sein.e) The fluctuations in the light intensity (in the emitted spectral range) which can usually be very high in xenon flash lamps (due to variable plasma volume) can be detected by the photodiode (3). f) Since only one photodiode with amplifier and A / D converter is used as a receiver in this measurement method, the size of the light and electromagnetic shielding is very reduced in comparison with the "combined spectral analysis and absorption measurement method". In addition, the main housing does not have to be shielded from light and electromagnetically.
Legende:Legend:
1. Photodiode PIN1. Photodiode PIN
2. Objektiv2. Lens
3. Photodioden PIN3. Photodiode PIN
4. Kolimatoren4. Kolimators
5. Prismen5. Prisms
6. Xenonlampe6. Xenon lamp
7. Gemessene Strahl7. Measured beam
8. Spektrallicht und Zentrierung8. Spectral light and centering
9. Licht und elektromagnetische Abschirmung 10. Hauptgehäuse 9. Light and electromagnetic shielding 10. Main body

Claims

PATENTRECHTLICHE ANSPRÜCHEPATENT REQUIREMENTS
1) Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich bei dem die Lichtquelle (mit Prismen, Filtern oder Optischegitter) in Spektralbereiche unterteilt ist bevor das Messlicht den gemessene Gegenstand erreicht.1) Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range in which the light source (with prisms, filters or optical grids) is divided into spectral ranges before the measuring light reaches the measured object.
2) Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich mit differential Messung (Photodioden (1) und (3)) um die Temperaturkoeffizienten der Photodioden auskompensieren zu können.2) Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range with differential measurement (photodiodes (1) and (3)) in order to be able to compensate for the temperature coefficients of the photodiodes.
3) Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich bei der ausgestrahlte Lichtmenge im Spektralbereich (mittels Photodiode (3)) gemessen wird um Intensitätsschwankungen (der Xenonlampe) softwaremässig korrigieren zu können.3) Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with a controlled spectral range for the amount of light emitted in the spectral range (using a photodiode (3)) is measured in order to be able to correct intensity fluctuations (of the xenon lamp) using software.
4) Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich bei dem mehrere Xenonlampen eingesetzt werden.4) Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range in which several xenon lamps are used.
5) Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich mit Einsatz der Empfänger- Photodiode auf der Bildebene des Objektivs. 6) Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich mit doppelter Lampen und Prismensystem um die Positioniereung (Zentrierung) des gemessenem Gegenstandes zu ermöglichen und um die Spektralbereiche zu verdoppeln.5) Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range using the receiver photodiode on the image plane of the lens. 6) Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range with double lamps and prism system to enable the positioning (centering) of the measured object and to double the spectral ranges.
7) Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich mit sequentielle Zündung der Xenonlampen.7) Spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range with sequential ignition of the xenon lamps.
8) Einsatz des Spektralanalyse und Absorbtionsmessverfahren mit kontrollierten Spektralbereich in der Dentalmesstechnik, Textilproduktion, Papierproduktion, Lebensmittelanalyse. 8) Use of the spectral analysis and absorption measurement method with controlled spectral range in dental metrology, textile production, paper production, food analysis.
PCT/CH1991/000173 1990-09-03 1991-08-15 Spectrum analysis and absorption measuring process with controlled spectral range WO1992004615A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH285590 1990-09-03
CH2855/90-8 1990-09-03

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WO1992004615A1 true WO1992004615A1 (en) 1992-03-19

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10323193A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2004-12-23 Océ Document Technologies GmbH Device and method for multispectral scanning of a color image template

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3687519A (en) * 1971-02-24 1972-08-29 Us Army Semi-micro absolute transmittance and specular reflectance accessory for spectrophotometers
US4241998A (en) * 1978-01-20 1980-12-30 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Spectrophotometer
GB2049924A (en) * 1979-06-01 1980-12-31 Instrumentation Specialties Co Absorbance monitor
EP0274403A2 (en) * 1987-01-05 1988-07-13 Btg International Limited Light absorption analyser
GB2203834A (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-26 Dunacoop Kereskedel Idegenforg Measuring light intensity
US4881811A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-11-21 Colorgen, Inc. Remote color measurement device
EP0367647A1 (en) * 1988-10-17 1990-05-09 Bertin & Cie Device for gathering colorimetric information in situ, especially at a tooth in the mouth

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3687519A (en) * 1971-02-24 1972-08-29 Us Army Semi-micro absolute transmittance and specular reflectance accessory for spectrophotometers
US4241998A (en) * 1978-01-20 1980-12-30 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Spectrophotometer
GB2049924A (en) * 1979-06-01 1980-12-31 Instrumentation Specialties Co Absorbance monitor
EP0274403A2 (en) * 1987-01-05 1988-07-13 Btg International Limited Light absorption analyser
GB2203834A (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-26 Dunacoop Kereskedel Idegenforg Measuring light intensity
US4881811A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-11-21 Colorgen, Inc. Remote color measurement device
EP0367647A1 (en) * 1988-10-17 1990-05-09 Bertin & Cie Device for gathering colorimetric information in situ, especially at a tooth in the mouth

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 10, no. 358 (P-522)(2415) 2. Dezember 1986 & JP,A,61 155 735 ( SHIMADZU CORP ) 15. Juli 1986 siehe Zusammenfassung *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10323193A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2004-12-23 Océ Document Technologies GmbH Device and method for multispectral scanning of a color image template

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